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{{Other uses|World Economy (disambiguation)}}
{{Disputed|date=May 2025}}
[[File:World GDP per capita 1500 to 2003.svg|350px|thumb|[[World GDP]] per capita between 1500 and 2003]]
{{World economy}}
The '''world economy''' or '''global economy''' is the [[economy]] of all humans in the world, referring to the global [[economic system]], which includes all economic activities conducted both within and between [[nation]]s, including [[production (economics)|production]], [[consumption (economics)|consumption]], [[management|economic management]], [[Work (human activity)|work]] in general, financial transactions and [[trade]] of [[goods and services]].<ref>{{cite web |title=THE GLOBAL ECONOMY {{!}} definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/global-economy |website=dictionary.cambridge.org |access-date=20 September 2020 |archive-date=4 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504034558/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/global-economy |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>"World Economy." – Definition. American English Definition of with Pronunciation by Macmillan Dictionary. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 January 2015.</ref> In some contexts, the two terms are distinct: the "international" or "global economy" is measured separately and distinguished from national economies, while the "world economy" is simply an aggregate of the separate countries' measurements. Beyond the minimum standard concerning value in production, use and exchange, the definitions, representations, models and valuations of the world economy vary widely. It is inseparable from the [[geography]] and [[ecology]] of planet [[Earth]].
 
It is common to limit questions of the world economy exclusively to [[Economics|human economic activity]], and the world economy is typically judged in [[Money|monetary]] terms, even in cases in which there is no efficient [[Market (economics)|market]] to help valuate certain goods or services, or in cases in which a lack of independent research, genuine data or government cooperation makes calculating figures difficult. Typical examples are [[illegal drug trade|illegal drugs]] and other [[black market]] goods, which by any standard are a part of the world economy, but for which there is, by definition, no legal market of any kind.
 
However, even in cases in which there is a clear and efficient market to establish [[monetary]] [[Value (economics)|value]], economists do not typically use the current or official [[exchange rate]] to translate the monetary units of this market into a single unit for the world economy since exchange rates typically do not closely reflect [[world]]wide value – for example, in cases where the volume or price of transactions is closely regulated by the government.

Rather, market valuations in a local currency are typically translated to a single monetary unit using the idea of [[Purchasing power parity|purchasing power]]. This is the method used below, which is used for estimating worldwide economic activity in terms of [[purchasing power parity|real]] [[United States dollar]]s or [[euro]]s. However, the world economy can be evaluated and expressed in many more ways. It is unclear, for example, how many of the world's [[world population|7.8 billion people]] ({{as of|March 2020|lc=y}})<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/world-population-2020-overview |title=World Population: 2020 Overview |access-date=2020-09-20 |archive-date=2021-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309052034/https://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/world-population-2020-overview |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://interactives.prb.org/2020-wpds/ |title=2020 World Population Data Sheet |access-date=2020-09-20 |archive-date=2020-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928162218/https://interactives.prb.org/2020-wpds/ |url-status=live }}</ref> have most of their economic activity reflected in these valuations.
 
Until the middle of the 19th century, global output was dominated by [[China]] and [[India]]. Waves of the [[Industrial Revolution]] in Western Europe and Northern America shifted the shares to the Western Hemisphere. As of 2025, the following 20 countries and 2 collectives have reached an economy of at least US$2 [[trillion (short scale)|trillion]] by [[Gross Domestic Product]] (GDP) in nominal or [[Purchasing Power Parity]] (PPP) terms: '''[[Brazil]]''', '''[[Canada]]''', '''[[China]]''', '''[[Egypt]]''', '''[[France]]''', '''[[Germany]]''', '''[[India]]''', '''[[Indonesia]]''', '''[[Italy]]''', '''[[Japan]]''', '''[[Mexico]]''', '''[[Nigeria]]''', '''[[Poland]]''', '''[[South Korea]]''', '''[[Russia]]''', '''[[Saudi Arabia]]''', '''[[Spain]]''', '''[[Turkey]]''', the '''[[United Kingdom]]''', the '''[[United States]]''', the '''[[European Union]]''' and the '''[[African Union]]'''.<ref name="IMF Data">{{Cite web|title=World Economic Outlook Database October 2025|url=https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.RES:WEO(9.0.0)|access-date=2025-11-16|website=www.imf.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://vantagepointtrading.com/news/more-qe-from-the-bank-of-england-to-support-the-uk-economy-in-2021/|title=More QE From the Bank of England to Support the UK Economy in 2021|work=Vant Age Point Trading|access-date=25 January 2021|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120013924/https://vantagepointtrading.com/news/more-qe-from-the-bank-of-england-to-support-the-uk-economy-in-2021/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Between 1820 and 2000, [[International inequality|global income inequality]] increased with almost 50%. However, this change occurred mostly before 1950. Afterwards, the level of inequality remained mostly stable. It is important to differentiate between between-country inequality, which was the driving force for this pattern, and within country inequality, which remained largely constant.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=van Zanden|first1=Jan Luiten|last2=Baten|first2=Joerg|last3=Földvari|first3=Peter|last4=van Leeuwen|first4=Bas|date=2011|title=The Changing Shape of Global Inequality 1820–2000: Exploring a new dataset|journal=CGEH Working Paper Series}}</ref> Global income inequality peaked approximately in the 1970s, when world income was [[Bimodal distribution|distributed bimodally]] into "rich" and "poor" countries with little overlap. Since then, inequality has been rapidly decreasing, and this trend seems to be accelerating. Income distribution is now unimodal, with most people living in middle-income countries.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.voxeu.org/index.php?q=node/4508|title=Parametric estimations of the world distribution of income|date=22 January 2010}}</ref>

In the 2000s, a study by the [[World Institute for Development Economics Research]] at [[United Nations University]] found that the richest 1% of adults owned 40% of global assets, and that the richest 10% of adults accounted for 85% of the world total. The bottom half of the world adult population owned barely 1% of global wealth. [[Oxfam International]] reported that the richest 1 percent of people owned 48 percent of global wealth {{As of|2013}},<ref>[https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/oxfam-richest-1-percent-sees-share-of-global-wealth-jump/ar-AA8lc7U?ocid=ansnewsap11 Oxfam: Richest 1 percent sees share of global wealth jump]</ref> and would own more than half of global wealth by 2016.<ref name="NYT-20150119-PC">{{cite news |last=Cohen |first=Patricia |title=Richest 1% Likely to Control Half of Global Wealth by 2016, Study Finds |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/19/business/richest-1-percent-likely-to-control-half-of-global-wealth-by-2016-study-finds.html |date=19 January 2015 |work=[[New York Times]] |access-date=19 January 2015 }}</ref> In 2014, Oxfam reported that the 85 wealthiest individuals in the world had a combined wealth equal to that of the bottom half of the world's population, or about 3.5 billion people.<ref>[http://www.oxfam.org/en/pressroom/pressrelease/2014-01-20/rigged-rules-mean-economic-growth-increasingly-winner-takes-all-for-rich-elites Rigged rules mean economic growth increasingly "winner takes all" for rich elites all over world]. ''Oxfam''. 20 January 2014.</ref><ref>Neuman, Scott (20 January 2014). [https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/01/20/264241052/oxfam-worlds-richest-1-percent-control-half-of-global-wealth Oxfam: World's Richest 1 Percent Control Half Of Global Wealth]. ''[[NPR]].'' Retrieved 25 January 2014.</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Stout|first=David|title=One Stat to Destroy Your Faith in Humanity: The World's 85 Richest People Own as Much as the 3.5 Billion Poorest|url=http://business.time.com/2014/01/20/worlds-85-wealthiest-people-as-rich-as-3-5-billion-poorest/|publisher=Time|access-date=21 January 2014|date=20 January 2014|archive-date=23 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123232731/http://business.time.com/2014/01/20/worlds-85-wealthiest-people-as-rich-as-3-5-billion-poorest/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Wearden|first=Graeme|title=Oxfam: 85 richest people as wealthy as poorest half of the world|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/jan/20/oxfam-85-richest-people-half-of-the-world|work=The Guardian|access-date=21 January 2014|date=20 January 2014}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20140722">{{cite news |last=Kristof |first=Nicholas |title=An Idiot's Guide to Inequality |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/24/opinion/nicholas-kristof-idiots-guide-to-inequality-piketty-capital.html |date=22 July 2014 |work=[[New York Times]] |access-date=22 July 2014 }}</ref>

Despite high levels of [[Government bond|government investment]], the global economy decreased by 3.4% in 2020 in the midst of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]],<ref name="OECD2021">{{Cite web| title = OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report March 2021| author = OECD| date = March 2021| access-date = 21 May 2023| url = https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-outlook/volume-2020/issue-2_34bfd999-en| archive-date = 21 May 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230521232620/https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-outlook/volume-2020/issue-2_34bfd999-en| url-status = live}}</ref> an improvement from the [[World Bank]]'s initial prediction of a 5.2 percent decrease.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Global Economic Outlook During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Changed World|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2020/06/08/the-global-economic-outlook-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-a-changed-world|access-date=2021-06-07|website=World Bank|language=en|archive-date=2021-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609063803/https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2020/06/08/the-global-economic-outlook-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-a-changed-world|url-status=live}}</ref> Cities account for 80% of global [[Gross domestic product|GDP]], thus they faced the brunt of this decline.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cities are the hub of the global green recovery|url=https://blogs.worldbank.org/sustainablecities/cities-are-hub-global-green-recovery|access-date=2021-06-07|website=blogs.worldbank.org|language=en|archive-date=2021-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607142029/https://blogs.worldbank.org/sustainablecities/cities-are-hub-global-green-recovery|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Mayor of Lima sees COVID-19 as spark for an urban hub to the green recovery|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/urban-impact-of-covid-19|access-date=2021-06-07|website=European Investment Bank|language=en|archive-date=2022-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408145456/https://www.eib.org/en/stories/urban-impact-of-covid-19|url-status=live}}</ref> The world economy increased again in 2021 with an estimated 5.5 percent rebound.<ref name="WorldBank2022">{{Cite web| title = The Global Economic Outlook in five charts| author = Lucia Quaglietti, Collette Wheeler| work = World Bank| date = 11 January 2022| access-date = 21 May 2023| url = https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/global-economic-outlook-five-charts-1| archive-date = 21 May 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230521232558/https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/global-economic-outlook-five-charts-1| url-status = live}}</ref>

==Overview==
===World economy by country groups===

{{static row numbers}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers" style="text-align:right;"
|-
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Country group
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|List of country groups by GDP (nominal) in 2025 (or at peaked level)
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|List of country groups by GDP (PPP) in 2025 (or at peaked level)
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Number of countries
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Major economies
|-
!Value<br />(in millions of US$)!!Share of Global GDP!!Value<br />(in millions of US$)!!Share of Global GDP
|-
| align=left|'''[[Asia-Pacific|Emerging and developing Asia]]'''<br /><small>(Continents: Asia and Oceania)</small>
| 27,821,017
| 23.8%
| 73,419,080
| 35.1%
| 30
| align=left|'''{{CHN}}'''<br />'''{{IND}}'''<br />'''{{IDN}}'''<br />{{THA}}<br />{{VNM}}<br />{{BAN}}<br />{{MYS}}<br />{{PHL}}
|-
| align=left|{{nowrap|'''[[Group of Seven|Major advanced economies]] (G7)'''<br /><small>(Continents: Europe, North America and Asia)</small>}}
| 52,056,759
| 44.4%
| 58,959,130
| 28.2%
| 7
| align=left|'''{{USA}}'''<br />'''{{JPN}}'''<br />'''{{DEU}}'''<br />'''{{FRA}}'''<br />'''{{GBR}}'''<br />'''{{ITA}}'''<br />'''{{CAN}}'''
|-
| align=left|'''[[Developed country|Other advanced economies]]'''<br />(advanced economies excluding the G7)<br /><small>(Continents: Europe, Asia, Oceania and North America)</small>
| 16,541,860
| 14.1%
| 22,701,831
| 10.9%
| 35
| align=left|'''{{KOR}}'''<br />{{ESP}}<br />{{TWN}}<br />'''{{AUS}}'''<br />{{NED}}<br />{{CHE}}<br />{{SGP}}<br />{{BEL}}<br />{{IRL}}<br />{{SWE}}
|-
| align=left|'''[[Central and Eastern Europe|Emerging and developing Europe]]'''<br /><small>(Continents: Europe and Asia)</small>
| 6,463,042
| 5.5%
| 16,081,471
| 7.7%
| 15
| align=left|'''{{RUS}}'''<br />'''{{TUR}}'''<br />{{POL}}<br />{{ROM}}<br />{{UKR}}
|-
| align=left|'''[[MENA|Middle East]] and [[Central Asia]]'''<br /><small>(Continents: Asia and Africa)</small>
| 5,200,632
| 4.4%
| 15,492,232
| 7.4%
| 32
| align=left|'''{{SAU}}'''<br />{{EGY}}<br />{{IRN}}<br />{{PAK}}<br />{{nowrap|{{ARE}}}}<br />{{KAZ}}<br />{{ALG}}
|-
| align=left|'''[[Latin America]] and the [[Caribbean]]'''<br /><small>(Continents: South America and North America)</small>
| 7,000,686
| 6.0%
| 14,894,519
| 7.1%
| 33
| align=left|'''{{BRA}}'''<br />'''{{MEX}}'''<br />'''{{ARG}}'''<br />{{COL}}
|-
| align=left|'''[[Sub-Saharan Africa]]'''<br /><small>(Continent: Africa)</small>
| 2,081,399<br /><small>(peaked at 2,224,418 in 2022)</small>
| 1.8%
| 7,408,019
| 3.6%
| 45
| align=left|{{NGR}}<br />'''{{RSA}}'''
|-class="sortbottom"
| align=left|'''''[[World]]'''''
| '''117,165,394'''
| 100.0%
| '''208,956,282'''
| 100.0%
| 197
|
|}

===World economy by continent===
{{Main|List of continents by GDP#Continents by GDP (nominal)}}

{|  style="font-size:10000"
|-
| width="50%" align="center" | '''GDP sector composition (2019 estimate)'''<ref name="The World Factbook - GDP (purchasing power parity)">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/208.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111015449/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/208.html|archive-date=January 11, 2019|title=The World Factbook - GDP (purchasing power parity)}}</ref><ref name="The World Factbook - GDP - composition, by sector of origin">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/214.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110065235/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/214.html|archive-date=January 10, 2019|title=The World Factbook - GDP - composition, by sector of origin}}</ref>  
|- valign="top"
|
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; text-align:right"
! style="width:2em;" | Continent !!  Agricultural !! Industrial !! Service
|-style="font--3weight:bold;background:#f0f0f0"
|''[[Gross world product|World]]''|| 7,908.260	|| 38,354.363	|| 81,575.461
|-
|[[Asia]]|| 5,105.362	|| 20,858.549	|| 32,939.397
|-
|[[North America]]|| 292.467	|| 5,008.594	|| 18,426.200
|-
|[[Europe]]|| 838.199	|| 8,175.402	|| 20,598.902
|-
|{{nowrap|[[South America]]}}|| 539.510	|| 2,014.140	|| 5,024.223
|-
|[[Africa]] || 1,076.690	|| 1,941.037	|| 3,559.579
|-
|[[Oceania]]|| 56.032	|| 356.641	|| 1,027.160
|}
|
|- valign="top"
| colspan=3 |
|}

===Current world economic league table of largest economies in the world by GDP and share of global economic growth===

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible <!--mw-collapsed-->"
|-
!style="text-align:center;" colspan="4"|The 30 largest economies by GDP (nominal), GDP ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]]), the highest peak GDP per capita (nominal) and the highest peak GDP per capita (PPP) as of 2025. Members of the [[G20|G-20 major economies]] are in bold.
|- style="text-align:center;"
|  style="width:25%; "| '''List of the 30 largest economies<br /> by GDP (nominal) at their peak level as of 2025 in million US$'''<ref name="IMF Data" />
|  style="width:25%; "| '''List of the 30 largest economies<br /> by GDP (PPP) at their peak level as of 2025 in million Int$'''<ref name="IMF Data" />
|  style="width:25%; "| '''List of the 30 economies by highest<br />GDP (nominal) per capita at their peak level as of 2025 in US$'''<ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD GDP per capita data for Monaco, Bermuda, Norway, Qatar, the Cayman Islands, the Isle of Man, Macau, the Channel Islands, the Faroe Islands, Brunei and Greenland by World Bank]</ref>
|  style="width:25%; "| '''List of the 30 economies by highest<br />GDP (PPP) per capita at their peak level as of 2025 in Int$'''<ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD?most_recent_value_desc=true GDP per capita (PPP) data for Qatar, Macau, Norway, Bermuda, the UAE, Kuwait, the Cayman Islands, Greenland, the Faroe Islands and Andorra by World Bank]</ref><ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/real-gdp-per-capita/country-comparison/ GDP per capita (PPP) data for Monaco and Liechtenstein by World Bank]</ref>
|- valign="top"
|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right"
|-
! style="width:2em;" | Rank !! Country !! Value !! {{nowrap|Peak year}}
|-
|—||align=left|'''''[[World]]'''''<ref name="IMF World & EU">[https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april/weo-report?a=1&c=001,110,163,119,123,998,510,200,505,903,205,400,603,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,&sy=1980&ey=2025&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 IMF GDP for the World and the European Union]</ref>||117,165,394||2025
|-
|1||align=left|'''{{USA}}'''||30,615,743||2025
|-
|—||align=left|{{nowrap|'''''{{EU}}'''''<ref name="IMF World & EU" />}}||21,096,780||2025
|-
|2||align=left|'''{{CHN}}'''||19,231,705||2025
|-
|3||align=left|'''{{JPN}}'''<ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2012&locations=JP&start=1960 World Bank's GDP (Nominal) Data for Japan]</ref>||6,272,363||2012
|-
|4||align=left|'''{{DEU}}'''||5,013,574||2025
|-
|5||align=left|'''{{IND}}'''||4,125,213||2025
|-
|6||align=left|'''{{nowrap|{{UK}}}}'''||3,958,780||2025
|-
|7||align="left"|'''{{FRA}}'''||3,361,557||2025
|-
|—||align=left|'''''{{flag|African Union}}'''''<ref>[https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPD@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD/AFQ IMF GDP (nominal) for Africa (Region)]</ref>||3,191,052||2022
|-
|8||align=left|'''{{BRA}}'''<ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2011&locations=BR&start=1960 World Bank's GDP (Nominal) Data for Brazil]</ref>||2,616,156||2011
|-
|9||align=left|'''{{ITA}}'''||2,543,677||2025
|-
|10||align=left|'''{{RUS}}'''||2,540,656||2025
|-
|11||align=left|'''{{CAN}}'''||2,283,599||2025
|-
|12||align=left|'''{{KOR}}'''||1,942,314||2021
|-
|13||align=left|{{ESP}}||1,891,371||2025
|-
|14||align=left|'''{{MEX}}'''||1,862,740||2025
|-
|15||align=left|'''{{AUS}}'''||1,829,508||2025
|-
|16||align=left|'''{{TUR}}'''||1,565,471||2025
|-
|17||align=left|'''{{IDN}}'''||1,443,256||2025
|-
|18||align=left|{{NED}}||1,320,635||2025
|-
|19||align=left|'''{{SAU}}'''||1,268,535||2025
|-
|20||align=left|{{POL}}||1,039,619||2025
|-
|21||align=left|{{CHE}}||1,002,666||2025
|-
|22||align=left|{{TWN}}||884,387||2025
|-
|23||align=left|{{NGA}}||811,134||2014
|-
|24||align=left|{{IRN}}||722,130||2011
|-
|25||align=left|{{BEL}}||716,980||2025
|-
|26||align=left|{{IRL}}||708,771||2025
|-
|27||align=left|'''{{ARG}}'''||683,371||2025
|-
|28||align=left|{{SWE}}||662,318||2025
|-
|29||align=left|{{ISR}}||610,752||2025
|-
|30||align=left|{{NOR}}||596,298||2022
|}
|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right"
|-
! style="width:2em;" | Rank !! Country !! Value !! {{nowrap|Peak year}}
|-
|—||align=left|'''''[[World]]'''''<ref name="IMF World & EU" />||208,956,282||2025
|-
|1||align=left|'''{{CHN}}'''||41,015,824||2025
|-
|2||align=left|'''{{USA}}'''||30,615,743||2025
|-
|—||align=left|{{nowrap|'''''{{EU}}'''''<ref name="IMF World & EU" />}}||29,239,754||2025
|-
|3||align=left|'''{{IND}}'''||17,714,186||2025
|-
|—||align=left|'''''{{flag|African Union}}'''''<ref>[https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD/AFQ IMF GDP (PPP) for Africa (Region)]</ref>||11,579,393||2025
|-
|4||align=left|'''{{RUS}}'''||7,143,093||2025
|-
|5||align=left|'''{{JPN}}'''||6,758,231||2025
|-
|6||align=left|'''{{DEU}}'''||6,153,741||2025
|-
|7||align=left|'''{{IDN}}'''||5,015,762||2025
|-
|8||align=left|'''{{BRA}}'''||4,973,385||2025
|-
|9||align=left|'''{{FRA}}'''||4,533,633||2025
|-
|10||align=left|'''{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}'''||4,454,716||2025
|-
|11||align=left|'''{{TUR}}'''<ref name="WBGDPPPP">{{Cite web |url=https://datacatalogfiles.worldbank.org/ddh-published/0038129/DR0046438/GDP_PPP.pdf?versionId=2024-07-01T12:42:31.4736462Z|title=Peak GDP (PPP) by the World Bank for Turkey|access-date=2025-11-16}}</ref>||3,767,230||2023
|-
|12||align=left|'''{{ITA}}'''||3,720,271||2025
|-
|13||align=left|'''{{MEX}}'''||3,436,930||2025
|-
|14||align=left|'''{{KOR}}'''||3,363,419||2025
|-
|15||align=left|{{ESP}}||2,828,510||2025
|-
|16||align=left|'''{{CAN}}'''||2,722,795||2025
|-
|17||align=left|'''{{SAU}}'''||2,688,520||2025
|-
|18||align=left|{{EGY}}||2,381,507||2025
|-
|19||align=left|{{NGA}}||2,254,167||2025
|-
|20||align=left|{{POL}}||2,019,780||2025
|-
|21||align=left|{{TWN}}||1,990,268||2025
|-
|22||align=left|'''{{AUS}}'''||1,981,672||2025
|-
|23||align=left|{{IRN}}||1,878,892||2025
|-
|24||align=left|{{THA}}||1,853,771||2025
|-
|25||align=left|{{VNM}}||1,807,050||2025
|-
|26||align=left|{{BAN}}||1,782,105||2025
|-
|27||align=left|{{PAK}}||1,671,381||2025
|-
|28||align=left|{{NLD}}||1,516,663||2025
|-
|29||align=left|'''{{ARG}}'''||1,490,164||2025
|-
|30||align=left|{{MYS}}||1,478,139||2025
|}
|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right"
|-
! style="width:2em;" | Rank !! Country !! Value !! {{nowrap|Peak year}}
|-
|1||align=left|{{MON}}||256,581||2023
|-
|2||align=left|{{LIE}}||231,713||2025
|-
|3||align=left|{{LUX}}||146,818||2025
|-
|4||align=left|{{BMU}}||138,935||2024
|-
|5||align=left|{{IRL}}||129,132||2025
|-
|6||align=left|{{CHE}}||111,047||2025
|-
|7||align=left|{{NOR}}||109,270||2022
|-
|8||align=left|{{QAT}}||108,470||2012
|-
|9||align=left|{{ISL}}||98,150||2025
|-
|10||align=left|{{nowrap|{{CAY}}}}||97,750||2023
|-
|11||align=left|{{SGP}}||94,481||2025
|-
|12||align=left|{{IMN}}||94,300||2021
|-
|13||align=left|'''{{USA}}'''||89,599||2025
|-
|14||align=left|{{MAC}}||88,311||2014
|-
|15|| align="left"|{{SMR}}||79,110||2008
|-
|16||align=left|{{DEN}}||76,581||2025
|-
|17||align=left|{{nowrap|{{Flagicon|Channel Islands}} [[Channel Islands]]}}||74,589||2023
|-
|18||align=left|{{NED}}||73,174||2025
|-
|19||align=left|{{FRO}}||71,774||2023
|-
|20||align=left|'''{{AUS}}'''||68,481||2012
|-
|21||align=left|{{SWE}}||62,036||2025
|-
|22||align=left|{{AUT}}||61,694||2025
|-
|23||align=left|{{BEL}}||60,418||2025
|-
|24||align=left|{{ISR}}||60,009||2025
|-
|25||align=left|'''{{DEU}}'''||59,925||2025
|-
|26||align=left|{{GRL}}||58,499||2023
|-
|27||align=left|{{BRU}}||58,005||1980
|-
|28||align=left|{{HKG}}||56,844||2025
|-
|29||align=left|{{nowrap|'''{{GBR}}'''}}||56,661||2025
|-
|30||align=left|'''{{CAN}}'''||56,358||2022
|}
|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right"
|-
! style="width:2em;" | Rank !! Country !! Value !! {{nowrap|Peak year}}
|-
|1||align=left|{{MON}}||270,100||2024
|-
|2||align=left|{{LIE}}||210,600||2024
|-
|3||align=left|{{QAT}}||180,939||2012
|-
|4||align=left|{{SGP}}||156,969||2025
|-
|5||align=left|{{LUX}}||152,395||2025
|-
|6||align=left|{{MAC}}||149,794||2013
|-
|7||align=left|{{IRL}}||147,878||2025
|-
|8||align=left|{{NOR}}||123,150||2022
|-
|9||align=left|{{BMU}}||119,719||2024
|-
|10||align=left|{{nowrap|{{UAE}}}}||104,995||2006
|-
|11||align=left|{{CHE}}||97,659||2025
|-
|12||align=left|{{BRU}}||94,472||2025
|-
|13||align=left|{{GUY}}||94,189||2025
|-
|14||align=left|{{KUW}}||91,435||2007
|-
|15||align=left|'''{{USA}}'''||89,599||2025
|-
|16||align=left|{{CAY}}||86,689||2023
|-
|17||align=left|{{TWN}}||85,127||2025
|-
|18||align=left|{{DEN}}||84,763||2025
|-
|19||align=left|{{IMN}}<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/isle-of-man/ GDP (PPP) per capita for the Isle of Man]</ref>||84,600||2014
|-
|20||align=left|{{NED}}||84,566||2025
|-
|21||align=left|{{SMR}}||82,886||2025
|-
|22||align=left|{{ISL}}||80,466||2025
|-
|23||align=left|{{HKG}}||78,919||2025
|-
|24||align=left|{{GRL}}||78,841||2023
|-
|25||align=left|{{MLT}}||78,711||2025
|-
|26||align=left|{{FRO}}||78,165||2023
|-
|27||align=left|{{BEL}}||75,882||2025
|-
|28||align=left|{{AND}}||74,939||2024
|-
|29||align=left|{{AUT}}||74,852||2025
|-
|30||align=left|'''{{SAU}}'''||74,668||2025
|}
|- valign="top"
| colspan=4 |
|}

===Twenty largest economies in the world by nominal GDP===
{{Main|List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)}}
{{-}}
{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible <!--mw-collapsed-->" style="text-align: left"
|-
!style="text-align:center;" colspan="12"|The following is a list of the twenty largest economies by nominal GDP at peak value as of the specific year, according to the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref name="IMF Data" />
|-
!Rank!!1980!!1985!!1990!!1995!!2000!!2005!!2010!!2015!!2020!!2025!!2030
|-
|1||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}
|-
|2||{{JPN}}||{{USSR}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}
|-
|3||{{USSR}}||{{JPN}}||{{USSR}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{IND}}
|-
|4||{{FRG}}||{{FRG}}||{{FRG}}||{{FRA}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{JPN}}
|-
|5||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{FRA}}||{{CHN}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{UK}}}}||{{IND}}||{{DEU}}
|-
|6||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{nowrap|{{UK}}}}||{{nowrap|{{UK}}}}
|-
|7||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{BRA}}||{{CHN}}||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{BRA}}||{{IND}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}
|-
|8||{{CHN}}||{{CAN}}||{{IRN}}||{{CHN}}||{{BRA}}||{{CAN}}||{{BRA}}||{{ITA}}||{{BRA}}||{{BRA}}||{{ITA}}
|-
|9||{{CAN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CAN}}||{{IRN}}||{{CAN}}||{{ESP}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{CAN}}
|-
|10||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{ESP}}||{{ESP}}||{{MEX}}||{{KOR}}||{{IND}}||{{IND}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}
|-
!Rank!!1980!!1985!!1990!!1995!!2000!!2005!!2010!!2015!!2020!!2025!!2030
|-
|11||{{ARG}}||{{ARG}}||{{CHN}}||{{CAN}}||{{IRN}}||{{MEX}}||{{ESP}}||{{CAN}}||{{CAN}}||{{CAN}}||{{BRA}}
|-
|12||{{ESP}}||{{IND}}||{{BRA}}||{{KOR}}||{{ESP}}||{{BRA}}||{{CAN}}||{{ESP}}||{{KOR}}||{{KOR}}||{{MEX}}
|-
|13||{{NED}}||{{ESP}}||{{AUS}}||{{RUS}}||{{KOR}}||{{IND}}||{{AUS}}||{{AUS}}||{{ESP}}||{{MEX}}||{{ESP}}
|-
|14||{{IND}}||{{BRA}}||{{NED}}||{{MEX}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}||{{KOR}}||{{KOR}}||{{AUS}}||{{ESP}}||{{AUS}}
|-
|15||{{SAU}}||{{IRN}}||{{IND}}||{{NED}}||{{IND}}||{{AUS}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{AUS}}||{{KOR}}
|-
|16||{{AUS}}||{{AUS}}||{{MEX}}||{{AUS}}||{{NED}}||{{IRN}}||{{NED}}||{{TUR}}||{{IDN}}||{{TUR}}||{{IDN}}
|-
|17||{{BRA}}||{{NED}}||{{KOR}}||{{IND}}||{{AUS}}||{{NED}}||{{TUR}}||{{NED}}||{{TUR}}||{{IDN}}||{{TUR}}
|-
|18||{{SWE}}||{{SAU}}||{{CHE}}||{{CHE}}||{{CHE}}||{{TUR}}||{{IDN}}||{{IDN}}||{{NED}}||{{NED}}||{{NED}}
|-
|19||{{BEL}}||{{NGR}}||{{SWE}}||{{ARG}}||{{ARG}}||{{CHE}}||{{IRN}}||{{NGR}}||{{SAU}}||{{SAU}}||{{SAU}}
|-
|20||{{CHE}}||{{SWE}}||{{ARG}}||{{BEL}}||{{TWN}}||{{SWE}}||{{CHE}}||{{SAU}}||{{NGR}}||{{POL}}||{{POL}}
|}

===Twenty largest economies in the world by GDP (PPP)===

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible <!--mw-collapsed-->" style="text-align: left"
|-
!style="text-align:center;" colspan="12"|List of twenty largest economies by GDP based on [[purchasing power parity]] at peak value as of the specific year according to the [[International Monetary Fund]] and the ''[[The World Factbook|CIA World Factbook]]''.<ref name="IMF Data" /><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2001.html|title = GDP (PURCHASING POWER PARITY)|date = 2014|access-date = 7 October 2014|website = CIA World Factbook|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140625150555/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2001.html|archive-date = 25 June 2014|df = mdy-all}}</ref>
|-
!Rank!!1980!!1985!!1990!!1995!!2000!!2005!!2010!!2015!!2020!!2025!!2030
|-
|1||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}
|-
|2||{{USSR}}||{{USSR}}||{{USSR}}||{{JPN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}||{{CHN}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}||{{USA}}
|-
|3||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{CHN}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{IND}}||{{IND}}||{{IND}}||{{IND}}||{{IND}}
|-
|4||{{FRG}}||{{FRG}}||{{FRG}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{IND}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}
|-
|5||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{RUS}}||{{IND}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}||{{JPN}}||{{JPN}}
|-
|6||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{IND}}||{{ITA}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}||{{RUS}}||{{DEU}}||{{DEU}}
|-
|7||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{CHN}}||{{ITA}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{BRA}}||{{BRA}}||{{FRA}}||{{IDN}}||{{IDN}}
|-
|8||{{BRA}}||{{BRA}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{FRA}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{ITA}}||{{FRA}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{BRA}}||{{BRA}}||{{BRA}}
|-
|9||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{IND}}||{{BRA}}||{{RUS}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{FRA}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{FRA}}||{{FRA}}
|-
|10||{{IND}}||{{IND}}||{{BRA}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{BRA}}||{{BRA}}||{{ITA}}||{{IDN}}||{{IDN}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}||{{nowrap|{{GBR}}}}
|-
!Rank!!1980!!1985!!1990!!1995!!2000!!2005!!2010!!2015!!2020!!2025!!2030
|-
|11||{{ESP}}||{{CHN}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{IDN}}||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}||{{TUR}}||{{TUR}}
|-
|12||{{SAU}}||{{ESP}}||{{ESP}}||{{IDN}}||{{IDN}}||{{IDN}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}||{{ITA}}||{{ITA}}
|-
|13||{{CAN}}||{{CAN}}||{{CAN}}||{{ESP}}||{{ESP}}||{{ESP}}||{{KOR}}||{{TUR}}||{{KOR}}||{{MEX}}||{{MEX}}
|-
|14||{{CHN}}||{{SAU}}||{{IDN}}||{{SAU}}||{{CAN}}||{{KOR}}||{{ESP}}||{{KOR}}||{{TUR}}||{{KOR}}||{{KOR}}
|-
|15||{{ARG}}||{{IDN}}||{{TUR}}||{{CAN}}||{{KOR}}||{{CAN}}||{{SAU}}||{{SAU}}||{{ESP}}||{{ESP}}||{{SAU}}
|-
|16||{{POL}}||{{IRN}}||{{SAU}}||{{KOR}}||{{SAU}}||{{SAU}}||{{IRN}}||{{ESP}}||{{CAN}}||{{CAN}}||{{ESP}}
|-
|17||{{NED}}||{{TUR}}||{{IRN}}||{{TUR}}||{{TUR}}||{{IRN}}||{{CAN}}||{{CAN}}||{{SAU}}||{{SAU}}||{{EGY}}
|-
|18||{{IRN}}||{{ARG}}||{{KOR}}||{{IRN}}||{{IRN}}||{{TUR}}||{{TUR}}||{{IRN}}||{{EGY}}||{{EGY}}||{{CAN}}
|-
|19||{{IDN}}||{{NED}}||{{NED}}||{{UKR}}||{{NED}}||{{AUS}}||{{NGR}}||{{NGR}}||{{NGR}}||{{NGR}}||{{NGR}}
|-
|20||{{TUR}}||{{AUS}}||{{AUS}}||{{THA}}||{{AUS}}||{{THA}}||{{AUS}}||{{THA}}||{{IRN}}||{{POL}}||{{BAN}}
|}

==Statistical indicators==
{{Update|section|date=September 2020|inaccurate=yes|reason=}}

===Finance===
[[File:Map of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita in 2021.svg |thumb |Countries or territories by GDP (PPP) [[per capita]] in 2021.
{| width=100%
|-
| valign=top |
{{Legend|#00008a|>$60,000}}
{{Legend|#003c00|$50,000 – $60,000}}
{{Legend|#008f00|$40,000 – $50,000}}
{{Legend|#00f900|$30,000 – $40,000}}
| valign=top |
{{Legend|#b3ff00|$20,000 – $30,000}}
{{Legend|#ffff00|$10,000 – $20,000}}
{{Legend|#ffd215|$5,000 – $10,000}}
{{Legend|#ff852f|$2,500 – $5,000}}
| valign=top |
{{Legend|#ff0000|$1,000 – $2,500}}
{{Legend|#a30000|<$1,000}}
{{Legend|#b9b9b9|No data}}
|}
]][[File:Countries by total wealth (trillions USD), Credit Suisse.png |thumb |Countries by [[List of countries by total wealth|total wealth]] (trillions USD), Credit Suisse]]
* [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (GWP) (gross world product): (purchasing power parity exchange rates) – $110.06 trillion (2025 estimate)<ref name="IMF Data" />, $117.165 trillion (2023) . The GWP is the combined gross national income of all the countries in the world. When calculating the GWP, add GDP of all countries. Also, GWP shows that imports and exports are equal. Because imports and exports balance exactly when considering the whole world,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG |title=World Bank GWP Growth Rate, 2020 |publisher=WorldBank.org |access-date=11 November 2020 |archive-date=30 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830210157/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ny.gdp.mktp.kd.zg |url-status=live }}</ref> this also equals the total global gross domestic product (GDP). <!-- By user Air-ron1: I couldn't find info for this section due to a lack of time. -->
* [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (GWP) ([[gross world product]]):<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/index.htm |title=IMF World Economic Outlook, Crisis and Recovery, April 2009 |publisher=Imf.org |date=16 April 2009 |access-date=17 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120519174851/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/index.htm |archive-date=19 May 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> (market exchange rates) – $60.69 trillion (2008). The market exchange rates increased from 1990 to 2008. The reason for this increase is the world's advancement in terms of technology.
* GDP<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economic-situation-and-prospects-2018/ |title=World Economic Situation and Prospects 2018 |date=23 January 2018 |publisher=[[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Development Policy and Analysis Division. Table A.3 |access-date=2 March 2018 |isbn=978-92-1-109177-9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303105824/https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economic-situation-and-prospects-2018/ |archive-date=3 March 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> (real growth rate): The following part shows the GDP growth rate and the expected value after one year.
** Developed Economies. A developed country, industrialized country, more developed country (MDC), or more economically developed country (MEDC), is a sovereign state that has a developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for evaluating the degree of economic development are gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), the per capita income, level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living. Which criteria are to be used and which countries can be classified as being developed are subjects of debate. The GDP of the developed countries is predicted to fall from 2.2% in 2017 to 2.0% in 2018 due to the fall in dollar value.
** Developing Countries. A developing country is a country with a less developed industrial base (industries) and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries. However, this definition is not universally agreed upon. There is also no clear agreement on which countries fit this category. A nation's GDP per capita, compared with other nations, can also be a reference point. In general, the United Nations accepts any country's claim of itself being "developing". The GDP of the developing countries is expected to rise from 4.3% in 2017 to 4.6% in 2018 due to political stability in those countries and advancement in technology.
** Least developed countries. The least developed countries (LDCs) is a list of developing countries that, according to the United Nations, exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world. The concept of LDCs originated in the late 1960s and the first group of LDCs was listed by the UN in its resolution 2768 (XXVI) of 18 November 1971. This is a group of countries that are expected to improve their GDP from 4.8% in 2017 to 5.4% in 2018. The predicted growth is associated advancement in technology and industrialization of those countries for the past decade.
* GDP – per capita: purchasing power parity – $9,300, €7,500 (2005 est.), $8,200, €6,800 (92) (2003), $7,900, €5,000 (2002)
* World [[median]] income: purchasing power parity $1,041, €950 (1993)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTDECINEQ/Resources/trueworld.pdf |title=True World Income Distribution, 1988 and 1993: First Calculation Based on Household Surveys Alone |author=B. Milanovic |date=January 2002 |access-date=13 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111101164652/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTDECINEQ/Resources/trueworld.pdf |archive-date=1 November 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* GDP – composition by sector: agriculture: 4%; industry: 32%; services: 64% (2004 est.)
* Inflation rate (consumer prices); In economics, inflation is a general rise in the price level in an economy over a period of time, resulting in a sustained drop in the purchasing power of money. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services; consequently, inflation reflects a reduction in the purchasing power per unit of money – a loss of real value in the medium of exchange and unit of account within the economy. The opposite of inflation is deflation, a sustained decrease in the general price level of goods and services. The common measure of inflation is the inflation rate, the annualized percentage change in a general price index, usually the consumer price index, over time. ''national inflation rates vary widely in individual cases, from declining prices in [[economy of Japan|Japan]] to hyperinflation (In economics, hyperinflation is very high and typically accelerating inflation) in several [[third world|Third World]] countries (2003)'': 
** World 2.6% (2017), 2.8% (predicted 2018);<ref name="auto">{{cite book |url = https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economic-situation-and-prospects-2018/ |title = World Economic Situation and Prospects 2018 |date = 23 January 2018 |page = 11 |publisher = [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Development Policy and Analysis Division. Table I.2 |access-date = 2 March 2018 |isbn = 978-92-1-109177-9 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180303105824/https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economic-situation-and-prospects-2018/ |archive-date = 3 March 2018 |url-status = live }}</ref> 
** [[developed countries|Developed Economies]] 1% to 4% typically
** [[developing countries|Developing Countries]] 5% to 60% typically
** [[Least developed countries]] 11.4% (2017), 8.3% (predicted 2018)<ref name="auto"/>
* [[Derivative (finance)|Derivatives]] OTC outstanding notional amount: $601 trillion (Dec 2010) ([http://www.bis.org/statistics/otcder/dt1920a.pdf])
* [[Derivative (finance)|Derivatives]] exchange traded outstanding notional amount: $82 trillion (June 2011) ([http://www.bis.org/publ/qtrpdf/r_qa1109.pdf#page=136])
* Global [[debt]] issuance: $5.187 trillion, €3 trillion (2004), $4.938 trillion, €3.98 trillion (2003), $3.938 trillion (2002) ([[Thomson Financial League Tables]])
* Global [[equity (finance)|equity]] issuance: $505 billion, €450 billion (2004), $388 billion. €320 billion (2003), $319 billion, €250 trillion (2002) ([[Thomson Financial League Tables]])

===Employment===
[[File:World GDP Per Capita 1500 to 2000, Log Scale.png |thumb|World [[GDP]] per capita between 1500 and 2000 (log scale)]]
[[File:World GDP per capita 1500 to 2003.svg |thumb|World [[GDP]] per capita between 1500 and 2003]]
[[File:Gdp accumulated change.png|right|thumb|[[GDP]] increase, 1990–1998 and 1990–2006, in major countries]]
* [[Unemployment]] rate: 8.7% (2009 est.). 30% (2007 est.) combined unemployment and [[underemployment]] in many non-industrialized countries; developed countries typically 4%–12% unemployment.

===Industries===
* Industrial production growth rate: 3% (2002 est.)

===Energy===
[[File:Global primary energy consumption, OWID.svg|thumb |Global primary energy consumption, measured in terawatt-hours (TWh) per year]]
{{Further|World energy supply and consumption|Energy development}}
* Yearly [[electricity]] – production: 21,080,878 GWh (2011 est.),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eia.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/IEDIndex3.cfm?tid=2&pid=2&aid=12|title=International Energy Statistics|access-date=1 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816184850/http://www.eia.gov/CFapps/ipdbproject/IEDIndex3.cfm?tid=2&pid=2&aid=12|archive-date=16 August 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> 15,850,000 GWh (2003 est.), 14,850,000 GWh (2001 est.)
* Yearly electricity – consumption: 14,280,000 GWh (2003 est.), 13,930,000 GWh (2001 est.)
* [[Petroleum|Oil]] – production: {{convert|79650000|oilbbl/d|abbr=on}} (2003 est.), {{convert|75460000|oilbbl/d}} (2001)
* Oil – consumption: {{convert|80100000|oilbbl/d|abbr=on}} (2003 est.), {{convert|76210000|oilbbl/d}} (2001)
* Oil – proved reserves: 1.025 trillion barrel ({{cvt|163|km3}} (2001 est.)
* [[Natural gas]] – production: {{cvt|3,366|km3}} (2012 est.),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eia.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/iedindex3.cfm?tid=3&pid=3&aid=1&cid=regions&syid=2008&eyid=2012&unit=BCF|title=International Energy Statistics|access-date=1 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081740/http://www.eia.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/iedindex3.cfm?tid=3&pid=3&aid=1&cid=regions&syid=2008&eyid=2012&unit=BCF|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> {{cvt|2,569|km3}} (2001 est.)
* Natural gas – consumption: {{cvt|2,556|km3}} (2001 est.)
* Natural gas – proved reserves: {{cvt|161,200|km3}} (1 January 2002)

===Cross-border===
* Yearly exports: $12.4 trillion, €11.05 trillion (2009 est.)
* Exports – commodities: the whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and services
* Exports – partners: US 12.7%, Germany 7.1%, China 6.2%, France 4.4%, Japan 4.2%, UK 4.1% (2008)
* Yearly imports: $12.29 trillion, €10.95 trillion (2009 est.)
* Imports – commodities: the whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and services
* Imports – partners: China 10.3%, Germany 8.6%, US 8.1%, Japan 5% (2008)
* Debt – external: $56.9 trillion, €40 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)

===Gift economy===
* Annual international aid: [[Official Development Assistance]] (ODA) of $204 billion (2022)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/ODA-2022-summary.pdf|title=ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data|publisher=OECD|date=2023-04-12|access-date=2024-01-24}}</ref>

===Communications===
Telephones – main lines in use: 843,923,500 (2007)<br />4,263,367,600 (2008)
* Telephones – mobile cellular: 3,300,000,000 (Nov. 2007)<ref name="reuters50">[http://investing.reuters.co.uk/news/articleinvesting.aspx?type=media&storyID=nL29172095 global cellphone penetration reaches 50 percent] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217165448/http://investing.reuters.co.uk/news/articleinvesting.aspx?type=media&storyID=nL29172095 |date=17 December 2008 }}</ref>
* [[Internet Service Providers]] (ISPs): 10,350 (2000 est.)
* [[Internet]] users: 3,079,339,857 (31 December 2014 [http://www.internetworldstats.com]), 360,985,492 (31 December 2000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm |title=World Internet Usage Statistics News and World Population Stats |publisher=Internetworldstats.com |access-date=8 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623200007/http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm |archive-date=23 June 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>)

===Transport===
{{See also|Transport#Economic|Category:Transport infrastructure}}
Transportation infrastructure worldwide includes:
* [[Airports]]
** Total: 41,821 (2013)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2053.html|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|access-date=1 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625161845/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2053.html|archive-date=25 June 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* [[Roadway]]s 
** Total: {{cvt|32,345,165|km}}
** Paved: {{cvt|19,403,061|km}}
** Unpaved: {{cvt|12,942,104|km}} (2002)
* [[Railways]]
** Total: {{cvt|1,122,650|km}} includes about {{cvt|190,000 to 195,000|km}} of electrified routes of which {{cvt|147,760|km}} are in Europe, {{cvt|24,509|km}} in the [[Far East]], {{cvt|11,050|km}} in Africa, {{cvt|4,223|km}} in South America, and {{cvt|4,160|km}} in North America.{{dubious|If it's 4000 km from New York to Los Angeles, it's unlikely there is only 4160 km of railway in North America.|date=December 2016}}

===Military===
* World military expenditure in 2018: estimated to $1.822 trillion<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sipri.org/media/press-release/2019/world-military-expenditure-grows-18-trillion-2018|title=3. Military expenditure - SIPRI|access-date=1 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525090854/https://www.sipri.org/yearbook/2013/03|archive-date=25 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Military expenditures – percent of [[Gross domestic product|GDP]]: roughly 2% of gross world product (1999).
{{Military spending top 25 countries}}

===Science, research and development===
{{See also|List of sovereign states by research and development spending|Economics of science|Innovation}}
[[File:Scientific and technical journal publications per million residents, OWID.svg|thumb |Number of scientific or technical journal article publications per million residents as of 2013.]]
The [[Royal Society]] in a 2011 report stated that in terms of [[Scientometrics|number of papers]] the share of English-language scientific research papers the United States was first followed by China, the UK, Germany, Japan, France, and Canada.<ref name="guardian">[https://www.theguardian.com/science/2011/mar/28/china-us-publisher-scientific-papers China poised to overhaul US as biggest publisher of scientific papers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030202340/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2011/mar/28/china-us-publisher-scientific-papers |date=2020-10-30 }}, Alok Jha, Monday 28 March 2011, The Guardian</ref> In 2015, [[research and development]] constituted an average 2.2% of the [[global GDP]] according to the [[UNESCO Institute for Statistics]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS|title=Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) {{!}} Data|website=data.worldbank.org|language=en-us|access-date=12 December 2017|archive-date=19 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519013757/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS|url-status=live}}</ref> Metrics and rankings of innovation include the [[Bloomberg Innovation Index]], the [[Global Innovation Index]] and the [[List of countries by Nobel laureates per capita|share of Nobel laureates per capita]].

===Resources and environment===
{{See also|Primary sector of the economy|Sustainable development|Economic impacts of climate change|Environmental resource management#Economics|Planetary management|Agriculture|Overexploitation|Overconsumption|Ecosystem service}}
{{Further |2021 in the environment and environmental sciences#International goals}}
[[File:Relative change in main global economic and environmental indicators from 1970 to 2017.webp |thumb |Shown is how the global material footprint and global CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel combustion and industrial processes changed compared with global GDP.<ref name="gdp-affluence">{{cite journal |author1=Thomas Wiedmann |author2=Manfred Lenzen |author3=Lorenz T. Keyßer |author4=[[Julia Steinberger]]|title=Scientists' warning on affluence |journal=Nature Communications |date=19 June 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3107 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-16941-y |pmid=32561753 |pmc=7305220 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3107W |doi-access=free }} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]]  Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/  Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016050101/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |date=2017-10-16 }}.</ref>]]
[[File:8000 BCE+ Loss of forest and grassland to grazing and crops.svg |thumb |The period since 1950 has brought "the most rapid transformation of the human relationship with the natural world in the history of humankind".<ref name=IGBP_Steffen_2004>{{cite web |last1=Steffen |first1=Will |last2=Sanderson |first2=Angelina |last3=Tyson |first3=Peter |last4=Jäger |first4=Jill |last5=Matson |first5=Pamela |last6=Moore III |first6=Berrien |last7=Oldfield |first7=Frank |last8=Richardson |first8=Katherine |last9=Schellnhuber |first9=H. John |last10=Turner II |first10=B. L. |last11=Wasson |first11=Robert J. |display-authors=4 |title=Global Change and the Climate System / A Planet Under Pressure |url=http://www.igbp.net/download/18.56b5e28e137d8d8c09380001694/1376383141875/SpringerIGBPSynthesisSteffenetal2004_web.pdf |publisher=International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319052247/http://www.igbp.net/download/18.56b5e28e137d8d8c09380001694/1376383141875/SpringerIGBPSynthesisSteffenetal2004_web.pdf |archive-date=19 March 2017 |page=133 |date=2004 |quote=Fig. 3.67(j): loss of tropical rainforest and woodland, as estimated for tropical Africa, Latin America and South and Southeast Asia.  |url-status=live}}</ref> Through 2018, humans have reduced forest area by ~30% and grasslands/shrubs by ~68%, to make way for livestock grazing and crops for humans.<ref name=LandUseChange_8000BCE>{{cite web |title=Deforestation and Forest Loss / Humanity destroyed one third of the world's forests by expanding agricultural land |work=Our World in Data |date=4 February 2021 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/deforestation |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221107180838/https://ourworldindata.org/deforestation |archive-date=7 November 2022 |quote=Data: Historical data on forests from Williams (2003) - Deforesting the Earth. Historical data on agriculture from The History Database of Global Environment (HYDE). Modern data from the FAO |url-status=live |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah }}</ref>]]
* Forests ([[carbon sink]]s, [[wood]], [[ecosystem services]], ...)
** Estimated number of trees that are net lost annually as of 2021: 10 billion<ref>{{cite news |title=Earth has 3 trillion trees but they're falling at alarming rate |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-science-trees-idUSKCN0R21Z620150902 |access-date=26 May 2020 |work=Reuters |date=2 September 2015 |language=en |archive-date=11 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111230631/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-science-trees-idUSKCN0R21Z620150902 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Carrington |first1=Damian |title=Tree planting 'has mind-blowing potential' to tackle climate crisis |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jul/04/planting-billions-trees-best-tackle-climate-crisis-scientists-canopy-emissions |website=The Guardian |access-date=26 May 2020 |date=4 July 2019 |archive-date=5 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705170611/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jul/04/planting-billions-trees-best-tackle-climate-crisis-scientists-canopy-emissions |url-status=live }}</ref>
** Global annual deforested land in 2015–2020: 10 million hectares
** Global annual net forest area loss in 2000–2010 : 4.7 million hectares<ref>[[Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA)|Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020]]: {{cite web |title=Global Forest Resource Assessment 2020 |url=http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/ |website=www.fao.org |access-date=26 May 2020 |language=en |archive-date=20 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520105408/http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Other [[land degradation]] and land- and organisms-related ecosystem disturbances
** Soils (carbon sink, ecosystem services, food production, ...)
*** [[Soil erosion]] by water in 2012: almost 36 billion tons (based on a high resolution global potential soil erosion model developed in 2017)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Borrelli|first1=Pasquale|last2=Robinson|first2=David A.|last3=Fleischer|first3=Larissa R.|last4=Lugato|first4=Emanuele|last5=Ballabio|first5=Cristiano|last6=Alewell|first6=Christine|last7=Meusburger|first7=Katrin|last8=Modugno|first8=Sirio|last9=Schütt|first9=Brigitta|date=8 December 2017|title=An assessment of the global impact of 21st century land use change on soil erosion|journal=Nature Communications|language=En|volume=8|issue=1|page=2013|doi=10.1038/s41467-017-02142-7|pmid=29222506|pmc=5722879|issn=2041-1723|bibcode=2017NatCo...8.2013B}}</ref>
*** Estimated annual loss of agricultural productivity due to soil erosion: 8 billion US dollars (based on the soil erosion data)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sartori|first1=Martina|last2=Philippidis|first2=George|last3=Ferrari|first3=Emanuele|last4=Borrelli|first4=Pasquale|last5=Lugato|first5=Emanuele|last6=Montanarella|first6=Luca|last7=Panagos|first7=Panos|date=July 2019|title=A linkage between the biophysical and the economic: Assessing the global market impacts of soil erosion|journal=Land Use Policy|language=en|volume=86|pages=299–312|doi=10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.05.014|doi-access=free|bibcode=2019LUPol..86..299S |hdl=10532/4661|hdl-access=free}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]]  Text and images are available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/  Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016050101/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |date=2017-10-16 }}.</ref>
*** Soil erosion by water in 2015: approximately 43 billion tons (according to a 2020 study)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Borrelli |first1=Pasquale |last2=Robinson |first2=David A. |last3=Panagos |first3=Panos |last4=Lugato |first4=Emanuele |last5=Yang |first5=Jae E. |last6=Alewell |first6=Christine |last7=Wuepper |first7=David |last8=Montanarella |first8=Luca |last9=Ballabio |first9=Cristiano |title=Land use and climate change impacts on global soil erosion by water (2015-2070) |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=24 August 2020 |volume=117 |issue=36 |pages=21994–22001 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2001403117 |pmid=32839306 |pmc=7486701 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11721994B |language=en |issn=0027-8424|doi-access=free }}</ref>
*** [[Environmental impact of pesticides]]
**** Pesticide use in tonnes of active ingredient in Australia in 2016: ca. 62,500 tonnes<ref>{{cite web |last1=Roser |first1=Max |title=Pesticides |url=https://ourworldindata.org/pesticides |website=Our World in Data |access-date=21 September 2020 |date=13 October 2019 |archive-date=19 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919230139/https://ourworldindata.org/pesticides |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Oceans (ecosystem services, food production, ...): [[Blue economy]]
* Waste and [[environmental pollution|pollution]] (effects of economic mechanisms, effects on ecosystem services)
** As of 2018, about 380 million tonnes of plastic is produced worldwide each year. From the 1950s up to 2018, an estimated 6.3 billion tonnes of plastic has been produced worldwide, of which an estimated 9% has been recycled and another 12% has been incinerated with the rest reportedly being "[[plastic pollution|dumped in landfills or the natural environment]]".<ref>{{cite news |title=The known unknowns of plastic pollution |url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21737498-so-far-it-seems-less-bad-other-kinds-pollution-about-which-less-fuss-made |access-date=17 June 2018 |newspaper=The Economist |date=3 March 2018 |archive-date=14 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514130106/https://www.economist.com/news/international/21737498-so-far-it-seems-less-bad-other-kinds-pollution-about-which-less-fuss-made |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Air pollution]]
*** Number of human deaths caused annually by air pollution worldwide: ca. 7 million<ref name="WHO2014">{{cite web | url =https://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/air-pollution/en/| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20140326015904/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/air-pollution/en/| archive-date =March 26, 2014| title =7 million premature deaths annually linked to air pollution |publisher =[[WHO]]|date=25 March 2014| access-date =25 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/WorldEnergyOutlookSpecialReport2016EnergyandAirPollution.pdf|title=Energy and Air Pollution|website=Iea.org|access-date=12 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011100229/http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/WorldEnergyOutlookSpecialReport2016EnergyandAirPollution.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Study Links 6.5 Million Deaths Each Year to Air Pollution |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/27/business/energy-environment/study-links-6-5-million-deaths-each-year-to-air-pollution.html |date=26 June 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=27 June 2016 |archive-date=27 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160627051846/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/27/business/energy-environment/study-links-6-5-million-deaths-each-year-to-air-pollution.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
*** Estimated global annual cost of air pollution: $5 trillion<ref name="documents.worldbank.org">Study by the [[World Bank]] and the [[Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation]] (IHME) at the [[University of Washington]]: {{Cite book|url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/781521473177013155/pdf/108141-REVISED-Cost-of-PollutionWebCORRECTEDfile.pdf|title=The Cost of Air Pollution: Strengthening the Economic Case for Action|last1=World Bank|last2=Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at University of Washington – Seattle|publisher=The World Bank|year=2016|location=Washington, D.C.|page=xii|no-pp=y|access-date=2020-09-21|archive-date=2020-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528132508/http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/781521473177013155/pdf/108141-REVISED-Cost-of-PollutionWebCORRECTEDfile.pdf|url-status=live}}<!-- License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO --></ref><ref name="commondreams.org">{{Cite news|url=https://www.commondreams.org/news/2016/09/08/making-case-clean-air-world-bank-says-pollution-cost-global-economy-5-trillion|title=Making Case for Clean Air, World Bank Says Pollution Cost Global Economy $5 Trillion|last=McCauley|first=Lauren|date=8 September 2016|access-date=3 February 2018|publisher=[[Common Dreams]]|archive-date=14 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914120040/https://www.commondreams.org/news/2016/09/08/making-case-clean-air-world-bank-says-pollution-cost-global-economy-5-trillion|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Fortune2018">{{Cite journal|last=<!--no byline-->|date=1 February 2018|title=The Rising Cost of Smog|url=<!--paper copy, url not determined-->|journal=Fortune|page=15|issn=0015-8259}}</ref>
** [[Microplastics|Microplastic pollution]]
*** Estimated accumulated number of microplastic particles in the North Atlantic Ocean in 2014: 15 to 51 trillion particles, weighing between 93,000 and 236,000 metric tons<ref name="microplastic">{{cite journal |title=Are we underestimating microplastic abundance in the marine environment? A comparison of microplastic capture with nets of different mesh-size |journal=Environmental Pollution |date=1 October 2020 |volume=265 |article-number=114721 |doi=10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114721|language=en |issn=0269-7491|doi-access=free |last1=Lindeque |first1=Penelope K. |last2=Cole |first2=Matthew |last3=Coppock |first3=Rachel L. |last4=Lewis |first4=Ceri N. |last5=Miller |first5=Rachael Z. |last6=Watts |first6=Andrew J.R. |last7=Wilson-Mcneal |first7=Alice |last8=Wright |first8=Stephanie L. |last9=Galloway |first9=Tamara S. |issue=Pt A |pmid=32806407 |bibcode=2020EPoll.26514721L |hdl=10044/1/84083 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
*** Estimated accumulated number of microplastic particles in the North Atlantic Ocean in 2020: 3700 microplastics per cubic meter<ref name="microplastic"/>
{{Incomplete list|date=September 2020}}<!--please do not include projections like for the other sections-->

From the scientific perspective, economic activities are embedded in a web of dynamic, interrelated, and interdependent activities that constitute the natural [[systems theory|system]] of Earth. Novel application of [[cybernetics]] in [[decision-making]] (such as in decision-making related to process- and product-design and related laws) and direction of human activity (such as economic activity) may make it easier to control modern ecological problems.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Božičnik |first1=Stane |last2=Mulej |first2=Matjaž |title=A new – 4th order cybernetics and sustainable future |journal=Kybernetes |date=1 January 2011 |volume=40 |issue=5/6 |pages=670–684 |doi=10.1108/03684921111142232 |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/03684921111142232/full/html |access-date=21 September 2020 |issn=0368-492X |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414062618/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/03684921111142232/full/html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

== Historical development ==
{{Further|History of globalization|Broad measures of economic progress}}
[[File:2010.09.27-LSE-Research-Danny.Quah-Map.png|thumb|Shift of the world's economic center of gravity since 1980 and projected until 2050<ref name="Quah 2011 pp. 3–9">{{cite journal | last=Quah | first=Danny | title=The Global Economy's Shifting Centre of Gravity | journal=Global Policy | publisher=Wiley | volume=2 | issue=1 | year=2011 | issn=1758-5880 | doi=10.1111/j.1758-5899.2010.00066.x | pages=3–9| s2cid=55154148 | doi-access=free }}</ref>]]
{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible <!--mw-collapsed-->"
|-
!style="text-align:center;" colspan="4"|Estimations of world population and [[GDP]] from a 2020 research paper<ref>{{Cite web|last=Roodman|first=David|date=2020|title=Modelling the Human Trajectory|url=https://www.openphilanthropy.org/sites/default/files/Modeling-the-human-trajectory.pdf|website=p 29|access-date=2020-07-19|archive-date=2020-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719092553/https://www.openphilanthropy.org/sites/default/files/Modeling-the-human-trajectory.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
!Year
!Population<br />(million)
!GDP per capita <br />($1990  in PPP)
!GDP in billion <br />($1990  in PPP)
|-
|1000000 BCE
|0.125
|400
|0.05
|-
|300000 BCE 
|1
|400
|0.40
|-
|25000 BCE
|3.34
|400
|1.34
|-
|10000 BCE
|4
|400
|1.60
|-
|5000 BCE
|5
|404
|2.02
|-
|4000 BCE
|7
|409
|2.87
|-
|3000 BCE
|14
|421
|5.90
|-
|2000 BCE
|27
|433
|11.7
|-
|1000 BCE
|50
|444
|22.2
|-
|500 BCE
|100
|457
|45.7
|-
|200 BCE
|150
|465
|69.7
|-
|1 
|168
|467
|78.4
|-
|200
|190
|463
|88.0
|-
|400
|190
|463
|88.0
|-
|500
|190
|463
|88.0
|-
|600
|200
|462
|92.3
|-
|700
|210
|460
|96.6
|-
|800
|220
|459
|101
|-
|900
|240
|456
|109
|-
|1000
|265
|453
|120
|-
|1100
|320
|512
|164
|-
|1200
|360
|551
|198
|-
|1300
|360
|551
|198
|-
|1400
|350
|541
|190
|-
|1500
|438
|625
|274
|-
|1600
|556
|629
|350
|-
|1700
|603
|658
|397
|-
|1820
|1,042
|712
|741
|-
|1870
|1,276
|884
|1,128
|-
|1900
|1,563
|
|
|-
|1913
|1,793
|1,543
|2,767
|-
|1920
|1,863
|
|
|-
|1940
|2,299
|2,181
|5,013
|-
|1950
|2,528
|2,104
|5,318
|-
|1960
|3,042
|2,764
|12,170
|-
|1970
|3,691
|3,725
|13,751
|-
|1980
|4,440
|4,511
|20,026
|-
|1990
|5,269
|5,149
|27,133
|-
|2000
|6,077
|6,057
|36,806
|-
|2010
|6,873
|7,814
|53,704
|-
|2019
|7,620
|9,663
|73,640
|}
Per the MSCI All Country World Index, the breakdown of market sector is as follows:<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.msci.com/research-and-insights/visualizing-investment-data/regional-breakdown-of-market-sectors-over-time | title=The Regional Breakdown of Market Sectors over Time }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; text-align:right"
! style="width:2em;" | Sector !!  2012 !! 2022
|-style="font--3weight:bold;background:#f0f0f0"
|-
|Energy||10.7||4.4
|-
|Materials||8.2||5.5
|-
|Industrials||11.5||10.6
|-
|Consumer Discretionary||11.2||11.7
|-
|Consumer Staples||9.4||6.6
|-
|Healthcare||8.8||11.6
|-
|Financials||19.5||14.4
|-
|Information Technology||13.1||21.2
|-
|Communication Service||4.0||7.5
|-
|Utilities||3.6||2.9
|-
|Real Estate||||3.6
|}

One example for a comparable metric other than GDP are the [[OECD Better Life Index]] rankings for different aggregative domains.

{|border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%;" class="wikitable mw-collapsible <!--mw-collapsed-->"
|-
!style="text-align:center;" colspan="4"|Legend
|-
|valign="top"|
{{Legend|#33A392|Explained by: Housing}}
{{Legend|#1FA3E0|Explained by: Income}}
{{Legend|#1A7EBD|Explained by: Jobs}}
|valign="top"|
{{Legend|#D94C5F|Explained by: Community}}
{{Legend|#7FAB3E|Explained by: Education}}
{{Legend|#21A353|Explained by: Environment}}
|valign="top"|
{{Legend|#DEA600|Explained by: Civic engagement}}
{{Legend|#7D3873|Explained by: Health}}
{{Legend|#E36230|Explained by: Life Satisfaction}}
|valign="top"|
{{Legend|#5E5E5E|Explained by: Safety}}
{{Legend|#992826|Explained by: Work-Life Balance}}
|}

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible <!--mw-collapsed-->"
|-
!style="text-align:center;" colspan="13"|[[OECD Better Life Index]] rankings for 2016
|- valign=top
!Overall Rank<br /><ref>{{cite web|author=John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs|url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/happiness-report/2018/WHR_web.pdf|title=2018 World Happiness Report|access-date=29 April 2018|archive-date=18 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318092013/https://s3.amazonaws.com/happiness-report/2018/WHR_web.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
!style="width: 150px;"|Country
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Housing|Explained by: Housing}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Income|Explained by: Income}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Jobs|Explained by: Jobs}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Community|Explained by: Community}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Education|Explained by: Education}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Environment|Explained by: Environment}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Civic engagement|Explained by: Civic engagement}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Health|Explained by: Health}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Life Satisfaction|Explained by: Life Satisfaction}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Safety|Explained by: Safety}}
!style="width: 10px;"|{{abbr|Work-Life Balance|Explained by: Work-Life Balance}}
|-
|1
|{{NOR}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.0"|{{Percentage bar|90||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.7"|{{Percentage bar|77||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="10.0"|{{Percentage bar|100||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.5"|{{Percentage bar|55||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.5"|{{Percentage bar|85||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="10.0"|{{Percentage bar|100||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.8"|{{Percentage bar|98||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.7"|{{Percentage bar|87||992826|width=50}}
|-
|2
|{{AUS}}
|data-sort-value="7.4"|{{Percentage bar|74||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.4"|{{Percentage bar|84||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.5"|{{Percentage bar|85||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.7"|{{Percentage bar|97||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.6"|{{Percentage bar|86||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.4"|{{Percentage bar|94||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.9"|{{Percentage bar|89||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.2"|{{Percentage bar|72||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.9"|{{Percentage bar|59||992826|width=50}}
|-
|3
|{{DNK}}
|data-sort-value="5.7"|{{Percentage bar|57||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.4"|{{Percentage bar|44||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.5"|{{Percentage bar|85||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.7"|{{Percentage bar|87||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.7"|{{Percentage bar|87||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.7"|{{Percentage bar|97||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.5"|{{Percentage bar|95||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.1"|{{Percentage bar|91||992826|width=50}}
|-
|4
|{{CHE}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.4"|{{Percentage bar|94||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.4"|{{Percentage bar|34||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.1"|{{Percentage bar|91||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.9"|{{Percentage bar|99||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.7"|{{Percentage bar|97||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||992826|width=50}}
|-
|5
|{{CAN}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.6"|{{Percentage bar|56||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.4"|{{Percentage bar|84||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.2"|{{Percentage bar|72||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.6"|{{Percentage bar|96||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.3"|{{Percentage bar|93||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.0"|{{Percentage bar|90||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.2"|{{Percentage bar|72||992826|width=50}}
|-
|6
|{{SWE}}
|data-sort-value="6.5"|{{Percentage bar|65||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.5"|{{Percentage bar|95||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.0"|{{Percentage bar|90||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.8"|{{Percentage bar|88||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.6"|{{Percentage bar|86||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.5"|{{Percentage bar|85||992826|width=50}}
|-
|7
|{{NZL}}
|data-sort-value="6.9"|{{Percentage bar|69||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.7"|{{Percentage bar|47||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.3"|{{Percentage bar|83||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="10.0"|{{Percentage bar|100||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.1"|{{Percentage bar|71||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.8"|{{Percentage bar|88||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.6"|{{Percentage bar|96||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.3"|{{Percentage bar|93||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||992826|width=50}}
|-
|8
|{{FIN}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.7"|{{Percentage bar|37||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.3"|{{Percentage bar|93||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.4"|{{Percentage bar|94||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.4"|{{Percentage bar|94||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.4"|{{Percentage bar|94||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||992826|width=50}}
|-
|9
|{{USA}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="10.0"|{{Percentage bar|100||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.4"|{{Percentage bar|84||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.0"|{{Percentage bar|70||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.5"|{{Percentage bar|65||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.9"|{{Percentage bar|89||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||992826|width=50}}
|-
|10
|{{ISL}}
|data-sort-value="5.3"|{{Percentage bar|53||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.6"|{{Percentage bar|46||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.7"|{{Percentage bar|97||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.8"|{{Percentage bar|88||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.7"|{{Percentage bar|97||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.6"|{{Percentage bar|86||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.6"|{{Percentage bar|96||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.8"|{{Percentage bar|88||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.5"|{{Percentage bar|55||992826|width=50}}
|-
|11
|{{NLD}}
|data-sort-value="7.0"|{{Percentage bar|70||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.1"|{{Percentage bar|51||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.4"|{{Percentage bar|84||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.4"|{{Percentage bar|54||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.9"|{{Percentage bar|39||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.3"|{{Percentage bar|83||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.0"|{{Percentage bar|90||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.0"|{{Percentage bar|90||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.4"|{{Percentage bar|94||992826|width=50}}
|-
|12
|{{DEU}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.0"|{{Percentage bar|50||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.9"|{{Percentage bar|49||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.4"|{{Percentage bar|84||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.4"|{{Percentage bar|84||992826|width=50}}
|-
|13
|{{LUX}}
|data-sort-value="6.8"|{{Percentage bar|68||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.9"|{{Percentage bar|69||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.7"|{{Percentage bar|87||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.3"|{{Percentage bar|53||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.8"|{{Percentage bar|68||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.0"|{{Percentage bar|60||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||992826|width=50}}
|-
|14
|{{BEL}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.8"|{{Percentage bar|58||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.6"|{{Percentage bar|56||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.8"|{{Percentage bar|58||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.1"|{{Percentage bar|71||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.4"|{{Percentage bar|74||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.7"|{{Percentage bar|87||992826|width=50}}
|-
|15
|{{AUT}}
|data-sort-value="5.8"|{{Percentage bar|58||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.3"|{{Percentage bar|83||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.4"|{{Percentage bar|74||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.9"|{{Percentage bar|69||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.9"|{{Percentage bar|39||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.7"|{{Percentage bar|77||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.1"|{{Percentage bar|91||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.9"|{{Percentage bar|69||992826|width=50}}
|-
|16
|{{GBR}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.9"|{{Percentage bar|49||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.9"|{{Percentage bar|59||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.0"|{{Percentage bar|60||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.8"|{{Percentage bar|88||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||992826|width=50}}
|-
|17
|{{IRL}}
|data-sort-value="6.9"|{{Percentage bar|69||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.1"|{{Percentage bar|31||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.1"|{{Percentage bar|71||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.6"|{{Percentage bar|86||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.4"|{{Percentage bar|24||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.9"|{{Percentage bar|89||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.2"|{{Percentage bar|72||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.6"|{{Percentage bar|86||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||992826|width=50}}
|-
|18
|{{FRA}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.8"|{{Percentage bar|48||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.1"|{{Percentage bar|71||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.0"|{{Percentage bar|60||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.9"|{{Percentage bar|59||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.8"|{{Percentage bar|68||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.0"|{{Percentage bar|60||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.7"|{{Percentage bar|77||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.4"|{{Percentage bar|54||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.0"|{{Percentage bar|90||992826|width=50}}
|-
|19
|{{ESP}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.9"|{{Percentage bar|29||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.5"|{{Percentage bar|35||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.7"|{{Percentage bar|87||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.5"|{{Percentage bar|55||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.0"|{{Percentage bar|60||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.3"|{{Percentage bar|83||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.5"|{{Percentage bar|55||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.1"|{{Percentage bar|91||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.8"|{{Percentage bar|88||992826|width=50}}
|-
|20
|{{SVN}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.0"|{{Percentage bar|20||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.5"|{{Percentage bar|65||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.8"|{{Percentage bar|58||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.7"|{{Percentage bar|77||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.1"|{{Percentage bar|41||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.2"|{{Percentage bar|72||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.1"|{{Percentage bar|31||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="9.4"|{{Percentage bar|94||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.4"|{{Percentage bar|74||992826|width=50}}
|-
|21
|{{CZE}}
|data-sort-value="4.5"|{{Percentage bar|45||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.1"|{{Percentage bar|21||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.5"|{{Percentage bar|65||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.6"|{{Percentage bar|46||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.3"|{{Percentage bar|63||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.3"|{{Percentage bar|63||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||992826|width=50}}
|-
|22
|{{EST}}
|data-sort-value="5.3"|{{Percentage bar|53||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.6"|{{Percentage bar|16||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.5"|{{Percentage bar|55||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.5"|{{Percentage bar|55||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.7"|{{Percentage bar|27||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.9"|{{Percentage bar|69||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||992826|width=50}}
|-
|23
|{{JPN}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.7"|{{Percentage bar|57||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.5"|{{Percentage bar|15||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.0"|{{Percentage bar|50||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.7"|{{Percentage bar|37||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.4"|{{Percentage bar|54||992826|width=50}}
|-
|24
|{{SVK}}
|data-sort-value="4.0"|{{Percentage bar|40||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.7"|{{Percentage bar|17||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.0"|{{Percentage bar|50||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.5"|{{Percentage bar|65||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.7"|{{Percentage bar|47||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.1"|{{Percentage bar|71||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||992826|width=50}}
|-
|25
|{{ITA}}
|data-sort-value="4.8"|{{Percentage bar|48||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.3"|{{Percentage bar|53||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.1"|{{Percentage bar|51||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.5"|{{Percentage bar|45||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.7"|{{Percentage bar|77||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.5"|{{Percentage bar|35||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.9"|{{Percentage bar|69||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||992826|width=50}}
|-
|26
|{{ISR}}
|data-sort-value="4.5"|{{Percentage bar|45||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.5"|{{Percentage bar|35||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.3"|{{Percentage bar|73||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.5"|{{Percentage bar|45||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.6"|{{Percentage bar|56||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.3"|{{Percentage bar|23||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.8"|{{Percentage bar|28||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.9"|{{Percentage bar|89||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.4"|{{Percentage bar|74||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||992826|width=50}}
|-
|27
|{{POL}}
|data-sort-value="4.4"|{{Percentage bar|44||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.7"|{{Percentage bar|17||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.9"|{{Percentage bar|59||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.7"|{{Percentage bar|47||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.1"|{{Percentage bar|81||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.8"|{{Percentage bar|58||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.1"|{{Percentage bar|41||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.9"|{{Percentage bar|59||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.1"|{{Percentage bar|41||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||992826|width=50}}
|-
|28
|{{KOR}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.5"|{{Percentage bar|25||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.7"|{{Percentage bar|77||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.2"|{{Percentage bar|2||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.0"|{{Percentage bar|80||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.9"|{{Percentage bar|29||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.7"|{{Percentage bar|47||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.3"|{{Percentage bar|33||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.6"|{{Percentage bar|76||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.0"|{{Percentage bar|50||992826|width=50}}
|-
|29
|{{PRT}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.5"|{{Percentage bar|25||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.1"|{{Percentage bar|51||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.6"|{{Percentage bar|46||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.6"|{{Percentage bar|16||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.5"|{{Percentage bar|55||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.7"|{{Percentage bar|7||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.8"|{{Percentage bar|78||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.8"|{{Percentage bar|68||992826|width=50}}
|-
|30
|{{LVA}}
|data-sort-value="1.8"|{{Percentage bar|18||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.0"|{{Percentage bar|10||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.8"|{{Percentage bar|38||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.5"|{{Percentage bar|75||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.6"|{{Percentage bar|46||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.7"|{{Percentage bar|37||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||992826|width=50}}
|-
|31
|{{GRC}}
|data-sort-value="4.1"|{{Percentage bar|41||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.9"|{{Percentage bar|19||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.4"|{{Percentage bar|14||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.5"|{{Percentage bar|35||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.0"|{{Percentage bar|50||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.7"|{{Percentage bar|37||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.7"|{{Percentage bar|27||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.0"|{{Percentage bar|70||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.2"|{{Percentage bar|72||992826|width=50}}
|-
|32
|{{HUN}}
|data-sort-value="4.5"|{{Percentage bar|45||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.5"|{{Percentage bar|15||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.9"|{{Percentage bar|59||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.0"|{{Percentage bar|30||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.6"|{{Percentage bar|56||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.3"|{{Percentage bar|23||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.6"|{{Percentage bar|56||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.7"|{{Percentage bar|17||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.9"|{{Percentage bar|79||992826|width=50}}
|-
|33
|{{RUS}}
|data-sort-value="4.7"|{{Percentage bar|47||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.3"|{{Percentage bar|13||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="7.1"|{{Percentage bar|71||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.4"|{{Percentage bar|64||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.2"|{{Percentage bar|32||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.9"|{{Percentage bar|19||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.0"|{{Percentage bar|30||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.1"|{{Percentage bar|41||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="8.2"|{{Percentage bar|82||992826|width=50}}
|-
|34
|{{CHL}}
|data-sort-value="4.4"|{{Percentage bar|44||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.4"|{{Percentage bar|14||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.1"|{{Percentage bar|31||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.3"|{{Percentage bar|43||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.6"|{{Percentage bar|46||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.3"|{{Percentage bar|13||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.3"|{{Percentage bar|63||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.4"|{{Percentage bar|54||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.5"|{{Percentage bar|65||992826|width=50}}
|-
|35
|{{BRA}}
|data-sort-value="3.5"|{{Percentage bar|35||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.6"|{{Percentage bar|6||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.2"|{{Percentage bar|62||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.3"|{{Percentage bar|63||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.9"|{{Percentage bar|19||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.1"|{{Percentage bar|51||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.3"|{{Percentage bar|43||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.0"|{{Percentage bar|0||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.3"|{{Percentage bar|63||992826|width=50}}
|-
|36
|{{TUR}}
|data-sort-value="3.8"|{{Percentage bar|38||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.7"|{{Percentage bar|7||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.0"|{{Percentage bar|50||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.6"|{{Percentage bar|36||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.3"|{{Percentage bar|33||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.9"|{{Percentage bar|39||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.5"|{{Percentage bar|65||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.7"|{{Percentage bar|67||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.3"|{{Percentage bar|23||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.8"|{{Percentage bar|68||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.0"|{{Percentage bar|0||992826|width=50}}
|-
|37
|{{MEX}}
|data-sort-value="3.9"|{{Percentage bar|39||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.8"|{{Percentage bar|8||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.0"|{{Percentage bar|0||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.7"|{{Percentage bar|7||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.7"|{{Percentage bar|57||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.6"|{{Percentage bar|66||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.0"|{{Percentage bar|50||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.7"|{{Percentage bar|7||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.1"|{{Percentage bar|21||992826|width=50}}
|-
|38
|{{ZAF}}
|data-sort-value="1.6"|{{Percentage bar|16||33A392|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.4"|{{Percentage bar|4||1FA3E0|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="1.4"|{{Percentage bar|14||1A7EBD|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="6.1"|{{Percentage bar|61||D94C5F|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.3"|{{Percentage bar|23||7FAB3E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.2"|{{Percentage bar|52||21A353|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="4.2"|{{Percentage bar|42||DEA600|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="2.9"|{{Percentage bar|29||7D3873|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="0.0"|{{Percentage bar|0||E36230|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="3.3"|{{Percentage bar|33||5E5E5E|width=50}}
|data-sort-value="5.7"|{{Percentage bar|57||992826|width=50}}
|}

The index includes 11 comparable "dimensions" of well-being:<ref>{{cite journal|author=Marber, Peter|title=Brave New Math|journal=World Policy Journal|issue=Spring 2012|url=http://www.worldpolicy.org/journal/spring2012/brave-new-math|access-date=2020-09-19|archive-date=2018-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228021828/http://www.worldpolicy.org/journal/spring2012/brave-new-math}}</ref>
#Housing: [[housing]] conditions and spendings (e.g. [[real estate pricing]])
#Income: [[household income]] (after taxes and transfers) and net financial wealth
#Jobs: [[earnings]], [[job security]] and [[unemployment]]
#Community: quality of [[social support]] network
#Education: education and what one gets out of it
#Environment: quality of environment (e.g. [[environmental health]])
#Governance: involvement in [[democracy]]
#Health
#Life Satisfaction: level of [[happiness]]
#Safety: murder and assault rates
#[[Work-life balance]]

== Economic studies ==
To promote exports, many government agencies publish on the web economic studies by sector and country. Among these agencies include the [[United States Commercial Service|USCS]] (US DoC) and [[Foreign Agricultural Service|FAS]] (USDA) in the United States, the [[Export Development Canada|EDC]] and [[Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada|AAFC]] in Canada, [[Ubifrance]] in France, the [[UK Trade & Investment|UKTI]] in the United Kingdom, the [[Hong Kong Trade Development Council|HKTDC]] and [[Japan External Trade Organization|JETRO]] in Asia, [[Austrade]] and the [[New Zealand Trade and Enterprise|NZTE]] in Oceania. Through Partnership Agreements, the Federation of International Trade Associations publishes studies from several of these agencies (USCS, FAS, AAFC, UKTI, and HKTDC) as well as other non-governmental organizations on its website globaltrade.net.

==See also==
{{portal|Economics|World}}
{{colbegin|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Anarchy (international relations)]]
* [[Capitalism]]
* ''[[Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet]]'' (book)
* [[Economic bubble]]
* [[Economic collapse]]
* [[Fourth Industrial Revolution]]
* [[Global financial system]]
* [[Global workforce]]
* [[Globality]]
* [[Globalization]]
* [[International trade]]
* [[Trade route]]
* [[Overconsumption]]
* [[Petrodollar recycling]]
* ''[[World Trade Report]]''
* [[World history (field)|World history]]
** [[Economic history of the world]]
* [[World-systems theory]]
{{colend}}
'''Regional economies:'''
{{colbegin|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Economy of Africa]]
* [[Economy of Asia]]
* [[Economy of Europe]]
* [[Economy of North America]]
* [[Economy of Oceania]]
* [[Economy of South America]]
{{colend}}
'''Events:'''
{{colbegin|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Great Recession]]
* [[World oil market chronology from 2003]]
* [[2008 financial crisis]]
* [[2007–2008 world food price crisis]]
* [[Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic]]
{{colend}}
'''Lists:'''
{{colbegin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[List of countries by GDP sector composition]]
* [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|List of world's largest economies (nominal)]] – based on current [[currency]] market exchange rates
* [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|List of world's largest economies (PPP)]] – based on [[purchasing power parity]]
* [[List of regions by past GDP (PPP)|Historical list of world's largest economies (PPP)]] – for the years between 1 and 1998
{{colend}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.oecd.org/en/topics/sub-issues/economic-outlook.html OECD – Economic Outlook]
* [http://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO IMF – World Economic Outlook]
* [http://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/global-economic-prospects World Bank – Global Economic Prospects]
* [https://desapublications.un.org/publications/world-economic-situation-and-prospects-2025 UN DESA – World Economic Situation and Prospects 2025]
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ CIA – The World Factbook – World]
* [https://www.theguardian.com/business/global-economy Guardian Special Report – Global Economy]
* [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/WLD/Year/2022/Summary World Bank Summary – Trade Statistics for World]

{{Globalization|state=uncollapsed}}
{{Earth}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:World Economy}}
[[Category:World economy| ]]
[[Category:Economics catchphrases]]
[[Category:Economic globalization]]