View source for Worksop Priory

{{Short description|Church in Nottinghamshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox church
|name          = Worksop Priory
|fullname      = The Priory Church of Our Lady and St Cuthbert
|image         = Worksop Priory - geograph.org.uk - 1041294.jpg
|caption       = Worksop Priory
|dedication    = [[St. Mary|Our Lady]] and [[St. Cuthbert]]
|denomination  = [[Church of England]]
|churchmanship = [[Anglo Catholic]]
|parish        = Worksop Priory
|deanery       = Bassetlaw and Bawtry
|archdeaconry  = Newark
|diocese       = [[Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham|Southwell and Nottingham]]
|province      = [[Province of York|York]]
|bishop        = Rt Revd [[Stephen Race]] SSC ([[Alternative Episcopal Oversight|AEO]])
|canon         = 
|priest        = 
|vicar         = Fr Nicolas Spicer [[Society of the Holy Cross|SSC]]
|honpriest     = Fr David James<br>Fr John Willett<br>Bishop Martyn Jarrett<br>Adrian Mason
|reader        = Gill James
|director      = Rosemary Field
|website       = {{URL|worksoppriory.co.uk}}
|coordinates   = {{coord|53|18|13|N|01|06|56|W|type:landmark_region:GB|display=inline,title}}
}}
[[Image:Worksop Priory interior.jpg|thumb|The nave of the priory, facing east]]
'''Worksop Priory''' (formally '''the Priory Church of [[St Mary|Our Lady]] and [[St Cuthbert|Saint Cuthbert]], Worksop''') is a [[Church of England]] [[parish church]] and former [[priory]] in the town of [[Worksop, Nottinghamshire]], part of the [[Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham]] and under the episcopal care of the [[Bishop of Beverley]].

The church is [[Grade I listed]] by the [[Department for Culture, Media and Sport]] as a building of outstanding architectural or historic interest.

==History==
The initial land grant and monies to establish the [[Augustinians|Augustinian]] priory were made by [[William de Lovetot]] in 1103. In 1187 Philip, the Canon of [[Lincoln Cathedral]], donated the [[Worksop Bestiary]], an illuminated manuscript now at the [[Morgan Library & Museum]] in New York.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://corsair.morganlibrary.org/msdescr/BBM0081a.pdf | title=Catalogue description of the Worksop Bestiary | publisher=The Pierpont Morgan Library | work=Catalogue description | access-date=February 2, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://bestiary.ca/manuscripts/manu1046.htm | title=Morgan Library, MS M.81 (The Worksop Bestiary) | date=January 15, 2011 | access-date=February 2, 2013 | author=Badke, David}}</ref> During the thirteenth century, two lords of Worksop (Gerard de Furnival II and his son Thomas de Furnival) died while on crusade, Gerard on the Fifth Crusade in 1219 and Thomas on the Barons' Crusade in 1241. Thomas's brother, Gerard III, also died on this campaign, while their brother William, who had also taken part, returned home.<ref>James Doherty,'The Crusading Furnivals: Family Tradition, Political Expediency and Social Pressure in Crusade Motivation', ''Journal of Family History'' (2022)[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/03631990221124801]</ref> A later rhyming history, which was on display in Worksop Priory in the late fifteenth century, claimed that Gerard III survived the Barons' Crusade and returned his brother's body for burial at the priory; however, earlier evidence indicates that this is untrue.<ref>James Doherty, 'Commemorating the Crusading Past in Late Medieval England: The Worksop Priory ''tabula'', ''English Historical Review'' 136.581 (2021), 809–835 [https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article/136/581/809/6410705]</ref> In the 14th century the [[Tickhill Psalter]] was produced by the  [[Prior (ecclesiastical)|prior]], [[John de Tickhill]].

The priory was [[Dissolution of the Monasteries|dissolved]] on the orders of [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] on 15 November 1539. The property was granted to [[Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury]] on condition that the Earl should provide a glove for the right hand of the sovereign at the coronation. This tradition continues to this day.
Over time most of the former monastic buildings were plundered for their stone, but the nave of the church was saved for use as a parish church, and the early 14th-century gatehouse was used as a school. [[Victorian restoration|Extensive restoration]] and enlargements of the church began in the mid-19th century and continued through the 20th century.

In mid-2017 a face was uncovered, carved into one of the Priory walls, during renovation works. The face was estimated to date back to the year 980 AD, but the wall was finished around 1260 AD. It may have been a felt stone{{Clarify|date=May 2018}} that someone decided to decorate before it was lime-washed over.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worksopguardian.co.uk/news/priory-face-could-date-back-to-980-ad-1-8739109|title=Priory 'face' could date back to 980 AD|date=6 September 2017 |publisher=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>

==Repairs and restorations==
*1760 A western gallery was erected across the nave.
*1784 A gallery was erected along the north side.
*1845–49 A [[Victorian restoration|restoration]] by R. Nicholson of Lincoln. The church was re-roofed, new foundations were provided to the south tower and the pillars and south aisle were pulled back to vertical.
*1879 New organ by [[Brindley & Foster]] of Sheffield.
*1883 Repairs to the south tower. Two bells added increasing the ring from six to eight.
*1912 Gatehouse restored.
*1922 Lady chapel restored by Thomas Pepper and re-dedicated.
*1929 Opening up of the south transept.
*1932 Building of the north transept and turret to the central tower.
*1935 Blocking walls at the end of the nave were removed, creating a single space between the nave and transepts.
*1974 Choir built by Laurence King. New organ by Peter Collins.

==Burials==
*[[William de Lovetot]]
*[[John Talbot, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury]] (in the Lady chapel)
*[[William Edgar Allen]] owner of Edgar Allen & Company steelworks

==Previous clergy==
===Priors of Worksop===
<small>Source: [http://worksoppriory.co.uk/priorsvicars]</small>
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*William 1180
*Stephen 1196
*Henry 1200
*Walter de Leirton 1233
*Robert de Pikeborn 1253
*John 1260
*Alan de London 1279
*John de [[Tickhill|Tikehill]] 1303
*Robert de Carlton 1313
*Johannes 1396
*Roger de Upton
*John de Laughton 1404
*Carolus de Flemyng 1457
*William Acworth 1463
*Robert Warde 1485
*Robert or Thomas Gateford 1518
*Nicholas Storth 1522
*Thomas Stokes 1535
{{div col end}}

===Vicars of Worksop===
<small>Source: [http://worksoppriory.co.uk/priorsvicars]</small>
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*Alanus de London 1276
*Canon Adam de Roderham 1300
*Robert de Beverlac 1324
*William de Hanay 1328
*Richard de Trent 1358
*Thomas Barneby 1405
*Walter Burne
*John Howe 1450
*John Emlay 1452
*Walter Burne
*Thomas Ingill 1472
*Prebendary Thomas Scott 1486
*Canon John Johnson 1519
*Thomas Howard 1535
*John Thornley 1544
*John Goodriche 1577
*[[Richard Barnard]] 1601
*Canon Oliver Bray 1613
*William Carte MA 1615
*Samuel Smyth BA 1628
*Walter Barnard 1662
*Samuel Buckingham MA 1673
*Thomas Calton 1685
*John Cook 1718
*John Ward 1758
*The Hon. Philip Howard 1778
*Thomas Carter 1783
*Thomas Stayce MA 1792
*James Appleton MA 1847
*Edward Hawley MA 1870
*Thomas Slodden MA 1882
*Canon George Jas. A. d'Arcy 1909
*Jas. George Morton Howard MA 1941
*Canon Ralph H Foster 1955
*Canon Peter H. Boulton BA LLM 1967
*Bernard Holdridge 1986
*Andrew R. Wagstaff BD AKC 1994
*Canon Nicolas Spicer BA 2007
{{div col end}}

==Organ==
The painted organ case was designed by [[Peter Collins (organ builder)|Peter Collins]], in co-operation with the architects, Laurence King and Partners, and constructed in mahogany in its main parts with pine-cored block wood panels. The case has a tonal as well as an architectural function, mixing the sound of the pipes and projecting it forwards as a blended whole. The specification was drawn up by David Butterworth and is almost identical to that of [[St Mary's Church, Nottingham]].

The pipes, of which there are 1634, are of various materials ranging in tin content from 90% in the façade pipes to 20% for some flute stops. Copper and pine are used for  other registers. With the exception of 24 small pipes in the pedal case, all the front pipes are speaking. The reed pipes are by Giesecke of Germany; the flues by Stinkins of Holland and Peter Collins; the [[Zimbelstern|cymbelstern]] is by Laukhuff, also of Germany.

The console at the foot of the central display pipes is constructed of oak; the naturals are of hard 'blackwood' and the accidentals are white resin topped. The manual compass is of 56 notes; the pedal compass of 30 notes.

The style of voicing and the general approach to its construction has origins in the 17th and 18th centuries, rather than the more familiar instrument to be found in England. The balance of stops is in keeping with classical registration and the 'Werk-Prinzip' of the case is designed to project the sound into the priory building.

For the mechanism of the key and pedal action, direct connection by trackers of thin wood are used to the control valves, giving the performer control over the attack and decay of each note. The stop action is electric. There are six pistons to each department and six toe levers for the pedal department. There are also eight general pistons.

The organ was reconstructed in 1996 by Wood of Huddersfield. It was cleaned and regulated and the soundboards were reconstructed. The keys were renewed; Swell Octave 2&nbsp;ft replaced with new pipework by Stinkens; Cymbelstern added; entire stop action (slider solenoids excepted) was remade<br />
with Alan Taylor solid state; sequencer added.

{{col-begin}}
{{col-1-of-3}}

*'''Great Organ'''
*Principal 8
*Rohr Flute 8
*Octave 4
*Spitz Flute 4
*Quint 2{{frac|2|3}}
*Wide Octave 2
*Tierce 1 3/5
*Mixture III-V
*Trumpet 8
*Tremulant
*Cymbelstern

{{col-2-of-3}}
*'''Swell Organ'''
*Wood Gedact 8
*Spitz Gamba 8
*Principal 4
*Koppel Flute 4
*Octave 2
*Spitz Quint 1{{frac|1|3}}
*Scharf III – V
*Dulzian 16
*Schalmey 8
*Tremulant

{{col-3-of-3}}
*'''Pedal Organ'''
*Subbass 16
*Octave 8
*Subbass 8
*Wide Octave 4
*Mixture III
*Sordun 32
*Fagot 16
*Trumpet 8
{{col-end}}

===Organists===
{{div col}}
* John Hilton Turvey {{Circa|1840}}<ref>''[[York Herald]]'' - 18 July 1840</ref>
* George Walker ???? - 1854<ref>''[[Nottinghamshire Guardian]]'' - 6 April 1854</ref> - 1861<ref>Nottinghamshire Guardian -19 September 1861</ref>
* Frederick Staton 1861 – 1879<ref>''[[Sheffield Telegraph|Sheffield Independent]]'' - 28 April 1879</ref>
* Hamilton White {{Circa|1880}}<ref>Sheffield Daily Telegraph -  27 January 1880</ref> (formerly organist at [[St Swithun's Church, East Retford]])
* Revd. J.T. Bingley {{Circa|1887}}<ref>Sheffield Independent -  29 December 1887</ref> - 1891<ref>Sheffield Daily Telegraph - Monday 12 October 1891</ref>
* Thomas Pickford 1891 – 1912<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Gifts for Worksop Organist | url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000250/19121205/253/0010 |newspaper=Sheffield Daily Telegraph |location=England |date=5 December 1912 |access-date=2 January 2021 |via=British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> (formerly organist of Christ Church, Banbury)
* H.J. Greenfield 1912 - 1920<ref>''[[Sheffield Star|Sheffield Evening Telegraph]]'' - 10 January 1920</ref>
* John Newton 1920 - 1921 (formerly assistant organist of [[St Edmundsbury Cathedral]])
* Stanley H Mayes 1922 - 1925
* Ellis White 1925 - 
* Cecil Victor Berry
* Percy Radford
* David Burnham
* Leslie Carrick Smith
* Michael Overbury 1999 - 2014
* Mark Rothman
* Rosemary Field 2021–present
{{div col end}}

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Worksop Priory - west door - geograph.org.uk - 415670.jpg|West door
Worksop Priory - west front - geograph.org.uk - 415664.jpg|West front
Worksop Priory 1.jpg|Priory from the south
Worksop Priory Antient Abbeys.jpg|Engraving form [[John Stevens (translator)|John Stevens]]' ''The History of the Antient Abbeys'', 1723
File:Worksop Priory2.JPG|West front - detail
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Abbeys and priories in England]]
*[[List of English abbeys, priories and friaries serving as parish churches]]
*[[Grade I listed buildings in Nottinghamshire]]
*[[Listed buildings in Worksop]]

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Other sources===
*''[http://worksoppriory.co.uk/worksop%20priory%20history.htm A brief history of Worksop Priory]''. Worksop Priory website (accessed 24 December 2005).
*White, Robert (1875) ''Worksop, The Dukery, and Sherwood Forest''. Transcription at Nicholson, AP: ''[http://www.nottshistory.org.uk/white1875/introduction.htm Nottinghamshire History]'' (Accessed 24 December 2005).

==External links==
*[http://worksoppriory.co.uk/ Official website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051216200457/http://www.proweb.co.uk/~sdbf/ Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham]
*[http://www.npor.org.uk/cgi-bin/Rsearch.cgi?Fn=Rsearch&rec_index=N08873 Pipe organ information]
*[http://www.nottshistory.org.uk/white1875/priory_part1.htm ''The Priory: its foundation and Dissolution'']

{{Deanery of Bassetlaw and Bawtry churches}}
{{Monasteries in Nottinghamshire |state=expanded}}

[[Category:Church of England church buildings in Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Monasteries in Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Augustinian monasteries in England]]
[[Category:1103 establishments in England]]
[[Category:1539 disestablishments in England]]
[[Category:Grade I listed buildings in Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Grade I listed churches in Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Christian monasteries established in the 1100s]]
[[Category:Worksop]]
[[Category:Anglo-Catholic church buildings in Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Anglo-Catholic churches in England receiving AEO|Worksop]]