View source for Wool Act 1698

{{Short description|Act of the Parliament of England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}
{{Infobox UK legislation
| short_title = Wool Act 1698
| type = Act
| parliament = Parliament of England
| long_title = An Act to prevent the Exportation of Wool out of the Kingdoms of Ireland and England into Forreigne parts and for the Incouragement of the Woollen Manufactures in the Kingdom of England
| year = 1699
| citation = [[10 Will. 3]]. c. 16{{br}}(Ruffhead: [[10 & 11 Will. 3]]. c. 10)
| territorial_extent = {{ubli|[[England and Wales]]|[[Ireland]]}}
| royal_assent = 4 May 1699
| commencement = 24 June 1699{{efn|Section 1.}}
| repeal_date = 5 July 1825
| amendments = {{ubli|Exportation (No. 2) Act 1698|Taxation Act 1698|[[Weights and Measures Act 1824]]}}
| repealing_legislation = [[Customs Law Repeal Act 1825]]
| status = Repealed
| original_text = https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol7/pp524-528
}}
{{Redirect|Wool Act|the contemporaneous law about burying in wool|Burying in Woollen Acts}}

The '''Wool Act 1698''' (or the '''Woolens Act''') was an [[Act of Parliament (United Kingdom)|act]] of the [[Parliament of England]] ([[10 Will. 3]]. c. 16), [[long title]]d ''An Act to prevent the Exportation of Wool out of the Kingdoms of Ireland and England into Forreigne parts and for the Incouragement of the Woollen Manufactures in the Kingdom of England.''<ref>[https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol7/pp524-528 Statutes of the Realm: volume 7: 1695-1701 (1820), pp. 524-28. Date accessed: 5 August 2018.]</ref> It was intended to increase [[Kingdom of England|England]]'s [[woolen]] product manufacturing by preventing [[Kingdom of Ireland|Irish]] wool production, manufactures, and export; it also forbade the export of wool and products from the [[Thirteen Colonies|American colonies]]. Competing woolens from these areas had recently become more available in foreign and domestic markets. The Act prohibited American colonists from exporting wool and wool products,<ref>"Wool, woollfells, shortlings, mortlings, woollstocks, worsted, bay, woollen yarn, cloth, serge, bays, kerseys, says, frizes, druggets, cloth-serges, shalloons, drapery stuff, or any woolen manufacture."</ref> or export to markets outside the individual colony in which it was produced, or to be transported from one place to another in the same colony. The act did not forbid the making of woolen fabrics for private consumption, but simply forbade the making of woolens for the public market. At this time the woolens exported from England had to pay heavy export duties. The act, one of the [[Navigation Acts|Acts of Trade and Navigation]], was mainly aimed at Irish woolens and established a policy to crush the Irish woolen industry.<ref>{{cite book |last=Corrigan |first=Vawn |date=2020 |title=Irish Tweed: History, Tradition, Fashion |publisher=O'Brien Press |url=http://www.obrien.ie/irish-aran |isbn=9781788490214 }}</ref><ref name="Beer">[[George Louis Beer]], The commercial policy of England toward the American colonies [https://archive.org/stream/commercialpolicy00beerrich#page/374/mode/2up p.77] (1893)</ref> It had little effect on the American colonies; at most it only slowed the potential industry.<ref>{{cite book |author= John A. Garraty |author2=Mark C. Carnes |title= A Short History of the American Nation | edition = 8th |year= 2000 |publisher= Longman |isbn= 0-321-07098-4 |chapter=Chapter Three: America in the British Empire |chapter-url=http://edweb.tusd.k12.az.us/uhs/WebSite/Courses/APUSH/1st%20Sem/Garraty%20Short%20History%20Chapters%201-18/chapter_threei.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517130635/http://edweb.tusd.k12.az.us/uhs/WebSite/Courses/APUSH/1st%20Sem/Garraty%20Short%20History%20Chapters%201-18/chapter_threei.htm |archive-date=17 May 2008 }}</ref> Shopkeepers had a very hard time during this period when the Wool Act was in force. Some colonists opposed this act by buying more flax and hemp.

{{anchor|Exportation (No. 2) Act 1698|Taxation Act 1698}}
{{Infobox UK legislation
| short_title           = Exportation (No. 2) Act 1698
| type                  = Act
| parliament            = Parliament of England
| long_title            = An Act for continueing severall Laws therein mentioned, and for explaining the Act intituled An Act to prevent the Exportation of Wooll out of the Kingdoms of Ireland and England into Forreigne Parts and for the Incouragement of the Woollen Manufactures in the Kingdom of England.
| year                  = 1698
| citation              = {{ubli|[[11 Will. 3]]. c. 13|(Ruffhead: {{nowrap|[[11 & 12 Will. 3]]. c. 13}})}}
| territorial_extent    = {{ubli|[[England and Wales]]|[[Ireland]]}}
| royal_assent          = 11 April 1700
| commencement          = 29 September 1700{{efn|Section 1.}}
| repeal_date           = 15 July 1867
| amends                = {{ubli|[[Poor Relief Act 1662]]|Wool Act 1699}}
| replaces              = 
| amendments            = 
| repealing_legislation = [[Statute Law Revision Act 1867]]
| related_legislation   = {{ubli|[[Administration of Intestates' Estate Act 1685]]|[[Poor Relief Act 1691]]|[[Estreats (Personal Representatives) Act 1692]]|[[Continuance of Laws Act 1706]]|[[Poor Act 1712]]}}
| status                = Repealed 
| original_text         = https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol7/pp600-602
| collapsed             = yes
}}
{{Infobox UK legislation
| short_title           = Taxation (No. 3) Act 1698
| type                  = Act
| parliament            = Parliament of England
| long_title            = An Act for takeing away the Duties upon the Woollen Manufactures, Corn Grain Bread Biscuit and Meal exported.
| year                  = 1698
| citation              = {{ubli|11 Will. 3. c. 20|(Ruffhead: {{nowrap|11 & 12 Will. 3. c. 20}})}}
| territorial_extent    = [[England and Wales]]
| royal_assent          = 11 April 1700
| commencement          = 30 March 1700{{efn|Section 1.}}
| expiry_date           = 
| repeal_date           = 15 July 1867
| amends                = Wool Act 1699
| replaces              = 
| amendments            = 
| repealing_legislation = [[Statute Law Revision Act 1867]]
| related_legislation   = 
| status                = Repealed
| original_text         = https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol7/pp610-611
| collapsed             = yes
}}
An exception to the act was passed the following year in the '''Exportation (No. 2) Act 1698''' ([[11 Will. 3]]. c. 13 s. 9), which allowed these exports if they were for the use by the ship's crews and passengers.<ref>[[long title]]d "An Act for continuing severall Laws therein mentioned, and for explaining the Act intituled An Act to prevent the Exportation of Wooll out of the Kingdoms of Ireland and England into Forreigne Parts and for the Incouragement of the Woollen Manufactures in the Kingdom of England" Statutes of the Realm: volume 7: 1695-1701 (1820), pp. 600-02. URL: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol7/pp600-602. Date accessed: 16 February 2007.</ref> Later in the year however, duties were abolished for English exportation of manufactured woolens and other products by the '''Taxation (No. 3) Act 1698''' ([[11 Will. 3]]. c. 20).<ref>[https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol7/pp610-611 An Act for takeing away the Duties upon the Woollen Manufactures, Corn Grain Bread Biscuit and Meal exported.]</ref><ref name="Beer"/> The act was repealed by the [[Statute Law Revision Act 1867]].{{cn|date=March 2023}}

== See also ==
* [[Burying in Woollen Acts]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{British law and the American Revolution}}
{{English legislation}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1699 in law]]
[[Category:Acts of the Parliament of England 1698]]
[[Category:Repealed English legislation]]
[[Category:Tax legislation in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1699 in England]]
[[Category:Taxation in England]]
[[Category:Wool trade]]