View source for Wilhelm von Hahnke

{{Short description|Field Marshal of Prussia (1833–1912)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=October 2013}}
{{Infobox military person
| name          = Wilhelm Gustav Karl Bernhard von Hahnke
| image         = File:Wilhelm von Hahnke.jpg
| birth_date    = 1 October 1833
| birth_place   = [[Berlin]]
| death_date    = {{death-date and age|8 February 1912|1 October 1833}}
|allegiance       = {{flag|Prussia|1803}}<br>{{flag|German Empire}}
|branch           = {{army|Prussia}}<br>{{army|German Empire}}
|branch_label     = Branch
|serviceyears     = 
|serviceyears_label = 
|rank             = [[Generalfeldmarschall]]
|rank_label       = 
|servicenumber    = 
|unit             = 
|commands         = Chief of Staff, [[III Corps (German Empire)|III Corps]]<br />1st Guards Infantry Brigade<br />[[1st Guards Infantry Division (German Empire)|1st Guards Infantry Division]]<br />Chief of the [[Military Cabinet (Prussia)|Military Cabinet]]<br />Adjutant-General to the Emperor
|known_for        =
|battles          = [[Second Schleswig War]]<br />[[Austro-Prussian War]]<br />[[Franco-Prussian War]]
|battles_label    = 
|awards           = [[Order of the Black Eagle]]<br />[[Order of the Red Eagle]] (Grand Cross)
}}

'''Wilhelm Gustav Karl Bernhard von Hahnke''' (1 October 1833 in [[Berlin]] &ndash; 8 February 1912) was a [[Prussia]]n [[Field Marshal]], and Chief of the [[German Imperial Military Cabinet]] from 1888 to 1901.

== Biography ==
Born into an old Prussian family of officers, he was the son of Wilhelm Hahnke (1793-1861) and his wife Angelique, née von der Lancken (1803-1873). His father was raised to the hereditary Prussian nobility in 1836, thus becoming ''Wilhelm [[von]] Hahnke''. After time in the cadet corps Hahnke joined the military as second lieutenant in the [[1st (Emperor Alexander) Guards Grenadiers|1st Guards Grenadiers]] in 1851. During the [[Second Schleswig War]], Hahnke served as a company leader. During the [[Austro-Prussian War]] he served on the staff of [[Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1828–1885)|Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia]] as a general staff officer.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Biographie|first=Deutsche|title=Hahnke, Wilhelm von - Deutsche Biographie|url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz25452.html#ndbcontent|access-date=2021-12-16|website=www.deutsche-biographie.de|language=de}}</ref> During the [[Franco-Prussian War]] he served on the latter's staff again and earned the [[Iron Cross]] (first class).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Wilhelm von Hahnke|url=http://prussianmachine.com/prussia/hahnke.htm|access-date=2021-12-08|website=prussianmachine.com}}</ref>

In 1888 Hahnke was appointed Chief of the [[Military Cabinet (Prussia)|Military Cabinet]] of the just-crowned [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Wilhelm II]]. In January 1905 he was promoted to field marshal. He later was appointed as the Adjutant-General to the [[German Emperor|Kaiser]]. He died on 8 February 1912.<ref name=":0" />

== Family ==
Hahnke married 1865 in Berlin Josephine von Bülow (1842–1911), daughter of Friedrich von Bülow (1789–1853). The couple had seven sons and two daughters, among them:
* Wilhelm (1867–1931), Prussian Major general ∞ Elisabeth von Schlieffen (born 1869), daughter of Field Marshal [[Alfred von Schlieffen]].
* Adolf (3 July 1873 – 6 July 1936), jurist.

== Honours and awards ==
;German honours<ref name = "handbuch">''Handbuch über den Königlich Preußischen Hof und Staat fur das jahr 1908'', [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb__34OAAAAYAAJ/page/n71/mode/2up p. 38]</ref>
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1803-1892).svg}} [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]]:
** [[Order of the Red Eagle|Knight of the Red Eagle]], 4th Class with Swords, ''1864''; 3rd Class with Bow, ''1866''; 2nd Class with Oak Leaves and Swords on Ring, ''18 January 1884'';<ref name="prus1">{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste|volume=1|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=5&skin=2021|pages=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=101&skin=2021 93], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=607&skin=2021 599]|language=German|location=Berlin|publisher=Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei|year=1886|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref> Grand Cross with Crown, ''27 January 1893''<ref name="prus3">{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (supp.)|volume=1|chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878823&view=1up&seq=7&skin=2021|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878823&view=1up&seq=436&skin=2021 8]|language=German|location=Berlin|publisher=Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei|year=1886|chapter=Rother Adler-orden|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref>
** [[Order of the Crown (Prussia)|Knight of the Royal Crown Order]], 3rd Class with Swords, ''1864''; 2nd Class with Swords on Ring, ''20 September 1876'';<ref name="prus1"/> 1st Class
** [[Iron Cross]] (1870), 1st Class with 2nd Class on Black Band<ref name="prus4">{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste|volume=3|chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878856&view=1up&seq=5&skin=2021|chapter=Eisernes Kreuz von 1870|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878856&view=1up&seq=22&skin=2021 18]|language=German|location=Berlin|publisher=Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei|year=1877|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref>
** Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal [[House Order of Hohenzollern]]
** [[Order of the Black Eagle|Knight of the Black Eagle]], ''1895''; with Diamonds, ''26 April 1901''<ref name="prus2">{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste|volume=1|chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015025921423&view=1up&seq=5&skin=2021|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015025921423&view=1up&seq=613&skin=2021 5]|chapter=Schwarzer Adler-orden|language=German|location=Berlin|publisher=Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei|year=1895|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flagge Herzogtum Anhalt.svg}} [[Duchy of Anhalt|Anhalt]]: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Albert the Bear]], ''1889''<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt'' (1894) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_LR03AAAAYAAJ/page/n35/mode/2up 20]</ref>
* {{flag|Baden}}:<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden'' (1902), "Großherzogliche Orden" [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1879966 pp. 68], [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1879970 72], [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1879981 83]</ref>
** Knight of the [[Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order]], ''1870''
** Knight of the [[Order of Berthold the First]], ''1893''
** Knight of the [[House Order of Fidelity]], ''1899''
* {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Bavaria}}:
** [[Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown|Grand Cross of Merit of the Bavarian Crown]], ''1897''<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern'' (1908), "Königliche Orden" [https://archive.org/details/hofundstaatshan00landgoog/page/n63/mode/2up p. 27]</ref>
** Grand Cross of the [[Military Merit Order (Bavaria)|Military Merit Order]]
* {{flag|Brunswick}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Henry the Lion]], ''1889''<ref>''Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Herzogthums Braunschweig für 1908''. Bd. 1908. Braunschweig: Meyer, 1908. p. 10</ref>
* {{flagicon|Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Altenburg}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Meiningen}} [[Ernestine duchies]]: Grand Cross of the [[Saxe-Ernestine House Order]]
* {{flagicon image|Flagge Großherzogtum Hessen ohne Wappen.svg}} [[Hesse and by Rhine]]:<ref>{{citation|title=Großherzoglich Hessische Ordensliste|pages=14, 193|language=German|location=Darmstadt|year=1909|publisher=Staatsverlag|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref>
** Grand Cross of the Merit [[Order of Philip the Magnanimous]], with Swords, ''8 December 1889''
** Grand Cross of the [[Ludwig Order]], ''6 May 1892''
* {{flag|Württemberg}}:<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg'' (1907), "Königliche Orden" [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Pc5CAAAAYAAJ/page/n77/mode/2up pp. 43], [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Pc5CAAAAYAAJ/page/n133/mode/2up 98], [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Pc5CAAAAYAAJ/page/n147/mode/2up 113]</ref>
** Commander of the [[Friedrich Order]], 2nd Class with Swords, ''1870''; Grand Cross, ''1888''
** [[Order of the Crown (Württemberg)|Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown]], in Diamonds, ''1891''
}}

;Foreign honours<ref name = "handbuch"/>
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flagicon|Austrian Empire}} {{flagicon|Kingdom of Hungary|1896}} [[Austria-Hungary]]:<ref>{{citation|chapter-url=https://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=shb&datum=1908&size=45&page=367|chapter=Ritter-Orden|title=Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie|date=1908|access-date=14 January 2021|pages=[https://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=shb&datum=1908&size=45&page=372 58], [https://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=shb&datum=1908&size=45&page=383 69], [https://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=shb&datum=1908&size=45&page=414 100]}}</ref>
** [[Order of the Iron Crown (Austria)|Knight of the Iron Crown]], 1st Class, ''1888''
** Grand Cross of the [[Order of Leopold (Austria)|Imperial Order of Leopold]], ''1891''; in Diamonds, ''1895''
** Grand Cross of the [[Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary|Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen]], ''1897''
* {{flag|Belgium}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]]
* {{flag|Principality of Bulgaria}}:
** [[Order of Saint Alexander (Bulgaria)|Grand Cross of St. Alexander]]
** Grand Cross of the [[Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)|Military Merit Order]]
* {{flag|Denmark}}: [[Order of the Dannebrog|Grand Cross of the Dannebrog]], ''26 June 1888''<ref>{{cite book |year=1908 |orig-year=1st pub.:1801 |editor1-last=Bille-Hansen |editor1-first=A. C. |editor2-last=Holck |editor2-first=Harald |title=Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1908 |trans-title=State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1908 |url=https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/921844.pdf#page=44 |format=PDF |series=Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender |language=da |location=Copenhagen |publisher=J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri |pages=13–14 |access-date=10 February 2021 |via=[[:da:DIS Danmark]]}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[Second French Empire|French Empire]]: Officer of the [[Legion of Honour]]
* {{flagicon|Greece|royal}} [[Kingdom of Greece]]: [[Order of the Redeemer|Grand Cross of the Redeemer]]
* {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}:
** [[Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus|Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus]]
** [[Order of the Crown of Italy|Grand Cross of the Crown of Italy]]
* {{flag|Empire of Japan}}: [[Order of the Rising Sun|Grand Cordon of the Rising Sun]]
* {{flag|Monaco}}: [[Order of Saint-Charles|Grand Cross of St. Charles]], ''14 April 1907''<ref name="Germany">[https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/e6b5203284da6a19b9f8bf4f7bc7534a.pdf Journal de Monaco]</ref>
* {{flag|Principality of Montenegro}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Prince Danilo I]]
* {{flag|Netherlands}}: [[Order of the Netherlands Lion|Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion]]
* {{flag|Ottoman Empire}}:
** [[Order of Glory (Ottoman Empire)|Order of Glory]]
** [[Order of Osmanieh]], 1st Class in Diamonds
** [[Order of the Medjidie]], 1st Class in Diamonds
* {{flagicon image|Early 20th Century Qajar Flag.svg}} [[Qajar Iran|Persian Empire]]: [[Order of the Lion and the Sun]], 1st Class
* {{flag|Kingdom of Portugal}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Aviz|Royal Military Order of St. Benedict of Aviz]]
* {{flag|Qing dynasty}}: [[Order of the Double Dragon]], Class I Grade III
* {{flag|Kingdom of Romania}}:
** [[Order of the Star of Romania|Grand Cross of the Star of Romania]]
** [[Order of the Crown of Romania|Grand Cross of the Crown of Romania]]
* {{flag|Russian Empire}}:
** [[Order of St. Andrew|Knight of St. Andrew]]
** [[Order of St. Vladimir|Knight of St. Vladimir]], 4th Class
* {{flag|Kingdom of Serbia}}: [[Order of the Cross of Takovo|Grand Cross of the Cross of Takovo]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Siam (1855).svg}} [[Siam]]: [[Order of the White Elephant|Grand Cross of the White Elephant]]
* {{flagicon|Sweden|1844}} {{flagicon|Norway|1844}} [[Sweden-Norway]]:
** [[Order of the Sword|Commander Grand Cross of the Sword]], ''1884''<ref>{{citation|title=Sveriges Statskalender|year=1905|page=443|url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1905/0467.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=2018-01-06|language=sv}}</ref>
** [[Order of St. Olav|Grand Cross of St. Olav]], ''19 July 1888''<ref>{{citation|title=Norges Statskalender|year=1890|url=https://runeberg.org/norkal/1890/0356.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=2018-01-06|language=no|pages=595–596}}</ref>
* {{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}: Honorary Grand Cross of the [[Royal Victorian Order]], ''15 June 1907''<ref name=LondonGazette28031>{{London Gazette|issue=28031|page=4171|supp=y|date=18 June 1907}}</ref>
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hahnke, Wilhelm Von}}
[[Category:Field marshals of Prussia]]
[[Category:Field marshals of the German Empire]]
[[Category:Members of the Prussian House of Lords]]
[[Category:1833 births]]
[[Category:1912 deaths]]
[[Category:Military personnel from the Province of Brandenburg]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Berlin]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Iron Cross, 1st class]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Military Merit Order (Bavaria)]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Dannebrog]]
[[Category:Officers of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Italy)]]
[[Category:Grand Cordons of the Order of the Rising Sun]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 1st class]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Crown (Romania)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Takovo]]
[[Category:Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword]]
[[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order]]