View source for Wiki143:Typo Team

{{Short description|Collaboration to fix typos and misspellings}}
{{Redirect|WP:TYPO|the [[Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion|speedy deletion]] criteria for implausible redirects from typos|Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion#R3. Recently created, implausible typos}}

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| <div style="text-decoration:line-through;color:red;"><div style="color:white;">tyop</div></div>'''typo'''
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{{Shortcut|WP:TYPO|WP:TYOP<!--This is deliberate, not a typo-->}}

The '''Wikipedia Typo Team''' is dedicated to improving the quality of Wikipedia by correcting [[typo]]s and misspellings. If you see any typos (even minor ones), please correct them. This kind of editing is a never-ending job, so we could use your help! Please consider joining [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/Members|our team]]. All you need to do is start correcting typos. We have a userbox; simply add {{tlx|User&nbsp;Typo&nbsp;Team}} to your userpage to proudly display your association. Also, consider adding to our [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/pledges|pledges page]] to announce your new enlistment. Our project was created on November 22, 2003, and the first corrections were fixes of "{{notatypo|and and}}". What will your contributions be? Add some of them at the [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/works_completed|works completed]] page so we know what our members are doing!

== British vs American English, etc. ==
[[File:English-as-Official-Language(v2).png|thumb|alt=Map of countries where English is the majority language or an official language.|Map of countries where English is the majority language or an official language]]

Except for articles with [[WP:TIES|strong national ties]], the English Wikipedia [[WP:ENGVAR|has no preference]] for [[American English|American]], [[British English|British]], or [[list of dialects of English|other forms of English]] as long as usage [[MOS:ARTCON|is consistent]] throughout the article. In most cases, articles [[MOS:RETAIN|should stay in the dialect]] that currently predominates and should not be converted just for the sake of conversion. Any inter-dialect conversion therefore requires glancing at the whole article to be able to determine if, for instance, ''flavor'', ''color'', ''meter'', or ''defense'' (or ''flavour'', ''colour'', ''metre'', or ''defence'') should be converted. Another approach is to try to avoid dialects by using words that are [[WP:COMMONALITY|English universals]].

Caution is needed when changing dialects and it takes some experience to avoid pitfalls. It is easy to make over- or under-generalizations. For instance, the endings "-ize" and "-ization" are acceptable in both British and American English. So although the suffix "-ise" is more common in [[English in the Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] usage than "-ize", both spellings are correct. Regardless, the use of "-ize"/"-ise" should remain consistent throughout a page.

More information about dialects can be found in the following links:
* {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style|National varieties of English}}
* [[American and British English spelling differences]]
* [[WP:EngvarB]]

== Use edit summaries ==

Typo team members make many edits. It is always a good idea to give an edit summary after each of your edits, describing the change you made (see [[Help:Edit summary]]). If you made many fixes, you might say "spelling fixes" or "spelling cleanup". If the number of edits was small, you might list the exact words you fixed, such as "spelling Mississippi". You can also specify the exact change you made as with "spelling: {{notatypo|lense}} → lens". Spelling fixes are generally [[Help:Minor edit|marked as minor edits]].
   
Additionally, you could simultaneously promote our project in the edit summary with a small reference like "typo corrections <nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Typo Team]]</nowiki>" or "spelling Monday <nowiki>[[WP:TYPO]]</nowiki>". The shortcut '''WP:TYPO''' links to this project page.   
   
Edit summaries are important and other editors value them when scanning the article history. Edit summary histories are also sometimes considered during user [[Wikipedia:Requests for adminship|requests for Wikipedia adminship]]; so, making valuable edit summaries is a good habit to form.

==Some typos do not need to be corrected ==
{{redirect|WP:DONTFIX|text=You may be looking for [[WP:NOTBROKEN]] (advice not to "fix" links to redirected page titles) or [[WP:DONTFIXIT]] (a short essay on whether editors should bother fixing imaginary problems)}}
{{shortcut|WP:DONTFIX}}
Not all typos on Wikipedia need to be (or should be) corrected:

* Spelling errors on talk pages generally should not be fixed. It is a [[Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines#Editing others' comments|guideline]] that comments, especially of others, should not be edited. Roughly this is because it can be disruptive to the communicative process, as others may have already quoted the material. Also, talk pages are not considered part of the encyclopedia proper so there is no need to bring them up to a publishable standard. On the other hand, if you were the last to post to a talk page and made a spelling or grammatical error, there's no reason not to fix it. 
* In quotes, the material being quoted may contain a typo or have archaic spelling. For typos, [[MOS:PLC]] says: "insignificant spelling and typographic errors should simply be silently corrected (for example, correct {{!xt|{{notatypo|basicly}}}} to {{xt|basically}})." Archaic spelling, however, should be retained: "In direct quotations, retain dialectal and archaic spellings, including capitalization" (this is quoted from the MOS page linked above).  To indicate to other editors and bots that something that appears to be an error is faithfully copied from the original, after verifying the original, put the word or phrase in either {{tl|sic}} or {{tl|Not a typo}}. Examples:
** "<nowiki>{{sic|truple}} threat</nowiki>" renders as "{{sic|truple}} threat" and indicates to the reader that editors have verified the error is in the original, not Wikipedia.
** "<nowiki>{{not a typo|ye old bakke shoppe}}</nowiki>" renders as "{{notatypo|ye old bakke shoppe}}" and it is assumed the reader will know the spelling is archaic. Bots will not try to spell-check this text.
* Titles or works that appear in references and external links should not have accurately reproduced spelling errors silently corrected (see [[MOS:PMC]]).
* Proper names might contain apparently misspelt words that are actually correct when used as a name. For example, "[[Johnny Hazzard]]" is a correctly spelt proper name, even though it looks similar to the word "hazard", and Australia's "[[Mackerel Beach]]", named after [[Mackerel|the type of fish]], is sometimes referred to as "{{notatypo|Mackeral Beach}}" in official documents.
* Some foreign words look like misspellings of English words, but are correctly spelt for that language. For example, the Dutch word for "foundation" is "[[:wikt:stichting|stichting]]", not "stitching".  Non-English words should be wrapped in {{tl|lang}} or {{tl|Transliteration}}.
* Constructions may be considered valid in some dictionaries and style guides (without being labelled colloquial, obsolete, local, or otherwise substandard), yet be deprecated in other such publications. Unless Wikipedia's own [[WP:Manual of Style]] (or one of its sub-guidelines) addresses the matter specifically, such cases are covered by the principles at [[MOS:ENGVAR]]: If challenged, discuss a desired change on the talk page, and if consensus cannot be reached, default to the usage of the first major contributor. Do not continue to make the same correction to other articles if such a challenge has not been resolved, as other editors may deem this [[WP:Disruptive editing|disruptive]].

==Typos can indicate larger problems==
* Be alert to passages where the typos suggest that the text has been processed by an [[optical character recognition]] (OCR) program. For instance, these programs sometimes substitute numbers for letters, like "1" for "l", an error that a human would be unlikely to make. OCRed text is likely to be a [[Wikipedia:Copyright violations|copyright violation]] and may need to be deleted rather than fixed. See [[Wikipedia:Text copyright violations 101]].
* Spelling mistakes in filenames in <code><nowiki>[[File:...]]</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>[[Image:...]]</nowiki></code> links must not be corrected, as this will break the link. You could [[Template:rename media|request that the file be renamed]] and then correct any links to it once the rename has been performed.
* News headlines imported from [[Wikinews]], typically in "Wikinews" pages in "[[Wikipedia:Portal|Portal]]" pages, cannot be corrected, as the [[User:JJMC89 bot/Wikinews importer|importer bot]] will simply re-import the bad spelling. Instead, go to the talk page of the Wikinews story and request a rename using {{tl|edit protected}}.
* Lists generated directly from [[Wikidata]], for example at [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red#By occupation from Wikidata]], cannot be corrected, as the [https://tools.wmflabs.org/listeria/ importer bot] will simply re-import the bad spelling. Instead, go to Wikidata and edit the description there.
* It is a truism of Wikipedia that vandals often spell things incorrectly. If the sentence in which you find a typo is unsourced or implausible, it is worth checking the article history. Often there will be a recent edit that can simply be reverted.

== Methods for searching and correcting typos ==

=== From a list of articles with detected typos ===

* [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/moss#Likely misspellings by article (main listing)]], a very active project currently spell-checking the entire encyclopedia
* [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AutoWikiBrowser]] (AWB) with [[User:Uziel302/AWB cleanup]].
* [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AutoWikiBrowser]] (AWB) with the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject TypoScan|TypoScan]] plugin
* [[Wikipedia:Correct typos in one click]]
* Lupin's [[User:Lupin/Anti-vandal tool|Anti-vandal tool]], which includes a live spell checker that checks for common typos in all newly updated articles.
* [[:Category:Wikipedia articles needing copy edit]] has many articles rife with typos (maintained by our friends at the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Guild of Copy Editors|Guild of Copy Editors]])
* [[Wikipedia:Database reports/Broken section anchors]]

=== From a list of common typos ===

* [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/moss#Likely misspellings by frequency (a-m)]] or [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/moss#Likely misspellings by frequency (n-z)]] has lists of the misspellings it thinks actually appear most commonly in English Wikipedia. Links to articles and "find all" searches.
* [[Wikipedia:Lists of common misspellings]]
* Find a misspelling on one of these lists, and then find English Wikipedia articles to edit using the built-in search engine at [[Special:Search]].
** [[Commonly misspelled English words]] (selective)
** [[Wikipedia:Lists of common misspellings]] (comprehensive)
** [[Wikipedia:List of commonly misused English words]], though there will be many [[false positive]]s (so using a grammar checker on a specific article or database dump might be more useful)
** Doubled words are common, so you can make up your own phrases like {{not a typo|"the the" and "of of"}}.
* [[Wikipedia:Adopt-a-typo]] – you can become the caretaker of a specific typo and declare this on your user page

=== In a specific article ===

==== Browser spell checking ====

Recent versions of all major web browsers, including [[Mozilla Firefox]], [[Google Chrome]], [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]], [[Microsoft Edge]], [[Internet Explorer]], [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]], and [[Konqueror]] have built-in spell-checking. If you have a mouse with multiple buttons, usually a right-click over a misspelled word will offer suggested corrections. Remember that suggestions and the flagging of words as misspelled are not always accurate, and you'll need to read the context carefully.

For Firefox, additional spell-check dictionaries, such as British, American, Canadian, and Australian English, are easily installed via "Add Ons" or via a right-click "Languages" in an HTML form.

You can also search the page (including the edit window) for specific text, usually with Ctrl+f (⌘+f on Mac) or from the Edit menu.

==== Browser usage and grammar checking ====

Several browser extensions are available to check usage and grammar. Be aware that these extensions typically send the text you are editing to an external web site, which has privacy implications, especially if you use the same browser for sites other than Wikipedia. Some of these also have web demos you can copy-and-paste text into, if you don't want to install a browser extension.

* [[LanguageTool]] – free and open source (seems to work best with short texts – use on one section at a time)
* [[Grammarly]] – proprietary but free
* [https://www.gingersoftware.com/extensions Ginger] from [[Ginger Software]] – limited preview, proprietary subscription software
* [https://www.scribens.com/ Scribens]

==== Utilities/scripts ====

* [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AutoWikiBrowser]] has [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|RegExTypoFix]] built in
* The in-browser text editor [[User:Cacycle/wikEd|wikEd]] can be [[User:Cacycle/wikEd_customization|customized]] to use RegExTypoFix.

==== External text editor ====

It is possible to select text in the edit box (up to a whole article), then copy and paste it into a local program, edit it, and copy and paste back again. For example, this may simplify alphabetical sorting of list items. However, this depends upon the character set being supported; for example, copying into a standard installation of [[LibreOffice Writer]] is likely to be successful, but [[Windows Notepad]] is likely to corrupt characters, particularly non-English ones. This will not cause trouble so long as you preview and/or compare the pasted-back text with the original before saving. A quick once-and-for-all check that an editing program is suitable is to copy a page with, say, Chinese characters to the local application, maybe change one letter, save locally and re-open, copy back to the WP edit page, and check changes.

== More spelling tools ==

The following online tools can be used if you are unsure of how a word is spelled.

* [https://spellcheck.net/ SpellCheck.net]
* [https://grammarchecker.net/ Spell Checker]

== Members of the Typo Team ==

{{dablink|To list your name, see: '''[[Wikipedia:Typo Team/Members]]'''}}

=== Userbox ===

There is a [[Wikipedia:Userboxes|userbox]] to show that you are a member of the Typo Team:

{| 
| {{User Typo Team}}
|}

Add {{Tlx|User Typo Team}} to show the project userbox on your user page. Note the bold "Wikipedia Typo Team" in the userbox above will be a link to this project page when used on your user page. The original userbox was designed by [[User:Galaxiaad|Galaxiaad]] and may still be used using the old {{Tlux|User:Galaxiaad/typo}}.

There are also userboxes for those who have [[Wikipedia:Adopt-a-typo|adopted a typo]], which can be found [[Wikipedia:Adopt-a-typo#Adopting a typo|here]].

=== Pledges ===

If you want, you can make a typo correction pledge on the [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/pledges|pledges page]].

=== Work completed ===

You can show your support by discussing your work completed at the [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/works_completed|works completed]] page.

=== Barnstars ===

If you feel like someone has done exceptional work, you can reward them with one of these.

{| class="wikitable"
!Image!!What to type
|-

|-
|<div class="center">[[File:Barnstar Typo Team.png]]</div>
|{{tlsp|Typo Team Barnstar|message <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>}}. 

|-

|-
|<div class="center">[[File:Barnstar Typo Team Ribbon.png]]</div>
|{{tlsp|Typo Team Medal|message <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>}}. 
|}

=== Banner ads ===

There are also some "ad"-style banner images to promote the Typo Team located at [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/ads]].

== See also ==
* [[Wikipedia:Adopt-a-typo]]
* [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos]]
* [[Wikipedia:Correct typos in one click]]
* [[Wikipedia:How to copy-edit]]
* [[Wikipedia:Maintenance]]
* [[Wikipedia:Lists of common misspellings]]
* [[Wikipedia:List of redirects from misspellings]]—obsolete
* [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/moss]]
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Check Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Fix common mistakes]]—includes misspelled words
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Grammar]]
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Guild of Copy Editors]]
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject TypoScan]]
* [[Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Pay attention to spelling]]

==External links==
*[https://www.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/index.html Common Errors in English Usage]

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