View source for Wallis and Futuna

{{short description|Overseas collectivity of France}}
{{pp-move}}
{{Expand French|section=yes|fa=yes|topic=hist|Histoire de Wallis-et-Futuna|date=May 2021}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox dependency
| name = Wallis and Futuna
| native_name = {{nobold|{{native name|fr|Wallis-et-Futuna}}}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{nobold|''ʻUvea mo Futuna''}}}} {{small|([[Wallisian language|Wallisian]] and [[Futunan language|Futunan]])}}
| settlement_type = [[Overseas collectivity|Overseas collectivity of France]]
| official_name = Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands<br />{{nobold|{{native name|fr|Territoire des îles Wallis-et-Futuna}}}}
| image_flag = Flag of Wallis and Futuna.svg
| flag_type = [[Flag of Wallis and Futuna|Flag (unofficial)]]
| flag_size  = 135px
| image_shield = BlasonWallisetFutuna.svg
| shield_size = 88px
| motto = {{native phrase|fr|"[[Liberté, égalité, fraternité]]"|italics=off}} ({{Langx|en|"Liberty, equality, fraternity"}})
| anthem = {{lang|fr|[[La Marseillaise]]}}<br/>{{Small|("The Marseillaise")}}<br/>{{Center|[[File:La Marseillaise.ogg]]}}
| image_map = Wallis and Futuna in France (zoomed).svg
| map_alt = Location of Wallis and Futuna
| map_caption = Location of Wallis and Futuna
| mapsize = 290px
| image_map2 = Carte de Wallis-et-Futuna.png
| subdivision_type = [[Sovereign state]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|France}}
| established_title = Protectorate over [[Wallis (island)|Wallis]]
| established_date = 5 April 1887
| established_title2 = Protectorate over [[Alo (Wallis and Futuna)|Alo]] and [[Sigave]]
| established_date2 = 16 February 1888
| established_title3 = Separation from [[New Caledonia]]
| established_date3 = 29 July 1961
| established_title4 = Current status
| established_date4 = 28 March 2003
| official_languages = [[French language|French]]
| common_languages = {{hlist|[[Wallisian language|Wallisian]]|[[Futunan language|Futunan]]}}
| capital = [[Mata Utu]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|13|17|S|176|11|W|type:city}}
| largest_city = capital
| demonym = {{hlist|Wallisian|Futunan}}
| government_type = [[Devolution|Devolved]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[Dependent territory|dependency]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of France]]
| leader_name1 = [[Emmanuel Macron]]
| leader_title2 = [[Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna|Administrator Superior]]
| leader_name2 = [[Hervé Jonathan]]
| leader_title3 = [[Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna|Assembly President]]
| leader_name3 = [[Munipoese Muli'aka'aka]]
| leader_title4 = [[List of kings of Uvea|King]] of [[Wallis (island)|Uvea]]
| leader_name4 = [[Patalione Kanimoa]]
| leader_title5 = [[List of kings of Alo|King]] of [[Alo (Wallis and Futuna)|Alo]]
| leader_name5 = Lino Leleivai
| leader_title6 = [[List of kings of Sigave|King]] of [[Sigave]]
| leader_name6 = Eufenio Takala
| legislature = [[Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna|Territorial Assembly]]
| national_representation = [[French Parliament]]
| national_representation_type1 = [[Senate (France)|Senate]]
| national_representation1 = [[List of senators of Wallis and Futuna|1 senator]] (of 348)
| national_representation_type2 = [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]]
| national_representation2 = [[List of constituencies of the National Assembly of France#Wallis and Futuna (986) – 1 seat|1 seat]] (of 577)
| area_km2 = 142.42
| area_rank = 
| percent_water = negligible
| elevation_max_m = 524
| elevation_max_ft = 1719
| population_census = 11,151
| population_census_year = 2023<ref name="citypopulation.de">{{cite web | url=https://citypopulation.de/en/wallisfutuna/cities/ | title=Wallis and Futuna: Islands, Districts & Major Villages - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information }}</ref>
| population_estimate = 
| population_census_rank = not ranked
| population_estimate_year = 
| population_density_km2 = 78.3
| population_density_sq_mi = 216.4 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] -->
| population_density_rank = not ranked
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_year =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = US$212&nbsp;million<ref name=GDP>{{cite web |url=https://www.cerom-outremer.fr/wallis-et-futuna/publications/etudes-cerom/evaluation-du-pib-de-wallis-et-futuna-en-2019.html |title=Évaluation du PIB de Wallis-et-Futuna en 2019  |author=INSEE, CEROM |access-date=2025-02-22 |language=fr}}</ref>
| GDP_nominal_year = 2019
| GDP_nominal_rank = 
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = US$18,360<ref name=GDP />
| currency = [[CFP franc]] (₣)
| currency_code = XPF
| timezone =
| utc_offset = +12:00
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[+681]]
| postal_code_type = [[INSEE code]]
| postal_code = 986
| iso_code = {{hlist|[[ISO 3166-2:WF|WF]]|[[ISO 3166-2:FR|FR-WF]]}}
| cctld = [[.wf]] and [[.fr]]
}}

'''Wallis and Futuna''', officially the '''Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands'''{{efn-ua|{{langx|fr|Wallis-et-Futuna}} {{IPA|fr|walis e futuna|}} or ''{{lang|fr|Territoire des îles Wallis-et-Futuna}}'', [[Fakauvea]] and [[Futunan language|Fakafutuna]]: ''{{lang|wls|ʻUvea mo Futuna}}''}}<ref>{{cite French law|number or usual name=n<sup>o</sup> 61-814|date in French=29 juillet 1961 |full name=conférant aux îles Wallis-et-Futuna le statut de territoire d'outre-mer |language=French |URL=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000684031&categorieLien=cid}}.</ref> ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|w|ɒ|l|ᵻ|s|...|f|uː|ˈ|t|uː|n|ə|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-Wallis and Futuna.wav}}), is a French island [[territorial collectivity|collectivity]] in the [[Oceania|South Pacific]], situated between [[Tuvalu]] to the northwest, [[Fiji]] to the southwest, [[Tonga]] to the southeast, [[Samoa]] to the east, and [[Tokelau]] to the northeast.

[[Mata Utu]] is its capital and largest city. Wallis and Futuna is associated with the [[European Union]] as an [[Overseas Countries and Territories|overseas country and territory (OCT)]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The European Union and Wallis and Futuna {{!}} EEAS |url=https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/european-union-and-wallis-and-futuna_en |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=www.eeas.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> The territory's land area is {{convert|142.42|km2|abbr=on}}. It had a population of 11,151 at the July 2023 census (down from 14,944 at the 2003 census).<ref name="citypopulation.de">{{cite web | url=https://citypopulation.de/en/wallisfutuna/cities/ | title=Wallis and Futuna: Islands, Districts & Major Villages - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information }}</ref> The territory is made up of three main [[volcano|volcanic]] [[tropical island]]s and a number of tiny [[islets]]. It is divided into two island groups that lie about {{convert|260|km|abbr=on}} apart: the [[Wallis Island]]s (also known as [[Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)|Uvea]]) in the northeast; and the [[Hoorn Islands]] (also known as the Futuna Islands) in the southwest, including [[Futuna Island, Wallis and Futuna|Futuna Island]] proper and the mostly uninhabited [[Alofi Island]].

Since 28 March 2003, Wallis and Futuna has been a [[Overseas collectivity|French overseas collectivity]] ({{lang|fr|[[collectivité d'outre-mer]]}}, or {{lang|fr|COM}}).<ref name="Wallis-et-Futuna">{{cite web |url=http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/wallis-et-futuna |title=Wallis-et-Futuna |website=outre-mer.gouv.fr |language=fr |access-date=16 October 2020}}</ref> Between 1961 and 2003, it had the status of a French overseas territory ({{lang|fr|[[territoire d'outre-mer]]}}, or {{lang|fr|TOM}}). Its official name did not change with the change in its status.

==History==
[[File:Wallis island picture by Samuel Wallis, ca 1767.jpg|left|thumb|upright=1.3|Drawing of Wallis Island by Captain [[Samuel Wallis]] in 1767]]
[[File:Coastal view of Wallis Island by Cook (1773).jpg|left|thumb|upright=1.3|Coastal view of Wallis island by Captain [[James Cook]] in 1773]]
[[File:Talietumu.jpg|left|thumb|upright=1.3|Ruins of the [[Talietumu|Talietumu fort]]]]

===Early humans===
The earliest signs of human habitation on these islands are artifacts characteristic of the [[Lapita culture]], dating roughly to between 850 and 800 BCE. The islands served as natural stopover points for boat traffic, mostly between [[Fiji]] and [[Samoa]]. During Tongan invasions in the 15th and 16th centuries, the islands defended themselves with varying levels of resistance, but also accepted varying degrees of assimilation. Futuna retained more of its pre-[[Tongan culture|Tongan cultural features]], while Wallis underwent greater fundamental changes in its society, language, and culture.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Sand |first=Christophe |year=2006 |title=A View from the West: Samoa in the Culture History of 'Uvea (Wallis) and Futuna (Western Polynesia) |journal=The Journal of Sāmoa Studies |volume=2 |pages=5–15}}</ref> The original inhabitants built forts and other identifiable structures on the islands (many of which are in ruins), some of which are still partially intact. Oral history and archaeological evidence suggests that the Tongan invaders re-occupied and modified some of these structures. The oral history also preserves a cultural memory of relationships between Samoa and Futuna that are so longstanding that they are described in the islanders' origin stories.<ref name=":0"/>

===European settlements===
Futuna was first put on European maps by [[Willem Schouten]] and [[Jacob Le Maire]], during their [[circumnavigation]] of the globe, in 1616. They named the islands of Futuna "Hoornse Eylanden", after the Dutch town of [[Hoorn]] where they hailed from. This was later translated into French, as "Isles de Horne". The Wallis Islands are named after the British explorer [[Samuel Wallis]], who sailed past them in 1767, after being the first European to visit [[Tahiti]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.guampedia.com/pop-cultures-wallis-and-futuna/ |title=POP Culture: Wallis and Futuna |website=Guampedia|date=16 December 2015 |access-date=2017-03-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Wallis Archipelago|volume=28|page=285}}</ref> The French were the first Europeans to settle in the territory,<ref>{{Cite web |title= POP Cultures: Wallis and Futuna |url=https://www.guampedia.com/pop-cultures-wallis-and-futuna/|access-date=2021-05-24 |website=www.guampedia.com|date=16 December 2015 }}</ref> with the arrival of French [[missionary|missionaries]] in 1837, who converted the population to Roman Catholicism. [[Peter Chanel|Pierre Chanel]], [[canonization|canonized]] in 1954, is a major [[patron saint]] of the island of Futuna and of the region.

On 5 April 1842, the missionaries asked for the protection of France, after the uprising of part of the local population. On 5 April 1887, the queen of [[Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)|Uvea]] (of the traditional [[chiefdom]] of Wallis) signed a treaty, officially establishing a French [[protectorate]]. The kings of [[Sigave]] and [[Alo (Wallis and Futuna)|Alo]] (on the islands of Futuna and [[Alofi]]) also signed a treaty establishing a French protectorate, on 16 February 1888. From that moment, the islands were officially under the authority of the [[French colonial empire|French colony]] of [[New Caledonia]].

In 1917, the three traditional kingdoms of Uvea, Sigave, and Alo were [[annexation|annexed]] by France, integrated into the colony of Wallis and Futuna, and remained under the authority of the colony of New Caledonia.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NA19171004.2.5 |title=WALLIS ISLAND. |work=Northern Advocate |page=1 |date=4 October 2017 |access-date=18 June 2022 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

===World War II===
{{Main|Wallis and Futuna during the Second World War}}
{{Campaignbox Vichy France Military in World War II}}

During [[World War II]], the islands' administration was briefly pro-[[Vichy France|Vichy]], until a ''Free French'' [[corvette]] from New Caledonia deposed the regime, on 26 May 1942. Units of the [[US Marine Corps]] later landed on Wallis, on 29 May 1942.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rottman |first=Gordon L. |year=2002 |title=U.S. Marine Corps World War II Order of Battle: Ground and Air Units in the Pacific War, 1939-1945 |page=213 |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury Academic]] |location=London |isbn=978-0-313-31906-8}}</ref>

===Overseas territory===
In 1959, the inhabitants of the islands [[1959 Wallis and Futuna status referendum|voted]] to become a separate [[Overseas departments and territories of France|French overseas territory]], effective since 29 July 1961,<ref name="Wallis-et-Futuna"/> thus ending their subordination to New Caledonia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107555.html |title=Wallis and Futuna Islands |website=InfoPlease|access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref>

In 2005, the 50th [[Lavelua|king of Uvea]], [[Tomasi Kulimoetoke II]], faced being deposed after giving sanctuary to his grandson who was convicted of manslaughter. The king claimed his grandson should be judged by tribal law rather than by the French penal system. As a result, there were riots in the streets involving the king's supporters, who were victorious over attempts to replace the king. Two years later, Tomasi Kulimoetoke died on 7 May 2007. There was a six-month period of mourning, during which mentioning a successor was forbidden.<ref name="BBC News">{{cite news |author=BBC News | author-link=BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/6711691.stm |title=Been and gone – fit for a King | access-date=3 June 2007 |date=1 June 2007}}</ref> On 25 July 2008, [[Kapeliele Faupala]] was installed as king despite protests from some of the royal clans. He was deposed in 2014. A new king, [[Patalione Kanimoa]], was eventually installed in Uvea in 2016; Lino Leleivai in Alo on Futuna succeeded after Filipo Katoa abdicated, and Eufenio Takala succeeded Polikalepo Kolivai in Sigave. The French president at the time, [[François Hollande]], attended the installation ceremony.

==Governance and law==
<!--Please add new information into relevant articles of the series-->
{{Main|Politics of Wallis and Futuna}}
The territory is divided into three traditional kingdoms (''royaumes coutumiers''): [[Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)|Uvea]], on the island of Wallis, [[Sigave]], on the western part of the island of Futuna, and [[Alo (Wallis and Futuna)|Alo]], on the eastern part of the island of Futuna and on the uninhabited island of Alofi (only Uvea is further subdivided, into three districts):

{| class="wikitable"
!align="left" | Kingdom<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;District || Capital|| Area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>) || Population<br />2003 census || Population<br />2018 census || Population<br />2023 census || 2003–2018<br />evolution || [[List of villages in Wallis and Futuna|Villages]]{{efn|Refers to villages with municipal status.}}
|-style="background: #eeeeee;"
| colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Wallis (island)|Wallis Island]]'''
|-
| [[Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)|Uvea]] (Wallis)|| [[Mata Utu]]|| align="right" | 77.5 || align="right" | 10,071|| align="right" | 8,333|| align="right" | 8,088|| align="right" |{{down}} −17.3%|| align="right" | 21
|-style="background: #ffffff;" | 
|style="padding-left:1em" | [[Hihifo District|Hihifo]] (''"west"'')|| [[Vaitupu, Wallis and Futuna|Vaitupu]] || align="right" | 23.4 || align="right" | 2,422|| align="right" | 1,942|| align="right" | 1,855|| align="right" |{{down}} −19.8%||align="right" | 5
|-style="background: #ffffff;" | 
|style="padding-left:1em" | [[Hahake District|Hahake]] (''"east"'')|| [[Mata Utu]] || align="right" | 27.8 || align="right" | 3,950|| align="right" | 3,415|| align="right" | 3,343|| align="right" |{{down}} −13.5%||align="right" | 6
|-style="background: #ffffff;" | 
|style="padding-left:1em" | [[Mua District|Mu'a]] (''"first"'')|| [[Mala'efo'ou]]{{efn|Formerly called Mua.}} || align="right" | 26.3 || align="right" | 3,699|| align="right" | 2,976|| align="right" | 2,890||  align="right" |{{down}} −19.5%||align="right" | 10
|-style="background: #eeeeee;"
| colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)|Futuna]]'''{{efn|[[Alofi Island|Alofi]] is virtually uninhabited; administratively it falls under Alo.}}
|-
|[[Sigave]] (Singave)|| [[Leava]] || align="right" | 16.75|| align="right" | 1,880|| align="right" | 1,275|| align="right" | 1,188|| align="right" |{{down}} −32.2%|| align="right" | 6
|-
|[[Alo (Wallis and Futuna)|Alo]] || [[Mala'e (Futuna)|Mala'e]]  || align="right" | 47.5|| align="right" | 2,993|| align="right" | 1,950|| align="right" | 1,875||  align="right" |{{down}} −34.8%||align="right" | 9
|-style="background: #dddddd;"
| Total [[Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)|Futuna]]|| [[Leava]] || align="right" | 64.25|| align="right" | 4,873 || align="right" | 3,225|| align="right" | 3,063|| align="right"  |{{down}} −33.8%|| align="right" |15
|-style="background: #dddddd;"
| Overall total|| [[Mata Utu]] || align="right" | 142.42|| align="right" | 14,944 || align="right" | 11,558|| align="right" | 11,151|| align="right"  |{{down}} −22.7%|| align="right" |36
|-
|colspan=7|{{notelist}}
|}

The capital of the collectivity is [[Mata Utu]] on the island of Uvéa, the most populous of the Wallis Islands. As an overseas collectivity of France, it is governed under the [[Constitution of France|French constitution]] of 28 September 1958, and has universal [[suffrage]] for those over 18 years of age. The [[President of France|French president]] is elected by popular vote for a five-year term; the [[Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna|high administrator]] is appointed by the French president on the advice of the [[French Ministry of the Interior]] and heads the Territory Government; the president of the Territorial Assembly is elected by the members of the assembly. The [[2022 Wallis and Futuna Territorial Assembly election|most recent election was held on 20 March 2022]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elections territoriales pour plusieurs collectivités d'Outre-mer le 20 mars|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/elections-territoriales-pour-plusieurs-collectivites-d-outre-mer-le-20-mars-1196617.html|access-date=2022-01-15|website=Outre-mer la 1ère|date=5 January 2022 |language=fr-FR}}</ref>

As of 2023, the head of state is President [[Emmanuel Macron]] of France, as represented by Administrator-Superior [[Hervé Jonathan]].<ref>{{cite web |title=France appoints new prefect of Wallis and Futuna |url=https://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/378725/france-appoints-new-prefect-of-wallis-and-futuna |website=Radio New Zealand |date=20 December 2018 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> The president of the Territorial Assembly has been [[Munipoese Muliʻakaʻaka]] since March 2022.<ref>[http://rulers.org/rulvw.html#wallis_and_futuna Wallis and Futuna] Rulers.org</ref> The Council of the Territory consists of three kings (monarchs of the three pre-colonial kingdoms) and three members appointed by the high administrator on the advice of the Territorial Assembly.

The legislative branch consists of the unicameral 20-member Territorial Assembly or ''[[Assemblée territoriale]]''. Its members are elected by popular vote, and serve five-year terms. Wallis and Futuna elects one senator to the [[French Senate]] and one deputy to the [[French National Assembly]].

Criminal justice is generally governed by French law and administered by a tribunal of first resort in Mata Utu; appeals from that tribunal are decided by the [[Court of Appeal (France)|Court of Appeal]] in [[Nouméa]], [[New Caledonia]]. However, in non-criminal cases (civil-law disputes), the three traditional kingdoms administer justice according to [[customary law]].

The territory participates in the [[CFP franc|Franc Zone]], and is both a permanent member of the [[Secretariat of the Pacific Community]] and an observer at the [[Pacific Islands Forum]].

==Geography and climate==
[[File:Wallis and Futuna in France (zoomed).svg|thumb|Location map of Wallis and Futuna in relation to France.]]
[[File:Wallis and Futuna-CIA WFB Map.png|thumb|Map of the territory of Wallis and Futuna]]
[[File:Wallis vue du ciel.jpg|left|thumb|Aerial view of [[Wallis Island]] (Uvea)]]
Wallis and Futuna is located at {{Coord|13|18|S|176|12|W|type:isle|display=inline,title}}, {{convert|360|km|mi|abbr=on}} west of Samoa and {{convert|480|km|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of Fiji — about one-third of the way northeast from New Zealand towards Hawaii.

The territory includes the island of Uvéa (also called Wallis), which is the most populous; the island of Futuna; the virtually uninhabited island of Alofi; and 20 uninhabited islets. The total area of the territory is {{convert|274|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, with {{convert|129|km|mi|abbr=on}} of coastline. The highest point in the territory is [[Mont Puke]], on the island of Futuna, at {{convert|524|m|ft|abbr=on}}.

The islands have a hot, rainy season from November to April, when tropical cyclones passing over them cause storms. Then they have a cool, dry season from May to October, caused by the southeast trade winds that predominate during those months. The average annual rainfall is between {{convert|2,500|and|3,000|mm|in|abbr=off|sp=us}}, and rain is likely on at least 260 days per year. The average humidity is 80%. The average annual temperature is {{convert|26.6|C|F}}, rarely falling below {{convert|24.0|C|F}}; during the rainy season, it ranges between {{convert|28.0|and|32.0|C|F}}.

Only 5% of the islands' land area consists of [[arable land]]; permanent crops cover another 20%. [[Deforestation]] is a serious problem: Only small portions of the original forests remain, largely because the inhabitants use wood as their main fuel source, and, as a result, the mountainous terrain of Futuna is particularly susceptible to [[erosion]]. The island of Alofi lacks natural freshwater resources, so it has no permanent settlements.

Volcanic activity during the mid-[[Pleistocene]] created numerous [[volcanic crater lake]]s on [[Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)|Uvea]] (Wallis Island). The names of some of them are: [[Lake Lalolalo|Lalolalo]], Lano, [[Lake Lanutavake|Lanutavake]], Lanutuli, Lanumaha, [[Lake Kikila|Kikila]], and [[Lake Alofivai|Alofivai]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sprep.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/wallis-futuna-wetlands-directory.pdf |title=Wetlands of Wallis and Futuna |publisher=Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) and Service de l'Environnement |year=2017}}</ref>

Wallis and Futuna is part of the [[Fiji tropical moist forests]] terrestrial ecoregion.<ref name="DinersteinOlson2017">{{cite journal |last1=Dinerstein |first1=Eric |last2=Olson |first2=David |last3=Joshi |first3=Anup |last4=Vynne |first4=Carly |last5=Burgess |first5=Neil D. |last6=Wikramanayake |first6=Eric |last7=Hahn |first7=Nathan |last8=Palminteri |first8=Suzanne |last9=Hedao |first9=Prashant|last10=Noss|first10=Reed |last11=Hansen |first11=Matt |last12=Locke |first12=Harvey |last13=Ellis |first13=Erle C |last14=Jones |first14=Benjamin |last15=Barber |first15=Charles Victor |last16=Hayes |first16=Randy |last17=Kormos |first17=Cyril |last18=Martin |first18=Vance |last19=Crist |first19=Eileen|last20=Sechrest|first20=Wes |last21=Price |first21=Lori |last22=Baillie |first22=Jonathan E. M. |last23=Weeden |first23=Don |last24=Suckling |first24=Kierán |last25=Davis |first25=Crystal |last26=Sizer |first26=Nigel |last27=Moore |first27=Rebecca |last28=Thau |first28=David |last29=Birch |first29=Tanya|last30=Potapov|first30=Peter |last31=Turubanova |first31=Svetlana |last32=Tyukavina |first32=Alexandra |last33=de Souza |first33=Nadia |last34=Pintea |first34=Lilian |last35=Brito |first35=José C. |last36=Llewellyn |first36=Othman A. |last37=Miller |first37=Anthony G. |last38=Patzelt |first38=Annette |last39=Ghazanfar |first39=Shahina A.|last40=Timberlake|first40=Jonathan |last41=Klöser |first41=Heinz |last42=Shennan-Farpón |first42=Yara |last43=Kindt |first43=Roeland |last44=Lillesø |first44=Jens-Peter Barnekow |last45=van Breugel |first45=Paulo |last46=Graudal |first46=Lars |last47=Voge |first47=Maianna |last48=Al-Shammari |first48=Khalaf F. |last49=Saleem |first49=Muhammad|display-authors=1 |title=An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm |journal=BioScience |volume=67 |issue=6 |year=2017 |pages=534–545 |issn=0006-3568 |doi=10.1093/biosci/bix014 |pmid=28608869|pmc=5451287 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = [[Mata Utu]] (Köppen Af)
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|collapsed = yes
|width = auto 
|Jan high C = 30.3
|Feb high C = 30.4
|Mar high C = 30.3
|Apr high C = 30.3
|May high C = 29.7
|Jun high C = 29.4
|Jul high C = 28.9
|Aug high C = 29.1
|Sep high C = 29.3
|Oct high C = 29.5
|Nov high C = 29.9
|Dec high C = 30.3

|Jan mean C = 27.4
|Feb mean C = 27.5
|Mar mean C = 27.4
|Apr mean C = 27.4
|May mean C = 27.0
|Jun mean C = 26.9
|Jul mean C = 26.5
|Aug mean C = 26.6
|Sep mean C = 26.8
|Oct mean C = 26.9
|Nov mean C = 27.1
|Dec mean C = 27.4

|Jan low C = 24.4
|Feb low C = 24.5
|Mar low C = 24.5
|Apr low C = 24.4
|May low C = 24.3
|Jun low C = 24.4
|Jul low C = 24.0
|Aug low C = 24.1
|Sep low C = 24.2
|Oct low C = 24.2
|Nov low C = 24.3
|Dec low C = 24.4

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 381.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 301.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 373.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 287.6
|May precipitation mm = 258.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 159.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 186.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 149.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 221.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 330.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 322.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 350.3

|Jan rain days = 20
|Feb rain days = 19
|Mar rain days = 19
|Apr rain days = 16
|May rain days = 16
|Jun rain days = 14
|Jul rain days = 14
|Aug rain days = 14
|Sep rain days = 14
|Oct rain days = 19
|Nov rain days = 17
|Dec rain days = 19
|source = Weatherbase<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=917530&cityname=Mata-Utu-Hahake-Wallis-and-Futuna |title=Mata-Utu, Wallis and Futuna |website=Weatherbase}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box
|location = [[Hihifo District]] (Köppen Af)
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|collapsed = yes
|width = auto 
|Jan record high C = 33.0
|Feb record high C = 33.0
|Mar record high C = 32.8
|Apr record high C = 33.4
|May record high C = 32.8
|Jun record high C = 32.1
|Jul record high C = 31.4
|Aug record high C = 31.5
|Sep record high C = 32.0
|Oct record high C = 31.9
|Nov record high C = 33.1
|Dec record high C = 32.7
|year record high C = 33.4
|Jan high C = 30.7
|Feb high C = 30.8
|Mar high C = 30.9
|Apr high C = 30.8
|May high C = 30.4
|Jun high C = 29.8
|Jul high C = 29.4
|Aug high C = 29.6
|Sep high C = 29.9
|Oct high C = 30.1
|Nov high C = 30.5
|Dec high C = 30.7
|year high C = 30.3
|Jan mean C = 27.9
|Feb mean C = 27.9
|Mar mean C = 27.9
|Apr mean C = 28.0
|May mean C = 27.7
|Jun mean C = 27.5
|Jul mean C = 27.0
|Aug mean C = 27.1
|Sep mean C = 27.3
|Oct mean C = 27.4
|Nov mean C = 27.6
|Dec mean C = 27.9
|year mean C = 27.6
|Jan low C = 25.0
|Feb low C = 25.0
|Mar low C = 25.0
|Apr low C = 25.1
|May low C = 25.0
|Jun low C = 25.1
|Jul low C = 24.6
|Aug low C = 24.6
|Sep low C = 24.8
|Oct low C = 24.7
|Nov low C = 24.8
|Dec low C = 25.0
|year low C = 24.9
|Jan record low C = 19.9
|Feb record low C = 20.5
|Mar record low C = 19.6
|Apr record low C = 19.3
|May record low C = 18.5
|Jun record low C = 19.7
|Jul record low C = 18.0
|Aug record low C = 18.4
|Sep record low C = 19.2
|Oct record low C = 19.5
|Nov record low C = 20.5
|Dec record low C = 19.5
|year record low C = 18.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 395.2
|Feb precipitation mm = 332.1
|Mar precipitation mm = 309.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 289.1
|May precipitation mm = 223.8
|Jun precipitation mm = 179.7
|Jul precipitation mm = 213.4
|Aug precipitation mm = 165.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 219.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 297.8
|Nov precipitation mm = 306.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 347.0
|year precipitation mm = 3278.7
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 20.2
|Feb precipitation days = 18.1
|Mar precipitation days = 19.3
|Apr precipitation days = 17.4
|May precipitation days = 16.7
|Jun precipitation days = 14.8
|Jul precipitation days = 15.6
|Aug precipitation days = 14.5
|Sep precipitation days = 15.4
|Oct precipitation days = 17.7
|Nov precipitation days = 18.0
|Dec precipitation days = 19.9
|year precipitation days = 207.6
|Jan sun = 170.9
|Feb sun = 161.4
|Mar sun = 175.4
|Apr sun = 185.9
|May sun = 180.8
|Jun sun = 167.9
|Jul sun = 179.8
|Aug sun = 192.5
|Sep sun = 191.0
|Oct sun = 187.4
|Nov sun = 181.6
|Dec sun = 175.2
|year sun = 2149.9
|source 1 = [[Météo France]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_98613001.pdf
| title=Climate of Hihifo 1991-2020
| language = fr
| publisher = [[Météo-France]]
| access-date = August 25, 2022}}</ref>}}

==Islands==
{{Multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 
| image1 = Wallis Uvea ISS004.jpg
| width1 = 150
| alt1 = 
| caption1 = Satellite image of [[Wallis Island]]
| image2 = Futuna and Alofi.jpg
| width2 = 150
| alt2 = 
| caption2 = Satellite image of [[Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)|Futuna Island]] and [[Alofi Island]], also known as the [[Hoorn Islands]]
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! style="background: #CCC;" class="unsortable"|Island!!style="background: #CCC;" class="unsortable"| Capital !!style="background: #CCC;" class="unsortable" width=350|Other villages!!style="background: #CCC;"| Area&nbsp;(km<sup>2</sup>) !!style="background: #CCC;"| Population<ref name="citypopulation.de"/>
|-style="background:#FFFFFF;"
|[[Customary kingdoms of Wallis and Futuna|Wallis and Futuna]]||[[Mata Utu]] ||[[Leava]], [[Vaitupu, Wallis and Futuna|Vaitupu]], [[Alele]], [[Liku, Wallis and Futuna|Liku]], [[Falaleu]], [[Utufua]] ||align="right"|142.42||align="right"|11,558
|-style="background:#F2E0CE;"
|[[Hoorn Islands|'''Hoorn Islands<br />(Futuna and Alofi islands)''']] ||[[Leava]] ||[[Fiua]], [[Nuku]], [[Taoa]], [[Mala'e (Futuna)|Mala'e]], [[Ono, Wallis and Futuna|Ono]], [[Vele]]||align="right"|64.1||align="right"|3,239
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Alofi Island|Alofi]] || || ||align="right"|17.8||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)|Futuna]] ||[[Leava]] ||[[Toloke]], [[Fiua]], [[Vaisei]], [[Nuku, Wallis and Futuna|Nuku]], [[Taoa]], [[Mala'e (Futuna)|Mala'e]], [[Kolopelu]], [[Ono, Wallis and Futuna|Ono]], [[Kolia]], [[Vele]], [[Kolotai]], [[Laloua]], [[Poi, Wallis and Futuna|Poi]], [[Tamana, Wallis and Futuna|Tamana]], [[Tuatafa]], [[Tavai]]<br />{{Fix|text=Does this total include Nukuloa etc.? If so, it should be indicated as a sub-total.}} || align="right" |46.3||align="right"|3,225
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Faioa]]|| || ||align="right"|0.68||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Fenuafo'ou]]|| || ||align="right"|0.03||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Fugalei]] || || ||align="right"|0.18||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Ilot St. Christophe]]|| [[Chappel St. Christophe]]||{{Fix|text=How can an uninhabited island have a capital?}} ||align="right"|0.03||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Luaniva]] || || ||align="right"|0.18||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Nukuatea]]|| || ||align="right"|0.74||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Nukufotu]]|| || ||align="right"|0.04||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Nukuhifala]] ||[[Nukuhifala]] || ||align="right"|0.067||align="right"|4
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Nukuhione]] || || ||align="right"|0.02||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Nukuloa]]||[[Nukuloa]]|| ||align="right"|0.35||align="right"|10
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Nukutapu]]|| || ||align="right"|0.05||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Nukuteatea]]|| || ||align="right"|0.1||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|Other ||[[Nukuato]]|| ||align="right"|0.043||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#F2E0CE;"
|'''Wallis Islands''' ||[[Mata Utu]] ||[[Vaitupu, Wallis and Futuna|Vaitupu]], [[Alele]], [[Liku, Wallis and Futuna|Liku]], [[Falaleu]], [[Utufua]], [[Mala'efo'ou]], [[Mala'e (Wallis)|Mala'e]]  ||align="right"|75.9||align="right"|8,333
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Wallis (island)]] ||[[Mata Utu]] ||[[Vaitupu, Wallis and Futuna|Vaitupu]], [[Alele]], [[Liku, Wallis and Futuna|Liku]], [[Falaleu]], [[Utufua]], [[Mala'efo'ou]], [[Mala'e (Wallis)|Mala'e]]  ||align="right"|75.8||align="right"|8,333
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|[[Tekaviki]]|| || ||align="right"|0.01||align="right"|0
|-style="background:#AEE0F2;"
|Other || || ||align="right"|0||align="right"|0
|-
|-style="background:#F2E0CE;" | class="sortbottom"
|Wallis and Futuna ||[[Mata Utu]] ||[[Leava]], [[Vaitupu, Wallis and Futuna|Vaitupu]], [[Alele]], [[Liku, Wallis and Futuna|Liku]], [[Falaleu]], [[Utufua]]||align="right"|142.42||align="right" |11,558
|}

==Flora and fauna==
{{see also|List of mammals of the Wallis and Futuna Islands}}

==Economy==
{{main|Economy of Wallis and Futuna}}
The [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] of Wallis and Futuna in 2019 was US$212&nbsp;million (at market exchange rates).<ref name=GDP /> 
The territory's economy consists mostly of traditional subsistence agriculture, with about 80% of the labor force earning its livelihood from agriculture ([[coconut]]s and vegetables), livestock (mostly pigs), and fishing. About 4% of the population is employed in government. Additional revenue comes from French government subsidies, licensing of fishing rights to Japan and South Korea, import taxes, and remittances from expatriate workers in New Caledonia, French Polynesia, and France. Industries include [[copra]], handicrafts, fishing, and lumber. Agricultural products include coconuts, [[breadfruit]], yams, [[taro]], bananas, pigs, and fish.
Exports include [[copra]], chemicals, and fish.

There is a single bank in the territory, Banque de Wallis-et-Futuna, established in 1991. It is a subsidiary of [[BNP Paribas]]. There had previously been a branch of [[Banque Indosuez]] at Mata Utu. It had opened in 1977, but was closed in 1989, leaving the territory without any bank for two years.

== Demographics ==
===Population===
{{Main|Demographics of Wallis and Futuna}}
[[File:Taoa (Futuna).jpg|right|thumb|[[Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)|Futuna Island]]]]
[[File:Sérénité - plage d'Alofi (Wallis et Futuna).jpg|right|thumb|[[Alofi Island]]]]
The total population of the territory at the July 2023 census was 11,151 (72.5% on the island of Wallis, 27.5% on the island of Futuna),<ref name=census_2023>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wallis-et-futuna.gouv.fr/Actualites/Les-chiffres-INSEE-du-recensement-2023-authentifies-sont-parus|title = Résultats du recensement de la population 2023 de Wallis-et-Futuna  |language=fr |publisher=Préfet des îles Wallis et Futuna |access-date=2024-01-17 }}</ref> down from 14,944 at the July 2003 census.<ref name=past_censuses>{{cite web |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1281314 |title=Wallis et Futuna a perdu près du cinquième de sa population en dix ans |author=INSEE |access-date=2019-04-07 |language=fr}}</ref> The vast majority of the population are of [[Polynesian people|Polynesian]] ethnicity, with a small minority who were born in [[Metropolitan France]] or are of French European descent.

Lack of economic opportunities has, since the 1950s, been impelling many young Wallisians and Futunians to migrate to the more prosperous French territory of [[New Caledonia]], where, as French citizens, they are legally entitled to settle and work. Since the mid-2000s, emigration has surged in response to political tensions on the main island of Wallis (Uvea), that have arisen from a feud between rival aristocratic clans, who are supporting competing kings. Emigrants have begun settling, not only in New Caledonia, but also much farther away, in Metropolitan France. At the 2019 New Caledonian census, 22,520 residents of New Caledonia (whether born in New Caledonia or in Wallis and Futuna) reported their ethnicity as "Wallisian and Futunian".<ref name="Population Structure of Communities">{{cite web |url=https://www.isee.nc/component/phocadownload/category/278-donnees?download=874:structure-de-la-population-des-communautes |title=Population Structure of Communities |publisher=[[Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies]] (ISEE-NC) |place=Nouméa |access-date=29 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113144638/http://www.isee.nc/component/phocadownload/category/278-donnees?download=874:structure-de-la-population-des-communautes |archive-date=13 November 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> This is almost double the total population of Wallis and Futuna.

====Historical population====
{| align="center" class="wikitable"
! 1969 !! 1976 !! 1983 !! 1990 !! 1996 !! 2003 !! 2008 !! 2013 !! 2018 !! 2023
|-
| align=center| 8,546 || align=center| 9,192 || align=center| 12,408 || align=center| 13,705 || align=center| 14,166 || align=center| 14,944|| align=center| 13,484|| align=center|12,197 || align=center|11,558 || align=center|11,151
|-
| colspan=13 align=center| <small>Official figures from past censuses.</small><ref name="past_censuses"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2121453 |title=Wallis et Futuna - Recensement de la population |author=INSEE|access-date=2019-04-07}}</ref><ref name=census_2023/>
|}

===Languages===
{{further|Wallisian language|Futunan language}}
{| class="wikitable sortable style="text-align:right;"
|+Percentages of speakers of each language
! Language most spoken<br />at home in<br />Wallis and Futuna<ref>{{Cite web |title=Recensement général de la population {{!}} Service Territorial de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques |url=https://www.statistique.wf/recensements-et-enquetes/recensement-general-de-la-population/ |access-date=2024-11-09 |language=fr-FR}}</ref>
!2008
!2013
!2018
!2023
! Change<br />(2018 – 2023)
|-style="text-align:right;"
![[Wallisian language|Wallisian]] 
| 60.15||58.14||59.15 ||57.32 ||{{decrease|-1.83}}1.83
|-style="text-align:right;"
![[Futunan language|Futunan]] 
| 29.89||28.40|| 27.89 || 28.20 ||{{increase|0.31}}0.31
|-style="text-align:right;"
![[French language|French]]
| 9.71||13.08||12.72 || 14.29 ||{{increase|1.57}}1.57
|-style="text-align:right;"
!Other 
| 0.25||0.38||0.24||0.19 ||{{decrease|-0.05}}0.05
|}
{{Pie chart
 | thumb   = right
 | caption = '''Languages spoken at home in Wallis and Futuna (2018 Census)<ref name=home_language_2018/>'''
 | label1 = Wallisian
 | value1 = 59.1| color2=#36A
 | label2 = Futunan
 | value2 = 27.9| color1=#6A5
 | label3 = French
 | value3 = 12.7 | color3=#FF33AC
 }}
According to the 2018 census, among people 14 years and older, 59.1% reported [[Wallisian]] as the language they spoke the most at home (down from 60.2% in 2008), 27.9% reported [[Futunan]] (down from 29.9% in 2008), and 12.7% reported French (up from 9.7% in 2008).<ref name=home_language_2018>{{cite web |url=https://www.statistique.wf/download/43/recensement-2018/1157/principaux_tableaux_population_2018.ods |title=Recensement 2018 - Tableau Pop_06_6: Population selon le sexe, la langue la plus couramment parlée en famille, l'âge décennal et par village de résidence |author=STSEE |format=ODS| access-date=2023-03-07 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name=home_languages_2008>{{cite web |url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/irweb/rpwf08/dd/excel/rpwf08_Pop_06.xls |title=Recensement 2008 - Tableau Pop_06_6: Population selon le sexe, la langue la plus couramment parlée en famille, l'âge décennal et par village de résidence |publisher=Government of France |format=XLS| access-date=3 October 2009 |language=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604180112/http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/irweb/rpwf08/dd/excel/rpwf08_Pop_06.xls|archive-date=2011-06-04}}</ref> On [[Wallis Island]], the languages most spoken at home were Wallisian (82.2%, down from 86.1% in 2008), French (15.6%, up from 12.1% in 2008), and Futunan (1.9%, up from 1.5% in 2008).<ref name=home_language_2018 /><ref name=home_languages_2008 /> On [[Futuna Island, Wallis and Futuna|Futuna]], the languages most spoken at home were Futunan (94.5%, down from 94.9% in 2008), French (5.3%, up from 4.2% in 2008), and Wallisian (0.2%, down from 0.8% in 2008).<ref name=home_language_2018 /><ref name=home_languages_2008 />

At the 2018 census, 90.5% of people 14 y/o and older could speak, read and write either Wallisian or Futunan (up from 88.5% at the 2008 census), and 7.2% had no knowledge of either Wallisian or Futunan (same percentage as at the 2008 census).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.statistique.wf/download/43/recensement-2018/1157/principaux_tableaux_population_2018.ods |title=Recensement 2018 - Tableau Pop_06_4: Population selon le sexe, la connaissance d'une langue polynésienne et par unité administrative de résidence |author=STSEE |format=ODS| access-date=2023-03-07 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/irweb/rpwf08/dd/excel/rpwf08_Pop_06.xls |title=Recensement 2008 - Tableau Pop_06_4: Population selon le sexe, la connaissance d'une langue polynésienne et par village de résidence |publisher=Government of France |format=XLS| access-date=3 October 2009 |language=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604180112/http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/irweb/rpwf08/dd/excel/rpwf08_Pop_06.xls|archive-date=2011-06-04}}</ref>

Among those 14 y/o and older, 84.2% could speak, read and write French in 2018 (up from 78.2% at the 2008 census), and 11.8% reported that they had no knowledge of French (down from 17.3% at the 2008 census).<ref name=french_language_2018>{{cite web |url=https://www.statistique.wf/download/43/recensement-2018/1157/principaux_tableaux_population_2018.ods |title=Recensement 2018 - Tableau Pop_06_2: Population selon le sexe, la connaissance du français et par unité administrative de résidence |author=STSEE |format=ODS| access-date=2023-03-07 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name=french_language_2008>{{cite web |url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/irweb/rpwf08/dd/excel/rpwf08_Pop_06.xls |title=Recensement 2008 - Tableau Pop_06_2: Population selon le sexe, la connaissance du français et par village de résidence |publisher=Government of France |format=XLS| access-date=3 October 2009 |language=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604180112/http://www.insee.fr/fr/ppp/bases-de-donnees/irweb/rpwf08/dd/excel/rpwf08_Pop_06.xls|archive-date=2011-06-04}}</ref> On Wallis Island, 85.1% of people age 14 or older could speak, read and write French (up from 81.1% at the 2008 census), and 10.9% reported that they had no knowledge of French (down from 14.3% at the 2008 census).<ref name=french_language_2018 /><ref name=french_language_2008 /> On Futuna, 81.9% of people age 14 or older could speak, read and write French (up from 71.6% at the 2008 census), and 14.0% had no knowledge of French (down from 24.3% at the 2008 census).<ref name=french_language_2018 /><ref name=french_language_2008 />

===Religion===
[[File:Cathédrale de Mata-Utu (Wallis-et-Futuna) drone.png|thumb|[[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption, Mata-Utu]]]]
The overwhelming majority (99%) of the people in Wallis and Futuna are [[Catholic Church|Catholics]], with the island having been evangelized in the 19th century by Fr [[Peter Chanel]], SM.<ref name=cia>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/wallis-and-futuna/ |title=The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency |website=www.cia.gov|access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref> They are served by their own [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Wallis and Futuna|Diocese of Wallis and Futuna]], with a see at [[Mata Utu]], a [[suffragan diocese]] of the Metropolitan [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nouméa|Archdiocese of Nouméa]] (New Caledonia).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/wall0.htm |title=Diocese of Wallis et Futuna |publisher=GCatholic |access-date=24 June 2022}}</ref> There are smaller numbers of people following [[ethnic religions]], the [[Baháʼí Faith]] or who have [[irreligion|no religion]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=241c |title=Regional Profile Wallis and Futuna |publisher=theARDA |access-date=22 May 2025}}</ref>

== Culture ==
{{main|Culture of Wallis and Futuna}}
The culture of Wallis and Futuna is [[Polynesian culture|Polynesian]], and is similar to the cultures of its neighboring nations [[Samoa]] and [[Tonga]]. The [[Wallisian]] and [[Futunan]] cultures are very similar to each other in language, [[Dance of Wallis and Futuna|dance]], cuisine and modes of celebration.

Fishing and agriculture are the traditional occupations, and most people live in traditional oval, thatch ''fale'' houses.<ref name="Ibpus.comUSA2012">{{cite book |publisher=International Business Publications, USA |title=Wallis & Futuna Business Law Handbook: Strategic Information and Laws |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tf277xC9GO8C&pg=PA37|access-date=9 May 2013 |date=1 January 2012  |isbn=978-1-4387-7141-0 |pages=37–}}</ref> [[Kava]] is a popular beverage brewed in the two islands, as in much else of Polynesia. It also serves as a traditional offering in rituals.<ref name="Ibpus.comUSA2012"/> Highly detailed [[tapa cloth]] art is a specialty of Wallis and Futuna.<ref name="HinzHoward2006">{{cite book |last1=Hinz |first1=Earl R. |last2=Howard |first2=Jim |title=Landfalls of Paradise: Cruising Guide to the Pacific Islands |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CjIg5FgUUW8C&pg=PA220 |year=2006 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-3037-3 |pages=220–}}</ref>

[[Uvea Museum Association]] is a private museum that holds a collection of objects that record the history of the Second World War in the territory.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Mayer |first1=Raymond |last2=Nau |first2=Malino |last3=Pambrun |first3=Eric |last4=Laurent |first4=Christophe |date=2006 |title=Chanter la guerre à Wallis ('Uvea) |url=https://journals.openedition.org/jso/614 |journal=Journal de la Société des Océanistes |language=fr |issue=122–123 |pages=153–171 |doi=10.4000/jso.614 |issn=|doi-access=free }}</ref> It is located in Mata Utu shopping center and in 2009 was open by appointment.<ref>Bernard Klein, ''[https://www.ac-wf.wf/IMG/pdf/Lettre-no4.pdf La lettre d'Histoire-Géographie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120163658/https://www.ac-wf.wf/IMG/pdf/Lettre-no4.pdf |date=20 January 2024 }}'' October–November 2009, No. 4</ref>

==Transport and communications==
In 2018, the territory had 3,132 telephones in use,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/wallis-and-futuna/ |title=Wallis and Futuna |publisher=CIA World Factbook |access-date=24 June 2022}}</ref> one AM radio station, and two television broadcast stations.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} Communication costs are up to ten times higher{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} than in western countries. The island of Wallis has about {{convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on}} of roadways, 16 of which are paved. The island of Futuna has only {{convert|20|km|mi|abbr=on}} of roadways, none of which are paved. The territory has two main ports, in the harbors at Mata Utu and [[Leava]] (on the island of Futuna). These ports support its [[merchant marine]] fleet, which comprises three ships (two passenger ships and a petroleum tanker), totaling 92,060 GRT or 45,881 tonnes. There are two airports: [[Hihifo Airport]], on Wallis, which has a {{convert|2.1|km|mi|abbr=on}} paved runway; and [[Pointe Vele Airport]], on Futuna, which has a {{convert|1|km|mi|abbr=on}} runway.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmuCS7wUoU4&nohtml5=False  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/FmuCS7wUoU4| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|title=Futuna - přílet z Wallisu - Flying to Futuna Island (from Wallis) |last=Dominik Maximilián Ramík |date=26 May 2009|access-date=14 April 2018 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Now the only commercial flights to and from Wallis are operated by Caledonia-based [[Aircalin]], which has an office in Mata Utu. There are currently no commercial boat operators.

=== Newspapers ===
The French High Commission published a local newspaper in the 1970s, ''[[Nouvelles de Wallis et de Futuna]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dawrs |first=Stu |title=Research Guides: Pacific Islands Newspapers: Wallis and Futuna |url=https://guides.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/c.php?g=105813&p=1017017|access-date=2020-09-16 |website=guides.library.manoa.hawaii.edu}}</ref> Today, news is available online via a local program broadcast by the French television network [[La Première (French TV network)|La Première]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wallis-et-Futuna la 1ère: actualités et info en direct de Wallis-et-Futuna, replays TV et radio |url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/wallisfutuna/|access-date=2020-09-16 |website=Wallis-et-Futuna la 1ère |language=fr-FR}}</ref>

==Education==
There are 18 primary schools in the territory, 12 on Wallis and six on Futuna, with a combined total of over 5200 students.<ref name=Educ>"[http://www.wallis-et-futuna.pref.gouv.fr/content/download/930/6048/file/Livret%20d'accueil%20version%20site%20final%202.pdf LIVRET D'ACCUEIL Wallis et Futuna] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010195840/http://www.wallis-et-futuna.pref.gouv.fr/content/download/930/6048/file/Livret%20d%27accueil%20version%20site%20final%202.pdf |date=10 October 2017 }}." Wallis and Futuna. p. 22 (22/28). Retrieved on 14 September 2016.</ref>

The territory has six junior high schools and one senior high school/sixth-form college.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160624145135/https://www.ac-wf.wf/-Colleges-Lycee-.html Cartographie des établissements du second degré]." Wallis and Futuna. 24 June 2016. Retrieved on 14 September 2016.</ref>
*Junior high schools (''collèges'') in Wallis: Mataotama de Malae, Alofivai de Lano, Vaimoana de Lavegahau, and Tinemui de Teesi
*Junior high schools in Futuna: Fiua de Sigave and Sisia d'Ono
*The senior high school/sixth-form college is [[Lycée des Îles Wallis et Futuna|Lycée d'État de Wallis et Futuna]] on Wallis

There is also an agricultural high school.<ref name="Educ"/>

==Healthcare==
{{see also|COVID-19 pandemic in Wallis and Futuna}}
As of 2018, [[yaws]] was endemic in the area, but cases were not being reported to the [[World Health Organization|WHO]] eradication program.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Christopher |last2=Asiedu |first2=Kingsley |last3=Solomon |first3=Anthony W. |last4=Mitja |first4=Oriol |last5=Marks |first5=Michael |last6=Van der Stuyft |first6=Patrick |last7=Meheus |first7=Filip |title=Prioritizing surveillance activities for certification of yaws eradication based on a review and model of historical case reporting |journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |date=4 December 2018 |volume=12 |issue=12 |article-number=e0006953 |doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0006953 |pmid=30513075 |pmc=6294396 |issn=1935-2727|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Healthcare is available free of charge in two hospitals on Uvea and Futuna islands.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wallis and Futuna - Economy |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Wallis-and-Futuna/Economy |website=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref> There are also three dispensaries.<ref>{{cite web |title=Travel Tips for Wallis and Futuna (France), Updated Intl. Guide – Travel Medicine, Inc. |url=https://www.travmed.com/pages/wallis-and-futuna-france |website=www.travmed.com}}</ref>

==Environment==
Deforestation is a major concern in the region as only small portions of the original forests remain due to the continued use of wood as the main source of fuel. Consequently, the mountainous terrain of Futuna has become prone to erosion. There are no permanent settlements on Alofi due to the lack of natural freshwater resources, and the presence of infertile soil on the islands of Uvea and Futuna further reduces agricultural productivity.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/wallis-and-futuna/ |title=The World Factbook |website=Central Intelligence Agency|date=15 February 2023 }}</ref>

==Sport==
Wallis and Futuna competes in the [[Pacific Games]].<ref name="Islands Business 2023">{{cite web | title=SOL23: Wallis & Futuna's Chef De Mission leads the way, Australia sends 100 police officers | website=Islands Business | date=2023-11-09 | url=https://islandsbusiness.com/news-break/pacific-games/ | access-date=2024-04-05}}</ref> [[Volleyball]] and [[rugby union]] are popular in the territory,<ref name="Ryan 2023">{{cite web | last=Ryan | first=Aaron | title=More light needs to shine on Wallis and Futuna rugby players. | website=Te Ao Māori News | date=2023-12-28 | url=https://www.teaonews.co.nz/2023/12/28/more-light-needs-to-shine-on-wallis-and-futuna-rugby-players/ | access-date=2024-04-05}}</ref> with several rugby players going on to play for the [[France national rugby union team]].<ref name="Stuff d676">{{cite web | first=Tony | last=Smith | title=Six Nations: How Wallis and Futuna players have boosted France's title hopes | website=Stuff | url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/international/127882520/six-nations-how-wallis-and-futuna-players-have-boosted-frances-title-hopes | access-date=2024-04-05}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Geography|Islands|Oceania}}
*[[Outline of Wallis and Futuna]]
*[[Administrative divisions of France]]
*[[French overseas departments and territories]]
*[[Islands controlled by France in the Indian and Pacific oceans]]
*[[Katoaga]]
*[[Vicariate Apostolic of Oriental Oceania]]
*[[Wallis and Futuna during the Second World War]]
*[[Statute of Wallis and Futuna (1961)]]
*[[Customary kingdoms of Wallis and Futuna]]
*[[Protectorate of Wallis and Futuna]]
*[[Customary Kings of Wallis and Futuna]]
{{clear}}

==Notes==
{{notelist-ua}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Wiktionary|Wallis and Futuna}}
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
*{{Wikiatlas}}
*[http://www.wallis-et-futuna.pref.gouv.fr/ Official website of the French Administrateur supérieur de Wallis-et-Futuna] {{in lang|fr}}
*[https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/wallisfutuna/ ''Wallis-et-Futuna La 1ère''] – Online news
*[http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/country/WF.htm GigaCatholic]
*[http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/outremer/galerie/WallisetFutuna/carte_WF.gif Map of Wallis and Futuna, with district boundaries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060503212136/http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/outremer/galerie/WallisetFutuna/carte_WF.gif |date=3 May 2006 }}
*[http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/pacifique/wallis-futuna.htm Information about Wallis and Futuna] {{in lang|fr}}

{{Wallis and Futuna topics}}
{{French overseas departments and territories}}
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