View source for Voi

{{Other uses}}
{{Use Kenyan English|date=January 2023}}
{{Cleanup|date=July 2022|reason=Incorrect citations}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!-- Basic info  ---------------->| name                            = 
| official_name                   = Voi
| other_name                      = 
| settlement_type                 = Town
| image_skyline                   = Aerial view of Voi town CBD towards the west.jpg
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = Voi town centre.
| image_flag                      = 
| flag_size                       = 
| image_seal                      = 
| seal_size                       = 
| nickname                        = 
| motto                           = <!-- images and maps  ----------->
| image_map                       = 
| mapsize                         = 
| map_caption                     = 
| pushpin_map                     = Kenya
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in Kenya
| pushpin_label_position          = bottom
| coordinates                     = {{coord|03|23|26|S|38|34|37|E|region:KE|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = Kenya
| subdivision_type2               = [[Counties of Kenya|County]]
| subdivision_type3               = [[Locations of Kenya|Location]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Coast Province]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Taita-Taveta County]]
| subdivision_name3               = Voi Location
<!-- Politics ----------------->| established_title               = Town<!--township created -->
| established_date                = 1932
<!-- Area    --------------------->| government_footnotes            = 
| government_type                 = 
| leader_title                    = 
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| unit_pref                       = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_footnotes                  = 
| area_magnitude                  = 
| area_total_km2                  = 
| area_land_km2                   = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
<!-- Population   ----------------------->| elevation_footnotes             = <ref name="Hurskainen-65" />
| elevation_m                     = 580
| elevation_ft                    = 1900
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| population_total                = 45483
| population_as_of                = 2009
| population_footnotes            = <ref>{{Cite web|date=2011|title=2009 Census Vol 1 Table 3 Rural and Urban Population|publisher=Kenya Open Data Project|url=https://opendata.go.ke/Population/2009-Census-Vol-1-Table-3-Rural-and-Urban-Populati/e7c7-w67t|access-date=2014-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019173431/https://opendata.go.ke/Population/2009-Census-Vol-1-Table-3-Rural-and-Urban-Populati/e7c7-w67t|archive-date=2012-10-19|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_density_km2          = <!-- General information  --------------->
| population_urban                = 17,152
| population_rural                = 28,331
| population_note                 = 
| postal_code_type                = Postal Code
| postal_code                     = 
| area_code                       = 
| website                         = 
| footnotes                       = 
| timezone                        = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset                      = +3
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}}
'''Voi''' is the largest [[town]] in [[Taita-Taveta County]], [[Kenya]], in the former [[Coast Province]]. It is located at the western edge of Taru Desert, south and west of [[Tsavo East National Park]], with the Sagala Hills to the south.

==Economy==
[[File:Voi town skyline, April 2020.jpg|alt=View of recently built high rise buildings in Voi town.|thumb|The Voi skyline is changing rapidly, a sign of investor confidence in the future of the town.|left]]
Voi serves as a marketplace for agricultural and meat products from [[Taita Hills]] as well as other  surrounding areas.<ref name="Hurskainen-65">{{Cite book|last=Hurskainen |first=Pekka |year=2004|chapter=The informal settlements of Voi|title=Taita Hills and Kenya, 2004 &mdash; seminar, reports and journal of a field excursion to Kenya|series=Expedition reports of the Department of Geography, University of Helsinki, volume 40|pages=64&ndash;78, page |location=Helsinki, Finland|publisher=University of Helsinki|isbn=978-952-10-2077-3|url=http://www.helsinki.fi/science/taita/reports/Copy%20of%20Hurskainen_Informal_settlements.pdf}}</ref>

The town centre consists mainly of general stores, shops, markets, kiosks and hotels. Most lodges that service tourists for the national parks are located in the suburbs at the edge of town. The [[Voi Sisal Estate]]s are located to the west of the town.

==History==
A settlement at Voi was established in 1897, in the form of a camp that served as a resting place on the [[Uganda Railway]],<ref name="Loka 1992">{{cite thesis |last=Loka |first=William Lawrence |date=1992 |title=Community Participation in Sustainable Urban Infrastructural and Environmental Planning: A Case Study of Voi Town |url=https://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/11295/65653/Loka_Community%20Participation%20in%20Sustainable%20Urban%20Infrastructural%20and%20Enviromental%20Planning%20a%20Case%20Study%20of%20Voi%20Town.pdf |work= |degree=MA |location=Nairobi |publisher=[[University of Nairobi]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250514082134/https://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/11295/65653/Loka_Community%20Participation%20in%20Sustainable%20Urban%20Infrastructural%20and%20Enviromental%20Planning%20a%20Case%20Study%20of%20Voi%20Town.pdf |archive-date=14 May 2025 |access-date=14 May 2025}}</ref>{{rp|81}} which was then under construction.<ref name="Ogonda 1992">{{cite book| last = Ogonda| first = Richard T.| year = 1992| chapter = Transport and Communications in the Colonial Economy| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=4WAwtUYnNPwC&pg=PA129| editor1-last = Ochieng'| editor1-first = W. R.| editor2-last = Maxon| editor2-first = R. M.| title = An Economic History of Kenya| location = Nairobi| publisher = East African Educational Publishers| pages = 129–146, at 131| isbn = 978-9966-46-963-2}}</ref>

Most of the settlement's early residents were Indians working on the railway.<ref name="Loka 1992"/>{{rp|81}} At that time, other human habitation in the area was limited, due to a fear of wild animals, especially lions. The native people of the area were living in the hills.<ref name="Loka 1992"/>{{rp|81}}

During the 20th century, people gradually moved to Voi to work on the railway, and on the nearby [[Voi Sisal Estate|sisal estates]].<ref name="hurskainen2005">Hurskainen, P: Change Detection of Informal Settlements Using Multi-Temporal Aerial Photographs – the Case of Voi, Kenya (September 2005)</ref> The influx included native people from [[Sagalla]], mostly farmers who started tilling the land along the River Voi, and further Indians, who were relocating for business purposes.<ref name="Loka 1992"/>{{rp|81}}

Township status with an area of about {{Convert|16.27|sqkm|sqmi|2}}<ref>A ''full circle with a one mile radius was drawn'' with ''the centre point being the Voi railway station''. {{Harvnb|Hurskainen|2004|page=65}}</ref> was not granted until 1932.{{cn|date=June 2025}} The town has long since outgrown the original grant;<ref name="Hurskainen-65" /> as of 2022, it had a land area of {{cvt|55.31|sqkm|sqmi|2}}, and the highest population growth rate among the towns in the county.{{cn|date=June 2025}}

== Climate ==
Voi has a [[hot semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''BSh'').
<div style="width:82%">
{{Weather box
|location = Voi
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan high C = 31.6
|Feb high C = 32.9
|Mar high C = 33.3
|Apr high C = 31.8
|May high C = 29.9
|Jun high C = 29.0
|Jul high C = 28.1
|Aug high C = 28.0
|Sep high C = 29.2
|Oct high C = 31.1
|Nov high C = 31.4
|Dec high C = 30.6
|year high C = 30.6
|Jan low C = 20.1
|Feb low C = 20.2
|Mar low C = 20.8
|Apr low C = 20.4
|May low C = 20.0
|Jun low C = 18.3
|Jul low C = 17.5
|Aug low C = 17.2
|Sep low C = 17.6
|Oct low C = 18.9
|Nov low C = 20.1
|Dec low C = 20.4
|year low C = 19.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 34
|Feb precipitation mm = 29
|Mar precipitation mm = 79
|Apr precipitation mm = 100
|May precipitation mm = 30
|Jun precipitation mm = 6
|Jul precipitation mm = 3
|Aug precipitation mm = 8
|Sep precipitation mm = 15
|Oct precipitation mm = 26
|Nov precipitation mm = 106
|Dec precipitation mm = 119
|year precipitation mm = 555
|Jan precipitation days = 5
|Feb precipitation days = 3
|Mar precipitation days = 8
|Apr precipitation days = 7
|May precipitation days = 5
|Jun precipitation days = 2
|Jul precipitation days = 1
|Aug precipitation days = 2
|Sep precipitation days = 3
|Oct precipitation days = 4
|Nov precipitation days = 10
|Dec precipitation days = 8
|year precipitation days = 58
|source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name = WMO >
{{cite web
| url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=1800
| title = World Weather Information Service – Voi
| publisher= World Meteorological Organization
| access-date = 31 August 2016}}</ref>
}}
</div>

==Transport==
===Train===
Voi has two railway stations. The first and older station lies on the [[Uganda railway|Kenya-Uganda Railway]] which was built by the British between 1895 and 1901 linking the port of [[Mombasa]] with Uganda. This station also forms the junction between the main line and a smaller, now abandoned line to [[Taveta, Kenya|Taveta]] at the [[Tanzania]] border. The second, newer, railway station serves the [[Mombasa–Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway]]. Passenger trains on the newer railway line have four daily stopovers in Voi (two either way). Passenger services on the old, British-built railway ceased in May 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001238898/we-will-miss-old-trains-travellers-on-final-trip-say-as-sgr-beckons|title=We will miss old trains, travellers on final trip say as SGR beckons|last=Ogina|first=Elvis|website=The Standard|access-date=2019-02-26}}</ref> but freight trains continue running on that line.
[[File:View of a street in Voi CBD.jpg|alt=View of one of the streets in the centre of Voi town.|left|thumb|View of one of the streets in the centre of Voi town.]]

===Taxi===
Taxis are available in the town centre with fares negotiated rather than regulated. They service various routes mainly to residential estates such as Mwakingali, Ikanga, Sikujua, Mabomani, Birikani, Sofia, Kaloleni, Tanzania, Msinga, Kariakoo, Msambweni and Mazeras.

===Matatu===
[[Matatu]]s (Minibus/Sharetaxis) operate between the town centre and surrounding areas. There are also matatus traveling to Mombasa, Taita Hills, Wundanyi, Taveta, Kasighau, Mbololo and other places. Their routes are regulated by SACCOs such as TATAMA, 2TS and Wumeri.

===Bus===
Several bus companies, including Coast bus, Simba coach,dreamliner Tahmeed and Mash offer day and night services to various parts of Kenya. Voi has a bus park for ticket purchases.

===Air===
The [[Ikanga Air Strip]] is nearby and is under construction by the Kenya Airports Authority.

===Other forms of transport===
Other forms of transport include three-wheeler auto rickshaws (tuk tuks) and motorcycle taxis (boda boda) which operate 24/7 and are very cheap.

== Electoral Wards ==
Voi Municipality is divided into six wards: Marungu, Sagalla, Mbololo, Kaloleni, Ngolia, and Kasigau.

Each ward elects one Member of the County Assembly (MCA) who represents them in the County Assembly for 5-year term.

==Internet services==
Internet services are available through several internet cafes in town and there is 4G mobile phone coverage in Voi and its surroundings.

== In fiction ==
Voi features as a setting for two levels of the [[first-person shooter]] [[Xbox 360]] [[console game]] ''[[Halo 3]]''. ''Halo 3'' takes place late in the year 2552,{{CN|date=January 2024}} wherein Voi is depicted as formerly having been a heavily industrialized, sprawling city — vastly different from the real and present Voi. According to the backstory, the nearby city of [[Mombasa]], renamed New Mombasa, has become a final port of call for [[Spaceflight|spacefaring]] traffic. To take advantage of its fortuitous proximity to New Mombasa, Voi refocused its resources from agriculture and tourism to the more lucrative pursuit of heavy industry. This shift resulted in major expansion of the town, which eventually absorbed the surrounding towns of Gutini, Ikanga, and Mariwenyi. The geography of the area has also been altered in the fictional version of Voi. Global warming has caused massive flooding of plains around the city of New Mombasa. Rather than a catastrophe, authorities viewed this event as an opportunity, and excavated a channel leading far inland to Voi. As a result, Voi became an inland port city, subsidising road transport of cargo to New Mombasa.{{CN|date=January 2024}}
By the time of the events in the game, Voi has been almost entirely destroyed by ruthless excavation by the [[Covenant (Halo)|Covenant]], the invading extraterrestrial enemy of humanity. Only an extant sliver of warehouse complexes, which hints at the former existence of Voi, is encountered within the game. The [[Taita Hills]] to the west are also used extensively in other levels within the game. A subterranean military base, known as Crow's Nest, is located in one of the Taita hills, specifically Chawia hill, located between Mlegwa and Mwatate.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

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{{Clear}}
{{First and second-level administrative divisions of Kenya}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places in Taita-Taveta County]]
[[Category:Tsavo National Park]]
[[Category:County capitals in Kenya]]