View source for Viscount Palmerston

{{Short description|Title in the peerage of Ireland}}
{{about|the title in the Peerage of Ireland|the British prime minister|Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
[[Image:Lord Palmerston 1855.jpg|thumb|200px|Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston.]]
'''Viscount Palmerston''' was a title in the [[Peerage of Ireland]]. The title is derived from [[Palmerstown]] in [[Ireland]], which was also known as Palmerston. The name is the origin of [[Palmerston (disambiguation)#Places|several place names]] in [[Australia]], [[Canada]], [[New Zealand]], and other former [[British possessions]]. It was created on 12 March 1723 for [[Henry Temple, 1st Viscount Palmerston|Henry Temple]], who subsequently represented [[East Grinstead (UK Parliament constituency)|East Grinstead]], [[Bossiney (UK Parliament constituency)|Bossiney]] and [[Weobley (UK Parliament constituency)|Weobley]] in the [[British House of Commons]]. He was made '''Baron Temple''', of Mount Temple in the County of Sligo, at the same time, also in the Peerage of Ireland. He was succeeded by his grandson, the 2nd Viscount,<ref name=EB1911>{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Palmerston, Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount |volume=20 |pages=645–649}}</ref> who represented seven constituencies in the House of Commons and served as a [[Lord of the Admiralty]] and [[Lord of the Treasury]]. On his death the titles passed to his son, the 3rd Viscount, who became a distinguished politician and served three times as [[Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs|Foreign Secretary]] and twice as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]. At his death in 1865 the 3rd Viscount was granted a [[State funerals in the United Kingdom|state funeral]], the fourth non-royal to be given this honour. Lord Palmerston was childless and the barony and viscountcy became extinct on his death.

The Temple family descended from Peter Temple, of [[Dorset]] and Marston Boteler. His eldest son John Temple acquired the [[Stowe House|Stowe estate]] in [[Buckinghamshire]] and founded the English branch of the family from whom the [[Viscount Cobham|Viscounts Cobham]], the [[Duke of Buckingham and Chandos|Dukes of Buckingham and Chandos]] and the [[Earl Temple of Stowe|Earls Temple of Stowe]] are descended. Peter Temple's younger son Anthony Temple was the founder of the Irish branch of the family from whom the Viscounts Palmerston descended. His son [[William Temple (logician)|Sir William Temple]] (1555–1627) was secretary to [[Philip Sidney|Sir Philip Sidney]] and the [[Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex|Earl of Essex]] and afterwards provost of [[Trinity College Dublin]].<ref name=EB1911/> Sir William's son, [[John Temple (judge)|Sir John Temple]] (1600–1677), was [[Master of the Rolls in Ireland]].<ref name=EB1911/> The latter was the father of Sir William Temple, a diplomat, and [[John Temple (Irish politician)|Sir John Temple]] (1632–1704), Speaker of the [[Irish House of Commons]] and father of the first Viscount Palmerston.<ref name=EB1911/>

The third Viscount Palmerston married the Honourable [[Emily Lamb]], sister of Prime Minister [[William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne|Lord Melbourne]] and widow of Peter Clavering-Cowper, 5th [[Earl Cowper]]. Emily's second son from her first marriage, the Honourable [[William Cowper-Temple, 1st Baron Mount Temple|William Cowper]], inherited parts of his stepfather's estates, including [[Broadlands]] near [[Romsey]] in [[Hampshire]], and assumed the additional surname of Temple. In 1880 he was raised to the peerage as [[Baron Mount Temple]], a revival of the junior title held by the Viscounts Palmerston. He was childless and the peerage became extinct on his death in 1888. However, it was revived once again in 1932 in favour of his great-nephew, [[Wilfrid Ashley, 1st Baron Mount Temple|Wilfrid Ashley]]. He had no sons however and the title became extinct again upon his death in 1938. His daughter, the Honourable [[Edwina Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma|Edwina]], wife of [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Lord Louis Mountbatten]], inherited Broadlands.

==Viscounts Palmerston (1723)==
*[[Henry Temple, 1st Viscount Palmerston]] ({{circa|1673}}–1757)
*[[Henry Temple, 2nd Viscount Palmerston]] (1739–1802)
*[[Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston]] (1784–1865)

== Family tree ==
{{Viscount Cobham family tree}}

==Arms==
{{Emblem table
| image = Coat of arms of Temple, Viscounts Palmerston.svg
| imagesize = 250px
| crest = A talbot sejant sable, collared and lined or.
| escutcheon = Quarterly 1st & 4th, Or, an eagle displayed sable (''for Leofric, Earl of Mercia''); 2nd & 3rd Argent, two bars sable, each charged with three martlets or (''Temple'').
| supporters = Dexter, a lion regardant pean; Sinister, a horse regardant argent, maned, tailed and hoofed or.
| motto = ''Flecti non frangi'' (To be bent, not broken).<ref>{{cite book |title=Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage |pages=774-775 |year=1849 |URL=https://ukga.org/browse.php?action=ViewRec&DB=33&bookID=201&pagecount=825}}</ref>
}}

==See also==
*[[Viscount Cobham]]
*[[Duke of Buckingham and Chandos]]
*[[Earl Temple of Stowe]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{Rayment|date=February 2012}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Palmerston}}
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1723]]
[[Category:1723 establishments in Ireland]]
[[Category:1865 disestablishments in Ireland]]
[[Category:Extinct viscountcies in the Peerage of Ireland]]
[[Category:Viscounts Palmerston| ]]