View source for Vaxholm

{{Short description|City and urban area in Vaxholm Municipality in Sweden's Stockholm archipelago}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          = Vaxholm
|image_skyline          = Vaxholm 21 2010.jpg
|image_caption          = {{ill|Vaxholm Town Hall|sv|Vaxholms rådhus}}
|pushpin_map            = Sweden Stockholm#Sweden#European Union
|pushpin_label_position = 
|subdivision_type       = [[Country]]
|subdivision_name       = [[Sweden]]
|subdivision_type3      = [[Municipalities of Sweden|Municipality]]
|subdivision_name3      = [[Vaxholm Municipality]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Counties of Sweden|County]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Stockholm County]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces of Sweden|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Uppland]]
|area_footnotes         = <ref name=ss2020>{{cite web |url=https://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/miljo/markanvandning/tatorter/pong/tabell-och-diagram/statistiska-tatorter-2020-befolkning-landareal-befolkningstathet-per-tatort/ |title=Statistiska tätorter 2020, befolkning, landareal, befolkningstäthet per tätort |language=sv |publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] |access-date=25 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526110138/https://www.scb.se/Statistik/MI/MI0810/2010A01/Tatorternami0810tab1_4.xls |archive-date=26 May 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|area_total_km2         = 2.29
|population_as_of       = 31 December 2020
|population_footnotes   = <ref name=ss2020/>
|population_total       = 6,151 <!-- This is the official figure from Statistics Sweden (Statistiska centralbyrån). -->
|population_density_km2 = 
|population_demonyms    = {{hlist|Vaxholmer|Vaxholmite|Vaxholmian|Waxholmer|Waxholmite|Waxholmian}}
|timezone               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset             = +1
|timezone_DST           = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST         = +2
|coordinates            = {{coord|59|24|11|N|18|19|35|E|region:SE|display=inline,title}}
|website                = 
}}
'''Vaxholm''' is a [[Stad (Sweden)|city]], [[Urban areas in Sweden|urban area]] and the seat of [[Vaxholm Municipality]], [[Stockholm County]], [[Sweden]]. It occupies the islands of [[Vaxön]] and [[Kullö]] in the [[Stockholm archipelago]]. The name Vaxholm comes from [[Vaxholm Fortress]], which was constructed in 1549 on the adjacent islet of [[Vaxholmen]].

For historical reasons it has always been referred to as a ''city'', despite the small number of inhabitants, which as of 2020 total was 6,151.<ref name=ss2020/> Vaxholm Municipality prefers to use the designation ''Vaxholms stad'' (City of Vaxholm) for its whole territory, including 64 islets in the [[Stockholm archipelago]], a usage which is somewhat confusing.

==History==
[[File:Vaxholm fortress.jpg|thumb|left|Vaxholm Fortress]]
[[Vaxholm Fortress]] was originally constructed by [[Gustav I of Sweden|Gustav Vasa]] in 1548{{cite needed|date=May 2023||reason=this is what the WP:SV article says, but without any cites. The official website cited here implies the original fort was by Svante Nilsson Sture, and the 1548 date relates to its replacement by Gustav I.}} to defend [[Stockholm]] against shipborne attacks from the east. The fortress lies in the middle of the [[Kodjupet|Kodjupet strait]], one of two main routes into Stockholm from the open sea.<ref name=vfmen>{{cite web |url=http://www.vaxholmsfastning.se/english/ |title=Vaxholm Fortress Museum |publisher=Vaxholms Fästnings Museum |access-date=18 May 2023 |archive-date=18 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518115608/http://www.vaxholmsfastning.se/english/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The town of Vaxholm, which lies adjacent to the fortress but on the western side of the Kodjupet strait, was established in 1558, when King [[Gustav Vasa]] bought some farms from Count [[Per Brahe the Elder]]. It later received rights as a merchant town (''[[köping]]'') and in 1652 was granted the [[Royal Charter]]. The designated coat of arms reminds of the fortifications as well as shipping industry.{{cite needed|date=May 2023}}

In 1849, the ''Djurgårdens Ångbåts-Aktie-Bolag'' introduced a steamboat service from Stockholm to Vaxholm. Through a number of acquisitions and mergers, this company became that known today as ''[[Waxholmsbolaget]]''. As a consequence and in the 1860s, Vaxholm became a popular resort town, especially for bathers, and many wooden summer houses were built by people from [[Stockholm]].<ref name=ne>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Waxholmsbolaget |encyclopedia=[[Nationalencyklopedin]] |language=sv |url=http://www.ne.se/waxholmsbolaget |access-date=10 July 2011}} {{subscription required}}</ref><ref name=history>{{cite web |url=http://www.waxholmsbolaget.com/about-waxholmsbolaget/history/rower-madams-djurgarden-ferry/ |title=Rower Madams and Djurgården ferries |publisher=Waxholmsbolaget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326200142/http://www.waxholmsbolaget.com/about-waxholmsbolaget/history/rower-madams-djurgarden-ferry/ |archive-date=26 March 2012 |access-date=10 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.destinationvaxholm.se/en/see-do/the-history-of-vaxholm/ |title=The history of Vaxholm |publisher=Destination Vaxholm |access-date=24 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526114829/https://www.destinationvaxholm.se/en/see-do/the-history-of-vaxholm/ |archive-date=26 May 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>

It was not until 1912 that houses were allowed to be built from materials other than wood, giving the town a distinctive appearance. In 1926 the town got its first fixed land connection via the single-lane [[Pålsundsbron, Vaxholm|''Pålsundsbron'' bridge]] that links to the [[Bogesundslandet|Bogesundslandet peninsular]] to the south of the town. This was followed in 1965 by the wider [[Vaxholmsbron|''Vaxholmsbron'' bridge]] that links to the [[Kullö|island of  Kullö]] to the north-west of the town, carrying {{ill|Länsväg 274|sv|lt=county road 274}} on its way to the mainland.<ref name=vmhist>{{cite web |url=https://www.vaxholm.se/kommun--politik/fakta-om-vaxholm/historia |language=sv |title=Historia |trans-title=History |publisher=City of Vaxholm |access-date=24 May 2023 |archive-date=26 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526115300/https://www.vaxholm.se/kommun--politik/fakta-om-vaxholm/historia |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.upplevvaxholm.se/kultur/visste-ni/212-uppleva-i-vaxholm/historia-visste-ni/536-vaxholms-broar |title=Vaxholms broar |language=sv |trans-title=Vaxholm's bridges |website=Upplevvaxholm.se |access-date=26 May 2023 |archive-date=26 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526115605/https://www.upplevvaxholm.se/kultur/visste-ni/212-uppleva-i-vaxholm/historia-visste-ni/536-vaxholms-broar |url-status=live}}</ref>

Until 2020, the urban area of Vaxholm, as defined by [[Statistics Sweden]], was entirely contained within the island of [[Vaxön]]. However in that year, the urban area was redefined to include the adjacent island of [[Kullö]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.scb.se/contentassets/3730f954f3d247c59b1e2f12e899db72/mi0810_2020a02_tatorter2020_nyreg_avreg.xlsx |title=Avregistrerade och nyregistrerade statistiska tätorter 2020 |language=sv |trans-title=Deregistered and newly registered statistical agglomerations in 2020 |publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] |access-date=12 June 2023 |archive-date=12 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612123246/https://www.scb.se/contentassets/3730f954f3d247c59b1e2f12e899db72/mi0810_2020a02_tatorter2020_nyreg_avreg.xlsx |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Transportation==
Vaxholm is situated on an island, but is linked to the Swedish mainland by a series of road bridges, and a bus service connects the town to [[Stockholm]] city. The ''[[Waxholmsbolaget]]'' and other ferry lines also provide boat services to central Stockholm and many of the other islands of the [[Stockholm archipelago]], using a mixture of classic steamers and modern fast passenger ferries.

The {{ill|Vaxholmsleden|sv}} car ferry connects Vaxholm to the island of [[Rindö]] across the [[Kodjupet|Kodjupet strait]]. The [[Kastellet ferry]], an electrically powered [[cable ferry]] provides passenger access to Vaxholm Fortress on its islet in the middle of the Kodjupet.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.trafikverket.se/resa-och-trafik/trafikinformation/farjetrafik/vaxholmsleden/ |title=Vaxholmsleden |language=sv |publisher=[[Trafikverket]] |access-date=22 May 2023 |archive-date=23 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523121724/https://www.trafikverket.se/resa-och-trafik/trafikinformation/farjetrafik/vaxholmsleden/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=vax>{{cite web |url=https://www.vaxholm.se/externwebb-startsida/trafik-och-infrastruktur/buss-bat-och-farja/linfarjan-vaxholmen-.html |title=Linfärjan Vaxholmen |language=Swedish |publisher=Vaxholms stad |accessdate=13 September 2017 |archivedate=13 September 2017 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913104643/https://www.vaxholm.se/externwebb-startsida/trafik-och-infrastruktur/buss-bat-och-farja/linfarjan-vaxholmen-.html}}</ref>

==Sports==
The following sports clubs are located in Vaxholm :
* [[IFK Vaxholm]]
* Vaxholms IBF
* Vaxholms TK
* IK Waxholm
* Waxholms KK

==Gallery==
[[Image:VaxholmPanorama.jpg|800px|thumb|centre|Panorama]]
[[File:Sweden Vaxholm 1938.jpg|thumb|centre|400px|Vaxholm during the world cup competitions in canoe in 1938]]
[[File:Vaxholm 2013.jpg|thumb|centre|400px|Vaxholm 2013]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{commons-inline}}
*[http://www.vaxholm.se/ Locality of Vaxholm] {{in lang|sv}} - Official site
*[http://www.travelmagazine.org/?p=3088 A Day out to Vaxholm from Stockholm] - Travel Magazine, 2013

{{Localities in Vaxholm Municipality}}
{{Municipalities of Stockholm County}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Coastal cities and towns in Sweden]]
[[Category:Islands of the Stockholm archipelago]]
[[Category:Islands of Vaxholm Municipality]]
[[Category:Municipal seats of Stockholm County]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1558]]
[[Category:Populated places in Vaxholm Municipality]]
[[Category:Stockholm archipelago]]
[[Category:Swedish municipal seats]]

[[fi:Vaxholmin kunta]]