View source for Valmara 69

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{{Infobox weapon
|name=Valmara 69
| image= Valmara69 AP-mine.JPEG
| image_size = 300
|caption=A Valmara 69 mine during training by Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Team in Kuwait, 1992.
|origin=Italy
|type=Bouncing anti-personnel mine
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|is_missile=
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|weight=3.2&nbsp;kg
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|height=205&nbsp;mm
|diameter=130&nbsp;mm
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|filling=[[Composition B]]
|filling_weight=0.42&nbsp;kg
|detonation=10&nbsp;kg push or 6&nbsp;kg pull
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'''Valmara 69''' or '''V-69''' is an Italian [[bounding mine|bounding]] [[anti-personnel mine]] manufactured by [[Valsella Meccanotecnica|Valsella]]. The mine was developed from the [[Valmara 59|V-59 mine]], and although the mine is no longer produced in Italy, a number of copies were produced in other countries e.g. the all-plastic anti-metal detection "SPM-1" manufactured by Singapore.

The South African version was called the J-69, and was an identical copy of the Italian version. A single centre prong version was also produced. It is no longer produced by South Africa who are compliant with the [[Ottawa Treaty|Mine Ban Treaty]] requirements.

==Description==
The mine has a short tubular [[olive green]] or sand colored plastic body inside which is the steel bounding body of the mine. On top of the mine is a round fuze cap with five prongs. The mine is triggered when the fuze cap tilts, either because of pressure on one of the prongs or a pull on an attached tripwire. The tilting [[fuze]] mechanism is not affected by overpressure. When the mine is triggered, a spring-loaded [[firing pin]] fires a [[percussion cap]] inside the fuze, which ignites a propelling charge at the base of the mine. The propellant charge launches the mine up out of the ground and into the air.

When the mine reaches a height of approximately 50{{spaces}}cm above ground, which takes less than one second, an integral tether wire (connecting it to the plastic body from which it was launched) tugs on a spring-loaded firing pin in the body of the mine, which [[detonate]]s the main explosive charge. Embedded in a plastic fragmentation sleeve surrounding the main explosive charge are approximately 1,000 pre-cut steel fragments, which are projected at high velocity in all directions. The mine has a lethal radius of 25 m, but the fragments remain dangerous at a considerable distance beyond that, e.g. can inflict deeply penetrating eye wounds.

This mine has significant metal content, which makes it easy to find using a [[metal detector]]. However, like the majority of bounding mines, most of the Valmara 69 is hidden underground and may be difficult to see, particularly in heavy undergrowth. Additionally, the Valmara 69 may be laid along with [[minimum metal mine]]s such as the [[VS-50 mine|VS-50]], [[VS-MK2 mine|VS MK2]], [[TS-50 mine|TS-50]], [[SB-33 mine|SB-33]] and [[SB-81 mine|SB-81]], which complicates the clearance process.

Valsella also manufactured a completely separate electronic [[anti-handling device]] known as the VS-AR. This was a tilt-operated device, specifically designed to be fitted to any of the following Valsella products: the VS-50 (standard version, not the VS-50AR) and Valmara 69 anti-personnel mines, as well as the VS-1.6 and VS-1.2 anti-tank mines. The VS-AR4 has a series of [[fuze]] adaptors which allow it to be screwed into the bottom of any of those mines. It has a 10-minute mechanical arming delay (started by removing a pin) followed by a 30-minute electronic arming delay. The power source are two 1.5&nbsp;V batteries and the operational life is longer than a year.

The Valmara 69 is found in Angola, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Kuwait, Mozambique, Sudan, and the [[Western Sahara]]

[[Image:Mines 501556 fh000026.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Three land mines: the Valmara 69 is in the middle]]

== See also ==
*{{lwc|Valmara 59}}
*{{lwc|PROM-1}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* ''Jane's Mines and Mine Clearance 2005-2006''

{{commons category|Valmara 69}}

[[Category:Anti-personnel mines]]
[[Category:Land mines of Italy]]