View source for Utva Lasta

{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
  |name= Lasta 95
  |image= Lasta 95 P2 54012 V i PVO VS, Partner 2011.jpg
  |caption= Lasta 95 P2
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
  |type= [[Trainer (aircraft)|Trainer aircraft]]
  |manufacturer= [[Utva Aviation Industry|Utva]] ([[Yugoimport SDPR]])
  |designer= [[Military Technical Institute]]
  |first flight= '''Lasta 1 prototype:''' September 2, 1985 <br /> '''Lasta 95:''' February 26, 2009<ref name=flight26feb09>{{cite web|title=Serbia's Lasta-95 trainer makes first flight|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/picture-serbia39s-lasta-95-trainer-makes-first-flight-323070/|website=www.flightglobal.com/|publisher=IPC|access-date=26 February 2015}}</ref>
  |introduced= 2010
  |retired=
  |status= In service
  |primary user= [[Serbian Air Force]]
  |more users= [[Iraqi Air Force]]
  |number built= 37
  |unit cost= $700,000 (2010 base price)
  |developed from=
  |variants with their own articles=
  |developed into=
}}
|}
The '''Utva Lasta 95''' (from {{langx|sr|утва|translation=shelduck}}, and {{lang|sr|ласта}}, <small>[[Literal translation|lit.]]</small> 'swallow') is a light military trainer aircraft produced by [[Utva Aviation Industry]], subsidiary of [[Yugoimport SDPR]]. It is a tandem two-seater low-wing trainer with a metal airframe. The aircraft is capable of basic training functions including aerobatics, instrument and tactical flying, as well as basic training in use of weapons. The first prototype of ''Lasta 1'' flew on 2 September 1985, while the first prototype of the current version, ''Lasta 3'', flew on February 26, 2009. ''Lasta'' is the Serbian word for [[barn swallow]].

==Design and development==
[[File:Lasta 1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Lasta 95 (''Swallow 95'') in 2011.]]
The Lasta was originally developed to be a replacement of the [[Utva 75]] and, partially, [[Soko G-2 Galeb]], which had been the most commonly used trainer aircraft of the [[SFR Yugoslav Air Force|Yugoslav Air Force]] up until [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|1991]]. The first prototype ''Lasta 1'' was completed by the spring of 1985. Following completion of the initial testing phase, the first flight was achieved on September 2, 1985. In January 1989, design of a modified version – ''Lasta 2'' was started, following changes in Yugoslav Air Force requirements. ''Lasta 2'' was lighter, with shorter fuselage and a new electronics system including fire control Ferranti ISIS D-282. By the early 1990s Utva, and her partners, have produced enough parts for the completion of 10 pre-production airframes. During the [[1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia]], all five existing prototypes were destroyed during the bombing of Utva Aviation Industry (a sixth prototype survived with damage and was donated to the Aviation Museum at [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]]).

In 2006 development of the Lasta was restarted. The new version was known as the Lasta 95 and followed basic concepts of Lasta 2, with updates due to newer available technology. In 2009 it was announced that Iraq will purchase 20 of these trainer aircraft.

With its specifications and updated avionics, the aircraft will ensure full pilot training for all elements of airplane application including:
* basic flying,
* aerobatics,
* navigation flying,
* basic elements of night flying,
* category II instrumental flight,
* basic elements of gunning, rocketing and bombing (GRB)
* Light close air support of counterinsurgency operations and area patrol / light attack missions

===Future improvements and developments===
It is possible to install ejection seats, but with higher cost and weight of the airplane. It is also possible that new containers with armaments and sensors would be developed for Lasta 95, as well as a proposed turboprop version of the aircraft with more advanced training and combat capabilities.

==Operational history==
In December 2007, the [[Iraqi Air Force]] ordered 36 (20 firm with an option for 16 units) Lasta 95 aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.b92.net/biz/vesti/srbija/irak-kupuje-35-aviona-od-srbije-277651|title=Irak kupuje 35 aviona od Srbije|website=B92.net}}</ref> The first Lasta 95s were transferred to Iraq on August 5, 2010.<ref name="Đaković">{{cite web|last1=Đaković|first1=T. N.|title=Srbija će da gradi avio-bazu i vojnu bolnicu u Iraku|url=http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Tema-Dana/201584/Srbija-ce-da-gradi-aviobazu-i-vojnu-bolnicu-u-Iraku|website=www.blic.rs|access-date=26 February 2015|language=sr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227002941/http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Tema-Dana/201584/Srbija-ce-da-gradi-aviobazu-i-vojnu-bolnicu-u-Iraku|archive-date=27 February 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Last of the 20 ordered Lasta 95 aircraft arrived in February 2012.<ref name="novosti.rs" /> According to media reports, the aircraft have been used during the [[Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)|Iraqi war against ISIL]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Drustvo/534802/LASTA-U-AKCIJI-Srpski-avion-u-borbama-protiv-Islamske-drzave|title=LASTA U AKCIJI Srpski avion u borbama protiv Islamske države|date=2015-02-14|access-date=2015-10-28}}</ref>

By March 2012, two of 15 ordered Lasta 95 aircraft began service with the [[Serbian Air Force]].<ref name="Lasta">{{cite web |last1=Salinger|first1=Igor |title=Serbia receives first Lasta basic trainers |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-serbia-receives-first-lasta-basic-trainers-eyes-more-mi-17s-366214/ |website=flightglobal.com|access-date=26 February 2015}}</ref>

==Variants==
There are three-factory versions of Lasta 95.

===Lasta 95N===

This light piston-propeller training aircraft is primarily intended for initial and basic training of military pilots. With in-line tandem seating, the trainer was developed in accordance with the [[Federal Aviation Regulations]] ([[Joint Aviation Requirements]]) 23 regulations for aerobatic category of airplanes and it provides an easy transition to [[Kobac]] and then to [[Jet trainer|jet]] at higher training levels. The LASTA is equipped with a six-cylinder Lycoming engine AEIO-580-B1A 232&nbsp;kW (315 HP) of the opposed-cylinder type, and a two-bladed metal propeller [[Hartzell Propeller|Hartzell]] HC-C2YR-4CF/FC 8475-6, which provides maximum flight velocity (at an altitude of 3000m and a takeoff weight of 1085&nbsp;kg) of 345&nbsp;km/h. The empty weight is 888&nbsp;kg, and the maximum takeoff weight is 1210&nbsp;kg for the aerobatic category and 1450&nbsp;kg for the utility (armed) category. The total aircraft length is 7.97m. The trapezoidal wings have a wingspan of 9.7 m and a surface of 12.9 m<sup>2</sup>. The altitude barrier of flight is 6000 m. This propeller-driven low-wing aircraft has a tricycle retractable landing gear suitable for rough-field operations. Onboard GPS and Instrument Landing System (ILS) support the operations during CAT-II weather conditions. The aircraft is equipped with Mode S transponder for flight identification. It can also be used for combat fire training, rocket firing and bombing. The armed version of the LASTA 95 can be equipped with [[7.62]] mm or [[12.7]] mm [[machine gun]]s, 57&nbsp;mm rocket launchers or bombs weighing up to 120&nbsp;kg on two hardpoints.

===Lasta 95V-54===

Lasta 95V-54 designation is for [[Serbian Air Force and Air Defence]]. Differences between Lasta 95N and Lats 95V-54 are in following:
* Two-blade metal propeller HARTZELL HC-C2YR-4CF/FC 8475-8
* New propeller cap
* Modified primary flight controls
* Modified engine controls with less friction
* New instruments for measuring temperatures and oil pressure and temperatures of cylinder block and exhaust gases in both cabins
* New radio stations Bendix/King for UHF with antennas
* New gun sight AKN-09 Teleoptik Zemun which supports containers with Machine gun, bombs and unguided rocket launcher
* Two under-wing hard points for weapons max allowed 120&nbsp;kg
* New glass cockpit with Garmin G500 avionics suites, which includes a primary flight display (PFD) and a multi-function display (MFD). The aircraft also integrates an instrumental flying simulation system.
* Introduction of new composites materials in some parts of the plane

===Lasta 95P-2===

It is a same version as the Lasta 95V-54 designated for export customers with possibility of slight differences at customer request.

==Operators==
*{{IRQ}}: [[Iraqi Air Force]] – 20 Lasta 95N (option for another 16)<ref name="novosti.rs">{{cite web|last1=LOPUŠINA|first1=Marko |title=Iračani se obučavaju na srpskim avionima |url=http://www.novosti.rs/vesti/naslovna/aktuelno.293.html:365595-Iracani-se-obucavaju-na-srpskim-avionima |website=www.novosti.rs |access-date=26 February 2015 |language=sr}}</ref>
*{{SRB}}: [[Serbian Air Force]] – 14 Lasta 95V-54<ref name="Galović">{{cite web|last1=Galović|first1=M.|title=Stigle prve "laste"|url=http://www.politika.rs/rubrike/Drustvo/Prve-laste-na-Batajnici.lt.html|website=www.politika.rs|access-date=26 February 2015|language=sr}}</ref><ref name=Flight110713>{{cite web|last1=Salinger |first1=Igor|title=Utva resumes Serbian Lasta trainer deliveries |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/picture-utva-resumes-serbian-lasta-trainer-deliveries-388175/ |website=www.flightglobal.com |access-date=26 February 2015}}</ref>

===Potential operators===
Several countries are rumored to have expressed interest in acquiring Lasta trainer aircraft:<ref name=Flight110713/>
*{{DZA}}: [[Algerian Air Force]]
*{{ANG}}: [[National Air Force of Angola]]
*{{flagicon|Libya|1951}} [[Libya]]: [[Libyan Air Force (2011–present)|Libyan Air Force]]

==Specifications (Lasta 95N)==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=[[VTI - Military Technical Institute]]<ref name="VTI website">{{cite web|title=VTI WEBSITE - English |url=http://vti.mod.gov.rs/index.php?view=actuality&type=projects&category=1&id=74|website=vti.mod.gov.rs|access-date=28 October 2015}}</ref>
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|genhide=

|crew=2
|capacity=
|length m=7.965
|length ft=
|length in=
|length note=
|span m=9.7
|span ft=
|span in=
|span note=
|upper span m=
|upper span ft=
|upper span in=
|upper span note=
|mid span m=
|mid span ft=
|mid span in=
|mid span note=
|lower span m=
|lower span ft=
|lower span in=
|lower span note=
|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept note=
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia note=
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|width note=
|height m=2.84
|height ft=
|height in=
|height note=
|wing area sqm=12.9
|wing area sqft=
|wing area note=
|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area note=
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume note=
|aspect ratio=6.3
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=888
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=1145
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=1210
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=unarmed
|fuel capacity=
|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift note=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Lycoming IO-580|Lycoming AEIO-580-B1A]]
|eng1 type=6-cyl. air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine
|eng1 kw=232
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 note=
|power original=
|thrust original=
|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng2 number=
|eng2 name=
|eng2 type=
|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 note=
|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng3 number=
|eng3 name=
|eng3 type=
|eng3 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 note=
|eng3 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|more power=

|prop blade number=2
|prop name=HARTZELL HC-C2YR-4CF/FC 8475-8 constant speed propeller
|prop dia m=1.98
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia note=

|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=345
|max speed mph=
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=280
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=95
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=425
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed kts=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=1160
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=1160
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=6000
|ceiling ft=
|ceiling note=
|g limits=+6 -3 g
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=8.5
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate note=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|disk loading kg/m2=
|disk loading lb/sqft=
|disk loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=
<!--
        Armament
-->
|guns=
|bombs=
|rockets=
|missiles=
|hardpoints= 2
|hardpoint capacity= {{convert|100|kg|abbr=on}} bombs, {{convert|7.62|mm|in|abbr=on|3}} or {{convert|12.7|mm|in|abbr=on|3}} calibre machine-gun pods or {{convert|57|mm|in|abbr=on|3}} rocket pods (7 rockets each)
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=

|avionics=
}}

==See also==
{{Aircontent|
|related=
* [[Kobac]], [[turboprop]] trainer and [[counter-insurgency]] aircraft.
|similar aircraft=
* [[ENAER T-35 Pillán]]
* [[Socata TB 30 Epsilon]]
|lists=
|see also=
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Utva_Lasta|Utva Lasta}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-i_J6v04z8 Lasta 95 - Training aircraft]

{{Utva aircraft}}
{{Military Technical Institute Belgrade}}
{{YAF aircraft}}

[[Category:UTVA aircraft|Lasta]]
[[Category:1980s Yugoslav military trainer aircraft]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Military Technical Institute Belgrade]]
[[Category:Single-engined piston aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1985]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]