View source for United Nations Security Council Resolution 825

{{Short description|1993 UN resolution}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox UN resolution
|number = 825
|organ = SC
|date = 11 May
|year = 1993
|meeting = 3,212
|code = S/RES/825
|document = https://undocs.org/S/RES/825(1993)
|for = 13
|abstention = 2
|against = 0
|subject = Non-proliferation<br />Democratic People's Republic of Korea
|result = Adopted
|image = North Korea nuclear.svg
|caption = North Korea and nuclear weapons
}}
{{North Korea and the United Nations |expanded=Nuclear Proliferation}}
'''United Nations Security Council resolution 825''', adopted on 11 May 1993, called upon the [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea]] (the DPRK, or North Korea) to reconsider its decision to withdraw from the [[Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons]] and allow weapons inspectors from the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] (IAEA) into the country, after it had previously refused entry.<ref name="keesing">"May 1993 – Controversy over nuclear issue". Keesing's Record of World Events. '''39''', p. 39,463. May 1993.</ref>

==Background==
On 30 January 1992, North Korea officially signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in a "full scope safeguards agreement" after originally acceding to it in 1985,<ref name="dd">Kapur, S. P. (2007). ''Dangerous deterrent: nuclear weapons proliferation and conflict in South Asia.'' Stanford University Press. p. 155. {{ISBN|978-0-8047-5550-4}}.</ref> which allowed inspections to begin in June 1992; however, meetings failed to establish a bilateral inspection regime.<ref name="us">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2792.htm North Korea]. [[United States Department of State|U.S. State Department]].</ref> The IAEA was not satisfied that North Korea had fully disclosed its [[plutonium]] production and requested access to certain facilities.<ref name="dd" /> Due to lack of progress in the negotiations, and the DPRK's refusal to allow inspection of two suspected [[nuclear waste]] sites, North Korea notified the IAEA on 12 March 1993 concerning its intention to withdraw from the Non-Proliferation Treaty.<ref name="us" /> The Board of Governors at the IAEA later notified the Security Council that North Korea was not in compliance with its obligations under the Joint Agreement between the DPRK and the IAEA.<ref name="bothe">Bothe, M., Ronzitti, N. & Rosas, A. (1998). ''The new Chemical Weapons Convention–implementation and prospects.'' Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 291. {{ISBN|978-90-411-1099-2}}.</ref>

==Provisions==
The resolution passed with 13 votes, none against and two abstentions from the People's Republic of China and [[Pakistan]],<ref>[http://www.un.int/korea/sc.html Republic of Korea in the United Nations – Part II Security Council – 11 May 1993] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511104155/http://www.un.int/korea/sc.html |date=11 May 2009 }}. Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations.</ref> which both called for North Korea to return to the NPT.<ref>Lampton, D. (2001). ''The making of Chinese foreign and security policy in the era of reform, 1978–2000.'' Stanford University Press. p. 393. {{ISBN|978-0-8047-4056-2}}.</ref> The Security Council noted with concern the intentions of the DPRK and reaffirmed the "crucial contribution which progress in [[non-proliferation]] can make to the maintenance of international peace and security" and called on the [[Government of North Korea|North Korean government]] to be committed and honour its obligations under the Treaty.<ref>Fassbender, Bardo. (1998). ''UN security council reform and the right of veto: a constitutional perspective.'' Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 212. {{ISBN|978-90-411-0592-9}}.</ref> The resolution also required the Director-General of the IAEA to consult with the DPRK to find a solution and report back in due course.<ref>Text of resolution 825.</ref> At the insistence of the People's Republic of China, which abstained, the resolution did not make reference to any sanctions if North Korea failed to comply with the Security Council.<ref name="keesing" />

==Aftermath==
North Korea accused the IAEA of "liquidating her [[socialism]]"<ref>Yŏnʼguwŏn, M. T. (1998). ''The Korean journal of national unification.'' Research Institute for National Unification.</ref> and conducted [[1993 North Korean missile test|further missile tests]] on 29–30 May 1993, firing [[Rodong-1]] [[ballistic missile]]s into the [[Sea of Japan]]. After direct negotiations with the United States, North Korea revoked its earlier decision to withdraw from the NPT in June 1993 and weapons inspections resumed, though not under the full terms of access under the original Joint Agreement.<ref name="bothe" /> In October 1994, the ongoing negotiations resulted in the [[Agreed Framework between the United States of America and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea|Agreed Framework]] in which the DPRK agreed to the original 1992 IAEA safeguards and to freeze and dismantle its [[nuclear reactor]]s and other facilities under the supervision of the IAEA in exchange for [[light water reactor]]s.<ref>Kapur (2007), p. 156</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 801 to 900]] (1993–1994)
* [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1874]]
* [[North Korea and weapons of mass destruction]]
* [[1994 North Korean nuclear crisis|1993-1994 North Korean nuclear crisis]] 

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{wikisource-inline|United Nations Security Council Resolution 825}}
*[https://undocs.org/S/RES/825(1993) Text of the Resolution at undocs.org]

{{UNSCR DPRK}}

{{UNSCR 1993}}
{{Nuclear program of North Korea}}

[[Category:1993 United Nations Security Council resolutions| 0825]]
[[Category:Nuclear program of North Korea]]
[[Category:United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning North Korea| 0825]]
[[Category:United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning nuclear proliferation| 0825]]
[[Category:May 1993]]
[[Category:1993 in North Korea]]