View source for United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379

{{Short description|UNGA resolution adopted in 1975, revoked in 1991}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{pp-30-500|small=yes}}
{{Infobox UN resolution
|number = 3379
|organ = GA
|date = 10 November
|year = 1975
|meeting = 2400
|code = A/RES/3379
|document = https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-181963/
|for = 72
|abstention = 32
|against = 35
|subject = Elimination of all forms of racial discrimination
|result = Adopted, but revoked on 16 December 1991
|image = A forest of national flags welcomed a delegation of US Senators who came to Israel (FL62043414).jpg
|caption = Flag of Israel
}}

'''United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379''', adopted on 10 November 1975, "''Determines'' that [[Zionism]] is a form of [[racism]] and [[racial discrimination]]" with 72 votes in favour, 35 votes against, and 32 abstentions. It was revoked by [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379#Revocation|Resolution 46/86]], adopted on 16 December 1991 with 111 votes in favour, 25 votes against, and 13 abstentions.<ref name="NYT: U.N. Repeals Its '75 Resolution Equating Zionism With Racism">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Paul |date=17 December 1991 |title=U.N. Repeals Its '75 Resolution Equating Zionism With Racism |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/17/world/un-repeals-its-75-resolution-equating-zionism-with-racism.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111211632/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/17/world/un-repeals-its-75-resolution-equating-zionism-with-racism.html |archive-date=11 January 2013 |access-date=11 May 2013 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> The vote for Resolution 3379 was held nearly one year after the adoption of [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3236|Resolution 3236]] and [https://www.un.org/en/ga/62/plenary/palestine/bkg.shtml Resolution 3237]: the former recognized the "[[Palestinian nationalism|Question of Palestine]]" and invited the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) to participate in international diplomacy; and the latter designated the PLO as a [[United Nations General Assembly observers|non-member Assembly observer]] following the "[[wikisource:Yasser_Arafat's_1974_UN_General_Assembly_speech|Olive Branch Speech]]" by Palestinian political leader [[Yasser Arafat]].

In the context of the [[Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination]], adopted on 10 November 1963, Resolution 3379 officially condemned the national ideology of the [[Israel|State of Israel]]. It was sponsored by the [[Arab League]] and a number of [[Muslim world|Muslim-majority countries]], and was chiefly supported by in-favour votes from the [[Second World]] and many [[Sub-Saharan Africa|African countries]]. Israel, which had been granted [[Member states of the United Nations|United Nations membership]] in 1949, voted against Resolution 3379 and subsequently condemned it, and was chiefly supported by the [[First World]].

== Background ==
{{Main|List of United Nations resolutions concerning Israel}}

=== Jewish nationalism in Palestine ===
In July 1920, at the [[San Remo conference]], a [[Mandate for Palestine|Class "A" League of Nations mandate over Palestine was allocated to the British]]. The preamble of the mandate document declared:
<blockquote>Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the [[Balfour Declaration|declaration originally made on November&nbsp;2nd, 1917]], by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a [[national home for the Jewish people]], it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.<ref name="AvalonPalmanda">{{cite web|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/palmanda.asp|title=The Avalon Project : The Palestine Mandate|access-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> </blockquote>

=== UN Partition Plan for Palestine ===
On 29 November 1947, the [[UN General Assembly]] adopted a resolution recommending "to the United Kingdom, as the mandatory Power for Palestine, and to all other Members of the United Nations the adoption and implementation, with regard to the future government of Palestine, of the Plan of Partition with Economic Union" as [[United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine|Resolution 181 (II)]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel |url=http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/0/7f0af2bd897689b785256c330061d253 |date=29 November 1947 |publisher=United Nations |access-date=11 January 2012 |archive-date=24 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524094913/http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/0/7f0af2bd897689b785256c330061d253 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The plan contained a proposal to terminate the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate for Palestine]] and partition Palestine into "independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem." On 14 May 1948, the day on which the British Mandate over Palestine expired, the [[Jewish People's Council]] gathered at the Tel Aviv Museum, and approved a proclamation which declared ''[[Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel|the establishment]] of a [[Jewish state]] in [[Eretz Israel]], to be known as the [[State of Israel]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace+Process/Guide+to+the+Peace+Process/Declaration+of+Establishment+of+State+of+Israel.htm|title=Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel|work=GxMSDev|access-date=17 April 2016}}</ref>

On 11 May 1949, Israel was admitted to membership in the United Nations.<ref>[https://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/83E8C29DB812A4E9852560E50067A5AC Admission of Israel to UN: Retrieved 24 May 2013] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615041505/http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/83E8C29DB812A4E9852560E50067A5AC |date=15 June 2013}}</ref>

== Text of Resolution 3379 ==

The full text of Resolution 3379:<ref>Resolution 3379: [https://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/761C1063530766A7052566A2005B74D1 ''Elimination of all forms of racial discrimination''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121206052903/http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/761C1063530766A7052566A2005B74D1 |date=6 December 2012}}. UNGA, 10 November 1975 (doc.nr. A/RES/3379 (XXX))</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Elimination of all forms of racial discrimination: Zionism as racism - GA resolution |url=https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-181963/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Question of Palestine |language=en-US}}</ref>
{{blockquote|

'''3379 (XXX). Elimination of all forms of racial discrimination'''

''The General Assembly,''

''Recalling'' its resolution 1904 (XVIII) of 20 November 1963, proclaiming the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, and in particular its affirmation that "any doctrine of racial differentiation or superiority is scientifically false, morally condemnable, socially unjust and dangerous" and its expression of alarm at "the manifestations of racial discrimination still in evidence in some areas in the world, some of which are imposed by certain Governments by means of legislative, administrative or other measures",

''Recalling also'' that, in its resolution 3151 G (XXVIII) of 14 December 1973, the General Assembly condemned, ''inter alia'', the [[Unholy Alliance (geopolitical)|unholy alliance]] between South African racism and zionism,

''Taking note'' of the [[Declaration of Mexico on the Equality of Women and Their Contribution to Development and Peace]] 1975, proclaimed by the World Conference of the [[International Women's Year]], held at [[Mexico City]] from 19 June to 2 July 1975, which promulgated the principle that "international co-operation and peace require the achievement of national liberation and independence, the elimination of [[colonialism]] and [[neo-colonialism]], [[Military occupation|foreign occupation]], zionism, ''[[apartheid]]'' and [[racial discrimination]] in all its forms, as well as the recognition of the dignity of peoples and their right to self-determination",

''Taking note also'' of resolution 77 (XII) adopted by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the [[Organization of African Unity]] at its twelfth ordinary session, held at [[Kampala]] from 28 July to 1 August 1975, which considered "that the racist regime in [[Israeli-occupied territories|occupied Palestine]] and the racist regime in [[Rhodesia|Zimbabwe]] and [[South Africa]] have a common [[imperialism|imperialist]] origin, forming a whole and having the same racist structure and being organically linked in their policy aimed at repression of the dignity and integrity of the human being",

''Taking note also'' of the Political Declaration and Strategy to Strengthen International Peace and Security and to Intensify Solidarity and Mutual Assistance among Non-Aligned Countries, adopted at the Conference of Ministers for Foreign Affairs of [[Non-Aligned Movement|Non-Aligned Countries]] held at [[Lima]] from 25 to 30 August 1975, which most severely condemned zionism as a threat to world peace and security and called upon all countries to oppose this racist and imperialist ideology,

''Determines'' that Zionism is a form of racism and racial discrimination.
}}

== Votes of Resolution 3379 ==
[[File:UNGA 3379 Map.png|thumb|300px|Voting record]]

{| class="wikitable"
! '''In favour (72)'''<br />'''''25 states sponsoring''''' !! '''Abstaining (32)''' !! '''Against (35)'''
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
|
{| <!-- Nested table -->
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
| ''{{flagdeco|Afghanistan|1974}} [[Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)|Afghanistan]]''<br />{{flagcountry|People's Socialist Republic of Albania}}<br />''{{flag|Algeria}}''<br />''{{flagdeco|Bahrain}} [[State of Bahrain|Bahrain]]''<br />{{flag|Bangladesh}}<br />{{flagdeco|Brazil|1968}} [[Brazilian military government|Brazil]]<br />{{flagcountry|People's Republic of Bulgaria}}<br />{{flag|Burundi}}<br />{{flag|Byelorussian SSR}}<br />{{flag|Cameroon}}<br />{{flag|Cape Verde|1975}}<br />{{flag|Chad}}<br />{{flag|China}}<br />{{flagcountry|People's Republic of the Congo|name=Congo}}<br />''{{flag|Cuba}}''<br />{{flag|Cyprus|1960}}<br />{{flagcountry|Czechoslovak Socialist Republic}}<br />''{{flag|Dahomey}}''<br />''{{flag|South Yemen}}''<br />''{{flag|Egypt|1972}}''<br />{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}<br />{{flag|The Gambia}}<br />{{flag|German Democratic Republic|name=East Germany}}<br />{{flag|Grenada}}<br />''{{flag|Guinea}}''<br />{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br />{{flag|Guyana}}<br />{{flagcountry|Hungarian People's Republic}}<br />{{flag|India}}<br />{{flag|Indonesia}}<br />{{flagcountry|Pahlavi dynasty}}<br />''{{flagcountry|Ba'athist Iraq|1968}}''<br />''{{flag|Jordan}}''<br />{{flagdeco|Cambodia}} [[Democratic Kampuchea|Kampuchea]]<br />''{{flag|Kuwait}}''<br />{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Laos}}<br />''{{flag|Lebanon}}''
|''{{flagdeco|Libya|1972}} [[History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi#Libyan Arab Republic|Libya]]''<br />{{flagdeco|Madagascar}} [[Democratic Republic of Madagascar|Madagascar]]<br />{{flag|Malaysia}}<br />{{flag|Maldives}}<br />{{flag|Mali}}<br />{{flag|Malta}}<br />''{{flag|Mauritania|1959}}''<br />{{flag|Mexico}}<br />{{flagcountry|Mongolian People's Republic}}<br />''{{flag|Morocco}}''<br />{{flagdeco|Mozambique|1975}} [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]<br />{{flag|Niger}}<br />{{flag|Nigeria}}<br />''{{flag|Oman|1970}}''<br />{{flag|Pakistan}}<br />{{flagcountry|Polish People's Republic|1928}}<br />{{flag|Portugal}}<br />''{{flag|Qatar}}''<br />{{flag|Rwanda|1962}}<br />{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br />''{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}''<br />{{flag|Senegal}}<br />''{{flagdeco|Somalia}} [[Somali Democratic Republic|Somalia]]''<br />{{flag|Soviet Union|1955}}<br />{{flag|Sri Lanka}}<br />''{{flagdeco|Sudan}} [[History of Sudan (1969–85)|Sudan]]''<br />''{{flag|Syrian Arab Republic|1972|name=Syria}}''<br />''{{flag|Tunisia}}''<br />{{flag|Turkey}}<br />{{flag|Uganda}}<br />{{flag|Ukrainian SSR}}<br />''{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}''<br />{{flag|United Republic of Tanzania|name=Tanzania}}<br />''{{flag|Yemen Arab Republic|name=Yemen}}''<br />{{flagcountry|Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia}}
|} <!-- End of nested table -->
| {{flag|Argentina}}<br />{{flag|Bhutan}}<br />{{flag|Bolivia}}<br />{{flag|Botswana}}<br />{{flagdeco|Burma|1974}} [[Burmese Way to Socialism|Burma]]<br />{{flagdeco|Chile}} [[Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–90)|Chile]]<br />{{flag|Colombia}}<br />{{flag|Ecuador|1900}}<br />{{flagdeco|Ethiopia|1975}} [[Derg|Ethiopia]]<br />{{flag|Gabon}}<br />{{flag|Ghana}}<br />{{flag|Greece}}<br />{{flag|Guatemala}}<br />{{flag|Jamaica}}<br />{{flag|Japan|1870}}<br />{{flag|Kenya}}<br />{{flag|Lesotho|1966}}<br />{{flagdeco|Mauritius}} [[Mauritius (1968–1992)|Mauritius]]<br />{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Nepal}}<br />{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}<br />{{flag|Paraguay|1954}}<br />{{flag|Peru}}<br />{{flagdeco|Philippines|1936}} [[History of the Philippines (1965–86)|Philippines]]<br />{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br />{{flag|Singapore}}<br />{{flags|Thailand_(1917-2017)|link=|size=23px}} [[Thailand]]<br />{{flag|Togo}}<br />{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br />{{flag|Upper Volta}}<br />{{flagdeco|Venezuela|1954}} [[Republic of Venezuela|Venezuela]]<br />{{flag|Zaire}}<br />{{flag|Zambia|1964}}
| {{flag|Australia}}<br />{{flag|Austria}}<br />{{flag|Bahamas}}<br />{{flag|Barbados}}<br />{{flag|Belgium}}<br />{{flag|Canada}}<br />{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br />{{flag|Costa Rica}}<br />{{flag|Denmark}}<br />{{flag|Dominican Republic}}<br />{{flag|El Salvador}}<br />{{flag|Fiji}}<br />{{flag|Finland}}<br />{{flag|France}}<br />{{flag|West Germany}}<br />{{flagdeco|Haiti|1964}} [[Duvalier dynasty|Haiti]]<br />{{flag|Honduras|1949}}<br />{{flag|Iceland}}<br />{{flag|Ireland}}<br />{{flag|Israel}}<br />{{flags|Italy (1946–2003)|link=|size=23px}} [[Italy]]<br />{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<br />{{flag|Liberia}}<br />{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br />{{flag|Malawi}}<br />{{flag|Netherlands}}<br />{{flag|New Zealand}}<br />{{flag|Nicaragua}}<br />{{flag|Norway}}<br />{{flag|Panama}}<br />{{flag|Swaziland}}<br />{{flag|Sweden}}<br />{{flag|United Kingdom}}<br />{{flag|United States|1960}}<br />{{flag|Uruguay}}
|- style="text-align: center;"
|colspan=3| Source: United Nations Bibliographic Information System<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unbisnet.un.org:8080/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=108V0691N26Y9.82&menu=search&aspect=power&npp=50&ipp=20&profile=voting&ri=&index=.VM&term=A/RES/3379%28XXX%29|title=UNBISnet|access-date=31 August 2017|archive-date=31 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231132408/http://unbisnet.un.org:8080/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=108V0691N26Y9.82&menu=search&aspect=power&npp=50&ipp=20&profile=voting&ri=&index=.VM&term=A/RES/3379(XXX)|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}

== Response ==
=== Israel ===
{{See also|Israel and the United Nations}}

<!--these quotes are moved from the "Zionism and Racism"-article-->
In his address to the [[United Nations General Assembly]] the same day, 10 November 1975, Israeli Ambassador [[Chaim Herzog]] stated:<ref name="Blaisdell2014">{{cite book|last=Blaisdell|first=Bob|title=Great Speeches of the 20th Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qxNeBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA163|access-date=9 November 2017|date=18 August 2014|publisher=Courier Corporation|isbn=9780486315560|page=163}}</ref>
{{Blockquote|"I can point with pride to the Arab ministers who have served in my government; to the Arab deputy speaker of my Parliament; to Arab officers and men serving of their own volition in our border and police defense forces, frequently commanding Jewish troops; to the hundreds of thousands of Arabs from all over the Middle East crowding the cities of Israel every year; to the thousands of Arabs from all over the Middle East coming for medical treatment to Israel; to the peaceful coexistence which has developed; to the fact that Arabic is an official language in Israel on a par with Hebrew; to the fact that it is as natural for an Arab to serve in public office in Israel as it is incongruous to think of a Jew serving in any public office in an Arab country, indeed being admitted to many of them. Is that racism? It is not! That ... is Zionism."}}

Herzog ended his statement, while holding a copy of the resolution, with these words: {{Blockquote|"For us, the Jewish people, this resolution based on hatred, falsehood and arrogance, is devoid of any moral or legal value. For us, the Jewish people, this is no more than a piece of paper and we shall treat it as such."}} As he concluded his speech, Herzog tore the resolution in half.

The name of the "UN Avenue" in Haifa, Jerusalem and Tel Aviv was switched to the "Zionism Avenue" as a response to the UN's decision.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.tel-aviv.gov.il/Forms/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9A%20%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%95%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA%20-%20%D7%93%20-%20%D7%94.pdf|title=Tel Aviv-Jaffa Streets Guide|last=פדן|first=יחיעם|year=2005|pages=158}}</ref>

=== United States ===
Before the vote, [[Daniel Patrick Moynihan]], the United States ambassador to the United Nations, warned that, "The United Nations is about to make anti-Semitism international law."<ref>Gil Troy, "Moynihan's Moment: America's Fight Against Zionism is Racism", page 134</ref> He delivered a speech against the resolution, including the famous line, "[The United States] does not acknowledge, it will not abide by, it will never acquiesce in this infamous act ... A great evil has been loosed upon the world."<ref>Stanley Meisler, ''United Nations: A History'', 2011, page 215</ref>

In [[Campbell, California]], in the [[United States]], a group of high school students attempted to solicit signatures on the premises of a local shopping center for a petition against Resolution 3379. The result was the landmark [[U.S. Supreme Court]] decision in ''[[Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins]]'' (1980) that supported states' rights to expand the exercise of free speech, which California held was legal in what were considered public areas of a shopping mall.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/447/74|title=Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins|work=LII / Legal Information Institute|access-date=17 April 2016}}</ref>

Mexico's vote in favor of the resolution led some United States Jews to organize a tourism boycott of Mexico. This ended after Mexican foreign minister [[Emilio Óscar Rabasa]] made a trip to Israel (Rabasa shortly afterward was forced to resign).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ottix.net/~nagual/amate.html |title=Mexican Heritage Almanac |access-date=10 September 2012 |archive-date=5 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705171651/http://www.ottix.net/~nagual/amate.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tau.ac.il/eial/VIII_2/cimet.htm|title=Estudios Interdisciplinarios de América Latina y el Caribe|access-date=17 April 2016}}</ref>

== Revocation ==
{{Infobox UN resolution
|number = 46/86
|organ = GA
|date = 16 December
|year = 1991
|meeting = 74
|code = A/RES/46/86
|document = https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-180327/
|for = 111
|abstention = 13
|against = 25
|subject = Elimination of racism and racial discrimination
|result = Adopted
|image =
|caption =
}}
'''United Nations General Assembly Resolution 46/86''', adopted on 16 December 1991, revoked Resolution 3379's designation of Zionism as a form of racism and racial discrimination.<ref name="NYT: U.N. Repeals Its '75 Resolution Equating Zionism With Racism" /> Israel had made the revocation a condition for its participation in the [[Madrid Conference of 1991]].<ref>{{cite web |title=260 General Assembly Resolution 46-86- Revocation of Resolution 3379- 16 December 1991- and statement by President Herzog |url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/mfadocuments/yearbook8/pages/260%20general%20assembly%20resolution%2046-86-%20revocation.aspx |access-date=17 April 2016 |work=GxMSDev}}</ref> The vote on Resolution 46/86 was held shortly after the [[Gulf War]] with sponsorship by 88 countries, including the overwhelming majority of both the [[First World]] and the [[Second World]], and was chiefly supported by many [[Sub-Saharan Africa|African countries]]. The [[Arab League]], most [[Muslim world|Muslim-majority countries]], and four other countries ([[Cuba]], [[North Korea]], [[Sri Lanka]], and [[Vietnam]]) voted against it.

In total, the motion to revoke Resolution 3379 received 111 votes in favour, 25 votes against, and 13 abstentions.

=== Motion by the United States ===
Resolution 46/86 was raised under pressure from the United States,<ref name="presidency.ucsb.edu">[http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=20012 Address to the 46th Session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York City]. 23 September 1991. The American Presidency Project</ref> and American president [[George H. W. Bush]] personally introduced the motion to revoke Resolution 3379 with the following statement:

{{blockquote|UNGA Resolution 3379, the so-called "Zionism is racism" resolution, mocks this pledge and the principles upon which the United Nations was founded. And I call now for its repeal. Zionism is not a policy; it is the idea that led to the creation of a home for the Jewish people, to the State of Israel. And to equate Zionism with the intolerable sin of racism is to twist history and forget the terrible plight of Jews in World War II and, indeed, throughout history. To equate Zionism with racism is to reject Israel itself, a member of good standing of the United Nations.

This body cannot claim to seek peace and at the same time challenge Israel's [[right to exist]]. By repealing this resolution unconditionally, the United Nations will enhance its credibility and serve the cause of peace.<ref name="presidency.ucsb.edu"/>}}

=== Text of Resolution 46/86 ===
The full text of the revocation was simply:<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-12-07 |title=A/RES/46/86 of 16 December 1991 |url=http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/9a798adbf322aff38525617b006d88d7/0aea0b9fe5c99b0885256a9b0061300c?OpenDocument |access-date=2023-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207090812/http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/9a798adbf322aff38525617b006d88d7/0aea0b9fe5c99b0885256a9b0061300c?OpenDocument |archive-date=7 December 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Racism and racial discrimination/Revocation of resolution 3379 ("Zionism as racism") - GA resolution |url=https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-180327/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Question of Palestine |language=en-US}}</ref>

"The General Assembly decides to revoke the determination contained in its resolution 3379 (XXX) of 10 November 1975."

=== Votes of Resolution 46/86 ===
[[Image:UNGA 4686 Map.png|thumb|300px|Voting record]]
{| class="wikitable"
! '''In favour (111)'''<br />'''''88 states sponsoring''''' !! '''Abstaining (13)''' !! '''Against (25)''' !! '''Absent (15)'''
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
|
{| <!-- Nested table -->
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
| ''{{flagcountry|People's Socialist Republic of Albania}}''<br />''{{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}''<br /> ''{{flag|Argentina}}''<br />''{{flag|Australia}}''<br />''{{flag|Austria}}''<br />''{{flag|Bahamas}}''<br />''{{flag|Barbados}}''<br />''{{flag|Belarus|1991}}''<br />''{{flag|Belgium}}''<br />''{{flag|Belize}}''<br />{{flag|Benin}}<br /> {{flag|Bhutan}}<br />''{{flag|Bolivia}}''<br />{{flag|Botswana}}<br />''{{flag|Brazil}}''<br />''{{flag|Bulgaria}}''<br />''{{flag|Burundi}}''<br />{{flagdeco|Cambodia|1989}} [[People's Republic of Kampuchea#Transition: State of Cambodia (1989–1993)|Cambodia]]<br />{{flag|Cameroon}}<br />''{{flag|Canada}}''<br />{{flag|Cape Verde|1975}}<br />''{{flag|Central African Republic}}''<br />''{{flag|Chile}}''<br />{{flag|Congo}}<br />''{{flag|Costa Rica}}''<br />{{flag|Côte d’Ivoire}}<br />''{{flag|Cyprus|1960}}''<br />''{{flagdeco|Czechoslovakia}} [[Czech and Slovak Federative Republic|Czechoslovakia]]''<br />''{{flag|Denmark}}''<br />''{{flag|Dominica}}''<br />''{{flag|Dominican Republic}}''<br />''{{flag|Ecuador}}''<br />''{{flag|El Salvador}}''<br />''{{flag|Estonia}}''<br />{{flag|Fiji}}<br />''{{flag|Finland}}''<br />''{{flag|France}}''<br />{{flag|Gabon}}<br />''{{flag|The Gambia}}''<br />''{{flag|Germany}}''<br />''{{flag|Greece}}''<br />''{{flag|Grenada}}''<br />''{{flag|Guatemala}}''<br />''{{flag|Guyana}}''<br />{{flag|Haiti}}<br />''{{flag|Honduras|1949}}''<br />''{{flag|Hungary}}''<br />''{{flag|Iceland}}''<br />{{flag|India}}<br />''{{flag|Ireland}}''<br />''{{flag|Israel}}''<br />''{{flags|Italy (1946–2003)|size=23px|link=}} [[Italy]]''<br />''{{flag|Jamaica}}''<br />''{{flag|Japan|1870}}''<br />{{flag|Kenya}}<br />{{flag|Lesotho|1987}}
| ''{{flag|Latvia}}''<br />''{{flag|Liberia}}''<br />''{{flag|Lithuania|1988}}''<br />''{{flag|Luxembourg}}''<br />''{{flag|Madagascar}}''<br />''{{flag|Malta}}''<br />''{{flag|Malawi}}''<br />''{{flag|Marshall Islands}}''<br />''{{flag|Mexico}}''<br />''{{flagcountry|Mongolian People's Republic}}''<br />''{{flag|Micronesia, Federated States of|name=Micronesia}}''<br />''{{flag|Mozambique}}''<br />{{flag|Namibia}}<br />{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Nepal}}<br />''{{flag|Netherlands}}''<br />''{{flag|New Zealand}}''<br />''{{flag|Nicaragua}}''<br />{{flag|Nigeria}}<br />''{{flag|Norway}}''<br />''{{flag|Panama}}''<br />''{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}''<br />''{{flag|Paraguay|1988}}''<br />''{{flag|Peru}}''<br />{{flag|Philippines|1986}} <br />''{{flag|Poland}}''<br />''{{flag|Portugal}}''<br />''{{flag|Republic of Korea|1984}}''<br />''{{flag|Romania}}''<br />''{{flag|Rwanda|1962}}''<br />''{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}''<br />''{{flag|Saint Lucia|1979}}''<br />''{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}''<br />{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br />{{flag|Seychelles|1977}}<br />''{{flag|Sierra Leone}}''<br />''{{flag|Singapore}}''<br />''{{flag|Solomon Islands}}''<br />''{{flag|Soviet Union}}''<br />''{{flag|Spain}}''<br />''{{flag|Suriname}}''<br />''{{flag|Swaziland}}''<br />''{{flag|Sweden}}''<br />{{flag|Thailand}}<br />{{flag|Togo}}<br />''{{flag|Ukraine|1991}}''<br />''{{flag|United Kingdom}}''<br />''{{flag|United States}}''<br />''{{flag|Uruguay}}''<br />''{{flagdeco|Venezuela|1954}} [[Republic of Venezuela|Venezuela]]''<br />''{{flag|Yugoslavia}}''<br />''{{flag|Zaire}}''<br />''{{flag|Zambia|1964}}
|} <!-- End of nested table -->
| {{flagdeco|Angola}} [[People's Republic of Angola|Angola]]<br />{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<br />{{flagdeco|Ethiopia|1991}} [[Transitional Government of Ethiopia|Ethiopia]]<br />{{flag|Ghana}}<br />{{flag|Lao People's Democratic Republic|name=Laos}}<br />{{flag|Maldives}}<br />{{flagdeco|Mauritius}} [[Mauritius (1968–1992)|Mauritius]]<br />{{flagdeco|Burma|1974}} [[State Peace and Development Council|Myanmar]]<br />{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br />{{flag|Turkey}}<br />{{flag|Uganda}}<br />{{flag|United Republic of Tanzania|name=Tanzania}}<br />{{flag|Zimbabwe}}
| {{flagdeco|Afghanistan|1987}} [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]]<br />{{flag|Algeria}}<br />{{flag|Brunei}}<br />{{flag|Bangladesh}}<br />{{flag|Cuba}}<br />{{flag|Democratic People's Republic of Korea}}<br />{{flag|Indonesia}}<br />{{flag|Iran}}<br />{{flagcountry|Ba'athist Iraq}}<br />{{flag|Jordan}}<br />{{flag|Lebanon}}<br />{{flag|Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|name=Libya}}<br />{{flag|Malaysia}}<br />{{flag|Mali}}<br />{{flag|Mauritania|1959}}<br />{{flag|Pakistan}}<br />{{flag|Qatar}}<br />{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}<br />{{flagdeco|Somalia}} [[Interim Government of Somalia|Somalia]]<br />{{flag|Sri Lanka}}<br />{{flag|Sudan}}<br />{{flag|Syrian Arab Republic|1980}}<br />{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}<br />{{flag|Vietnam}}<br />{{flag|Yemen}}
| {{flagdeco|Bahrain}} [[State of Bahrain|Bahrain]]<br />{{flag|Chad}}<br />{{flag|China}}<br />{{flag|Comoros|1978}}<br />{{flag|Djibouti}}<br />{{flag|Egypt}}<br />{{flag|Guinea}}<br />{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br />{{flagdeco|Kuwait}} [[Kuwaiti Government in exile|Kuwait]]<br />{{flag|Morocco}}<br />{{flag|Niger}}<br />{{flag|Oman|1985}}<br />{{flag|Senegal}}<br />{{flag|South Africa|1982}}<br />{{flag|Tunisia}}<br />{{flag|Vanuatu}}
|- style="text-align: center;"
|colspan=4| Source: United Nations Bibliographic Information System<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unbisnet.un.org:8080/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=15K41KB487480.29096&menu=search&aspect=power&npp=50&ipp=20&spp=20&profile=voting&ri=1&index=.VM&term=46/86|title=UNBISnet|access-date=31 August 2017}}</ref>
|}

== Legacy ==
On 21 June 2004, while inaugurating the first United Nations conference on the issue of [[antisemitism]], the [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]] [[Kofi Annan]] stated that "the actions of the United Nations on the issue of antisemitism have not always been worthy of its ideals. It is deplorable that the General Assembly adopted in 1975 a resolution which assimilated Zionism with racism and I welcome that it later came back on its position".<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2004 |title=Message du Secrétaire général : L'antisémitisme a été le signe avant-coureur d'autres formes de discrimination |url=https://www.un.org/french/pubs/chronique/2004/numero2/0204p4.html |access-date= |website=[[United Nations]]}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Arab–Israeli conflict]]
** [[Anti-Zionism]]
** [[Israel and apartheid|Israel and the apartheid analogy]]
** [[Comparisons between Israel and Nazi Germany]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121206052903/http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/761C1063530766A7052566A2005B74D1 United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379 (10 November 1975)] (Official UN site)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130204212543/http://domino.un.org/pdfs/APV2400.pdf Report of the Plenary Meeting A/PV.2400] (Official UN site)
* [https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/UN/herzogsp.html Israeli Ambassador Herzog's response to ''Zionism is racism'' resolution (10 November 1975)]
* [http://americanrhetoric.com/speeches/danielpatrickmoynihanun3379.htm  Ambassador Moynihan's response to ''Zionism is racism'' resolution]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081030110956/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9704/17/herzog.obit/herzog.rip.21.1.1.mov Video footage of Ambassador Herzog concluding his remarks and tearing the resolution in half (10 November 1975)]
* [http://www.ajcarchives.org/main.php?GroupingId=3780 American Jewish Committees' extensive archive of materials on the Zionism is Racism controversy]

{{Zionism}}
{{United Nations}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1975 in law]]
[[Category:1975 in the United Nations]]
[[Category:Anti-racism]]
[[Category:Anti-Zionism]]
[[Category:Criticism of the United Nations]]
[[Category:Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the United Nations]]
[[Category:November 1975]]
[[Category:Politics and race]]
[[Category:United Nations General Assembly resolutions|3379]]
[[Category:United Nations General Assembly resolutions concerning Israel]]
[[Category:Zionism]]
[[Category:New antisemitism]]