View source for USCGC Acushnet (WMEC-167)

{{short description|United States Coast Guard cutter}}
{{other ships|USCGC Acushnet}}
{{Infobox ship
|section1={{Infobox ship/image
 |image=Cg acushnet.jpeg
 |image_caption=USCGC ''Acushnet'' (WMEC-167)
 }}

|section2={{Infobox ship/career
 |hide_header=
 |country=[[United States]]
 |flag={{USN flag|1945}}
 |name= USS ''Shackle'' 
 |namesake=
 |owner=
 |operator= [[US Navy]]
 |registry=
 |route=
 |ordered=
 |awarded=
 |builder= [[Basalt Rock Company]]
 |original_cost=
 |yard_number=
 |way_number=
 |laid_down=26 October 1942
 |launched= 1 April 1943
 |sponsor= Mrs. Walker Cochran
 |christened= 1 April 1943
 |completed=
 |acquired=
 |commissioned= 5 February 1944
 |recommissioned=
 |decommissioned= 29 June 1946
 |maiden_voyage=
 |in_service=
 |out_of_service=
 |renamed=
 |reclassified= 
 |refit=
 |struck=
 |reinstated=
 |homeport= 
 |identification=ARS-9
 |motto=
 |nickname=
 |honors=
 |captured=
 |fate=Transferred to the Coast Guard
 |notes=
 |badge=
 }}

|section3={{Infobox ship/career
 |hide_header=title
 |country=United States
 |flag={{shipboxflag|USA|coast guard}}
 |name= USCGC ''Acushnet''
 |namesake= Revenue Cutter ''Acushnet''
 |owner=
 |operator= [[United States Coast Guard]]
 |registry=
 |route=
 |ordered=
 |awarded=
 |builder= 
 |original_cost=
 |yard_number=
 |way_number=
 |laid_down=
 |completed=
 |acquired=
 |commissioned=23 August 1946
 |recommissioned=
 |decommissioned=11 March 2011
 |maiden_voyage=
 |in_service=
 |out_of_service=
 |renamed=
 |reclassified= (WAGO-167)- 1968. (WMEC-167)- 1978
 |refit=
 |struck=
 |reinstated=
 |homeport= [[Ketchikan, AK]]
 |identification=* WMEC-167
                 * {{MMSI Number|367256000}}
                 *[[Maritime call sign|Callsign]]: NNHA
 |motto= Help, Save, Strengthen!
 |nickname= "A" team of Alaska Fisheries
 |honors=
 |captured=
 |fate= Purchased by individual
 |status=Awaiting restoration
 |notes=
 |badge=*[[Image:USCGC Acushnet (WMEC 167) COA.png|130px]]
        *[[Naval heraldry|Crest]] of USCGC ''Acushnet''
 }}

|section4={{Infobox ship/characteristics
 |hide_header=
 |header_caption=
 |class=
 |type=
 |tonnage=
 |displacement={{convert|1720|LT|MT}}
 |length={{convert|213|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
 |beam={{convert|39|ft|m|abbr=on}}
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 |draught={{convert|14|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}
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 |propulsion=[[Diesel-electric]], four [[Fairbanks-Morse]] 6-cylinder opposed piston engines driving four generators and motors, driving two shafts with {{convert|3460|shp|MW|abbr=on|lk=in}}
 |sail_plan=
 |speed={{convert|15|kn}}
 |range=
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 |boats= 2
 |capacity=
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 |crew= 75
 |time_to_activate=
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 |armament=two 40&nbsp;mm AA [[gun mounts]]; four .50 cal. machine guns
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 }}
}}
'''USCGC ''Acushnet'' (WMEC-167)''' was a cutter of the [[United States Coast Guard]], homeported in [[Ketchikan, Alaska]]. She was originally USS ''Shackle'' (ARS-9), a {{sclass|Diver|rescue and salvage ship|0}} [[rescue and salvage ship]] commissioned by the [[United States Navy]] for service in [[World War II]]. She was responsible for coming to the aid of stricken vessels and received three [[battle stars]] during World War II, before a long career with the Coast Guard. ''Acushnet'' patrolled the waters of the North Pacific and was one of the last World War II era ships on active duty in the US fleet upon her retirement in 2011.

==United States Navy service - 1944 to 1946==
{{main article|USS Shackle (ARS-9)}}
USS ''Shackle'' was laid down on 26 October 1942 by the [[Basalt Rock Company]] in [[Napa, California]]. Launched on 1 April 1943, she was sponsored by Mrs. Walker Cochran. She was commissioned on 5 February 1944, with Lieutenant Charles G. Jenkins Jr. in command. At the time of her building, the country was at war and in need of more naval vessels. As a result of the necessity, three ships, identified only as "naval auxiliaries" underwent construction. The project took less than a year to complete three fleet rescue and salvage vessels which served in the [[Pacific War|Pacific Theater]]. All three vessels later became Coast Guard cutters.

''Shackle''{{'}}s first station was at [[Pearl Harbor, Hawaii]], where she served as a salvage ship in the West Pacific throughout the remainder of World War II. ''Shackle''{{'}}s first year was spent completing extensive salvage assignments clearing wreckage in the channels at Pearl Harbor and [[Midway Island]]. The vessel spent the rest of the year in [[Guam]], [[Eniwetok]], [[Tinian]] and [[Saipan]].<ref name="Service' 1994">USCGC Fiftieth Anniversary pamphlet ''USCGC Acushnet Over 50 Years of Service'' dated 1994.</ref>

On February 15, 1945, ''Shackle'' sailed for the invasion of Iwo Jima where she successfully completed over 44 diving and salvage assignments. One of these was the battle repair of {{USS|Terry|DD-513|6}} which was hit by a Japanese shore battery. During March 1945, ''Shackle'' served as a supporting unit for the [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]] invasion. Between D-Day (April 1, 1945) and September 20, 1945, the ship completed 55 salvage and rescue operations on larger naval craft damaged by kamikaze attacks. There were 108 general alarms during the period.<ref name="Service' 1994"/>

''Shackle'' was assigned to mine sweeping operations in the [[East China Sea]] where over 200 enemy mines of all types were sunk or destroyed. ''Shackle'' cleared the vital docking area of the wreckage of a sunken Japanese cable laying ship at [[United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka|Yokosuka Naval Base]], [[Tokyo Bay]], Japan. During all of these operations the ''Shackle'' suffered no damage or casualties. As part of her service in the Pacific Theater,  ''Shackle'' received three World War II battle stars, the [[WWII Victory Medal]], the [[Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal]], the [[American Campaign Medal]], and the [[Navy Occupation Service Medal]].

On August 23, 1946 USS ''Shackle'' was commissioned into the [[United States Coast Guard]] as USCGC ''Acushnet'' (WAT-167), a search and rescue vessel and was homeported in [[Portland, Maine]].
<gallery>
Image:Oninawa_zoom.jpg|Close-up of USS ''Shackle'' at Okinawa during World War II
Image:USS_SHACKLE_ARS9_During_WWII.jpeg|USS ''Shackle'' circa 1944.
Image:Shackle_ARS9_hardhat_Diver.jpeg|Ship Fitter (First Class) Jack B. Kirch, salvage diver, USN. USS ''Shackle'' (ARS-9) 1944.
Image:USS Shackle (ARS-9) off Iwo Jima, circa in February 1945.jpg|USS ''Shackle'' conducting salvage operations at Okinawa.
</gallery>

==Transfer to the United States Coast Guard - 1946==
Decommissioned by the [[United States Navy]] at the end of World War II, along with her sister ships  {{USS|Seize|ARS-26|6}} and {{USS|Escape|ARS-6|6}}, she was quickly transferred to the [[United States Coast Guard]].  She remained at [[San Diego, California]], until ordered to [[San Francisco, California]], where, on 29 June, she was decommissioned and transferred to the Coast Guard. First homeported in [[Portland, Maine]], as a Coast Guard tug, and renamed USCGC ''Acushnet'' (WAT-167), she earned a sound reputation as a dependable friend to fishermen and boaters in distress.

==North East and International Ice Patrol Service - 1946 to 1968==
While in Portland, Maine ''Acushnet'' became a friend to the maritime community with her search-and-rescue endeavors. While in Maine, ''Acushnet'' served as a search and rescue vessel, and as part of the [[International Ice Patrol]]. ''Acushnet'' and her role in the International Ice Patrol was featured in the April 22nd 1957 edition of ''Life'' magazine.<ref>[[Life (magazine)|Life]] (1957, April 22) [https://books.google.com/books?id=jUkEAAAAMBAJ&dq=life%20Apr%2022%201957&pg=PA55 Icy Menace in the North Atlantic: The International Patrol warms all shipping away from the worst invasion of big bergs in years. ''Life'' Vol 42, No 16, pages 56-58]</ref> In September 1947, ''Acushnet'' fought a fire in Bar Harbor, Maine. On 4 October 1950, the cutter worked with [[USCGC Cowslip (WLB-277)|USCGC ''Cowslip'']] and [[USCGC Snohomish|USCGC ''Snohomish'']] to free MV ''Berwindvale'' which had run aground in the Kennebec River.<ref>{{cite book |last=Scheina |first=Robert |date=1990 |title=U.S. Coast Guard Cutters and Craft 1946-1990 |location=Annapolis |publisher=Naval Institute Press |page=49 |isbn=0-87021-719-4}}</ref>

On 18 February 1952, ''Acushnet'' participated in what is listed as one of the ten most significant Coast Guard rescues. The [[Tanker (ship)|tanker]] {{SS|Fort Mercer}} split in two in a fierce storm off [[Cape Cod]], and ''Acushnet'' took 18 men off the stern of ''Fort Mercer'' in heavy seas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/articles/Pendleton_Mercer_Stancliff.asp|title=The ''Fort Mercer'' and ''Pendleton'' Rescues|publisher=USCG website|access-date=2011-04-16}}</ref>  The ships collided twice and the merchant seamen jumped to the safety of ''Acushnet''{{'}}s fantail.<ref>Tougias, Michael, ''The Coast Guard's Most Daring Sea Rescue''</ref>

In the year 1950, ''Acushnet'' became active in the International Ice Patrol and spent a total of seven patrol months sharing that responsibility with the cutters [[USCGC Androscoggin|''Androscoggin'']] and [[USCGC Evergreen|''Evergreen'']]. ''Acushnet''{{'}}s salvage gear was removed in late 1959 and replaced with search-and-rescue gear. From 1960 to 1968 ''Acushnet'' completed four towing missions for over {{convert|950|mi}}, assisted a vessel that broke in two, escorted four disabled vessels and assisted in two medevacs.

A few of ''Acushnet''{{'}}s more noteworthy cases during that time frame include the following: in 1960, she salvaged the 300-ton [[USCGC General Greene|USCGC ''General Greene'']] which had been driven one hundred yards ashore in high winds. One of her more dramatic cases in Portland included the rescue of the entire crew of ten people from the disabled seagoing dredge ''Cartagena'', which was adrift in {{convert|30|ft|adj=on}} seas and {{convert|75|kn|adj=on}} winds, {{convert|200|nmi}} off of Cape Cod on Christmas Day, 1961. In May 1963, ''Acushnet'' salvaged a crashed Coast Guard helicopter {{convert|600|yd}} off Duxbury Beach, Massachusetts.

The fall of 1967 took ''Acushnet'' south, where the cutter rescued a Cuban refugee from a distressed {{convert|17|ft|adj=on}} pleasure craft {{convert|50|nmi}} south of Key West, Florida.

<gallery>
Image:USCGC Acushnet (WAT-167) underway on 9 September 1947 (CB 072947-5).jpg|USCGC ''Acushnet'' circa the 1950s
Image:USCGC Acushnet (WAT-167) on ice patrol in the North Atlantic, in February 1951.jpg|USCGC ''Acushnet'' while conducting an International Ice Patrol
</gallery>

==Redesignated as an oceanographic ship - 1968 to 1971==
Redesignated an [[oceanographic]] ship, WAGO-167, on July 8, 1968, and assigned to oceanographic, [[meteorological]], and polar operations, she commenced duties as a research support ship. During fiscal year 1970, she underwent conversion during which alterations were made to her hull and scientific equipment, and research and storage spaces were added at a shipyard in [[San Diego, California]].

As part of the National Data Buoy Project of NOAA ''Acushnet'' spent three years attached to the Office of Naval Research and the Scripps Oceanographic Institute in San Diego, California. Her primary mission on eleven extended deployments to June 1971, the cutter aided in positioning buoys. While serving as a WAGO, ''Acushnet'' assisted in one rescue, a medevac in 1970.

==Caribbean service – 1971 to 1990==
In July 1971, ''Acushnet'' transferred to the [[Gulf Coast]]; and, based at [[Gulfport, Mississippi]], she continued her oceanographic work with the [[National Data Buoy Center]], this time aiding the Mississippi Test Facility. On August 24, 1971 ''Acushnet'', affectionately known to the crew as "NOAA's Ark", arrived in Gulfport with 64 crew and a 100-ton buoy that was towed from San Diego as her first new support assignment.

Once established in Gulfport, ''Acushnet'' continued to play a diverse and important role in the search-and-rescue mission. In the fall of 1973 the cutter played a major role in the ''Key Largo'' fire south of New Orleans opposite the town of Phoenix. ''Acushnet'' was again called to respond after a collision on the Mississippi River. ''Acushnet'' and the cutter [[USCGC Dependable|''Dependable'']] were presented the Coast Guard Unit Commendation for extinguishing a fire on the tanker ''Key Trader'' after she collided with another vessel, the Norwegian ore ship ''Baune'', and burst into flames in the river.

Between the years 1975 and 1978, ''Acushnet'' conducted search-and-rescue research of the Gulf of Mexico shelf area, conducted the first marriage on board a Coast Guard vessel since the mid-19th century, and made her first drug seizure of 18 tons of marijuana and 21 smugglers.

In late 1978, the cutter embarked on a patrol to participate in the Global Weather Experiment, 140-nation effort to gather worldwide weather information. In 82 days, ''Acushnet'' covered over {{convert|18,000|mi}} from Peru to New Zealand. For this operation ''Acushnet'' received the Meritorious Unit Commendation. Additionally in 1978, ''Acushnet'' was designated a Medium Endurance Cutter (WMEC 167) and was formally assigned law enforcement and search-and-rescue missions.

In August–September 1979, Mobile, Alabama, was hit by [[Hurricane Frederic]] while ''Acushnet'' was there in drydock, although no damage occurred to the cutter. Her first patrol out of drydock was immediately canceled and ''Acushnet'' was sent to pick up survivors of a collision between an oil tanker and a merchant vessel.

From May 17 to June 6, 1980, ''Acushnet'' participated in the largest immigration crisis in the history of the Coast Guard, the [[Mariel Boat Lift]] from Cuba. The cutter escorted the vessel ''Red Diamond'' with 800 refugees into Key West. In addition, she assisted 35 boats, aided 120 refugees directly, and fueled two 41-foot Coast Guard boats. For her efforts, the cutter received the Humanitarian Service Award. During her time in Gulfport, ''Acushnet'' interdicted nearly 200 Cuban and Haitian refugees, retrieving some of them from shark-infested waters.

Drug interdiction during the rest of the '80s 'proved to be successful. In 1980, ''Acushnet'' seized 52 tons of marijuana. Between September and November of the same year, ''Acushnet'' confiscated marijuana on 7 vessels totaling a seizure of over 76 tons. Between 1987 and 1989 ''Acushnet'' had yet two more seizures of marijuana and hashish oil valued at over 1.5 million: MV ''Blind Melon''<ref>{{cite book |last=Scheina |first=Robert L. |date=1990 |title=U.S. Coast Guard Cutters and Craft: 1946-1990 |location=Annapolis |publisher=Naval Institute Press |page=49 |isbn=0-87021-719-4 |quote=23 Dec 87 seized PC Blind Melon N of Cuba with 18 bales of marijuana on board.}}</ref> and sloop ''Stormy Weather''. {{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}

==West Coast service - 1990 to 1998==
''Acushnet'' moved to Eureka, California in July 1990. During a September patrol, a lookout spotted floating objects in the water. These "objects" were the three crew members of the fishing boat ''Miss Patty'', which had capsized before she could radio for help. During Operation Sandtrap in July 1991, ''Acushnet'' intercepted the sailing vessel ''Malekula'' carrying twelve tons of hashish from Indochina. The cutter pulled 32 bales from the burning and sinking ''Malekula'', despite efforts by smugglers to scuttle the sailboat.

In October 1991, ''Acushnet'' made her first trip to the waters of Alaska. The cutter was diverted for two weeks to coordinate anti-pollution efforts when the 518-foot ''Hyundai No. 12'' ran hard aground near the Shumagin Islands. She also responded to a mayday call made by the fishing vessel ''Tonquin'' in the Gulf of Alaska, rescuing one man out of a five-man crew from stormy and frigid waters during a five-day search. The cutter coordinated a search involving several fishing boats and a tanker in the area. As a result, three additional crew members were rescued.

==Alaska/Bering Sea Patrol service - 1999 to 2011==
As the majority of ''Acushnet''{{'}}s patrols became Alaska Patrols, in 1998 she moved to [[Ketchikan, Alaska]], where she was employed in law enforcement, fisheries, and search and rescue missions in Alaska. This considerably shortened her transit time to the Bering Sea.

On 23 February 2007 ''Acushnet'' was designated as the "oldest commissioned cutter" in the fleet following the decommissioning of [[USCGC Storis|USCGC ''Storis'']]. She carries gold hull numbers to show this distinction, and the formal title of "Queen Of The Fleet". She was scheduled for decommissioning in late 2008. In March 2008 letters to the editor appeared in the ''[[Boston Herald]]'' and ''[[Maine Sunday Telegram]]'' calling for Boston and Portland to consider the ''Acushnet'' as a possible museum ship. The 2008 decommissioning was canceled and ''Acushnet'' continued to conduct patrols in Alaska.

In October 2008, ''Acushnet'' was involved in search and rescue efforts after the cod fishing vessel ''Katmai'' sank in the Aleutians. During the operation, she was featured on the 5th season of the reality TV show ''[[Deadliest Catch]]'', although footage shown was of [[USCGC Alex Haley|USCGC ''Alex Haley'']].

==Decommissioning==

On 11 March 2011, ''Acushnet'' was decommissioned and retired from active duty after more than 67 years of service.<ref name=Juneau>
{{cite news
 |url         = http://juneauempire.com/stories/021610/sta_563672837.shtml
 |title       = Begich questions Coast Guard nominee on cutter retirement
 |publisher   = [[Juneau Empire]]
 |date        = 2010-02-16
 |access-date  = 2011-12-03
 |quote       = U.S. Sen. Mark Begich is pressing the Coast Guard to account for a gap in marine safety that could be created between the decommissioning of the Cutter Acushnet and the arrival of a new "fast response" cutter.
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20151208012517/http://juneauempire.com/stories/021610/sta_563672837.shtml
 |archive-date = 2015-12-08
}}

</ref>
{{USCGC|Smilax|WLIC-315|6}} succeeded ''Acushnet'' as the Coast Guard's oldest commissioned cutter.
The Coast Guard's 2010 budget scheduled ''Acushnet''{{'}}s duties to be taken over by a new [[Fast Response Cutter]] in 2014.<ref>
{{cite news
 |url         = http://www.newsminer.com/view/full_story/6364009/article-Alaska-senator-questions-Coast-Guard-nominee-on-cutter-retirement
 |title       = Alaska senator questions Coast Guard nominee on cutter retirement
 |publisher   = [[Fairbanks Daily News-Miner]]
 |date        = 2010-02-15
 |access-date  = 2011-12-03
 |quote       = The Obama administration's proposed budget for federal fiscal year 2011 would decommission the Ketchikan-based Acushnet in spring 2011. A new fast-response cutter isn't expected in Ketchikan until 2014.
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110924075718/http://newsminer.com/view/full_story/6364009/article-Alaska-senator-questions-Coast-Guard-nominee-on-cutter-retirement
 |archive-date = 2011-09-24
}}
</ref>
The replacement cutter, [[USCGC John F. McCormick|USCGC ''John McCormick'']], arrived in [[Ketchikan]] in 2017.<ref>
{{cite press release
 |url = https://www.dcms.uscg.mil/our-organization/assistant-commandant-for-acquisitions-cg-9/newsroom/frc041317/
 |title = Acquisition Update: Coast Guard Commissions 21st Fast Response Cutter
 |publisher =  Acquisition Directorate (CG-9), United States Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security 
 |date = 2017-04-13
 |access-date = 2023-03-25
 |quote = The Coast Guard commissioned the 21st fast response cutter (FRC), John McCormick, at its Ketchikan, Alaska, homeport April 12.
}}
</ref>

In March 2011 ''Acushnet'' was auctioned as surplus property by the GSA.

In 2022, ''Acushnet'' was acquired by Blue Water Overwatch, LLC, to serve as the flagship of their training program.  ''Acushnet'' is currently undergoing restoration in Anacortes, WA and is scheduled for additional maintenance in drydock in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/groups/516046789696509/about/|title=USCGC Acushnet WMEC 167 (Ret) Flagship of Blue Water Over watch &#124; Facebook|website=www.facebook.com|access-date=28 March 2023}}</ref>

==Awards and honors==
''Acushnet'' has been rewarded for outstanding service on many occasions. Her decorations include:

* [[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)|Presidential Unit Citation]]
* [[Secretary of Transportation Outstanding Unit Award]]
* 2 [[Coast Guard Unit Commendation]]s
* 6 [[Coast Guard Meritorious Unit Commendation]]s
* [[Coast Guard E Ribbon]]
* [[Coast Guard Bicentennial Unit Commendation]]
* [[American Campaign Medal]]
* [[Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal]] with 3 battle stars
* [[World War II Victory Medal]]
* [[Navy Occupation Service Medal]] with "Asia" Clasp
* 4 [[National Defense Service Medal]]s
* [[Global War on Terrorism Service Medal]]
* 2 [[Humanitarian Service Medal]]s
* [[Transportation 9-11 Ribbon]]
* 2 [[Special Operations Service Ribbon]]s

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{navsource|09/37/3709}}
*[http://www.uscg.mil/pacarea/cgcAcushnet/ USCGC Acushnet unit website]
*[http://www.themodelshipwright.com/high-resolution-ship-plans/cargo-ships/u-s-coast-guard-cutter-acushnet The Model Shipwright page with ship's plan drawings]
*[https://picryl.com/search?q=shackle%20ars-9 Photos on picryl]
*{{Cite news |date=April 22, 1957 |title=Icy Menace in the North Atlantic: The International Patrol warms all shipping away from the worst invasion of big bergs in years |magazine=Life |volume=42 |number=16 |pages=56–58 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jUkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55}}
*{{HAER |survey=AK-49 |id=ak0533 |title=USS SHACKLE, ARS 9, Ketchikan, Ketchikan Gateway Borough, AK |photos=33 |dwgs=10 |data=35 |cap=2}}
*[https://www.Acushnetproject.org  Acushnet Project]

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box
 | title  = United States Coast Guard Queen of the Fleet
 | years  = 2007-2011
 | with   =
 | before = [[USCGC Storis (WMEC-38)|USCGC ''Storis'' (WMEC-38)]]
 | after  = [[USCGC Smilax (WLIC-315)|USCGC ''Smilax'' (WLIC-315)]]
}}
{{S-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Acushnet (WMEC-167)}}
[[Category:Ships of the United States Coast Guard]]
[[Category:Historic American Engineering Record in Alaska]]
[[Category:Medium endurance cutters]]
[[Category:Research vessels of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships built in Napa, California]]
[[Category:1943 ships]]