View source for Turin Metro

{{short description|Rapid transit system of Turin, Italy}}
{{Infobox public transit
| box_width        = 
| name             = Turin Metro
| image            = Logo Metropolitane Italia.svg
| imagesize        = 70px
| image2           = MetroTorinoSpezia.JPG
| imagesize2       = 250px
| native_name      = ''Metropolitana di Torino''
| owner            = 
| locale           = [[Turin]], [[Piedmont]], [[Italy]]
| transit_type     = [[Rapid transit]]
| lines            = 1
| stations         = 23<ref name="Line1" />
| ridership        = 155,000<ref name="lastampa">{{cite web|url=http://www.gtt.to.it/cms/notizie-eventi-e-informazioni/2443-2006-2016-10-anni-di-metropolitana-a-torino-3|title=2006 – 2016: 10 anni di metropolitana a Torino|website=Gruppo Torinese Trasporti S.p.A.|date=3 February 2016|access-date=19 August 2019|archive-date=20 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020135849/http://www.gtt.to.it/cms/notizie-eventi-e-informazioni/2443-2006-2016-10-anni-di-metropolitana-a-torino-3|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| annual_ridership = 42.5 million (2018)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://torino.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/03/13/news/due_minuti_e_17_secondi_torna_alla_normalita_la_metropolitana_di_torino-221480759/?refresh_ce|title=Due minuti e 17 secondi, torna alla normalità la metropolitana di Torino|last=Ricca|first=Jacopo|publisher=Repubblica.it|date=13 March 2019|access-date=17 July 2019|language=it}}</ref>
| website          = 
| began_operation  = {{Start date and age|2006|2|4}}
| operator         = [[Gruppo Torinese Trasporti]] (GTT)
| marks            = 
| vehicles         = 58 <small>(2009)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Servizi|url=http://www.comune.torino.it/gtt/gruppo/bil_sost/04_servizi.pdf|publisher=GTT|access-date=25 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812232417/http://www.comune.torino.it/gtt/gruppo/bil_sost/04_servizi.pdf|archive-date=12 August 2011}}</ref>{{efn|Before the extension to Lingotto.}}
| train_length     = {{convert|52|m|abbr=on}}
| headway          = 2 minutes
| system_length    = {{convert|15.1|km|mich|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}<ref name="Line1" />
| track_gauge      = {{convert|1,620|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}
| el               = {{750 V DC|conductor=y}}
| average_speed    = {{convert|33|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}<ref name="Line1" />
| top_speed        = {{convert|80|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}<ref name="Line1" />
| map              = [[Image:Torino - mappa metropolitana.png|250px]]
| map_name         = 
| map_state        = <!-- show or collapsed -->
}}

The '''Turin Metro''' ({{langx|it|Metropolitana di Torino}}) is the modern driverless [[Véhicule Automatique Léger|VAL]] [[rapid transit]] system serving [[Turin]]. It is operated by [[Gruppo Torinese Trasporti]] (GTT), a public company controlled by the municipality of [[Turin]]. The system comprises one {{convert|15.1|km|mich|-1|adj=on}} line with 23 stations connecting Fermi station in [[Collegno]] with Piazza [[Bengasi (Turin Metro)|Bengasi]] in Turin, near the border with the municipality of [[Moncalieri]].<ref name="Line1">{{cite web |url=http://www.comune.torino.it/trasporti/bm~doc/metro-5.pdf |title=La Linea 1 di Metropolitana |publisher=Citta' di Torino |language=it |trans-title=Metro Line 1 |access-date=2014-05-24}}</ref>

== History ==
[[Image:Metro Torino station Fermi.JPG|thumb|left|Station Fermi during the 2006 Winter Olympics.]]
[[File:Metropolitana Torino 02.jpg|thumb|270px|Turin Metro tracks]]
The history of metro in Turin begins in 1930s, when the first project of an underground railway was put forward. However, only a part of the first tunnel was built, and the actual project was put aside. Nowadays, the tunnel is part of an underground parking system.

A new company committed to the development of a metro system in Turin was founded in 1960s. Several projects and feasibility studies were made for a {{convert|7|km|abbr=on}} underground line under the city centre and then for a line connecting [[FIAT]] factories to surrounding neighborhoods, but eventually all the proposals were rejected.

In the mid-1980s, a new proposal for a system of 5 [[fast tram]] lines at-grade was approved. However, only the planned line 3 was built following the original project, while the others eventually were built either as regular tram lines, with no dedicated lane, or as bus lines.

A new project was approved in 1995 for a line running from ''Campo Volo'' on the west border of the city to ''Porta Nuova'', the main railway station in Turin. The project was put in hold due to lack of funds.

The project for the underground line was resumed in April 1999 with a longer route to [[Lingotto (neighbourhood)|Lingott]] based on the [[Véhicule Automatique Léger|VAL system]]. Works on the line began on 19 December 2000, part of the works for the Turin [[2006 Winter Olympics]]. The first section from ''Fermi'' to ''XVIII Dicembre'' was opened on 4 February 2006, while the second section on the south to ''Porta Nuova'' opened on 5 October 2007. ''Porta Susa'' station opened later on 9 September 2011. The last part of the line on the south to ''Lingotto'' was inaugurated on 6 March 2011.<ref name="Nap">{{cite web|url=https://www.ecoditorino.org/metropolitana-torino-nuovi-orari-dal-primo-dicembre-2011.htm|title=Metropolitana Torino fino al Lingotto|publisher=Eco di Torino|access-date=26 February 2011}}</ref>

=== Lingotto – Bengasi southern extension ===
Two additional stations, reaching the Southern boundary of the city, were built between 2012 and 2021. These stations are [[Italia '61 (Turin Metro)|Italia '61]], serving the new [[Piedmont Region Headquarters]], and [[Bengasi (Turin Metro)|Bengasi]], named for the piazza under which it is located. They were opened on 23 April 2021.

=== Timeline ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! Section 
! Date 
! Route 
|-
| 1
| 4 February 2006
| Fermi – XVIII Dicembre
|-
| 2
| 5 October 2007
| XVIII Dicembre – Porta Nuova
|- 
| 3
| 6 March 2011
| Porta Nuova – Lingotto
|-
| 4
| 23 April 2021
| Lingotto – Bengasi
|}

== Network ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! Line 
! Terminals 
! Opened 
! Newest extension 
! Length 
! Stations
|-
| Line 1
| Fermi – Bengasi
| 4 February 2006<ref name="Line1" />
| 23 April 2021<ref name="Line1" />
| {{convert|15.1|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="Line1" />
| 23<ref name="Line1" />
|}

== Service ==
=== Ticketing ===
From May 2018, the single journey ticket costs €1.70 and it includes the urban line and the suburban line for 100 minutes. Moreover, any form of urban transport season ticket is valid also for the metro system.<ref name="tickets">{{cite web|url=http://www.gtt.to.it/cms/en/fares|title=URBAN AND SUBURBAN TRANSPORT FARES|publisher=GTT Torino|access-date=8 December 2017|archive-date=26 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171126191503/http://www.gtt.to.it/cms/en/fares|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Opening hours ===
Turin metro starts operating at 5:30 from Monday to Saturday and at 7:00 on Sundays. It closes at 22:00 on Mondays, at 00:30 from Tuesday to Thursday, at 1:30 on Friday and Saturday and at 1:00 on Sundays.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gli orari|url=http://www.comune.torino.it/gtt/urbana/metropolitana.shtml#orari|publisher=GTT Torino|access-date=16 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420053429/http://www.comune.torino.it/gtt/urbana/metropolitana.shtml#orari|archive-date=20 April 2013}}</ref>

== Plans ==
{{Turin Metro/Line 1}}

=== Line 1 ===
==== Collegno – Cascine Vica westward extension ====
A further Western extension is planned to reach the boundaries of [[Collegno]] and the city of [[Rivoli (Italy)|Rivoli]]. In December 2017, the city approved the first stage of the project, valued at €123.7 million, to construct two already named stations: Certosa, which will interchange with the [[Collegno railway station|central railway station]] of the city of Collegno, and Collegno Centro, serving its central market area. An additional two stations, including one in the Leumann Village neighbourhood and another in the Cascine Vica district of Rivoli, were allocated €148 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Metro dopo metro la linea 1 vedrà il completamento!|url=http://torino.mobilita.org/2017/12/04/metro-dopo-metro-la-linea-1-vedra-il-completamento/|last=Graziano|first=Alessandro|publisher=Mobilita Torino|date=4 December 2017|access-date=6 December 2017|language=it}}</ref> The [[Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (Italy)|Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport]] expects the extension to Cascine Vica to be completed by Summer 2023.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.quotidianovenaria.it/cronaca/collegno-rivoli-metro-ovest-entro-il-2023-il-prolungamento-fino-a-cascine-vica-sara-realta-14427|title=COLLEGNO-RIVOLI – Metro Ovest: Entro il 2023 il prolungamento fino a Cascine Vica sarà realtà|publisher=Quotidiano di Venaria|date=14 May 2019|access-date=17 July 2019|language=it}}</ref>

=== Line 2 ===
On 30 August 2017, a contract to create the preliminary design for a second line was awarded to Systra, a French conglomerate.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nuovo step per la linea 2 della metro di Torino|url=http://www.torinoggi.it/2017/08/30/leggi-notizia/argomenti/attualita-8/articolo/nuovo-step-per-la-linea-2-della-metro-di-torino-a-systra-laggiudicazione-provvisoria.html|publisher=TorinOggi.it|access-date=18 November 2017|date=2017-08-30}}</ref> The line will connect South-Western suburbs of the city ([[Orbassano]] and [[Beinasco]]) with the northern district of ''Barriera di Milano''. The first 26 stations had already been defined, starting from Mirafiori Sud district to Barriera di Milano, crossing the Line 1 at ''Porta Nuova'' station and serving key points as [[Politecnico di Torino]] University and Piazza Castello, one of the major central squares of the city.

Part of the Southern track will be elevated to reduce building costs (starting from Piazza Cattaneo to Cimitero Sud). On Northern side, from Vanchiglia to Rebaudengo, it will follow an old (currently abandoned) railway track, which was used to connect the old and abandoned ''scalo Vanchiglia'' freight terminal to the main [[Turin–Milan railway|Turin railway]].

Preliminary analysis conducted by Systra in the Spring of 2018 resulted in some changes to this original alignment. The following June, public consultations were announced and the new alignment, with the list of 23 planned stations was published on the city's website.<ref>{{cite web|title=M2TO Progetto Premliminare della Linea 2|url=http://www.comune.torino.it/trasporti/bm%7Edoc/180626_ppt_invio.pdf|publisher=Citta di Torino|access-date=16 July 2018|language=it}}</ref> In December 2018, the preliminary project was submitted to the Ministry of Transportation for funding approval, with an objective to start the bidding process by 2021.<ref>{{cite web|title=Linea 2 della Metropolitana, definito il tracciato|url=http://www.torinoclick.it/?p=80599|publisher=Torino Click|access-date=5 August 2019|language=it}}</ref> In 2019, the Italian government committed €828 million in funding for Line 2's total projected €3 billion cost, with construction due to begin in 2021 for a 2028 opening.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.railwaygazette.com/transport-and-mobility-projects/government-announces-torino-metro-line-2-funding/55064.article|title=Government announces Torino metro Line 2 funding|website=Railway Gazette|date=6 November 2019|access-date=7 November 2019}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! List of planned stations of the Turin Metro Line 2 &nbsp;
|-
| 
* Anselmetti
* [[Fiat Mirafiori|Mirafiori]]
* Cattaneo
* Omero
* Pitagora
* Parco Rignon
* Santa Rita
* [[Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino|Stadio Olimpico]] – Piazza d'Armi
* Zappata
* Caboto
* [[Politecnico di Torino|Politecnico]]
* Pastrengo
* [[Porta Nuova (Turin Metro)|Porta Nuova]] – M1
* Carlo Alberto
* [[Mole Antonelliana|Mole]] – Giardini Reali
* Verona
* Novara
* Bologna
* Cimarosa – Tabacchi
* Corelli
* Giovanni Bosco
* Giulio Cesare
* Rebaudengo
|}

In the future, a 4 station extension could cover suburbs of [[Beinasco]] and [[Orbassano]] to reach terminus ''Pasta di Rivalta'' in the city of [[Rivalta di Torino]].

=== Possibility for Line 3 ===
The former mayor of Turin, [[Chiara Appendino]], publicly supported the idea of a third line for the city's Metro system.<ref>{{cite web|title=Elezioni, Appendino vuole tram e bus gratis su alcuni percorsi|url=http://torino.repubblica.it/cronaca/2016/05/22/news/elezioni_appendino_vuole_tram_e_bus_gratis_su_alcuni_percorsi-140362503|publisher=La Repubblica|access-date=8 December 2017|date=2016-05-22}}</ref> Campaign literature, published on the then candidate's website during the [[Turin municipal election, 2016]], show Line 3 using tracks that formally served the [[Ferrovia Torino-Ceres]] railway.<ref>{{cite web|title=Program for Torino 2016 |url=http://www.chiaraappendino.it/programma/|publisher=Chiara Appendino|access-date=8 December 2017}}</ref> Potential stations would serve the community of [[Venaria Reale]], the [[Juventus Stadium]] and [[Turin International Airport]]. Since the election, [[Deputy Mayor]] and Chief of [[Urban Planning]] [[Guido Montanari]] has expressed interest in readapting the Torino-Ceres line to be part of the city's Metro network.<ref>{{cite web|title=Montanari:La linea 2 è soltanto un bluff: meglio ripensarla|url=http://www.lastampa.it/2016/06/23/cronaca/la-linea-del-metr-soltanto-un-bluff-meglio-ripensarla-A0Wad1wpGf3PZXZgLt2MiM/pagina.html|publisher=La Stampa|access-date=8 December 2017|date=2016-06-23}}</ref> After which the city council decided to keep the railway line [[Ferrovia Torino-Ceres|Torino-Ceres]] with a new tunnel and a new station, called Torino Grosseto.

In 2019, the mayor of [[Venaria Reale|Venaria]], together with the first citizens of [[Pianezza]], [[Druento]], [[Cafasse]], [[Alpignano]], [[Fiano, Piedmont|Fiano]] and [[Val della Torre]], presented a new proposal of metro to the mayor of [[Turin]] [[Chiara Appendino]].
The route will include the west part of the city: Torino Dora railway station, [[Allianz Stadium (Turin)|Juventus Stadium]], Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Maria Vittoria Hospital, San Donato district, Campidoglio, Parella, Cenisia, San Paolo, Mirafiori Nord and Caio Maio Square. The metro will would provide for interchange in three stations: [[Rivoli (Turin Metro)|Rivoli]], Pitagora, [[Bengasi (Turin Metro)|Bengasi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mole24.it/2019/05/10/nuova-linea-della-metropolitana-di-torino-fino-a-venaria-via-libera-per-lo-studio-di-fattibilita/|title=Nuova linea della metropolitana di Torino fino a Venaria: via libera per lo studio di fattibilità|language=it|access-date=2019-05-10}}</ref>

== Rolling Stock ==
* 58 [[Siemens Mobility|Siemens]] [[VAL 208]]
<gallery>
File:Metropolitana_Torino_01.jpg|VAL 208 trainset used on the Turin Metro
</gallery>

== Network Map ==
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| system_qid   = Q257431
| frame-lat    = 45.05
| frame-long   = 07.63
| frame-width  = 750
| frame-height = 470
| zoom         = 12
| length       = yes
}}

== See also ==
* [[Trams in Turin]]
* [[Turin metropolitan railway service]]
* [[List of suburban and commuter rail systems]]
* [[Lists of rapid transit systems]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{commons|Turin Metro|Metrotorino}}
* [https://metromapworld.com/turin-metro-map/ Turin Metro Map on Google earth with geolocation]
* {{Official website|http://www.gtt.to.it/|GTT – official website}} {{in lang|it}}
* {{Official website|https://www.deciditorino.it/legislation/processes/9/debate| Line 2 Public Consultations Website}} {{in lang|it}}
* [http://www.infrato.it/en/ Turin Metro Infrastructure]
* [http://www.urbanrail.net/eu/it/tor/torino.htm Metrotorino at ''UrbanRail.Net'']
* [http://www.tramditorino.it/ Site with information and picture of Metrotorino] {{in lang|it}}
* [http://metros.hu/kulfold/torino.html Metrotorino at ''metros.hu''] {{in lang|hu}}
* [http://www.fotogian.com/metro.html Photos]
* [https://www.metrolinemap.com/metro/turin/ Turin Metro Map] {{in lang|en}}

{{Turin Metro navbox}}
{{Urban public transport in Italy}}
{{Underground rapid transit in the European Union}}

[[Category:Turin Metro| ]]
[[Category:Transport in Turin]]
[[Category:2006 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:VAL people movers]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Piedmont]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 2006]]
[[Category:Urban people mover systems]]
[[Category:People mover systems in Italy]]