View source for Transport Canada

{{Short description|Government department}}
{{distinguish|Canadian Transportation Agency}}
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name     = Transport Canada
| type            = Department
| seal            = 
| nativename      = {{lang|fr|Transports Canada}}
| logo            = File:Transport Canada - Transports Canada Logo.svg
| agency_type     = [[Ministry (government department)|Government department]] responsible for Transportation
| jurisdiction    = Canada
| headquarters    = 330 [[Sparks Street]], Ottawa, ON K1A 0N5, Canada
| coordinates     = {{Coord|45|25|9.8|N|75|42|17.84|W|region:CA-ON_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| employees       = 5,066 (4,839 Indeterminate, 89 Term > 3 months, 138 Casual)
| budget          = 
| minister1_name  = [[Chrystia Freeland]]
| minister1_pfo   = [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Canadian Minister of Transport]]
| deputyminister1_name = Arun Thangaraj
| deputyminister1_pfo = [[Deputy minister (Canada)|Deputy minister]]
| deputyminister2_name = Brigitte Diogo
| deputyminister2_pfo = Associate Deputy Minister
| chief1_name     = 
| chief1_position = 
| chief2_name     = 
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| chief3_name     = 
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| chief4_name     = 
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| chief6_name     = 
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| image           = Transport_Canada_HQ_place_de_ville_tower_C.jpg
| image_caption   = Place de Ville Tower "C", the headquarters of Transport Canada
| formed          = 1935 (as Department of Transport)
| dissolved       = 
| chief7_name     = 
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| chief8_name     = 
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| parent_department = 
| website         = {{url|http://www.tc.canada.ca}}
}}

'''Transport Canada''' ({{langx|fr|Transports Canada}}) is the [[Ministry (government department)|department]] within the [[Government of Canada]] responsible for developing [[regulation]]s, [[Policy|policies]] and [[Public services|services]] of road, rail, marine and air [[Transport in Canada|transportation in Canada]]. It is part of the Transportation, Infrastructure and Communities (TIC) portfolio. The current [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]] is [[Chrystia Freeland]]. Transport Canada is headquartered in [[Ottawa]], [[Ontario]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/contact-us.htm|title=Contact Us|access-date=10 August 2015}}</ref>

==History<!-- in need of citation and sources -->==
The '''Department of Transport''' was created in 1935 by the government of [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]] in recognition of the changing transportation environment in Canada at the time. It merged three departments: the former [[Department of Railways and Canals (Canada)|Department of Railways and Canals]], the Department of Marine, and the Civil Aviation Branch of the [[Department of National Defence (Canada)|Department of National Defence]] (c. 1927 when it replaced the [[Air Board (Canada)|Air Board]]) under [[C. D. Howe]], who would use the portfolio to rationalize the governance and provision of all forms of transportation (air, water and land).  He created a [[National Harbours Board]] and [[Trans-Canada Air Lines]].  The Department of Transport Act came into force November 2, 1936.

Prior to a 1994 federal government reorganization, Transport Canada had a wide range of operational responsibilities including the [[Canadian Coast Guard]], the [[Saint Lawrence Seaway]], airports and seaports, as well as [[Via Rail]] and [[Canadian National Railway|CN Rail]]. Significant cuts to Transport Canada at that time resulted in CN Rail being privatized, the coast guard being transferred to [[Fisheries and Oceans Canada|Fisheries and Oceans]], and the seaway and various ports and airports being transferred to local operating authorities. Transport Canada emerged from this process as a department focused on policy and regulation rather than transportation operations.

In 2004, Transport Canada introduced non-passenger screening to enhance both airport and civil aviation security.

==Headquarters==
Transport Canada's headquarters are located in Ottawa at [[Place de Ville]], Tower C. Transport Canada also has regional headquarters in:

* [[Vancouver]] – Government of Canada Building, 820-800 Burrard Street
* [[Edmonton]] – [[Canada Place (Edmonton)|Canada Place]], 9700 Jasper Avenue NW
* [[Winnipeg]] – Macdonald Building, 344 Edmonton Street
* [[Toronto]] – [[Government of Canada Buildings (North York)|Government of Canada Building]], 4900 [[Yonge Street]]
* [[Montreal]] – [[Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport|Pierre Elliott Trudeau Airport]], 700 Place Leigh-Capreol
* [[Moncton]] – Heritage Building, 95 Foundry Street

==Structure==
*[[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]], [[Chrystia Freeland]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/aboutus-department-menu.htm|title=Organizational Chart|publisher=Transport Canada|access-date=1 May 2016}}</ref>
**Deputy Minister, Transport Canada, Arun Thangaraj<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Deputy Minister |url=https://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/our-deputy-minister |access-date=1 May 2016}}</ref>
***Associate Deputy Minister, Brigitte Diogo
**Assistant Deputy Minister, Safety and Security, Lisa Setlawke
***Associate Assistant Deputy Minister, Safety and Security, Nicholas Robinson
**Assistant Deputy Minister, Programs, Stephanie Hébert
**Assistant Deputy Minister, Policy, Serge Bijimine
***Associate Assistant Deputy Minister, Policy, Craig Hutton
**Chief Financial Officer and Assistant Deputy Minister, Finance and Management Services, Jaime Caceres
**Assistant Deputy Minister and Chief Service and Digital Officer, Kristina Casey
**Director General, Communications, Jacqueline Roy
**Chief Audit and Evaluation Executive, Chantal Roy
**Departmental General Counsel, Nathalie Sarault
**Director General & Chief Economist, Cristian Dea
**Regional Director General, Atlantic Region, Daniel Kumpf
**Regional Director General, Quebec Region, Mélanie Morier
**Regional Director General, Ontario Region, Duwayne Williams
**Regional Director General, Prairie and Northern Region, Shari Currie
**Assistant Deputy Minister, Supply Chain Office, Robert Dick
**Assistant Deputy Minister, High Frequency Rail, Vincent Robitaille
**Director General, Human Resources, Vicki Cunliffe

==Enforcement==
[[File:TC Inspector.jpg|thumb|]]
Transport Canada is responsible for enforcing several Canadian legislation, including the ''[[Aeronautics Act]]'', ''[[Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992]]'', ''Motor Vehicle Safety Act'', ''Canada Transportation Act'', ''Railway Safety Act'', ''[[Canada Shipping Act|Canada Shipping Act, 2001]]'', ''Marine Transportation Security Act'' amongst others. Each inspector with delegated power from the Minister of Transport receives official credentials to exercise their power, as shown on the right.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/civilaviation/opssvs/managementservices-referencecentre-documents-reg-reg-009-1024.htm |title=Civil Aviation Directive (CAD) No. REG-009 |publisher=Tc.gc.ca |date=2010-06-28 |access-date=2011-03-24}}</ref> These inspectors are public officers identified within the Criminal Code of Canada.

==Road==
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}
The ''Motor Vehicle Safety Act'' was established in 1971 in order to create safety standards for cars in Canada. The department also acts as the federal government's funding partner with provincial (and territorial) transport ministries on jointly-funded provincial transportation infrastructure projects for new highways.

TC also manage a database of traffic collisions in Canada.<ref name=Statistiques>{{cite web |title=Statistiques sur les collisions de la route au Canada: 2016 |url=https://www.tc.gc.ca/fra/securiteautomobile/statistiques-collisions-laroute-canada-2016.html |website=www.tc.gc.ca |publisher=Transports Canada |date=5 December 2017}}</ref>
{|
|-
!Killed victims per 100 000 people
!colspan="2" | Killed victims per billion travelled km 
|-
| {{Graph:Chart |width=300 |height=100 |xAxisTitle=Province |yAxisTitle=Rate: Killed/people|type=rect |xAxisAngle=-40
|x=Canada, NL, PE, NS, NB, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, BC, YT, NT, NU
|y1=5.2,8.3,7.4,5.1,6.6,4.2,4.0,8.1,10.9,7.1,6.1,10.5,9.0,5.4
|y1Title=Killed per 100 000 people, 2016
|showValues=
}}
| {{Graph:Chart |width=300 |height=100 |xAxisTitle=Province |yAxisTitle=Taux Killed/vkm|type=rect |xAxisAngle=-40
|x=Canada, NL, PE, NS, NB, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, BC, YT, NT
|y1=5.1,8.4,7.3,4.2,5.8,4.6,4.0,7.3,8.7,4.8,7.4,6.0,9.8
|y1Title=Killed victims per billion travelled km, 2016
|showValues=
}}
| {{Graph:Chart |width=50 |height=100 |xAxisTitle=Province |yAxisTitle=Taux Killed/vkm|type=rect |xAxisAngle=-40
|x=Canada, NU
|y1=5.1,51.3
|y1Title=Killed victims per billion travelled km, 2016
|showValues=
}}
|-
|}

==Rail==
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}
Transport Canada's [[Rail transport in Canada|role in railways]] include:

* railway safety
* surface and intermodal security
* strategies for rail travel accessibility
* safety of federally regulated railway bridges
* safety and security of international bridges and tunnels (US/CAN border)
* Inspecting and testing traffic control signals, grade crossing warning systems
* [[Rail regulations in Canada|rail operating rules]]
* regulations, standards and services for safe transport of [[dangerous goods]]
* Canadian Transport Emergency Centre to assist emergency response and handling dangerous goods emergencies

Following allegations by shippers of service level deterioration, on April 7, 2008, the federal government of Canada launched a review of railway freight service within the country. Transport Canada, which is managing the review, plans to investigate the relationships between Canadian shippers and the rail industry, especially with regards to the two largest railroad companies in the country, [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] and Canadian National Railway.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/rbssIndustryMaterialsUtilitiesNews/idUSN0740959520080407| title=Canada to review national railway freight service| author=Dowd, Allan| publisher=Reuters| date=2008-04-07| access-date=2008-04-29}}</ref>
On June 26, 2013, the ''Fair Rail Freight Service Act'' became law which was a response to the Rail Freight Service Review's Final Report.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?mthd=advSrch&crtr.page=10&crtr.dpt1D=6695&nid=753509| title=Harper Government's new legislation in place to strengthen rail freight service| date=2014-03-12| access-date=2014-03-12| archive-date=2014-03-13| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313001617/http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?mthd=advSrch&crtr.page=10&crtr.dpt1D=6695&nid=753509| url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Marine==
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}

[[File:Transport Canada Boat.jpg|thumb|Transport Canada Boat in [[Victoria, British Columbia|Victoria]] harbour]]

Transport Canada is responsible for the [[Canadian Internal Waters|waterways inside]] and surrounding Canada. These responsibilities include:

* responding and investigating marine accidents within Canadian waters
* enforcing marine acts and regulations such as the ''[[Canada Marine Act]]''
* establishing and enforcing marine personnel standards and pilotage
* Marine Safety
* Marine Security
* regulating the operation of marine vessels in Canadian waters

As of 2003 the [[Office of Boating Safety]] and the Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada. As was certain regulatory aspects of Emergency Response (Oil pollution)

Transport Canada Marine Safety (TCMS) is the division under Transport Canada that maintains and enhances marine safety and work to protect life, health, property and the marine environment. This includes providing services that are mandated by acts and regulations such as certification for Canadian seafarers and related professionals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.edumaritime.net/transport-canada|title=Transport Canada Seafarer Certifications - Canadian Merchant Navy|website=www.edumaritime.net}}</ref>

==Aviation==
[[File:Transport Canada - Cessna 550 Citation II C-FJXN.jpg|thumb|A TC Cessna 550 Citation II]]
Transport Canada's role in aviation is the most detailed. Until 1996, Transport Canada was responsible for both regulation of aviation and the operation of air traffic services, as well as the operation of most major airports. On November 1, 1996, these responsibilities were split: Transport Canada remains responsible for regulation (through the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) and Standards<ref>{{cite web |title=Canadian Aviation Regulations (SOR/96-433) |url=https://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/acts-regulations/regulations-sor96-433.htm |website=www.tc.gc.ca |publisher=Transport Canada |date=11 July 2014}}</ref>), and a new regulated non-profit company, [[Nav Canada|NAV CANADA]], took over responsibility for all civilian air traffic services. This change was (and remains) controversial within the private aviation sector because NAV CANADA began charging for services that were previously funded through a specific tax on aviation gasoline.  The specific tax remains but separate charges are levied by NAV CANADA.
In 2005, the United States was discussing a similar delegation of the FAA's air traffic services to an "arm's-length" government corporation.

During the 1990s, Transport Canada also began privatizing the operation of large airports, and divesting itself of small airports altogether (typically handing them over to municipalities). Following the 1994 [[National Airports Policy (Canada)|National Airports Policy]], Transport Canada retains ownership of most airports with 200,000 or more annual passenger movements, as well as the primary airports serving the federal, provincial, and territorial capitals, but leases most of these airports (which make up the [[National Airports System]]) to outside operators; currently, there are 26 airports in the system, of which 22 are operated by 21 Airport Authorities, an example of which is the [[Greater Toronto Airports Authority]].

In 2003, Transport Canada launched its Electronic Collection of Air Transportation Statistics<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/ecats|title=Electronic Collection of Air Transportation Statistics|access-date=10 August 2015}}</ref> program to collect passenger and cargo data in real-time from air carriers flying in Canada. ECATS will expand into the field of [[general aviation]] during 2008.  {{visible anchor|Transport Canada also}} collects data on all accidents and incidents, no matter how minor, using the Civil Aviation Daily Occurrence Reporting System (CADORS).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwwapps.tc.gc.ca/Saf-Sec-Sur/2/cadors-screaq/m.aspx?lang=eng |title=Civil Aviation Daily Occurrence Reporting System |date=24 January 2013 |publisher=Tc.gc.ca}}</ref>

Transport Canada continues to be responsible for licensing pilots and other aviation specialists (such as dispatchers and mechanics) as well as registering and inspecting aircraft. It is also responsible for the safety certification and continuous safety oversight of most forms of commercial operations. These responsibilities are carried out by 6 regions, Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, Prairie & Northern, Pacific and the sixth region based in Ottawa ([[National Capital Region (Canada)|National Capital Region]]) is responsible for air operators operating international flights and certain types of large aeroplanes.  The Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) are also under Transport Canada control.

The [[Canadian Air Transport Security Authority]] is a [[Crown corporations of Canada|Crown corporation]] that reports to [[Canadian parliament|parliament]] through the [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]].<ref name="CATSA">{{cite web|url=http://www.catsa.gc.ca/about-us|title=CATSA About Us |date=27 June 2013 |publisher=catsa.gc.ca}}</ref>  It is responsible for the protection of specific elements of the air transportation system – from passenger and baggage screening to screening airport workers.<ref name="CATSA"/> In spring 2017 CATSA and the [[Canada Border Services Agency]] began their roll-out "as part of a broader effort to modernize and streamline clearance procedures at Canadian airports" of the '''self-service border clearance kiosks''' programme, under which Canadian travellers are subject to [[Facial recognition system|facial recognition technology]] upon re-entry to the country. It was expected that as a cost-cutting measure the programme was to reduce the number of civilian interactions with civil servants.<ref>{{cite news |title=Facial recognition technology is coming to Canadian airports this spring |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/cbsa-canada-airports-facial-recognition-kiosk-biometrics-1.4007344 |publisher=CBC |date=2 Mar 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Bell 407, Transport Canada AN1021863.jpg|alt=Transport Canada Bell 407 Helicopter C-FMOT|thumb|Transport Canada Bell 407 Helicopter C-FMOT]]

===Civil Aviation Authority===

Transport Canada's Civil Aviation (TCCA) Directorate is Canada's [[civil aviation authority]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Civil Aviation |url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/civilaviation/menu.htm |website=www.tc.gc.ca |date=22 June 2010}}</ref> It has existed since 1936, when civil aviation was transferred from the Civil Aviation Branch of the [[Department of National Defence (Canada)|Department of National Defence]].

Based in Ottawa, the Directorate has regional offices across Canada in geographical regions:

* Pacific – British Columbia
* Prairie and Northern – Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Yukon
* Ontario
* Quebec
* Atlantic Region – Nova Scotia, PEI, Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick

===Air accident investigation===
Prior to 1990, Transport Canada was responsible for aircraft incident investigation through:

* Aircraft Accident Investigation Branch (1960–1984)
* Canadian Aviation Safety Board (1984–1990)

After 1990, the role was transferred over to [[Transportation Safety Board of Canada]].

===Aircraft fleet===
{{see also|List of equipment of the Canadian Coast Guard}}

As of February 2025, Transport Canada lists the following aircraft in its database  and operate as [[Airline codes#ICAO airline designator|ICAO airline designator]] TGO, and [[Airline codes#Call signs (flight identification or flight ID)|telephony]] TRANSPORT.<ref name=CanICAOD>{{CanICAOD|Transport Canada|TGO|TRANSPORT|2|24 February 2023}}</ref><ref name="fleet">{{TCregister|GOVERNMENT+OF+CANADA%2c+DEPARTMENT+OF+TRANSPORT|Transport Canada|7 February 2025}}</ref>

* 10 - [[Beechcraft King Air|Beechcraft C90A]]
* &nbsp;1 - [[Bell 206|Bell 206B]] (helicopter)
* &nbsp;3 - [[Bell 407]] (helicopter)
* &nbsp;7 - [[Bell 412|Bell 412EP]] (helicopter)
* 17 - [[Bell 429 GlobalRanger|Bell 429]] (helicopter)
* &nbsp;5 - [[Cessna Citation II|Cessna 550 Citation II]]
* &nbsp;1 -  [[de Havilland Canada Dash 7|de Havilland Canada Dash 7-150IR]] (in 1990  a single aircraft (C-GCFR) replaced two specially modified ice patrol [[Lockheed L-188 Electra]]'s registered as CF-NAY and C-GNDZ (both ex-[[Northwest Orient Airlines]]) that were operated under contract (for Ice Reconnaissance) for the Canadian government by [[Nordair]] in the late 1970s and later by [[Canadian Airlines]]. A second Electra CF-NAZ was written off in 1977 after an accident).<ref>{{cite web |title=Aviation Photo Search |url=http://www.airliners.net/search?registrationActual=C-GNDZ&display=detail |website=Airliners.net}}</ref> and CF-NAX was sold in 1977 by Nordair and now owned by [[Buffalo Airways]] as C-FIJX<ref>{{cite web |title=Registration Details For CF-NAX (Nordair Ltd) L-188 Electra-C - PlaneLogger |url=https://www.planelogger.com/Aircraft/Registration/CF-NAX/781785 |website=www.planelogger.com}}</ref>
* &nbsp;3- [[De Havilland Canada Dash 8|Bombardier Dash 8-100]] - for Fisheries and Oceans Canada and [[Canadian Coast Guard]]

[[File:2736427 transport canada.jpg|alt=De Havilland Canada DHC-8-102 Dash 8|thumb|De Havilland Canada DHC-8-102 Dash 8]]

==Recent controversies==

Transport Canada has been the centre of a number of controversies in recent years. In September 2009, the [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]]'s [[The Fifth Estate (TV)|Fifth Estate]] produced a report "Riding on Risk", which detailed alleged mismanagement and cover-ups in Transport Canada. The story was sparked by a lost [[USB flash drive|memory stick]] which was found by a journalism student. The memory stick contained many documents showing efforts by security inspectors to enforce aviation security regulations, and the perceived failure of management to do so. The CBC report also detailed the alleged reprisals&nbsp;— and fear of reprisals&nbsp;— against whistleblowers and other employees.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/2009-2010/riding_on_risk/ |title=Riding on Risk |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=2009-09-25 |access-date=2011-03-24}}</ref>

Transport Canada's move to [[Safety Management Systems]] (SMS) in its regulation of civil aviation has been criticised. [[Whistleblower]] Hugh Danford, a former inspector at Transport Canada, went on record<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.publicvalues.ca/ViewArticle.cfm?Ref=0086 |title=Former aviation inspector: Transport Canada's "main concern was to get out of enforcement business" |publisher=Publicvalues.ca |access-date=2011-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101225902/http://www.publicvalues.ca/ViewArticle.cfm?Ref=0086 |archive-date=2011-01-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> criticizing this approach, indicating that it would increase risk to the flying public. Critics have warned that introducing SMS to the aviation sector is "a recipe for disaster".<ref>[http://ca.news.yahoo.com/s/capress/090823/utravel/transport_safety_1 New rules for aviation safety a flight plan to disaster, critics warn]{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> However, the aviation accident rate in Canada declined over a number of years to 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/stats/aviation/prelim-2008/index.asp |title=Transportation Safety Board of Canada Aviation Statistics 2008 |publisher=Tsb.gc.ca |date=2009-03-02 |access-date=2011-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302091412/http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/stats/aviation/prelim-2008/index.asp |archive-date=2011-03-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The rail industry in Canada, which has had SMS since 2001 and is also regulated by Transport Canada, had shown a marked increase in accidents under this regulatory scheme to 2006.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/article/202496 |title=Freight train accidents soar |work=Thestar.com |date=2006-03-06 |access-date=2011-03-24 |location=Toronto |first=Kevin |last=McGran |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209204806/http://www.thestar.com/article/202496 |archive-date=2012-02-09 }}</ref>

Several Transport Canada senior executives, including Assistant Deputy Minister, Safety and Security, Marc Grégoire, were sued in 2008 for reprisals against another whistleblower, Ian Bron.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ianbron.com|title=No Content|access-date=10 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801124026/http://ianbron.com/|archive-date=1 August 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> who reported that the Marine Security framework was riddled with gaps.<ref>{{cite news|author=The Canadian Press |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/marine-security-riddled-with-gaps-whistleblower-1.749273 |title=Marine security riddled with gaps: whistleblower |publisher=CBC.ca |date=2008-01-23 |access-date=2011-03-24}}</ref>

On 23 December 2013, it was revealed that a Transport Canada inspector had been dismissed for falsifying departmental reports. The identity of the guilty party was not revealed, because of a concern for his or her privacy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/transport-canada-inspector-faked-safety-reports-1.1605822|title=Transport Canada inspector faked safety reports|work=CTVNews|date=23 December 2013 |access-date=10 August 2015}}</ref>

The [[Canadian Association of Journalists]]<ref>[http://www.eagle.ca/caj/ Canadian Association of Journalists] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080606032412/http://www.eagle.ca/caj/ |date=June 6, 2008 }}</ref> nominated Transport Canada for its Secrecy Award for a second time in 2008, indicating that a [[Bill (proposed law)|bill]] to amend the ''Aeronautics Act'' will cause "a veil of secrecy [to] fall over all information reported by airlines about performance, safety violations, aviation safety problems and their resolution."<ref>{{cite web |author=Canadian Association of Journalists |url=http://micro.newswire.ca/release.cgi?rkey=1605254106&view=42015-0&Start=0 |title=Canadian Association of Journalists press release |publisher=Micro.newswire.ca |access-date=2011-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109144444/http://micro.newswire.ca/release.cgi?rkey=1605254106&view=42015-0&Start=0 |archive-date=2016-01-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In September 2009, Transport Canada was alleged to have fraudulently charged expenses to the non-existent [[Mackenzie Valley Pipeline]] project.<ref>{{cite news|author=Canada |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/transport-canada-fictitiously-expensing-millions/article1286306/ |title=Transport Canada 'fictitiously' expensing millions |publisher=Theglobeandmail.com |date= 2009-09-13|access-date=2011-03-24 |location=Toronto}}</ref> This story came to light after repeated efforts by access to information expert Ken Rubin, and repeated denials by the department that the incriminating documents existed or that any impropriety had occurred.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hilltimes.com/members/login.php?fail=2&destination=/html/index.php?display=story&full_path=2009/september/28/open_government/&c=2 |title=Getting at Ottawa's expenses in Transport Canada |publisher=Hilltimes.com |access-date=2011-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611172023/http://www.hilltimes.com/members/login.php?fail=2&destination=%2Fhtml%2Findex.php%3Fdisplay%3Dstory&full_path=2009%2Fseptember%2F28%2Fopen_government%2F&c=2 |archive-date=2011-06-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Transport Canada was criticized in 2008 for its refusal to approve [[Electric car|electric cars]] manufactured in Canada.<ref>{{cite web |last=Vancouver |first=The |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/archives/story.html?id=3abc4a85-41e9-457c-8e10-77cb381d4059 |title=Vancouver Sun: Transport Canada rules finish off electric car |publisher=Canada.com |date=2008-07-26 |access-date=2011-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091123050647/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/archives/story.html?id=3abc4a85-41e9-457c-8e10-77cb381d4059 |archive-date=2009-11-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2017, Transport Canada proposed regulations for drones that were widely criticized.<ref name="TCDrones">{{cite web|url=https://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/civilaviation/opssvs/flying-drone-safely-legally.html|title=Flying your drone safely and legally |date=16 March 2023 |publisher=tc.gc.ca}}</ref><ref name="mobilesyrup">{{cite web|url=http://mobilesyrup.com/2017/03/25/drone-restrictions-canada-recreational-grounded/|title=Canadian recreational drone users have basically been grounded |date=25 March 2017 |publisher=mobilesyrup.com}}</ref>

As a result of the [[Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302]] crash and the [[Lion Air Flight 610]] crash, which occurred five months prior to the Ethiopian crash, most airlines and countries began [[Boeing 737 MAX groundings|grounding]] the [[Boeing 737 MAX 8]] (and in many cases all MAX variants) due to safety concerns, but Transport Canada declined to temporarily ground Boeing 737 Max 8 operating in Canada.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/12/africa/airlines-suspend-boeing-flights-intl/index.html|title=US and Canada are the only two nations still flying many Boeing 737 Max planes|agency=CNN|date=March 12, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/5046921/boeing-737-max-aircraft-banned-uk/|title=Canada not grounding Boeing 737 MAX planes despite EU airspace ban|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref> However, on 13 March, Transport Canada reversed the decision and grounded all 737 MAX 8 and MAX 9 aircraft.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/garneau-boeing-ethiopia-crash-1.5054234|title=Canada grounds Boeing 737 Max 8 following fatal crash|date=March 13, 2019|work=[[CBC News]]|access-date=March 6, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/5051366/marc-garneau-canada-boeing-max-8-safety/|title=Canada will ground the Boeing 737 MAX 8 after Ethiopian Airlines crash - National {{!}} Globalnews.ca|date=2019-03-13|website=globalnews.ca|access-date=2019-03-16}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[ecoAuto]] – Canadian government incentive program to purchase [[Fuel efficiency|fuel-efficient]] vehicles.
* [[Pleasure Craft Operator Card]] – Mandatory Boater Education in Canada
* [[Sky marshal#Canada|Canadian Air Carrier Protection Program]]
* [[Transportation Safety Board of Canada]]
* [[Canadian Transportation Agency]]
* [[Air Board (Canada)]]

The provinces and territories also have their own transportation departments, namely to deal with roads and vehicle licensing and regulations:

* [[British Columbia Ministry of Transportation]]
*[[Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure (Saskatchewan)]]
* [[Minister of Infrastructure and Transportation (Manitoba)]]
* [[Ministry of Transportation of Ontario]]
* [[Transports Québec]]
* [[Department of Transportation (New Brunswick)]]
* [[Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Infrastructure Renewal]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Government Departments of Canada}}
{{Law enforcement agencies in Canada}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Transport Canada| ]]
[[Category:Federal departments and agencies of Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian transport law]]
[[Category:Civil aviation authorities in North America|Canada]]
[[Category:Investment promotion agencies]]
[[Category:Funding bodies of Canada]]
[[Category:Ministries established in 1935]]
[[Category:1935 establishments in Canada]]