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{{Short description|Large, open-topped hand bag}}
[[File:Totebag.jpg|alt=|thumb|A tote bag]]
[[File:State Street Madison 2021 13.jpg|thumb|upright|A tote bag being carried over the shoulder]]
A '''tote bag''' is a large, typically unfastened bag with parallel handles that emerge from the sides of its pouch. 

Totes are often used as [[reusable shopping bag]]s. The archetypal tote bag is made of sturdy cloth, perhaps with thick leather at its handles or bottom; leather versions often have a pebbled surface. Fabrics include natural [[canvas]] and [[jute]], or [[nylon]] and other easy-care synthetics. These may degrade with prolonged exposure to sunlight. Many low-cost totes are made from recycled matter, from minimally processed natural fibers, or from byproducts of processes that refine organic materials.

Tote bags are open bags (unfastened bags), since they usually have no zipper or other closure mechanism (no fasteners).

==Etymology==
The word ''tote'' is a colloquial term of North American English origin meaning "to carry" or "to transport", generally in relation to a heavy load or burden. It is first recorded in [[Virginia]] in 1677, but its etymology is uncertain.<ref name="oed">{{OED|tote, v. }}</ref><ref name="etonline">{{cite web|url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/tote|title=tote {{!}} Origin and meaning of tote|website=Online Etymology Dictionary|access-date=3 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |first=Albert |last=Matthews |title=Tote |journal=[[Notes and Queries]] |series=10th ser. |volume=2 |issue=35 |year=1904 |pages=161–162 |doi=10.1093/nq/s10-II.35.161 }}</ref> A posited West African origin has been discredited.<ref name="oed"/><ref name="etonline"/>

The term ''tote bag'' is first recorded in 1900.<ref name="etonline"/> 

==Environmental concerns==
Recently, tote bags have been sold as a more eco-friendly replacement for disposable [[plastic bag]]s, given they can be reused multiple times. They have also been given away as promotional items. A study by the UK Environment Agency found that cotton canvas bags have to be reused at least 131 times before they can match the carbon expenditure of a single disposable plastic bag, and up to 327 times if the plastic bags are used as bin liners.<ref>{{cite report|last1=Edwards|first1=Chris|last2=Meyhoff Fry|first2=Jonna|title=Life cycle assessment of supermarket carrier bags: a review of the bags available in 2006|work=UK Environment Agency|date=February 2011|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/291023/scho0711buan-e-e.pdf|isbn=978-1-84911-226-0}}</ref> Another 2018 study by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency found that cotton bags would need to be used 52 times with regard to climate change, and up to 7,100 times considering all environmental indicators.<ref>{{cite report|title=Life Cycle Assessment of grocery carrier bags|date=February 2018|url=https://www2.mst.dk/Udgiv/publications/2018/02/978-87-93614-73-4.pdf}}</ref> Meanwhile, tote bags made from recycled [[polypropylene]] plastic require 11 (up to 26 when considering reuse as bin liners for plastic bags) reuses to match.

A 2014 study of U.S. consumers found that the 28% of respondents who own reusable bags forgot them on approximately 40% of their grocery trips and used the bags only about 15 times each before discarding them. About half of this group typically chose to use plastic bags over reusable ones, despite owning reusable bags and recognizing their benefits.<ref>{{cite web|title=Reusable Bag Study|publisher=Edelman Berland|date=May 2014|url=http://www.slideshare.net/EdelmanBerland/reusable-bag-study-results}}</ref> An increasing number of jurisdictions have mandated the [[phase-out of lightweight plastic bags]] to reduce land and [[ocean pollution]]. In order to provide an incentive for consumers to remember reusable bags more often these laws establish a minimum price for bags at checkout and require either paper, reusable fabric tote bags, or thick reusable plastic bags.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons-inline|Category:Tote bags|Tote Bags}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite magazine |last1=Dillon |first1=Noah |title=Are Tote Bags Really Good for the Environment? |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |date=12 September 2016 |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/09/to-tote-or-note-to-tote/498557/}}

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