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{{Short description|President of Estonia from 2006 to 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Toomas Hendrik Ilves
| image               = Läänemeremaade Nõukogu (LMN) teemaline avalik arutelu 20.jaanuar 2025 - 8 (cropped).jpg
| caption             = Ilves in 2025
| office              = President of Estonia
| order               = 4th
| primeminister       = [[Andrus Ansip]]<br />[[Taavi Rõivas]]
| term_start          = 9 October 2006
| term_end            = 10 October 2016
| predecessor         = [[Arnold Rüütel]]
| successor           = [[Kersti Kaljulaid]]
| office1             = [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Estonia)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
| primeminister1      = [[Mart Laar]]
| term_start1         = 25 March 1999
| term_end1           = 28 January 2002
| predecessor1        = [[Raul Mälk]]
| successor1          = [[Kristiina Ojuland]]
| primeminister2      = [[Tiit Vähi]]<br />[[Mart Siimann]]
| term_start2         = November 1996
| term_end2           = October 1998
| predecessor2        = [[Siim Kallas]]
| successor2          = [[Raul Mälk]]
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1953|12|26|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Stockholm]], Sweden
| party               = [[Social Democratic Party (Estonia)|Social Democratic Party]] {{small|(Before 2006)}}<br />[[Independent politician|Independent]] {{small|(2006–2025)}}<br />[[Volt Europa]] {{small|(2025-present)}}
| spouse              = {{Plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Merry Bullock]]|1981|2004|end=div}}
* {{marriage|[[Evelin Ilves|Evelin Int]]|2004|2015|end=div}}
* {{marriage|[[Ieva Ilves|Ieva Kupče]]|2016|2023|end=div}}}}
| children            = 4
| alma_mater          = {{Plainlist|
* [[Columbia College, Columbia University|Columbia University]]
* [[University of Pennsylvania]]}}
| signature           = Toomas Hendrik Ilves Signature.svg
}}
'''Toomas Hendrik Ilves''' ({{IPA|et|ˈtoːmɑs ˈhendrik ˈilves}}; born 26 December 1953) is an [[Estonians|Estonian]] politician who served as the fourth [[president of Estonia]] from 2006 until 2016.

Ilves worked as a [[diplomat]] and [[journalist]], and he was the leader of the [[Social Democratic Party (Estonia)|Social Democratic Party]] in the 1990s. He served in the government as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1996 to 1998 and again from 1999 to 2002. Later, he was a [[Member of the European Parliament]] from 2004 to 2006. He was elected as President of Estonia by an electoral college on 23 September 2006 and his term as President began on 9 October 2006. He was reelected by Parliament in 2011.

On 1 May 2025, Ilves announced that he had "broken with my promise to avoid all party politics" and joined [[Volt Europa]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Former President of the Republic of Estonia Toomas Hendrik Ilves joins Volt 🇪🇪 💜 |url=https://volteuropa.org/news/former-president-of-the-republic-of-estonia-toomas-hendrik-ilves-joins-volt |access-date=2025-05-01 |website=Volt Europa |language=en}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Ilves was born in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]; his parents Endel Ilves (1923&ndash;1991) and Irene Ilves (''née'' Rebane;<ref>{{cite news |title=Obituary of Irene Ilves |language=en |publisher=Frank Patti|location= Fort Lee, New Jersey, US |date= 5 January 2019|url= https://frankpatti.com/tribute/details/565/Irene-Ilves/obituary.html |access-date=5 November 2019}}</ref> 1925&ndash;2018<ref>{{cite news |title=Eile suri Toomas Hendrik Ilvese ema |language=et |trans-title=Toomas Hendrik Ilves's mother had died yesterday |publisher=Postimees |location=Estonia |date=2018-12-26 |url= https://www.postimees.ee/6485407/eile-suri-toomas-hendrik-ilvese-ema |access-date=2018-12-27}}</ref>) fled Estonia after its occupation by the [[Soviet Union]] during [[World War II]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wtop.com/?nid=383&sid=895006 |title=U.S.-Educated Diplomat Wins in Estonia |agency=Associated Press |date=23 September 2006 |access-date=2006-09-23}}</ref> His maternal grandmother was supposedly a [[Russians|Russian]] from [[Saint Petersburg]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://etc.dal.ca/noj/articles/volume4/1_Interview_Finall.pdf|title=An Interview with Toomas Hendrik Ilves|access-date=24 April 2013|archive-date=6 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110206092114/http://etc.dal.ca/noj/articles/volume4/1_Interview_Finall.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.president.ee/en/media/interviews/3342-interview-to-the-russian-daily-qnezavasimaya-gazetaq|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306120404/http://www.president.ee/en/media/interviews/3342-interview-to-the-russian-daily-qnezavasimaya-gazetaq/|title=Interview to the Russian daily "Nezavasimaya Gazeta"|archive-date=6 March 2014}}</ref> but Ilves denies this, stating that his maternal grandmother was an ethnic [[Crimean Karaites|Karaim]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.delfi.ee/news/paevauudised/eesti/ilvese-vanaema-nimekaim-vene-teenistuses.d?id=13572493 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006084153/http://www.delfi.ee/news/paevauudised/eesti/ilvese-vanaema-nimekaim-vene-teenistuses.d?id=13572493 | archive-date=6 October 2014 | title=Ilvese vanaema nimekaim Vene teenistuses }}</ref>

He grew up in the United States by residing in [[Leonia, New Jersey]], and graduated from [[Leonia High School]] in 1972 as [[valedictorian]].<ref>Jackson, Herb. [http://www.president.ee/en/media/interviews/3304-qfrom-estonia-to-leoniaq-the-record-23-april-2008/index.html "From Estonia to Leonia"] {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110514110653/http://www.president.ee/en/media/interviews/3304-qfrom-estonia-to-leoniaq-the-record-23-april-2008/index.html |date=14 May 2011}}, ''[[The Record (Bergen County)]]'', 23 April 2008. Accessed 30 March 2011. Copy of article at the official website of the [[President of Estonia]]. "Leonia High School helped make the Baltic Sea nation of Estonia one of the most Internet-reliant in the world, Estonian President Toomas Hendrik Ilves says. How? By including Ilves, who grew up in Leonia, in an experimental four-year math program that featured computer programming."</ref> He received a [[bachelor's degree]] in [[psychology]] from [[Columbia College of Columbia University|Columbia University]] in 1976 and a [[master's degree]] in the same subject from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] in 1978.<ref name=worldleaders>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldleaders.columbia.edu/participants/toomas-hendrik-ilves |title=Toomas Hendrik Ilves |publisher=Columbia University |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120123031451/http://www.worldleaders.columbia.edu/participants/toomas-hendrik-ilves |archive-date=23 January 2012 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> He also received an honorary degree from [[St. Olaf College]] in 2014 in recognition of his relationship with the college.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wp.stolaf.edu/news/president-of-estonia-to-receive-honorary-degree-speak-at-commencement|title=President of Estonia speaks at St. Olaf commencement|first=St Olaf|last=College|date=25 May 2014}}</ref> In addition to his native [[Estonian language|Estonian]], Ilves also speaks [[English language|English]], [[German language|German]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]] and [[Latvian language|Latvian]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.robert-schuman.eu/en/eem/0554-toomas-hendrik-ilves-social-democrat-party-sde-was-elected-president-of-the-republic-of-estonia-by-the-electoral-college-in-the-first-round-of-the-election-on-23rd-september|title=Toomas Hendrik Ilves (social democrat party, sde) was elected president of the republic of estonia by the electoral college in the first round of the election on 23rd september|website=www.robert-schuman.eu}}</ref> By Ilves's own admission, he speaks Estonian with a comparatively strong American accent, on account of spending his formative and young adult years in America and [[Germany]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Tom Murphy |url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/es/content/estonias-president-son-of-refugees-delivers-powerf/ |title=Estonia's president, son of refugees, delivers powerful #refugeecrisis speech |language=es |publisher=Globalcitizen.org |date= 12 February 2016|access-date=2022-04-14}}</ref>

==Career==
[[File:Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of Estonia (25502212355).jpg|left|thumb|309x309px|Toomas Hendrik Ilves]]
Ilves worked as a research assistant in Columbia University Department of Psychology from 1973 to 1979.<!--ref name=worldleaders / --> From 1979 to 1981 he served as assistant director and English teacher at the Open Education Center in [[Englewood, New Jersey]].<ref name=worldleaders /> Ilves then moved to [[Vancouver, British Columbia]], Canada; from 1981 to 1983 he was director and administrator of arts at Vancouver Arts Centre{{disputed inline|managed "Literary Storefront", Vancouver BC, early '80s|for=Institution didn't exist then|date=April 2022}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Ilves, Toomas Hendrik |url=https://abcbookworld.com/writer/ilves-toomas-hendrik/ |access-date=5 April 2022 |publisher=[[B.C. BookWorld]] |quote="In his CV," says Mona Fertig, "he says that he was director of the Vancouver Art Center, which didn't exist. The Literary Storefront must have sounded too unofficial for a political candidate."}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Mona |last=Fertig |title=THE LITERARY STOREFRONT: A BRIEF HISTORY |url=http://www.abcbookworld.com/view_essay.php?id=39 |date=2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226174557/http://www.abcbookworld.com/view_essay.php?id=39 |archive-date=26 February 2012 |publisher=[[B.C. BookWorld]] |quote=... I decided it was time for me to leave the Storefront [...] in April 1982 ... it took me many months, of turning everything over to 5 committees and the Board of Directors (Gordon Cornwall, Cathy Ford, Dona Sturmanis, Jennifer Alley, El Jean Wilson, '''Tom Ilves'''). The week I departed (April 13th), Wayne Holder and '''Tom Ilves''', [...] two Americans who had joined The Storefront earlier that year, took over the reins. ... By 1983, the Literary Storefront was in debt, there was a great shortage of volunteers and energy, the doors were shut and the phone disconnected. Wayne and Tom had left the Storefront and a new Board was elected at the AGM.}}</ref> and from 1983 to 1985, he taught Estonian literature and linguistics at [[Simon Fraser University]].<ref name=worldleaders />
[[File:Toomas Hendrik Ilves at 52nd Munich Security Conference.jpg|thumb|250px|Ilves during the [[Munich Security Conference|MSC]] 2016]]
From 1985 to 1993, Ilves worked in [[Munich]], Germany as a journalist for [[Radio Free Europe]], being the head of its Estonian desk since 1988.<ref name=worldleaders /> As Estonia had restored its independence in 1991, Ilves became Ambassador of Estonia to the United States in 1993,<ref>[https://2001-2009.state.gov/s/cpr/93810.htm List of Estonian ambassadors to the United States], U.S. State Department website.</ref> also serving as Ambassador to Canada and Mexico at the same time.

In December 1996, Ilves became [[Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs]], serving until he resigned in September 1998, when he became a member of a small opposition party (Peasants' Party, agrarian-conservative). Ilves was soon elected chairman of the People's Party (reformed Peasants' Party), which formed an electoral cartel with the [[Estonian Social Democratic Party#1989–today|Moderates]], a centrist party. After the [[1999 Estonian parliamentary election|March 1999 parliamentary election]] he became foreign minister again, serving until 2002, when the so-called Triple Alliance collapsed. He supported Estonian membership in the [[European Union]] and succeeded in starting the negotiations which led to Estonia joining the European Union on 1 May 2004. From 2001 to 2002 he was the leader of the People's Party Moderates. He resigned from the position after the party's defeat in the October 2002 municipal elections, in which the party received only 4.4% of the total votes nationwide. In early 2004, the Moderates party renamed itself the [[Estonian Social Democratic Party]].

In 2003, Ilves became an observer member of the [[European Parliament]] and, on 1 May 2004, a full member. In the 2004 elections to the European Parliament, Ilves was elected [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]] in a landslide victory for the Estonian Social Democratic Party. He sat with the [[Party of European Socialists]] group in the Parliament. [[Katrin Saks]] took over his MEP seat when Ilves became President of Estonia in 2006. In 2011, he was re-elected for a second five-year term.<ref>{{cite web |title=Estonian President Ilves re-elected |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/08/29/ap/europe/main20098633.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917175242/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/08/29/ap/europe/main20098633.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 September 2011 |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=29 August 2011}}</ref>

In 2013, it was announced that Ilves had accepted a position on the Council on CyberSecurity's Advisory Board.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.counciloncybersecurity.org/about-us/advisory-board |title=Advisory Board |access-date=23 August 2013 |archive-date=17 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917021956/http://www.counciloncybersecurity.org/about-us/advisory-board |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2015, it was announced that Ilves had agreed to join the group of advisers to the World Bank president [[Jim Yong Kim]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Estonian president to become adviser to World Bank president |url=http://news.err.ee/v/politics/9a01972e-2cb6-45c2-9bd3-44aa42ed26bc/estonian-president-to-become-adviser-to-world-bank-president |publisher=ERR |date=27 January 2015}}</ref>

During his presidency, Ilves has been appointed to serve in several high positions in the field of ICT in the European Union. He served as chairman of the EU Task Force on eHealth from 2011 to 2012 and was chairman of the European Cloud Partnership Steering Board at the invitation of the [[European Commission]] from 2012 to 2014. In 2013 he chaired the High-Level Panel on Global Internet Cooperation and Governance Mechanisms convened by [[ICANN]]. From 2014 to 2015 Ilves was the co-chair of the advisory panel of the [[World Bank]]'s [[World Development Report]] 2016 "Digital Dividends" and was also the chair of [[World Economic Forum]]'s Global Agenda Council on Cyber Security beginning in June 2014.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}}

Beginning in 2016, Ilves has been co-chairing The [[World Economic Forum]] working group ''The Global Futures Council on Blockchain Technology''. In 2017 he joined [[Stanford University]] as a Bernard and Susan Liautaud Visiting Fellow at the [[Center for International Security and Cooperation]] in the [[Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies]]. From July 2017, Ilves has been a Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the [[Hoover Institution]], Stanford University.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hoover.org/profiles/toomas-hendrik-ilves|title=Toomas Hendrik Ilves|website=Hoover Institution}}</ref>

Ilves belongs to the advisory council of the [[Alliance for Securing Democracy]].{{citation needed|date=August 2024}}

On 25 September 2020, Ilves was named as one of the 25 members of the "Real Facebook Oversight Board", an independent monitoring group unaffiliated with, but created in response to, the [[Oversight Board (Facebook)|Oversight Board]], [[Meta Platforms|Facebook Inc]].'s content moderation review board.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/facebook-real-oversight-board-n1240958|title=While Facebook works to create an oversight board, industry experts formed their own|website=NBC News|date=25 September 2020 }}</ref>

In 2024, Ilves was the subject of a documentary, ''Rebel with a Bow Tie'' (Estonian: ''Kikilipsuga Mässaja''), directed by filmmaker [[Jaan Tootsen]], who was formerly Ilves's cultural advisor during his presidency. The film debuted at the 28th [[Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival]] on 15 November 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dmovies.org/2024/11/15/rebel-with-a-bow-tie-kikilipsuga-massaja/|title=Rebel with a Bow Tie (Kikilipsuga Mässaja)|first=Anton|last=Bitel|website=Dirty Movies|date=15 November 2024}}</ref>

After almost 20 years as a non-party politician, Ilves has been a [[Volt Europa]] party member since April 2025. He explains the change by the increasing threat posed by other countries to Europe and the need for pragmatic reforms in the European Parliament.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ERR |date=2025-05-01 |title=Toomas Hendrik Ilves liitus poliitilise liikumisega Volt Europa |url=https://www.err.ee/1609681553/toomas-hendrik-ilves-liitus-poliitilise-liikumisega-volt-europa |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=ERR |language=et}}</ref>

==Presidential elections==
[[File:GW Bush, TH Ilves 2006-2.jpg|thumb|280px|left|President Toomas Hendrik Ilves and President [[George W. Bush]], in Estonia 2006]]
[[File:Dmitry Medvedev in Khanty-Mansiysk 28 June 2008-3.jpg|thumb|Toomas Hendrik Ilves and [[Dmitry Medvedev]] in 2008]] 
[[File:Estpresident 1c300 8732.jpg|thumb|Toomas Hendrik Ilves and [[Fredrik Reinfeldt]] in 2011]]
Ilves was nominated by the [[Estonian Reform Party|Reform Party]], [[Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica]] and his own [[Social Democratic Party (Estonia)|Social Democratic Party]] on 23 March 2006, as a candidate for the [[2006 Estonian presidential election|2006 presidential election]].

On 29 August, Ilves was the only candidate in the second and the third round of the presidential election in [[Riigikogu]], the Parliament of Estonia (he was supported by an electoral coalition consisting of the governing Reform Party plus the Social Democrats and the Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica which form the parliamentary opposition). Ilves gathered 64 votes out of 65 ballots. Therefore, one deputy of the three party alliance supporting Ilves did not vote in favour of his candidacy. A two-thirds majority in the 101-seat Riigikogu was required, so he was not elected in Riigikogu. His candidacy was automatically transferred to the next round in the Electors' Assembly on 23 September.

On 13 September 2006, a broad spectrum of 80 well-known intellectuals published a declaration in support of Ilves' candidacy. Among those who signed were [[Neeme Järvi]], [[Jaan Kross]], [[Arvo Pärt]] and [[Jaan Kaplinski]].<ref>{{cite news | title=80 kultuuritegelast hakkasid Ilvese usaldusmeesteks | publisher=[[Eesti Päevaleht]] | url=http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/354589 | date=13 September 2006 | access-date= 2006-09-23}}</ref>

On 23 September 2006, he received 174 ballots in the first round of the presidential election in the Electors' Assembly, thus having been elected the next president of Estonia. His five-year term started on 9 October 2006.

On 29 August 2011, he was [[2011 Estonian presidential election|reelected]] by the 101-seat legislature to a second five-year term. His opponent was [[Indrek Tarand]]. He received support from 73 members of the legislature, and is the first candidate to be elected in the first round since Estonia regained independence in 1991.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ummelas |first=Ott |title=Estonian Lawmakers Approve Second Term for President Ilves |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-08-29/estonian-lawmakers-approve-second-term-for-president-ilves-1-.html |newspaper=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]] |date=29 August 2011 |access-date=29 August 2011}}</ref>

==Personal life==
[[File:07.20 總統接見來臺出席「『亞太經濟合作』(APEC)企業諮詢委員會(ABAC) 『數位創新論壇』(DIF)」貴賓一行」 (41712125050).jpg|thumb|Ilves meets with [[President of Taiwan]] [[Tsai Ing-wen]] as part of APEC Digital Innovation Forum (2018)]]
Ilves has been married three times. With his first wife, American [[psychologist]] [[Merry Bullock]], he has two children.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.ohtuleht.ee/267678 | title=Merry Bullock: olulisim pärand Toomaselt, peale laste, oli see, et ta tõi mind Eestisse | work=[[Õhtuleht]] | date=21 February 2008 | access-date=2013-05-12 | author=Pauts, Katrin | language=et}}</ref> In 2004, Ilves married his longtime partner [[Evelin Ilves|Evelin Int-Lambot]], with whom he has one daughter.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.ohtuleht.ee/163978 | title=Evelin Int-Lambot ja Toomas Hendrik Ilves abiellusid | work=[[Õhtuleht]] | date=13 October 2004 | access-date=2013-05-12 | author=Pauts, Katrin | language=et}}</ref> They divorced in April 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.delfi.ee/a/71267821|title=EKSPRESSI SUUR LUGU: Presidendipaar lahutab. Mis saab edasi? Kuhu kolib Evelin? Kuidas jagatakse vara?|date=17 April 2015|website=Eesti Ekspress}}</ref> In January 2016 he married [[Ieva Ilves|Ieva Kupče]], the head of the Cybersecurity Division in the Defense Ministry of Latvia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://meduza.io/en/news/2015/12/08/estonian-president-is-engaged-to-latvia-s-top-cybersecurity-official |title=Estonian president is engaged to Latvia's top cybersecurity official — Meduza |publisher=Meduza.io |date= |accessdate=2022-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=President Ilves to wed this week |publisher=ERR|date=28 December 2015 |url= http://news.err.ee/v/politics/society/551b4110-f64d-4fdc-94d2-bf01b159fab6/president-ilves-to-wed-this-week  |access-date= 2016-01-01}}</ref> They have a son. They divorced in December 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.postimees.ee/7923774/toomas-hendrik-ilves-lahutab-abielu|title=Toomas Hendrik Ilves lahutab abielu|publisher=Postimees|date=21 December 2023|language=et|access-date=2024-01-10}}</ref>

He maintains a [[Twitter]] account, personally posting on a regular basis to comment on both current events and his own interests, usually in [[English language|English]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/maxseddon/the-president-of-twitter#2mu980i|agency=BuzzFeed|title=The President Of Twitter|first=Max|last=Seddon|date=23 September 2013|access-date=3 September 2014}}</ref>

Ilves has a brother, [[Andres Ilves]], formerly head of the Persian and Pashto World Service of the BBC. Until the early 2000s, Andres Ilves was head of the Afghanistan bureau of [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] based in [[Prague]], Czech Republic.

He is a member of the [[Estonian Students' Society]].

==Honours==
===National honours===
*{{flag|Estonia}}: Collar of the [[Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana]] (2006)
*{{flag|Estonia}}: Collar of the [[Order of the National Coat of Arms]], also known as the ''Presidential Chain'' (2008)
*{{flag|Estonia}}: Third Class of the [[Order of the National Coat of Arms]] (2004)
[[File:Toomas Hendrik Ilves 2012-05.jpg|thumb|Toomas Hendrik Ilves (2012)]]

===Foreign honours===
[[File:Coat of Arms of Toomas Hendrik Ilves (Order of the Seraphim).svg|thumb|Arms as knight of the [[Royal Order of the Seraphim]]]]
*{{flag|Belgium}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]] (2008)
*{{flag|Finland}}: Grand Cross with Collar of the [[Order of the White Rose of Finland]] (2007)
*{{flag|France}}: Commander of the [[Légion d'Honneur|National Order of Legion of Honour]] (2001)
*{{flag|Greece}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Honour (Greece)|Order of Honour]] (1999)
*{{flag|Georgia}}:
**Recipient of the [[St. George's Order of Victory]] (2010)
**Recipient of the [[Order of the Golden Fleece (Georgia)|Order of the Golden Fleece]] (2007)
*{{flag|Hungary}}: Grand Cross with Chain of the [[Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary]] (2009)
*{{flag|Iceland}}: Grand Cross with Collar of the [[Order of the Falcon]] (2010)
*{{flag|Japan}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum]] (2007)
*{{flag|Kazakhstan}}: First Class of the [[Order of Friendship (Kazakhstan)|Order of Friendship]] (2011)
*{{flag|Latvia}}:
**Commander Grand Cross with Chain of the [[Order of the Three Stars]] (2009)
**Grand Cross of the [[Cross of Recognition]] (2012) 
**Commander of the [[Order of the Three Stars]] (2004)
*{{flag|Lithuania}}: Grand Cross with Golden Chain of the [[Order of Vytautas the Great]] (2008)
*{{flag|Malta}}: Honorary Companion of Honour with Collar of the [[National Order of Merit (Malta)|National Order of Merit]] (2012)
*{{flag|Netherlands}}: Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of the Netherlands Lion]] (2008)
*{{flag|Norway}}:
**Grand Cross of the [[Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav]] (2014)<ref>[http://www.kongehuset.no/tildelinger.html?tid=28028&sek=27995&q=Ilves%2C+Toomas+Hendrik&type=27117&aarstall= "Det Norske Kongehuset"] (Norwegian), List of awarded medals Retrieved 2015-05-20</ref>
**Knight 1st Class of the [[Royal Norwegian Order of Merit]] (1999)
*{{flag|Poland}}: Knight of the [[Order of the White Eagle (Poland)|Order of the White Eagle]] (2014)
*{{flag|Romania}}: Collar of the [[Order of the Star of Romania]] (2011)
*{{flag|Slovakia}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of the White Double Cross]] (2015)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://president.ee/en/president/biography/ |title=Biography on the official web page of the president |access-date=2016-10-14 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509065201/https://president.ee/en/president/biography/ |archive-date=9 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
*{{flag|Spain}}: Collar of the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]] (2007)
*{{flag|Sweden}}: Knight of the [[Order of the Seraphim|Royal Order of the Seraphim]] (2011)
*{{flag|United Kingdom}}: Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of the Bath]] (2006)

== International awards and honorary degrees ==
* 2013 NDI Democracy Award by the [[National Democratic Institute]]
* 2014 Freedom Award by the [[Atlantic Council]]
* 2015 Aspen Prague Award by the [[Aspen Institute]]
* 2016 [[Knight of Freedom Award]] by [[The Casimir Pulaski Foundation]] 
* 2016 [[John Jay Award]] by [[Columbia College (New York)|Columbia College]], [[Columbia University]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-05 |title=John Jay Awards Dinner Honors Alumni, Supports Exceptional Students |url=https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct/issue/winter16/article/john-jay-awards-dinner-honors-alumni-supports-exceptional-students |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=Columbia College Today |language=en}}</ref> 
* 2017 Reinhard Mohn Prize by the [[Bertelsmann Stiftung]]
* 2017 World Leader in Cybersecurity Award by the Boston Global Forum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bostonglobalforum.org/global-cybersecurity/initiatives/global-cybersecurity-day-program-honors-estonia-past-president-toomas-ilves-at-harvard-talks/|title=Global Cybersecurity Day Program Honors Estonia Past President Toomas Ilves at Harvard Talks. – Boston Global Forum}}</ref>
* 2007 Honorary Doctorate of the [[Tbilisi State University]], Georgia
* 2010 Honorary Doctorate of the [[John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin]], Poland<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kul.pl/honorary-doctorates,art_158.html|title=Honorary Doctorates|website=www.kul.pl}}</ref>
* 2014 Doctor of Letters ''honoris causa'' of the [[St. Olaf College]], United States of America<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wp.stolaf.edu/faculty-life-committee/honorary-degrees-awarded-in-the-2010s/|title=Honorary Degrees Awarded in the 2010s – Faculty Life Committee|first=Faculty Life|last=Committee}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.presidentilves.ee/|title=Official website of the Former Estonian President Toomas Hendrik Ilves}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.president.ee/en/|title=Official website of the President of the Republic of Estonia}}
* {{cite web|url=http://rawstory.com/news/2006/1ST_LEAD_Estonians_elect_former_exi_09232006.html|title=Estonians elect former exile as new president|date=2006-09-23|publisher=[[Deutsche Presse-Agentur|DPA]]}}
* {{cite news|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2006/09/23/europe/EU_POL_Estonia_Presidential_Election.php|title=Ilves wins Estonia's presidential election|date=2006-09-23|agency=Associated Press}}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.president.ee/en/republic-of-estonia/heads-of-state/5101-toomas-hendrik-ilves/layout-headofstate.html|title=Biography of Toomas Hendrik Ilves|publisher=Office of the President of the Republic of Estonia|access-date=2011-10-20}}
* {{C-SPAN}}
* {{Charlie Rose guest|12460}}
* {{Twitter|IlvesToomas}}

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{{s-ttl|title=[[President of Estonia]]|years=2006–2016}}
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{{Estonia Presidents}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ilves, Toomas Hendrik}}
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