View source for Timothy Manning

{{Short description|Irish American prelate}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Cardinal
| honorific-prefix = [[His Eminence]]
| name             = Timothy Manning
| honorific-suffix = 
| title            = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]], [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Archbishop emeritus of Los Angeles]]
| image            = Timothy Manning 1973.jpg
| caption          = Manning in 1973
| province         = 
| diocese          = 
| see              = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Los Angeles]] 
| appointed        = May 26, 1969 (Coadjutor)
| enthroned        = January 21, 1970
| ended            = June 4, 1985
| predecessor      = [[James Francis McIntyre]]
| successor        = [[Roger Mahony]]
| ordination       = June 16, 1934
| consecration     = October 15, 1946
| consecrated_by = [[Joseph Thomas McGucken]]
| cardinal         = March 5, 1973
| created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Paul VI|Paul VI]]
| rank             = 
| other_post       = [[List of titular churches in Rome|Cardinal Priest of S. Lucia a Piazza d'Armi]]
| previous_post ={{unbulleted list|[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Coadjutor Archbishop of Los Angeles]] (1969–1970)<br/>[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Fresno|Bishop of Fresno]] (1967–1969)<br/>[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Auxiliary Bishop of Los Angeles]] (1946–1967)}}
| birth_name       = 
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1909|11|15|mf=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Ballingeary]], [[Ireland]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1989|6|23|1909|11|15|mf=y}}
| death_place      = [[Los Angeles]], [[California]]
| buried           = [[Calvary Cemetery, East Los Angeles|Calvary Cemetery]], Los Angeles, California
| nationality      = 
| religion         = 
| residence        = 
| parents          = 
| spouse           = 
| children         = 
| occupation       = 
| profession       = 
| alma_mater       = 
| signature        = 
| motto            = MAGNIFICAT
| coat_of_arms     = Coat of arms of Timothy Manning.svg
}}
{{Ordination
| date of consecration = October 15, 1946
| consecrated by       = [[Joseph Thomas McGucken]]
| bishop 1             = [[Juan Alfredo Arzube]]
| consecration date 1  = May 25, 1971
| bishop 2             = [[William Robert Johnson]]
| consecration date 2  = May 25, 1971
| bishop 3             = [[Manuel Duran Moreno]]
| consecration date 3  = February 19, 1977
| bishop 4             = [[Thaddeus Anthony Shubsda]]
| consecration date 4  = February 19, 1977
| bishop 5             = [[Phillip Francis Straling]]
| consecration date 5  = November 6, 1978
| bishop 6             = [[Donald William Montrose]]
| consecration date 6  = May 12, 1983
| bishop 7             = [[William Levada]]
| consecration date 7  = May 12, 1983
| bishop 8             = [[John Thomas Steinbock]]
| consecration date 8  = July 14, 1984
}}
{{Infobox cardinal styles
| cardinal name = Timothy Manning
| dipstyle      = [[His Eminence]]
| offstyle      = Your Eminence
| relstyle      = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]]
| See           = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Los Angeles]]
| image         = Coat of arms of Timothy Manning.svg
| image_size    = 200px
}}
'''Timothy Manning''' (Irish: ''Tadhg Ó Mongáin'') (November 15, 1909 – June 23, 1989) was an [[Irish Catholics|Irish Catholic]] prelate who served as [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Archbishop of Los Angeles]] from 1970 to 1985. He was elevated to the [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinalate]] in 1973.

==Early life and ministry==
Timothy Manning was born in [[Ballingeary]], [[Ireland]], to Cornelius and Margaret (née Cronin) Manning.<ref name=cardinals>{{cite news|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|title=MANNING, Timothy|url=http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios-m.htm#Manning|last=Miranda|first=Salvador}}</ref> Originally attending [[Mungret College]] in [[Limerick]], he followed a call for [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priests]] in the [[United States]] and entered [[Saint Patrick Seminary, Menlo Park|St. Patrick Seminary]] in [[Menlo Park, California|Menlo Park]], [[California]], in 1928.<ref name=obituary>{{cite news|date=1989-06-24|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=Timothy Cardinal Manning, 79; Guided Los Angeles Archdiocese|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE2D9103FF937A15755C0A96F948260}}</ref> Manning was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] on June 16, 1934,<ref name=hierarchy/> and then furthered his studies at the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]] in [[Rome]], obtaining his [[Doctor of Canon Law|doctorate in canon law]] in 1938.<ref name=obituary/>

Upon his return to the States, he did [[Parish (Catholic Church)|pastoral]] work in the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Archdiocese of Los Angeles]], also serving as [[Personal assistant|secretary]] to Archbishop [[John Joseph Cantwell]] from 1938 to 1946. Manning was raised to the rank of [[Monsignor|Privy Chamberlain of His Holiness]] on April 15, 1943, and later [[Monsignor|Domestic Prelate of His Holiness]] on November 17, 1945.<ref name=cardinals/> He became [[Chancellor (ecclesiastical)|chancellor]] for the Archdiocese on March 19, 1946.<ref name=cardinals/>

==Episcopal career==
On August 3, 1946, Manning was appointed [[Auxiliary bishop|Auxiliary Bishop]] of Los Angeles and [[Titular bishop|Titular Bishop]] of [[Lesbi|Lesvi]] by [[Pope Pius XII]]. He received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal consecration]] on the following October 15 from Bishop [[Joseph Thomas McGucken]], with Bishops [[James Edward Walsh]], [[Maryknoll|MM]], and [[Thomas Arthur Connolly]] serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]].<ref name=hierarchy>{{cite news|work=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|title=Timothy Cardinal Manning|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bmanning.html}}{{Self-published source|date=May 2016}}</ref>

He became [[vicar general]] of the Archdiocese on November 29, 1955, and attended the [[Second Vatican Council]] from 1962 to 1965.

===Bishop of Fresno===
Manning was named the first [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Fresno|Bishop of Fresno]] on October 16, 1967. During his tenure, he supported the organization of a [[Trade union|labor union]] for [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]] [[Farmworker|farm workers]], and sought to help wine producers and [[Harvest (wine)|grape pickers]] reconcile their differences.<ref name=obituary/>

===Archbishop of Los Angeles===
After less than two years in Fresno, Manning was named [[Coadjutor bishop|Coadjutor Archbishop]] of Los Angeles and Titular Archbishop of [[Capri|Capreae]] on May 26, 1969. He succeeded [[James Francis McIntyre]] as the third [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Archbishop of Los Angeles]] on January 21, 1970. While a strong proponent of ecclesiastical authority, Manning took a more gentle style than his predecessor.<ref name=time>{{cite news|date=1973-02-12|work=[[TIME Magazine]]|title=New Red Hats|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,903838,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081214083926/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,903838,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 14, 2008}}</ref> The end of McIntyre's tenure saw tensions with the clergy and minorities<ref name=obituary/> and, following Manning's ascension, the new archbishop stated, "My first reaction was to make it known that I was here to listen."<ref name=obituary/> He instituted ministries for [[African American|blacks]] and [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics]], a [[Presbyterium|presbyterial council]] to grant the clergy greater participation in the governance of the Archdiocese, and an Inter-[[Parish (Catholic Church)|Parochial]] Council to extend the same participation to the [[laity]].<ref name=obituary/> Shortly after becoming Archbishop, a majority of the [[Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary]], who had feuded with McIntyre, left the [[Consecrated life (Catholic Church)|religious life]] and founded a lay community.<ref name=nuns>{{cite news|date=1970-02-16|work=[[TIME Magazine]]|title=The Immaculate Heart Rebels|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904171,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001001430/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904171,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 1, 2007}}</ref>  He also supported the 1973 merger of the all-male Loyola University and all-female Marymount College into [[Loyola Marymount University]] in 1973; McIntyre had resisted attempts to allow co-education in the Archdiocese's Catholic university and colleges.

[[Pope Paul VI]] created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal-Priest]] of [[List of titular churches in Rome|S. Lucia a Piazza d'Armi]] in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of March 5, 1973. During the [[Vietnam War]], Manning counseled young men on their right to become [[conscientious objector]]s.<ref name=obituary/> Staunchly [[anti-abortion]], the Archbishop declared that any Catholic who cooperated in an [[abortion]] would suffer [[excommunication]] from the Church, including the mother herself.<ref name=obituary/> In 1974, in response to the [[United States Supreme Court|Supreme Court's]] ruling on ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'', he testified before the [[United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights and Property Rights|Subcommittee on Constitutional Amendments]] of the [[United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|Senate Judiciary Committee]], saying, "An amendment is necessary first of all to protect the lives of the unborn children who can be killed—indeed, are being killed at this very moment—in the wake of the Supreme Court's decisions. But it is also needed to restore integrity to the law itself, to make the American legal system once more the guarantor and protector of all human rights and the human rights of all."<ref name=roe>{{cite news|date=1974-03-07|work=[[Priests for Life]]|title=1974 Testimony of Timothy Cardinal Manning to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary|url=https://www.priestsforlife.org/magisterium/bishops/cardinalmanningtestimony.htm}}</ref>

Manning was one of the [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclaves, August and October 1978|cardinal electors]] who participated in the [[Papal conclave|conclaves]] of [[Papal conclave, August 1978|August]] and [[Papal conclave, October 1978|October 1978]], which selected [[Pope John Paul I|Popes John Paul I]] and [[Pope John Paul II|John Paul II]] respectively. Before entering the August conclave, he noted that the Church "has no political support in many places" and called for a [[pope]] who could "change people through warmth."<ref name=conclave>{{cite news|date=1978-08-28|work=[[TIME Magazine]]|title=In Rome, a Week off Suspense|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,916332-4,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102201103/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,916332-4,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 2, 2012}}</ref> In 1981, John Paul II sent him as a special papal envoy to the celebration in [[Drogheda]], Ireland of the third centennial of Saint [[Oliver Plunkett]]'s [[martyr]]dom.<ref name=cardinals/> He called for a halt to the [[deportation]] of [[El Salvador|Salvadoran]] [[Salvadoran Civil War|civil war]] [[refugee]]s in 1983.<ref name=obituary/>

==Later life and death==
After fifteen years in Los Angeles, Manning retired as archbishop on June 4, 1985. He took up residence at [https://www.holyfamily.org/ Holy Family Parish] in [[South Pasadena, California|South Pasadena]].<ref name=obituary/>

Manning died on June 23, 1989, at the [[USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center|Norris Cancer Hospital]] of the [[University of Southern California]], aged 79.<ref name=obituary/> He is buried at [[Calvary Cemetery, East Los Angeles|Calvary Cemetery]] in [[East Los Angeles, California|East Los Angeles]].<ref name=cardinals/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*[http://www.la-archdiocese.org/ Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles]

{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{succession box
| title  = [[Diocese of Fresno|Bishop of Fresno]]
| before = erected
| after  = [[Hugh Aloysius Donohoe]]
| years  = 1967–1970}}
{{succession box
| title  = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles|Archbishop of Los Angeles]]
| before = [[James Francis McIntyre]]
| after  = [[Roger Mahony]]
| years  = 1970–1985}}
{{s-end}}

{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles}}
{{Roman Catholic Diocese of Fresno}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Manning, Timothy}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:1989 deaths]]
[[Category:Christian clergy from County Cork]]
[[Category:20th-century American cardinals]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI]]
[[Category:American Roman Catholic clergy of Irish descent]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Pius XII]]
[[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Paul VI]]
[[Category:Participants in the Second Vatican Council]]
[[Category:American anti-abortion activists]]
[[Category:Irish emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Saint Patrick's Seminary and University alumni]]
[[Category:Pontifical Gregorian University alumni]]
[[Category:Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)]]
[[Category:People educated at Mungret College]]