View source for Tim Wu

{{Short description|American legal scholar (born 1972)}}
{{For|the musician|Elephante}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Tim Wu
| image              = Tim Wu 2014.jpg
| caption            = Wu in 2014
| native_name        = 吳修銘
| alt                = 2014 at Wikipedia Day in [[New York City]]
| birth_name         = Timothy Shiou-Ming Wu
| birth_date         = {{birth based on age as of date|42|2014|July|27}}<ref name=wsj>{{cite news |author=Vilensky, Mike |date=July 27, 2014 |title=Ivy League Power Propels Columbia's Tim Wu in Bid to be New York's Lieutenant Governor |work=[[Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ivy-league-power-propels-columbias-tim-wu-in-bid-to-be-new-yorks-lieutenant-governor-1406513014 |access-date=July 27, 2016 |archive-date=November 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105230747/https://www.wsj.com/articles/ivy-league-power-propels-columbias-tim-wu-in-bid-to-be-new-yorks-lieutenant-governor-1406513014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| birth_place        = [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
| death_date         = 
| death_place        = 
| party              = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| education          = [[McGill University]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BSc]])<br />[[Harvard University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| spouse             = [[Kathryn Judge|Kate Judge]]
| children           = 2
| relatives          = [[Alan Ming-ta Wu]] (father)<br>[[Gillian Wu|Gillian Edwards]] (mother)
| known_for          = coining "[[net neutrality]]"; late 2010s revival of [[antitrust]]
| website            = {{official URL}}
| module             = {{Chinese
|child=yes
|t=吳修銘
|s=吴修铭
|p=Wú Xiūmíng
|w=Wu<sup>2</sup> Hsiu<sup>1</sup>-ming<sup>2</sup>
|mi={{IPAc-cmn|wu|2|-|x|iu|1|m|ing|2}}
}}
}}

'''Timothy''' '''Shiou-Ming Wu''' (born 1971 or 1972) is a [[Taiwanese-American]] legal scholar who served as Special Assistant to the President for Technology and Competition Policy at the United States from 2021 to 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tracy|first=Ryan|date=2021-07-09|title=Meet Tim Wu, the Man Behind Biden's Push to Promote Business Competition|language=en-US|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-man-behind-bidens-push-to-promote-business-competition-11625851555|access-date=2021-07-13|issn=0099-9660}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Net neutrality advocate Tim Wu joins White House|url=https://www.politico.com/tipsheets/morning-tech/2016/08/net-neutrality-advocate-tim-wu-joins-white-house-215945|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627091133/https://www.politico.com/tipsheets/morning-tech/2016/08/net-neutrality-advocate-tim-wu-joins-white-house-215945|archive-date=27 June 2018|access-date=27 December 2018|website=POLITICO|date=18 August 2016 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Kang|first=Cecilia|date=March 5, 2021|title=A Leading Critic of Big Tech Will Join the White House|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/05/technology/tim-wu-white-house.html|access-date=March 5, 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> He is also a professor of law at [[Columbia University]] and a contributing opinion writer for ''[[The New York Times]]''. He is known legally and academically for significant contributions to [[Antitrust law|antitrust]] and communications policy,<ref name=Wu2007>{{cite journal|last=Wu|first=Tim|year=2007|title=Wireless Carterfone|journal=International Journal of Communication|pages=389–426|url=http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/152/96|access-date=September 11, 2007|archive-date=November 26, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071126001825/http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/152/96|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Ante">{{cite journal| author = Ante, Spencer E.| date = November 8, 2008| title = Tim Wu, Freedom Fighter| journal = Bloomberg BusinessWeek| url = https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-11-08/tim-wu-freedom-fighterbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice| access-date = September 24, 2019| archive-date = September 24, 2019| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190924223932/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-11-08/tim-wu-freedom-fighterbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice| url-status = live}}</ref> coining the phrase "[[network neutrality]]" in his 2003 law journal article, ''Network Neutrality, Broadband Discrimination''.<ref name=Wu2003>{{Cite journal | author = Wu, T. | title = Network Neutrality, Broadband Discrimination | journal =Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law | year = 2003 |volume=2 |pages=141–179 | ssrn=388863}}</ref><ref name="Columbia Law School">{{cite web|url=https://www.law.columbia.edu/media_inquiries/news_events/2008/april2008/Wu_FreePress|title=Tim Wu Elected Board Chair At Free Press|website=Columbia Law School|access-date=2019-09-24|archive-date=2016-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510220430/http://www.law.columbia.edu/media_inquiries/news_events/2008/april2008/Wu_FreePress|url-status=live}}</ref> In the late 2010s, Wu was a leading advocate for an antitrust lawsuit directed at the breakup of [[Facebook]].<ref name="Wu2019">{{cite news|last=Lohr|first=Steve|date=July 25, 2019|title=Chris Hughes Worked to Create Facebook. Now, He Is Working to Break It Up.|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/25/technology/chris-hughes-facebook-breakup.html/|access-date=December 9, 2020}}</ref>

Wu is a scholar of the media and technology industries, and his academic specialties include antitrust, [[copyright]], and telecommunications law. He was named to ''[[The National Law Journal]]''{{'}}s "America's 100 Most Influential Lawyers" in 2013, as well as to the "[[Politico]] 50" in 2014 and 2015. Additionally, Wu was named one of ''[[Scientific American]]''<nowiki/>'s 50 people of the year in 2006, and one of [[Harvard University]]'s 100 most influential graduates by ''[[02138]]'' magazine in 2007.<ref name="Tim Wu">{{cite web|url=http://www.oecdministerialseoul2008.org/en/programmee/speaker_view.html?id=16 |title=Tim Wu |access-date=10 December 2008 |publisher=[[OECD]] Ministerial Meeting on the Future of the Internet Economy, June 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090118043729/http://www.oecdministerialseoul2008.org/en/programmee/speaker_view.html?id=16 |archive-date=January 18, 2009 }}</ref> His book ''The Master Switch'' was named among the best books of 2010 by ''[[The New Yorker]]'',<ref name=NYer>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/12/13/a-years-reading-2|title=A Year's Reading|magazine=The New Yorker |date=December 6, 2010|via=www.newyorker.com|access-date=September 24, 2019|archive-date=July 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713235008/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/12/13/a-years-reading-2|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'',<ref name=Fortune>{{cite journal | author = Wu, T. | date = December 22, 2010 | title = America's Original Startup: The Phone Company | journal = [[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] | url = https://money.cnn.com/2010/12/22/technology/bell_systems_master_switch.fortune/index.htm | archive-date = September 24, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190924223930/https://archive.fortune.com/2010/12/22/technology/bell_systems_master_switch.fortune/index.htm | url-status = live }}</ref> and ''[[Publishers Weekly]].''<ref name=PW>{{cite web |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/book-news/awards-and-prizes/article/45070-best-books-of-2010.html?page=5 |title=Best Books of 2010 |website=www.publishersweekly.com |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101111233438/http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/book-news/awards-and-prizes/article/45070-best-books-of-2010.html?page=5 |archive-date=11 November 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

From 2011 to 2012, Wu served as a senior advisor to the [[Federal Trade Commission]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Professor Tim Wu Named Advisor to Federal Trade Commission on Consumer Protection, Competition|url=https://www.law.columbia.edu/news/archive/professor-tim-wu-named-advisor-federal-trade-commission-consumer-protection-competition|access-date=2020-11-27|website=[[Columbia Law School]]}}</ref> and from 2015 to 2016 he was senior enforcement counsel at the [[New York Attorney General|New York Office of the Attorney General]], where he launched a successful lawsuit against [[Time Warner Cable]] for falsely advertising their broadband speeds.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-charter-spectrum-underwood-settlement-20181217-story.html|title=EXCLUSIVE: Charter/Spectrum Cable agrees to record $174M settlement for misleading customers on internet speed: AG's office - NY Daily News|first=Kenneth|last=Lovett|website=nydailynews.com|date=18 December 2018 |access-date=27 December 2018|archive-date=27 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227230413/https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-charter-spectrum-underwood-settlement-20181217-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Wu also served on the [[National Economic Council (United States)|National Economic Council]] in the [[Presidency of Barack Obama|Obama administration]] under [[Jeffrey Zients]], and served under Director [[Brian Deese]] during the [[Presidency of Joe Biden|Biden administration]].<ref name=":0" /> In the Biden administration, Wu notably helped author the 2021 [[Executive Order 14036|Executive Order on Competition]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite magazine |last=Cassidy |first=John |date=2021-07-12 |title=The Biden Antitrust Revolution |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-biden-antitrust-revolution |access-date=2022-11-14 |magazine=The New Yorker |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Wu was born in [[Washington, D.C.]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://generalassemb.ly/instructors/tim-wu/2938 |title=TIM WU |publisher=General Assembly |access-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910200217/https://generalassemb.ly/instructors/tim-wu/2938 |url-status=live }}</ref> and grew up in [[Basel]] and [[Toronto]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/11/business/defending-the-open-internet.html?_r=0 |title=Defending the Open Internet |newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 10, 2014 |first=Jeff |last=Sommer |access-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-date=September 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911141041/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/11/business/defending-the-open-internet.html?_r=0 |url-status=live }}</ref> His father, [[Alan Ming-ta Wu]], was from [[Taiwan]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chen |first1=David W. |title=Inspired by His Father's Activism, Tim Wu Is Running for Lieutenant Governor as an Outsider |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/01/nyregion/inspired-by-his-fathers-activism-an-outsider-seeks-statewide-office.html |access-date=6 March 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=31 August 2014}}</ref> and his mother, [[Gillian Wu]] (née Edwards),<ref name="nationalpost">{{cite news |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/09/06/toronto-superstar-academic-who-coined-net-neutrality-could-be-nominee-for-n-y-lieutenant-governor/ |title=Toronto superstar academic who coined 'net-neutrality' could be nominee for N.Y. lieutenant-governor |newspaper=National Post |date=September 6, 2014 |first=Richard |last=Warnica |access-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140910121441/http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/09/06/toronto-superstar-academic-who-coined-net-neutrality-could-be-nominee-for-n-y-lieutenant-governor/ |url-status=live }}</ref> is a British-Canadian immunologist.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/01/nyregion/inspired-by-his-fathers-activism-an-outsider-seeks-statewide-office.html |title=Inspired by His Father's Activism, Tim Wu Is Running for Lieutenant Governor as an Outsider |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 31, 2014 |first=David W. |last=Chen |access-date=September 10, 2014 |archive-date=September 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904015342/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/01/nyregion/inspired-by-his-fathers-activism-an-outsider-seeks-statewide-office.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Wu and his younger brother were sent to alternative schools that emphasized creativity, and he became friends with [[Cory Doctorow]].<ref name="nationalpost"/>

Wu attended [[McGill University]], where he initially studied [[biochemistry]] before switching his major to [[biophysics]], graduating with a [[Bachelor of Science|B.Sc.]] in 1995.<ref name="Ante"/><ref name="nationalpost"/> He then attended [[Harvard Law School]], graduating with [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]], ''[[Latin honors#United States|magna cum laude]],'' in 1998. At Harvard, he studied under copyright scholar [[Lawrence Lessig]].<ref name="Ante"/>

==Career==
After law school, Wu first spent a year at the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]'s [[Office of Legal Counsel]]. He then spent two years as a [[law clerk]], first for Judge [[Richard Posner]] on the [[U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit]] from 1998 to 1999, then for Justice [[Stephen Breyer]] at the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] from 1999 to 2000.<ref name=CL>{{cite web |author = Wu, T. |url = http://www.law.columbia.edu/fac/Timothy_Wu |title = Tim Wu [faculty page] |publisher = [[Columbia University]] School of Law |archive-date = 2008-12-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081217091820/http://www.law.columbia.edu/fac/Timothy_Wu |url-status = live }}</ref> Following his clerkships, Wu moved to the [[San Francisco Bay Area]], worked at [[Riverstone Networks]], Inc. (2000–02),<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Net-neutrality-guru-to-speak-at-USF-3231050.php |title=Net neutrality guru to speak at USF |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=January 25, 2008 |first=Ryan |last=Kim |access-date=September 11, 2014 |archive-date=September 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911143223/http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Net-neutrality-guru-to-speak-at-USF-3231050.php |url-status=live }}</ref> and then entered academia at the [[University of Virginia School of Law]].<ref name=CL/>

Wu was associate professor of law at the [[University of Virginia]] from 2002 to 2004, visiting professor at [[Columbia Law School]] in 2004, and, in 2005, visiting professor at both [[Chicago Law School]] and at [[Stanford Law School]].<ref name=CL/>  In 2006, he became a full professor at [[Columbia Law School]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://observer.com/2006/11/wuhoo-nutty-professor-is-voice-of-a-generation/ |title=Wu-Hoo! Nutty Professor Is Voice of a Generation |newspaper=New York Observer |date=November 20, 2006 |first=Anna |last=Schneider-Mayerson |access-date=September 11, 2014 |archive-date=September 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911070447/http://observer.com/2006/11/wuhoo-nutty-professor-is-voice-of-a-generation/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===''The Master Switch''===
Wu's 2010 book, ''The Master Switch: The Rise and Fall of Information Empires'', described a long "cycle" whereby open information systems become consolidated and closed over time, reopening only after disruptive innovation. The book shows how this cycle developed with the rise of the Bell [[AT&T Corporation|AT&T]] telephone monopoly, the founding of the Hollywood entertainment industry, broadcast and cable television industries, and finally with the internet industry. He looks at the example of [[Apple Inc.]], which began as a company dedicated to openness, that evolved into a more closed system under the leadership of [[Steve Jobs]], demonstrating that the internet industry will follow the historical cycle of the rise of information empires (although Wu discussed Google as an important counterpoint). The book was named one of the best books of 2010 by several publications, including among others, ''The New Yorker'',<ref name="NYer" /> ''Fortune'',<ref name="Fortune" /> Amazon.com,<ref name="Amazon">{{cite web |url=http://www.amazon.com/gp/feature.html?ie=UTF8&plgroup=1&docId=1000628041 |title=Best Books of 2010: Business & Investing Top 10 |website=www.amazon.com |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114084242/http://www.amazon.com/gp/feature.html?ie=UTF8&plgroup=1&docId=1000628041 |archive-date=14 November 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ''The Washington Post'',<ref name=WashPost>{{cite news|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/ezra-klein/2010/12/the_five_best_books_i_read_thi.html|title=Ezra Klein - The five best books I read this year|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=2011-01-12|archive-date=2012-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009173433/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/ezra-klein/2010/12/the_five_best_books_i_read_thi.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and ''Publishers Weekly''.<ref name="PW"/> 

=== 2014 New York lieutenant gubernatorial election and aftermath ===
[[File:Tim Wu, Campaign Event, Summer 2014.jpg|thumb|Wu at a campaign event]]
{{main|2014 New York gubernatorial election}}
Wu ran for the Democratic nomination for [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]] in 2014, campaigning alongside gubernatorial candidate [[Zephyr Teachout]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/jacobfischler/zephyr-teachout-challenges-andrew-cuomo|title=Exclusive: Progressive Ticket Will Challenge Andrew Cuomo And His Running Mate In New York Primary|website=BuzzFeed News|date=13 June 2014 |access-date=2019-09-24|archive-date=2019-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924225501/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/jacobfischler/zephyr-teachout-challenges-andrew-cuomo|url-status=live}}</ref> Wu and Teachout ran against [[Andrew Cuomo]], the incumbent governor, and [[Kathy Hochul]], an upstate Democrat and former Representative in the House. Teachout and Wu ran to the left of Cuomo and Hochul. Hochul won the race for Lieutenant Governor; Wu took 40% of the popular vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://project.wnyc.org/election2014-ny-state/|title=Election 2014 - WNYC|first=WNYC Data|last=News|website=project.wnyc.org|access-date=27 October 2017|archive-date=12 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312025638/https://project.wnyc.org/election2014-ny-state/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wu's campaign received an endorsement from ''The New York Times'' editorial board, although they offered no endorsement for the office of governor.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/28/opinion/timothy-wu-for-lieutenant-governor.html "Timothy Wu for Lieutenant Governor"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113151017/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/28/opinion/timothy-wu-for-lieutenant-governor.html|date=2016-01-13}}, editorial, ''The New York Times'', August 27, 2014. Retrieved 2014-08-28.</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/27/opinion/editorial-governor-cuomo-ethics-reform-hinders-endorsement-zephyr-teachout.html "The Governor’s Primary in New York: Governor Cuomo’s Failure on Ethics Reform Hinders an Endorsement"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522084739/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/27/opinion/editorial-governor-cuomo-ethics-reform-hinders-endorsement-zephyr-teachout.html|date=2017-05-22}}, editorial, ''The New York Times'', August 26, 2014. Retrieved 2014-08-30.</ref>

In a ''Washington Post'' interview discussing his candidacy, Wu described his approach to the campaign as one positioned against the concentration of private power: "A hundred years ago, antitrust and merger enforcement was front page news. And we live in another era of enormous private concentration. And for some reason we call all these 'wonky issues.' They're not, really. They affect people more than half a dozen other issues. Day to day, people's lives are affected by concentration and infrastructure... You can expect a progressive-style, trust-busting kind of campaign out of me. And I fully intend to bridge that gap between the kind of typical issues in electoral politics and questions involving private power."<ref>Fung, Brian (June&nbsp;16, 2014). "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2014/06/16/15-questions-for-tim-wu-the-net-neutrality-scholar-whos-running-for-n-y-lieutenant-governor 15 questions for Tim Wu, the net neutrality scholar who’s running for N.Y. lieutenant governor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310013622/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2014/06/16/15-questions-for-tim-wu-the-net-neutrality-scholar-whos-running-for-n-y-lieutenant-governor |date=2016-03-10 }}". ''Washington Post''. washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2014-04-16.</ref>

In September 2015, ''The New York Times'' reported that Wu was appointed to a position in the Office of New York State Attorney General [[Eric Schneiderman]].<ref>{{Cite news|title = Tim Wu, Open Internet Advocate, Joins New York Attorney General's Office|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/14/nyregion/tim-wu-open-internet-advocate-joins-new-york-attorney-generals-office.html|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 2015-09-13|access-date = 2015-12-07|issn = 0362-4331|first = Thomas|last = Kaplan|archive-date = 2015-09-17|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150917085333/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/14/nyregion/tim-wu-open-internet-advocate-joins-new-york-attorney-generals-office.html|url-status = live}}</ref> During the [[2018 New York Attorney General election]], Wu was mentioned as a possible candidate, though he ended up not mounting a bid.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lovett |first=Kenneth |title=Columbia Law professor who coined 'net neutrality' term mulling run for attorney general |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/columbia-professor-coined-net-neutrality-term-eyes-ag-run-article-1.3996621 |access-date=2021-01-22 |website=nydailynews.com|date=18 May 2018 }}</ref>

=== Biden administration ===
Following [[Joe Biden|Joe Biden's]] [[2020 United States presidential election|election]] as [[President of the United States]], Wu had been mentioned as a possible appointee to the [[Federal Trade Commission]], a body for which he has previously served as a senior advisor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hendel |first=John |title=Media fight hits Supreme Court today |url=https://politi.co/38VfqQW |access-date=2021-01-22 |website=POLITICO |date=19 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> On March 5, 2021, Wu confirmed a previous report<ref>{{Cite news |last=Levine |first=Alexandra S. |date=February 23, 2020 |title=Antitrust crusader Tim Wu likely landing in the White House |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/newsletters/morning-tech/2021/02/23/antitrust-crusader-tim-wu-likely-landing-in-the-white-house-793535 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305171853/https://www.politico.com/newsletters/morning-tech/2021/02/23/antitrust-crusader-tim-wu-likely-landing-in-the-white-house-793535 |archive-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref> that he would be joining the [[Presidency of Joe Biden|Biden administration]]'s [[National Economic Council (United States)|National Economic Council]] as a Special Assistant to the President for Technology and Competition Policy.<ref name=":0" /> As a member of the Biden administration, Wu was responsible for helping to author the antitrust-focused [[Executive Order 14036]].<ref name=":1" />

On August 2, 2022, ''[[Bloomberg News]]'' reported that Wu would leave the White House to return to his professorship at Columbia in the following months;<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Birnbaum |first1=Emily |last2=Nylen |first2=Leah |last3=Cook |first3=Nancy |date=August 2, 2022 |title=Biden Adviser Tim Wu to Leave After Shaping Antitrust Policy |language=en |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-02/biden-adviser-wu-to-leave-after-shaping-antitrust-policy |access-date=August 2, 2022}}</ref> however, Wu responded to the report by promising to not leave his position "anytime soon".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Birnbaum |first=Emily |date=2022-08-09 |title=Biden Adviser Wu Says He's Not Planning to Leave 'Anytime Soon' |language=en |work=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-09/biden-adviser-wu-says-he-s-not-planning-to-leave-anytime-soon |access-date=2022-11-24}}</ref> On December 31, 2022, ''The New York Times'' reported that Mr. Wu's last day at the National Economic Council would be Wednesday, January 4, 2023, ending his 22-month tenure as special assistant to the Biden administration. Mr. Wu said he would return to his previous job, as a professor at Columbia Law School.<ref>{{Cite news |last=McCabe |first=David |date=2022-12-30 |title=An Architect of Biden's Antitrust Push Is Leaving the White House |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/30/technology/tim-wu-leaves-white-house.html |access-date=2023-02-09 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

== Influence ==
[[File:Wikipedia Day New York January 2017 003.jpg|thumb|left|Wu spoke on a panel at [[Wikipedia Day]] 2017]]
Wu is credited with popularizing the concept of [[network neutrality]] in his 2003 paper ''Network Neutrality, Broadband Discrimination''. The paper considered network neutrality in terms of neutrality between applications, as well as neutrality between data and quality of service-sensitive traffic, and he proposed some legislation, potentially, to deal with these issues.<ref name=Wu2003/><ref name="Columbia Law School"/>  In 2006, Wu also was invited by the [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) to help draft the first [[network neutrality]] rules attached to the [[AT&T]] and [[BellSouth]] merger.<ref name="Ante" />

In 2011, Wu joined the Federal Trade Commission as an academic in residence and Senior Policy Advisor,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Professor Tim Wu Named Advisor to Federal Trade Commission on Consumer Protection, Competition|url=https://www.law.columbia.edu/news/archive/professor-tim-wu-named-advisor-federal-trade-commission-consumer-protection-competition|access-date=2020-11-27|website=www.law.columbia.edu|language=en}}</ref> a position later held by Paul Ohm in 2012,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-05-21|title=Professor Paul Ohm Named Advisor to Federal Trade Commission|url=https://www.colorado.edu/law/2012/05/21/professor-paul-ohm-named-advisor-federal-trade-commission|access-date=2020-11-27|website=Colorado Law|language=en}}</ref> and then by [[Andrea M. Matwyshyn]] in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-11-18|title=FTC Names Latanya Sweeney as Chief Technologist; Andrea Matwyshyn as Policy Advisor|url=https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2013/11/ftc-names-latanya-sweeney-chief-technologist-andrea-matwyshyn|access-date=2020-11-27|website=Federal Trade Commission|language=en}}</ref>  Wu has appeared on the television programs ''[[The Colbert Report]]'' and ''[[Charlie Rose (TV series)|Charlie Rose]]''.<ref>{{Citation|title=End of Net Neutrality - Tim Wu-The Colbert Report - Video Clip|url=http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/qatuhg/end-of-net-neutrality---tim-wu|access-date=2016-07-18|archive-date=2015-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704074457/http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/qatuhg/end-of-net-neutrality---tim-wu|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hulu.com/watch/205383|title=Charlie Rose|website=Hulu|access-date=27 October 2017|archive-date=2 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602061220/http://www.hulu.com/watch/205383|url-status=live}}</ref> Wu has written about the phenomenon of [[attention theft]],<ref name="Wired">{{cite magazine |last1=Wu |first1=Tim |authorlink=Tim Wu |title=The Crisis of Attention Theft—Ads That Steal Your Time for Nothing in Return |url=https://www.wired.com/2017/04/forcing-ads-captive-audience-attention-theft-crime/ |access-date=9 August 2021 |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |date=April 14, 2017}}</ref> including in his 2016 book ''The Attention Merchants''. Wu has been described as a leading member of the [[New Brandeis movement]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Shay|first=Christopher|date=2018-11-13|title=Tim Wu Goes After the Titans of the New Gilded Age|language=en-US|work=[[The Nation]]|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/tim-wu-interview-curse-bigness/|access-date=2021-07-13|issn=0027-8378}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Nylen|first=Leah|date=July 9, 2021|title=Biden launches assault on monopolies|work=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/07/08/biden-assault-monopolies-498876|access-date=July 13, 2021}}</ref> His 2018 book, ''The Curse of Bigness: Antitrust in the New Gilded Age'', analyzed the history and principles of antitrust enforcement in the United States and argued that increasing corporate consolidation presented threats not only to the U.S. economy but also to the American political system.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=[[John Cassidy (journalist)|Cassidy, John]]|date=July 12, 2021|title=The Biden Antitrust Revolution|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-biden-antitrust-revolution|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713040811/https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-biden-antitrust-revolution|archive-date=July 13, 2021}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Wu is married to [[Kathryn Judge]], fellow Columbia law professor and lawyer. They have two daughters.<ref name=wsj/>  Wu has won two [[Lowell Thomas Travel Journalism Awards|Lowell Thomas Awards]] for travel journalism,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Society of American Travel Writers Foundation Annual Lowell Thomas Travel Journalism Competition|url=http://www.satwf.com/past-winners-satw-foundation-lowell-thomas-competi|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921053009/http://www.satwf.com/past-winners-satw-foundation-lowell-thomas-competi|archive-date=21 September 2020|access-date=23 July 2020|website=SATW Foundation}}</ref> and was on the Director's Advisory Group for the Sundance Film Festival in the late 2010s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sundance Annual Report 2018|url=https://www.sundance.org/pdf/about/2019AnnualReport.pdf|access-date=July 22, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sundance Annual Report 2019|url=https://www.sundance.org/pdf/about/2019AnnualReport.pdf|access-date=July 22, 2021}}</ref>

==Selected publications==
===Books===
* Wu, Tim (2025). ''The Age of Extraction: How Tech Platforms Conquered the Economy and Threaten Our Future Prosperity''. New York: [[Alfred A. Knopf|Knopf]] ({{ISBN|978-0-593-32124-9}}). Scheduled to release November 2025.
* Wu, Tim (2018). ''The Curse of Bigness: Antitrust in the New Gilded Age''. [[Columbia Global Reports]] ({{ISBN|978-0-9997454-6-5}})
* Wu, Tim (2016). ''The Attention Merchants: The Epic Scramble to Get Inside Our Heads''. New York: [[Alfred A. Knopf|Knopf]] ({{ISBN|978-0-385-35201-7}})
* Wu, Tim (2010). ''The Master Switch: The Rise and Fall of Information Empires''. New York: [[Alfred A. Knopf|Knopf]] ({{ISBN|0307269930}}, {{ISBN|978-0-307-26993-5}})
* Goldsmith, Jack L., and Tim Wu (2006). ''[[Who Controls the Internet|Who Controls the Internet? Illusions of a Borderless World]]''. New York: [[Oxford University Press|Oxford UP]] ({{ISBN|0195152662}}, {{ISBN|978-0-19-515266-1}})

===Articles===
*Wu, T. (2019, December 11). Will artificial intelligence eat the law? the rise of hybrid social-ordering systems. Columbia Law Review. https://columbialawreview.org/content/will-artificial-intelligence-eat-the-law-the-rise-of-hybrid-social-ordering-systems/ 
*[http://www.democracynow.org/2015/2/27/a_historic_decision_tim_wu_father "A Historic Decision": Tim Wu, Father of Net Neutrality, Praises FCC Vote to Preserve Open Internet]. ''[[Democracy Now!]]'', February 27, 2015. Accessed October 20, 2015.
* (2013) "How the Legal System Failed [[Aaron Swartz]]—And Us", ''The New Yorker'' News Desk blog, January 14, 2013.
* (2007) [http://www.newamerica.net/files/WorkingPaper17_WirelessNetNeutrality_Wu.pdf "Wireless Net Neutrality: Cellular Carterfone and Consumer Choice in Mobile Broadband"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213053037/http://www.newamerica.net/files/WorkingPaper17_WirelessNetNeutrality_Wu.pdf |date=2015-02-13 }}, ''[[New America Foundation]]: Wireless Future Program''. Working Paper No. 17, ''Newamerica.net''
*[http://www.slate.com/id/2140850/ "Why You Should Care about Network Neutrality: The Future of the Internet Depends On It!"]. ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]'', May 6, 2006. Accessed August 24, 2008.
*[http://www.slate.com/id/2134670/ "Keeping Secrets: A Simple Prescription for Keeping Google's Records out of Government Hands"]. ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]'', January 23, 2006. Accessed August 24, 2008.
* (2003) "Network Neutrality, Broadband Discrimination", 2 ''J. on Telecomm. & High Tech. L.'' 141 (2003).

==See also==
* [[Kronos effect]]
* [[Chinese people in New York City|Chinese Americans in New York City]]
* [[Taiwanese people in New York City|Taiwanese Americans in New York City]]
* [[List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 2)]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading and resources==
<!--Each entry listed below needs a full citation: author, as listed in paper or publication, title, organ of publication, publisher, date of publication, volume, issue number (as applies), page numbers. See [[WP:BLP#Sources]] and see [[Wikipedia:Guidelines for controversial articles]] for guidance and [[WP:CITE]].-->

===Audiovisual resources===
*{{cite video|title=Futures of the Internet|medium=[[Adobe Flash|Flash]], [[MP3]], [[MPEG-4 Part 14|MP4]], [[RealVideo]], [[windows Media Video|WMV]], [[3GP]], [[YouTube]], etc.|publisher=[[Internet Society|New York Chapter of the Internet Society (ISOC–NY)]]|url=http://www.isoc-ny.org/?p=214|format=Viewable and downloadable [[World Wide Web|Web]] [[digital video|Video clip]]|date=2008-04-16|access-date=2008-08-24}}.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{official}}
*[https://www.law.columbia.edu/faculty/timothy-wu Tim Wu] – Faculty biography, [[Columbia Law School]], [[Columbia University]].
*[http://ssrn.com/author=159088 Tim Wu] – Publications and papers by Tim Wu in the [[Social Science Research Network|Social Science Research Network (SSRN)]] (abstracts; full texts).
*{{C-SPAN|1009706}}

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