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{{Short description|Canton in San José province, Costa Rica}}
{{Expand Spanish|1=Cantón de Tibás|date=September 2024|topic=geo}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                    = Tibás
|native_name_lang        = es
|settlement_type         = [[Cantons of Costa Rica|Canton]]
|pushpin_map             = Costa Rica San José#Costa Rica
|pushpin_map_alt         = Tibás canton location in San José Province##Tibás canton location in Costa Rica
|pushpin_map_caption     = Tibás canton location in San José Province##Tibás canton location in Costa Rica
|coordinates             = {{coord|9.9574805|-84.0810853|type:adm2nd_region:CR|display=inline,title}}
|image_flag              = Bandera Tibás.svg
|image_seal              = Escudo del cantón de Tibás.svg
|image_map               = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|type=shape|title=Tibás canton}}
|map_alt                 = Tibás canton
|map_caption             = Tibás canton
|image_skyline           =
|image_alt               =
|image_caption           =
|established_title       = Creation
|established_date        = 7 August 1868
|subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name        = {{CRI}}
|subdivision_type1       = [[Provinces of Costa Rica|Province]]
|subdivision_name1       = [[San José Province|San José]]
|seat_type               = Head city
|seat                    = [[San Juan District, Tibás|San Juan]]
|government_type         = [[Local government in Costa Rica|Municipality]]
|governing_body          = {{lang|es|Municipalidad de Tibás}}
|leader_title            = Mayor
|leader_name             = José Alejandro Alvarado Vega ([[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]])
|parts_type              = [[Districts of Costa Rica|Districts]]
|parts_style             = list
|parts                   = Districts
|p1                      = [[San Juan District, Tibás|San Juan]]
|p2                      = [[Cinco Esquinas District|Cinco Esquinas]]
|p3                      = [[Anselmo Llorente District|Anselmo Llorente]]
|p4                      = [[León XIII District|León XIII]]
|p5                      = [[Colima District|Colima]]
|area_total_km2          = 8.27
|elevation_m             = 1140
|population_total        = 64842
|population_as_of        = 2011
|population_est          = 74592
|pop_est_as_of           = 2022
|population_density_km2  = auto
|timezone1               = [[UTC−06:00]]
|blank_name              = Canton code
|blank_info              = 113
|website                 = {{URL|https://www.munitibas.go.cr/}}
}}
'''Tibás''' is the thirteenth [[Cantons of Costa Rica|canton]] in the province of [[San José Province|San José]] in [[Costa Rica]].<ref name="divadm">{{cite web |language=es |title=Declara oficial para efectos administrativos, la aprobación de la División Territorial Administrativa de la República N°41548-MGP |url=http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/Busqueda/Normativa/Normas/nrm_texto_completo.aspx?param1=NRTC&nValor1=1&nValor2=88416&nValor3=115607&param2=1&strTipM=TC&lResultado=1&strSim=simp |website=Sistema Costarricense de Información Jurídica |access-date=26 September 2020 |date=19 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="dta2017">{{cite book |language=es |title=División Territorial Administrativa de la República de Costa Rica|date=8 March 2017|publisher=Editorial Digital de la Imprenta Nacional|isbn=978-9977-58-477-5|url=https://www.imprentanacional.go.cr/editorialdigital/libros/historiaygeografia/division_17.pdf}}</ref> The head city of the canton is [[San Juan District, Tibás|San Juan]].

== History ==
Tibás was created on 26 June 1914 by decree 31.<ref name="dta2017"/> It was formerly known as San Juan del Murciélago and was meant to be the capital of the country, at least according to ex-president [[Braulio Carrillo]],<ref>{{Cite web|title = Historia del Cantón de Tibás|url = http://cantondetibas.blogspot.com/|website = Tibás|access-date = 2015-09-04}}</ref> this is the reason the town was originally designed with such a neat array of perfectly aligned blocks, cut by the streets running from North to South and the avenues from East to West.

== Geography ==
Tibás has an area of {{cvt|8.27|km2}} and a mean elevation of {{cvt|1140|m}}.<ref name="ignarea">{{Cite web |author=Instituto Geográfico Nacional de Costa Rica |date=20 June 2024 |title=División Territorial Administrativa, 2024 |trans-title=Administrative Territorial Division, 2024 |url=https://files.snitcr.go.cr/boletines/DTA-TABLA%20POR%20PROVINCIA-CANT%C3%93N-DISTRITO%202024.pdf |language=es |format=PDF}}</ref><ref name="divadm"/>

The canton forms a northern suburb of the national capital city of [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]. It is triangular in shape, with the Virilla River as its northern boundary. The Quebrada Rivera, a canyon, establishes the southwestern limit of the canton and also a portion of the southeastern boundary.

== Government ==
=== Mayor ===
According to Costa Rica's [[Local government in Costa Rica|Municipal Code]], mayors are elected every four years by the population of the canton.<ref name="codmuni">{{Cite web |author=Asamblea Legislativa de la República de Costa Rica |author-link=Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica |date=13 May 2024 |title=Código Municipal |trans-title=Municipal Code |url=http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/Busqueda/Normativa/Normas/nrm_texto_completo.aspx?nValor1=1&nValor2=40197 |website=Sistema Costarricense de Información Jurídica |language=es}}</ref> As of the latest [[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|municipal elections in 2024]], the [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]] candidate, José Alejandro Alvarado Vega, was elected mayor of the canton with 37.17% of the votes, with Liliana María Beer Rodríguez and Olga Courrau Quesada as first and second vice mayors, respectively.<ref name="2024alcdec2">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica |date=8 March 2024 |title=N.° 1658-E11-2024 - Declaratoria de elección de alcaldías y vicealcaldías de las municipalidades de los cantones de la provincia de San José, para el período comprendido entre el primero de mayo de dos mil veinticuatro y el treinta de abril de dos mil veintiocho. |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/juris/relevantes/1658-E11-2024.html |language=es}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto"
|+ Mayors of Tibás since the [[2002 Costa Rican municipal elections|2002 elections]]<ref name="decs">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica |title=Resoluciones declaratorias de elección |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/declaratorias.htm |website=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |language=es}}</ref>
!Period
!Name
!Party
|-
|[[2002 Costa Rican municipal elections|2002–2006]]
|Percy Kenneth Rodríguez Argüello
|[[File:Bandera del Partido Unidad Social Cristiana.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[Social Christian Unity Party|PUSC]]
|-
|[[2006 Costa Rican municipal elections|2006–2010]]
|Jorge Antonio Salas Bonilla
|[[File:Bandera Partido Acción Ciudadana Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|PAC]]
|-
|[[2010 Costa Rican municipal elections|2010–2016]]
|Gonzalo Vargas Jiménez
| rowspan="4" |[[File:Bandera de Partido Liberación Nacional.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]]
|-
|[[2016 Costa Rican municipal elections|2016–2020]]
| rowspan="2" |Carlos Luis Cascante Duarte
|-
|[[2020 Costa Rican municipal elections|2020–2024]]
|-
|[[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|2024–2028]]
|José Alejandro Alvarado Vega
|}

=== Municipal Council ===
Like the mayor and vice mayors, members of the Municipal Council (called {{lang|es|regidores}}) are elected every four years. Tibás' Municipal Council has 7 seats for regidores and their substitutes, who can participate in meetings but not vote unless the owning regidor ({{Lang|es|regidor propietario}}) is absent.<ref name="codmuni"/> The current president of the Municipal Council is the [[Social Democratic Progress Party]] regidor, Jimmy Villalta Espinoza.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Municipalidad de Tibás |date=30 July 2024 |title=Perfiles de los Miembros del Concejo Municipal Período 2024-2028 |url=https://www.munitibas.go.cr/articulo/133/perfiles-de-los-miembros-del-concejo-municipal-periodo-2024-2028 |access-date=20 September 2024}}</ref> The Municipal Council's composition for the 2024–2028 period is as follows:

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="margin:auto;"
|+ Composition of the Municipal Council of Tibás after the [[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|2024 municipal elections]]<ref name="2024regdec2">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica |date=12 February 2024 |title=N.° 2218-E11-2024 - Declaratoria de elección de regidurías de las municipalidades de los cantones de la provincia de San José, para el período comprendido entre el primero de mayo de dos mil veinticuatro y el treinta de abril de dos mil veintiocho. |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/juris/relevantes/2218-E11-2024.html |language=es}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="6" |[[File:Costa Rica Tibás Concejo Municipal 2024.svg|frameless|center]]
|-
! colspan="6" |'''Political parties in the Municipal Council of Tibás'''
|-----
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Political party
! colspan="3" |Regidores
|-
!№
!Owner
!Substitute
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[File:Bandera de Partido Liberación Nacional.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]]
| rowspan="3" |[[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]] (PLN)
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="#00A94F" |
| rowspan="3" |3
|Dora Alicia Rodríguez Rodríguez
|Stephanie Patricia Blanco Rojas
|-
|Jean Paul Porras Carvajal
|Arturo Enrique Hernández Martínez
|-
|Alejandra Ramón Sánchez
|María del Milagro Chacón Zamora
|-----
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera Partido Progreso Social Democrático Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Social Democratic Progress Party]] (PSD)
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#1007A0" |
| rowspan="2" |2
|Jimmy Villalta Espinoza<sup>(P)</sup>
|Juan Carlos Rodríguez Cruz
|-
|Carmen Eugenia Sánchez Avila
|Irene Patricia Segura Varela
|-
|[[File:Bandera Partido Republicano Social Cristiano Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]]
|[[Social Christian Republican Party]] (PRSC)
| bgcolor="#FFCD01" |
|1
|Manuel René Barboza Chaves
|Eduardo Emilio Umaña Álvarez
|-
|[[File:Bandera del Partido Unidad Social Cristiana.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]]
|[[Social Christian Unity Party]] (PUSC)
| bgcolor="#C42026" |
|1
|Vivian Roxana Acosta Bonilla
|Inés Cristina Lascarez Solano
|}

== Districts ==
The canton of Tibás is subdivided into the following [[Districts of Costa Rica|districts]]:
# [[San Juan District, Tibás|San Juan]]
# [[Cinco Esquinas District|Cinco Esquinas]]
# [[Anselmo Llorente District|Anselmo Llorente]]
# [[León XIII District|León XIII]]
# [[Colima District|Colima]]

== Demographics ==
{{CR Census population}}
Tibás had an estimated population of {{formatnum:74592}} people in 2022, up from {{formatnum:64842}} at the time of the [[Costa Rica 2011 Census|2011 census]].<ref name="2022popest">{{Cite book |author=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos |author-link=National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica |url=https://admin.inec.cr/sites/default/files/2023-10/rePoblacResultadosGenerales_Estimacion_poblacion_vivienda_2022_0.pdf |title=Estimación de Población y Vivienda 2022 : Resultados Generales |date=July 2023 |isbn=9789930525753 |language=es |trans-title=2022 Population and Housing Estimate : General Results}}</ref><ref name="censo2011">{{cite web |language=es |title=Censo. 2011. Población total por zona y sexo, según provincia, cantón y distrito |url=https://www.inec.cr/censos/censos-2011 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos |access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref>

Tibás had a [[Human Development Index]] of 0.766 in 2022.<ref name="2022hdi">{{Cite web |author=Sistema Nacional de Información y Registro Único de Beneficiarios del Estado |author2=Escuela de Estadística de la Universidad de Costa Rica |author-link2=University of Costa Rica |author3=Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo |author-link3=United Nations Development Programme |date=9 June 2023 |title=Atlas de Desarrollo Humano Cantonal en Costa Rica, 2022 |url=https://www.undp.org/es/costa-rica/publicaciones/atlas-de-desarrollo-humano-cantonal-2022/}}</ref>

Tibás includes both industrial and residential neighborhoods and is home of a popular football team in Costa Rica, [[Deportivo Saprissa]] and its stadium [[Estadio Ricardo Saprissa]].

== Transportation ==
=== Road transportation ===
The canton is covered by the following road routes:
{{Columns-list|
*[[File:CR RNP 5.svg|25px]] [[National Route 5 (Costa Rica)|National Route 5]]
*[[File:CR RNP 32.svg|25px]] [[National Route 32 (Costa Rica)|National Route 32]]
*[[File:CR RNS 100.svg|25px]] [[National Route 100 (Costa Rica)|National Route 100]]
*[[File:CR RNS 101.svg|25px]] [[National Route 101 (Costa Rica)|National Route 101]]
*[[File:CR RNS 102.svg|25px]] [[National Route 102 (Costa Rica)|National Route 102]]
*[[File:CR RNS 108.svg|25px]] [[National Route 108 (Costa Rica)|National Route 108]]
*[[File:CR RNS 117.svg|25px]] [[National Route 117 (Costa Rica)|National Route 117]]
}}

=== Rail transportation ===
The [[Interurbano Line (Costa Rica)|Interurbano Line]] operated by [[Incofer]] goes through this canton.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Provinces and cantons of Costa Rica}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tibas Canton}}
[[Category:Cantons of San José Province]]
[[Category:Populated places in San José Province]]