View source for The Baby Snooks Show

{{Short description|American radio program}}
{{italic title}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2025}}
[[File:Bricenbcart.jpg|right|thumb|250px|[[David Stone Martin]]'s illustration of [[Fanny Brice]] in the role of Baby Snooks]]
'''''The Baby Snooks Show''''' was an American radio program starring comedian and ''[[Ziegfeld Follies]]'' alumna [[Fanny Brice]] as a mischievous young girl who was 40 years younger than the actress who played her when she first went on the air. The series began on CBS September 17, 1944, airing on Sunday evenings at 6:30 pm as '''''Post Toasties Time''''' (for sponsor [[General Foods]]). The title soon changed to ''The Baby Snooks Show'', and the series was sometimes called '''''Baby Snooks and Daddy'''''.[[File:Fanny Brice Baby Snooks 1940.JPG|right|thumb|Fanny Brice as Baby Snooks]]

==History==
In 1904, [[George McManus]] began his comic strip, ''The Newlyweds'', about a couple and their child, Baby Snookums.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070319103733/http://scoop.diamondgalleries.com/scoop_article.asp?ai=4892&si=126 Scoop: ''The Newlyweds'' (April 9, 2004)]</ref> Brice began doing her Baby Snooks character in vaudeville, as she recalled in an interview shortly before her death: "I first did Snooks in 1912 when I was in vaudeville. At the time there was a juvenile actress named [[Diana Serra Cary|Baby Peggy]] and she was very popular. Her hair was all curled and bleached and she was always in pink or blue. She looked like a strawberry ice cream soda. When I started to do Baby Snooks, I really was a baby, because when I think about Baby Snooks it's really the way I was when I was a kid. On stage, I made Snooks a caricature of Baby Peggy."<ref>[http://www.brice.nl/babysnooks.html Fanny Brice Collection: Baby Snooks].</ref>

Early on, Brice's character was sometimes called "Babykins." By 1934 she was wearing her baby costume while appearing on Broadway in the ''Follies'' show. On February 29, 1936, Brice was scheduled to appear on the ''Ziegfeld Follies of the Air'', written and directed by [[Philip Rapp]] in 1935–37. Rapp and his writing partner [[David Freedman]] searched the closest bookcase, opened a public domain collection of sketches by [[Robert Jones Burdette]], ''Chimes From a Jester’s Bells'' (1897), and adapted a humorous piece about a kid and his uncle, changing the boy to a girl named Snooks. Rapp continued to write the radio sketches when Brice played Snooks on the ''Good News Show'' the following year. In 1940, she became a regular character on ''Maxwell House Coffee Time'', sharing the spotlight with actor [[Frank Morgan]], who sometimes did a crossover into the Snooks sketches.
[[File:Danny thomas jerry dingle baby snooks 1945.JPG|thumb|200px|Danny Thomas as Jerry Dingle, 1945.]]
In 1944, the character was given her own show, and during the 1940s, it became one of the nation's favorite radio [[situation comedy|situation comedies]], with a variety of sponsors ([[Post Cereals]], [[Sanka]], Spic-n-Span, [[Jell-O]]) being touted by a half-dozen announcers—John Conte, Tobe Reed, Harlow Willcox, [[Dick Joy]], Don Wilson and Ken Wilson.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

On screen, Brice portrayed Baby Snooks in the 1938 film ''[[Everybody Sing (film)|Everybody Sing]]'' in a scene with [[Judy Garland]] as [[Little Lord Fauntleroy]].{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

[[Hanley Stafford]] was best known for his portrayal of Snooks's long-suffering, often-cranky father, Lancelot “Daddy” Higgins, a role played earlier by [[Alan Reed]] on the 1936 ''Follies'' broadcasts. Lalive Brownell was Vera “Mommy” Higgins, later portrayed by Lois Corbet (mid-1940s) and [[Arlene Harris]] (after 1945). Beginning in 1945, the child impersonator Leone Ledoux was first heard as Snooks's younger brother Robespierre, and Snooks returned full circle to the comics when comic book illustrator [[Graham Ingels]] and his wife Gertrude named their son Robespierre (born 1946) after listening to Ledoux's child voice.{{original research inline|date=October 2017}}

[[Danny Thomas]] was the "daydreaming postman" Jerry Dingle (1944–45), who imagined himself in other occupations, such as a circus owner or railroad conductor.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}} Others in the cast were [[Ben Alexander (actor)|Ben Alexander]], Elvia Allman, Sara Berner, [[Charlie Cantor]], Ken Christy, Earl Lee, [[Frank Nelson (actor)|Frank Nelson]], [[Lillian Randolph]], [[Alan Reed]] (as Mr. Weemish, Daddy's boss) and [[Irene Tedrow]].{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

The scripts by Bill Danch, Sid Dorfman, Robert Fisher, Everett Freeman,  [[Jess Oppenheimer]] (later the producer and head writer of ''[[I Love Lucy]]''),{{citation needed|date=October 2017}} [[Philip Rapp]] (who often revised his scripts three times before airing){{citation needed|date=October 2017}} and Arthur Stander were produced and directed by Mann Holiner (early 1940s), Al Kaye (1944), Ted Bliss, Walter Bunker and Arthur Stander. Clark Casey and David Light handled the sound effects with music by Meredith Willson (1937–44), [[Carmen Dragon]], and vocalist Bob Graham.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

[[File:Snooksart.jpg|left|thumb|200px|''Baby Snooks'' recording]]In 1945, when illness caused Brice to miss several episodes, her absence was incorporated into the show as a plot device in which top stars (including [[Robert Benchley]], [[Sydney Greenstreet]], [[Kay Kyser]] and [[Peter Lorre]]) took part in a prolonged search for Snooks. In the fall of 1946, the show moved to Friday nights at 8pm, continuing on CBS until May 28, 1948. On November 9, 1949, the series moved to NBC where it was heard Tuesdays at 8:30pm. Sponsored by [[Tums]], ''The Baby Snooks Show'' continued on NBC until May 22, 1951. Two days later, Fanny Brice had a cerebral hemorrhage, and the show ended with her death at age 59.

One of the last shows in the series, "Report Card Blues" (May 1, 1951), is included in the CD set, ''The 60 Greatest Old-time Radio Shows of the 20th Century'' (1999), introduced by [[Walter Cronkite]].<ref>[http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/ University of California, Berkeley: Media Resources Center.]</ref>

Radio historian [[Arthur Frank Wertheim]] recalls a few of the {{citation needed span|text=devilish imp's|date=October 2017|reason=Either the contributor is making stuff up, or such comments can be linked to a source.}} pranks: "…planting a bees' nest at her mother's club meeting, cutting her father's fishing line into little pieces, ripping the fur off her mother's coat, inserting marbles into her father's piano and smearing glue on her baby brother."<ref>[[Arthur Frank Wertheim|Wertheim, Arthur Frank]]. ''Radio Comedy''. Oxford University Press, 1979. {{ISBN|0-19-502481-8}}</ref>  Yet Snooks was not a mean-spirited child: "The character may have seemed a noisy one-joke idea based on Snooks driving Daddy to a screaming fit," wrote [[Gerald Nachman (journalist)|Gerald Nachman]] in ''Raised on Radio''. "Yet Brice was wonderfully adept at giving voice to her irritating moppet without making Snooks obnoxious." Nachman quoted ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' critic Hobe Morrison: "Snooks was not nasty or mean, spiteful or sadistic. She was at heart a nice kid. Similarly, Daddy was harried and desperate and occasionally was driven to spanking his impish daughter. But Daddy wasn't ill-tempered or unkind with the kid. He wasn't a crab."<ref name="nachman">{{cite book |last=Nachman |first=Gerald |year=1998 |title=Raised on Radio |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=hpywoSI2au4C&dq=%22There+has+never+been+a+sitcom%22&pg=PA224 |pages=224–226 |publisher=University of California Press, by arrangement with Pantheon Books |isbn=0-520-22303-9 |accessdate=16 August 2019}}</ref>

Brice herself was so meticulous and fanatical about the character that, according to Nachman, "she dressed in a baby-doll dress for the studio audience," and she also appeared in the costume at parades and personal appearances.<ref>Goldman, Herbert G. ''Fanny Brice: The Original Funny Girl''. Oxford University Press, 1992. {{ISBN|0-19-508552-3}}</ref> She also insisted on her script being printed in extremely large type so she could avoid having to use reading glasses when on the air live. She was self-conscious about wearing glasses in front of an audience and didn't believe they fit the Snooks image.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}} By her own admission, Brice was a lackadaisical rehearser: "I can't do a show until it's on the air, kid," she was quoted as telling her writer/producer Everett Freeman.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}} Yet she locked in tight{{according to whom|date=October 2017}} when the show did go on—right down to Snooks-like "squirming, squinting, mugging, jumping up and down," as comedian [[George Burns]] remembered.<ref name="nachman" />

Snooks proved so universally appealing that Brice and Stafford were invited to perform in character on the second installment of ''[[The Big Show (NBC Radio)|The Big Show]]'', [[NBC]]'s big-budget, last-ditch bid to keep classic radio variety programming alive amidst the television onslaught. Snooks tapped on hostess [[Tallulah Bankhead]]'s door to ask about a career in acting, despite Daddy's telling her she already didn't have what it took. Later in the show, Snooks and Daddy appeared with fellow guest star [[Groucho Marx]] in a spoof of Marx's popular quiz-and-comedy show, ''[[You Bet Your Life]]''.<ref>[http://www.marx-brothers.org/listening/radio.htm "The Marx Brothers Radio Shows and Guest Appearances": ''The Big Show'' (November 12, 1950)]</ref>

==Television==
Brice and Stafford brought Baby Snooks and Daddy to television only once, an appearance on the June 12, 1950, edition of CBS-TV's ''Popsicle Parade of Stars''. This was Fanny Brice's only appearance on television, with Baby Snooks portrayed by the adult Brice in a little girl's outfit.  Brice later admitted that the character of Baby Snooks just didn't work properly when seen.{{citation needed|date=November 2014}}

==Death==
Fanny Brice died May 29, 1951, with her memoirs unfinished and with ''Baby Snooks'' due on the air that same night. The May 29 memorial broadcast, a musical tribute to Brice, ended with a short eulogy from Stafford: "We have lost a very real, a very warm, a very wonderful woman."<ref>Grossman, Barbara Wallace. ''Funny Woman: The Life and Times of Fanny Brice''. Indiana University Press, 1991. {{ISBN|0-253-20762-2}}</ref>

==Books containing show scripts==
Philip Rapp's ''The Baby Snooks Scripts'', edited by Ben Ohmart (BearManor Media, 2003), contains Rapp's original radio scripts from ''Maxwell House Coffee Time'', the ''Good News Show'' and other programs.

''The Baby Snooks Scripts'', volume two (BearManor Media, 2007), includes an undated script by Rapp featuring [[Alfred Hitchcock]] in the unlikely role of Snooks.

==Episodes==
{{Incomplete list|date=August 2008}}

===1937===
* 12/30/37 Daniel in the Lion's Den

===1938===
* 02/17/38 Telling Time And Shaving
* 03/10/38 Income Tax<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yGxQi0f07Qk |title=Baby Snooks – Income Tax – Live 1938 |website=[[YouTube]] |accessdate=19 August 2012}}{{cbignore}}{{Dead YouTube link|date=February 2022}}</ref>
* 03/24/38 Rehearsing A Speech
* 03/31/38 At the Circus
* 04/14/38 Why? Because! (With Judy Garland)
* 05/05/38 Vitamins & Hiccups
* 05/19/38 Beach House
* 06/09/38 At the Doctors
* 09/01/38 A Tisket A Tasket<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acz3jPolHeU  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/acz3jPolHeU |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Baby Snooks – A Tisket A Tasket |website=[[YouTube]] |date=9 May 2009 |accessdate=19 August 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref> 
* 09/22/38 Aunt Sophie Having a Baby
* 10/20/38 Daddy Has An Hour to Kill<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pc1mDJjDsGE |title=Baby Snooks – Daddy has 1 Hour to Kill 1938 |website=[[YouTube]] |accessdate=19 August 2012}}{{cbignore}}{{Dead YouTube link|date=February 2022}}</ref> 
* 12/22/38 Visiting Santa Claus

===1939===
* 01/??/39 The Man Who Came to Dinner
* 01/22/39 Daddy's an Elk
* 01/29/39 Daddy's Boss Comes to Dinner
* 04/04/39 House Breaking
* 05/05/39 Life Insurance
* 05/11/39 Barking Rabbit
* 05/18/39 Golf Tea
* 05/25/39 Hugh What?
* 06/01/39 Gone Fishing
* 06/08/39 Violet Ray
* 06/15/39 Living by Dyeing
* 06/22/39 New Baby
* 06/29/39 Jealousy
* 09/07/39 Pulling Teeth
* 09/14/39 At the Dentist
* 09/22/39 Heat Wave
* 09/28/39 Airport Meeting
* 10/05/39 Mudneck
* 10/26/39 Cake Writing & Abe Lincoln
* 11/05/39 Barking Rabbit
* 11/16/39 Rich Uncle & Slapsie Maxie
* 11/23/39 Court Case
* 11/30/39 Insurance Exam
* 12/14/39 Psychoanalyzed
* 12/21/39 Sneaky Snooks
* 12/28/39 Hunting

===1940===
* 01/04/40 Bungling Burglars
* 01/11/40 Male Secretary
* 01/18/40 Chemical Catastrophe
* 01/25/40 Shetland Pony
* 02/01/40 Family Tree
* 02/08/40 Anatomy of a Robot
* 02/15/40 Tax Returns
* 02/22/40 The Missing Dollar
* 02/29/40 Wedding Cake
* 03/07/40 Baby Snooks Has Amnesia
* 03/14/40 Tom Thumb
* 03/21/40 Laying an Egg
* 03/28/40 Baby Brother (Wants Attention)
* 04/04/40 April Fools
* 04/11/40 Baby Fish Story
* 04/18/40 Magic
* 04/25/40 Motel
* 05/02/40 Auntie Septic
* 05/09/40 Lies
* 05/16/40 Jokes for Jack
* 06/22/40 Tonsils Operation
* 07/11/40 At the Beach
* 07/18/40 Library Visit
* 07/25/40 Port Hole Safe
* 09/05/40 Magazine Scam
* 09/12/40 New Car
* 09/19/40 Playing Hooky
* 09/26/40 Where's the Medicine?
* 10/10/40 Football Game
* 10/17/40 Where's My Change?
* 10/24/40 Raising a Loan
* 10/31/40 Ruined Suit
* 11/07/40 Oil Discovered
* 11/14/40 Measles
* 11/21/40 4 Fathers
* 11/28/40 Stolen Turkey
* 12/12/40 Haunted House
* 12/19/40 Christmas Skates
* 12/26/40 Returning Presents

===1941===
* 01/02/41 Sneaking Out
* 01/09/41 Art Museum
* 01/23/41 Flat Tire
* 01/30/41 Jury Duty
* 02/06/41 Flower Gardens
* 02/13/41 Taxes Again
* 02/27/41 At the Races
* 03/20/41 Photographer
* 03/27/41 Buying Shoes
* 04/03/41 At the Zoo
* 04/10/41 Trout Fishing
* 04/17/41 Baseball Game
* 04/24/41 Fixing Supper
* 05/08/41 Riding Academy
* 05/22/41 Insomnia
* 05/29/41 Antique Auction
* 06/05/41 Calisthenics
* 06/12/41 X-Ray Machine
* 06/19/41 Dollar Day
* 06/26/41 Artist Daddy
* 07/10/41 Going to Camp
* 10/02/41 Snooks Returns
* 10/09/41 New School
* 10/23/41 Duck Hunting
* 10/31/41 Halloween
* 11/06/41 Defense Stamps
* 11/13/41 Mixed Nuts
* 11/27/41 The Opera
* 12/18/41 Air Raid Warden

===1942===
* 01/01/42 Hangover
* 01/08/42 Victory Garden
* 01/15/42 House Guest
* 01/22/42 Hiccups
* 01/29/42 Report Card
* 02/05/42 Knitting Lessons
* 02/12/42 Camping In
* 02/26/42 Stealing Chickens
* 03/19/42 Fake Measles
* 03/26/42 Red Cross
* 04/02/42 Easter Suit
* 04/09/42 Daddy's Birthday
* 04/16/42 Poultice
* 04/23/42 $50.00 Raise
* 04/30/42 Quiz Kids
* 05/07/42 Fishing Rod
* 05/14/42 Driving Home From a Wedding
* 05/21/42 Sugar
* 05/28/42 Abnormal Psychology
* 06/04/42 10th Anniversary
* 06/11/42 The Twins
* 06/18/42 The Trade
* 07/02/42 Baby Buggy
* 09/03/42 Camp Report
* 09/24/42 Matinee
* 10/01/42 Gozinta
* 10/08/42 Charlie
* 12/03/42 Getting Gas
* 12/18/42 Cinderella

===1943===
* 01/14/43 Stolen Medal
* 11/04/43 The Trial

===1944===
* 06/15/44 The World's Most Patient Father
* 12/03/44 Daddy Tries to Cure Snooks Lying

===1945===
* 05/13/45 Live from the Bijou
* 09/16/45 Snooks is Missing
* 12/16/45 Baby Snooks is Lost

===1946===
* 11/01/46 Hallowe'en Trick or Treat

===1947===
* 03/02/47 Home Remodeling
* 05/23/47 Miracle Children Quiz Show
* 10/17/47 Daddy's New Suits
* 10/24/47 Ugly Duckling (Snooks is Unpopular)
* 10/24/47 Charles Harding Blaire to arrive

===1950===
* 11/12/50 Snooks & Tallulah

===1951===
* 01/05/51 Daddy's Old Flame
* 01/15/51 The Lady Detective
* 02/18/51 Hanging Wallpaper
* 03/20/51 The Easter Bonnet
* 05/05/51 Report Card Blues

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
*Dunning, John. ''On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. {{ISBN|0-19-507678-8}}
*Harmon, Jim. ''The Great Radio Comedians''. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media, 2007. {{ISBN|978-1-59393-111-7}}
*Rapp, Philip. ''The Baby Snooks Scripts''. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media, 2006. {{ISBN|1-59393-057-7}}
*Rapp, Philip. ''The Baby Snooks Scripts Vol. 2''. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media, 2007. {{ISBN|978-1-59393-094-3}}
*Sies, Luther F. ''Encyclopedia of American Radio 1920–1960''.  Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, 2000. {{ISBN|0-7864-0452-3}}
*Terrace, Vincent. ''The Radio's Golden Years: Encyclopedia of Radio Programs, 1930–1960.'' [[A. S. Barnes]], 1981. {{ISBN|0-498-02393-1}}

==Further reading==
* Rapp, Philip. The Baby Snooks Scripts. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media, 2003. {{ISBN|1-59393-057-7}}.

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111011012712/http://www.bickersons.com/index.html ''Baby Snooks'' official site] archived at the [[Wayback Machine]]
*[http://www.brice.nl/babysnooks.html Fanny Brice Collection: ''Baby Snooks'']
*[https://archive.org/details/chimesfromajest00burdgoog <!-- quote="story of rollo". --> Robert Jones Burdette's ''Chimes from a Jester's Bells'': "The Story of Rollo"]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Baby Snooks Show, The}}
[[Category:1930s American radio programs]]
[[Category:1930s in comedy]]
[[Category:1940s American radio programs]]
[[Category:American comedy radio programs]]
[[Category:Radio characters introduced in 1936]]
[[Category:1944 radio programme debuts]]
[[Category:CBS Radio programs]]
[[Category:NBC radio programs]]
[[Category:Female characters in radio]]