View source for Tayshet

{{Short description|Town in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2012}}
{{Infobox Russian town
|en_name=Tayshet
|ru_name=Тайшет
|image_skyline=North Tayshet.JPG
|image_caption=Tayshet
|coordinates = {{coord|55|57|N|98|01|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of arms of tayshet.png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Tayshet.png
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Irkutsk Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="IrkutskO_charter">Charter of Irkutsk Oblast</ref>
|adm_data_as_of=July 2013
|adm_district_jur=[[Tayshetsky District]]
|adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="IrkutskO_admlist" />
|adm_ctr_of=Tayshetsky District
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="IrkutskO_admlaw" />
|inhabloc_cat=Town
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="IrkutskO_charter" />
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=October 2013
|mun_district_jur=Tayshetsky Municipal District
|mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="IrkutskOTayshetskyD_mun" />
|urban_settlement_jur=Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement
|urban_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="IrkutskOTayshetskyD_mun" />
|mun_admctr_of1=Tayshetsky Municipal District
|mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="IrkutskOTayshetskyD_mun" />
|mun_admctr_of2=Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement
|mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="IrkutskOTayshetskyD_mun" />
|leader_title=Head
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="Head">[http://gorodtaishet.ru/ Official website of Tayshet] {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|leader_name=Alexander Zaika
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="Head" />
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=35485
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1897
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=<ref name="about"/>
|current_cat_date=1938
|current_cat_date_ref=<ref name="about"/>
|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=664802, 665000–665006, 665008–665010
|dialing_codes=39563
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://gorodtaishet.ru/
|website_ref=
|commonscat=Tayshet
|date=May 2010
}}

'''Tayshet''' ({{lang-rus|Тайшет|p=tɐjˈʂɛt}}, lit. ''cold river'' in the [[Kott language]]) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] and the [[administrative center]] of [[Tayshetsky District]] in [[Irkutsk Oblast]], [[Russia]], located {{convert|669|km|sp=us}} northwest of [[Irkutsk]], the administrative center of the [[oblast]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=35,485|p2002=38,535|p1989=42,391}}

==History==
It was founded in 1897 as a supply point and station on the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]] and was granted town status in 1938.<ref name="about">{{cite web|title=General Information|url=http://gorodtaishet.ru/index/istorija_goroda/0-239|publisher=Irkutsk Oblast|language=russian|access-date=September 3, 2017}}</ref>

During the 1930s–1950s, Tayshet was the center of administration for [[gulag]] labor camps [[Ozerlag]] and [[Angarstroy]]. Construction of the first section of the [[Baikal–Amur Mainline]] started in 1937 and was managed from here. According to some survivor accounts, between Tayshet and [[Bratsk]] there is "a dead man under every [[railroad tie|sleeper]]." Along with Japanese prisoners from the [[Kwantung Army]], German [[prisoner of war|prisoners of war]] formed a large proportion of the forced labor contingent, generally under a 25-year sentence, such as [[Dietrich von Saucken]]. Surviving German POWs were repatriated in autumn of 1955, after [[West Germany|West German]] [[Chancellor of Germany (1949–)|Chancellor]] [[Konrad Adenauer]]'s visit to [[Moscow]].

==Administrative and municipal status==
Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of administrative divisions]], Tayshet serves as the [[administrative center]] of [[Tayshetsky District]],<ref name="IrkutskO_admlaw">Law #49-OZ</ref> to which it is directly subordinated.<ref name="IrkutskO_admlist">''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast''</ref> As a [[subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|municipal division]], the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] of Tayshet is incorporated within Tayshetsky Municipal District as '''Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement'''.<ref name="IrkutskOTayshetskyD_mun">Law #100-oz</ref>

==Geography==
The town is located {{convert|669|km|sp=us}} northwest of [[Irkutsk]], the administrative center of the [[oblast]]. 
===Climate===
Tayshet has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfc'') bordering on a [[humid continental climate]] with warm, humid summers and severely cold, drier winters. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|-18.9|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|18.4|°C|1}}. Sunshine is generous and the area receives 2,150 hours of bright sunshine annually.

{{Infobox weather|width=auto
|location = Tayshet (1929−2012)
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|Jan record high C =  6.9
|Feb record high C =  9.9
|Mar record high C = 17.0
|Apr record high C = 27.8
|May record high C = 33.6
|Jun record high C = 36.2
|Jul record high C = 36.3
|Aug record high C = 35.7
|Sep record high C = 32.3
|Oct record high C = 24.6
|Nov record high C = 13.9
|Dec record high C =  9.0
| Jan high C = -13.9
| Feb high C = -10.0
| Mar high C =  -1.6
| Apr high C =  6.9
| May high C =  15.7
| Jun high C =  22.7
| Jul high C =  24.7
| Aug high C =  21.5
| Sep high C =  14.5
| Oct high C =   5.6
| Nov high C =  -5.3
| Dec high C = -12.7
|Jan mean C = -18.9
|Feb mean C = -16.2
|Mar mean C = -8.1
|Apr mean C =  1.2
|May mean C =  9.0
|Jun mean C = 15.9
|Jul mean C = 18.4
|Aug mean C = 15.2
|Sep mean C = 8.3
|Oct mean C = 0.6
|Nov mean C = -9.8
|Dec mean C = -17.3
|year mean C= 0.0
| Jan low C = -24.0
| Feb low C = -22.0
| Mar low C = -14.3
| Apr low C = -3.8
| May low C =  2.5
| Jun low C =  9.0
| Jul low C =  11.8
| Aug low C =  9.2
| Sep low C =  3.2
| Oct low C = -3.5
| Nov low C = -14.1
| Dec low C = -22.1
|Jan record low C = -50.0
|Feb record low C = −47.8
|Mar record low C = -41.8
|Apr record low C = -28.5
|May record low C = −10.3
|Jun record low C =  -5.3
|Jul record low C =  -0.5
|Aug record low C =  -3.9
|Sep record low C = -10.2
|Oct record low C = -32.6
|Nov record low C = -47.2
|Dec record low C = -48.9
|year high C =   5.8 |year low C = -5.5
|precipitation colour=green
| Jan precipitation mm =  16.5
| Feb precipitation mm =  12.9
| Mar precipitation mm =  12.6
| Apr precipitation mm =  22.5
| May precipitation mm =  35.2
| Jun precipitation mm =  48.9
| Jul precipitation mm =  74.4
| Aug precipitation mm =  73.8
| Sep precipitation mm =  45.4
| Oct precipitation mm =  33.1
| Nov precipitation mm =  25.9
| Dec precipitation mm =  22.6
|Jan sun = 74
|Feb sun = 117 
|Mar sun = 195 
|Apr sun = 224
|May sun = 263 
|Jun sun = 295
|Jul sun = 293 
|Aug sun = 249 
|Sep sun = 169 
|Oct sun = 110
|Nov sun = 66
|Dec sun = 49 
|Jan humidity = 79.9
|Feb humidity = 75.6
|Mar humidity = 66.8
|Apr humidity = 61.0
|May humidity = 56.9
|Jun humidity = 67.0
|Jul humidity = 74.0
|Aug humidity = 76.7
|Sep humidity = 73.7
|Oct humidity = 74.6
|Nov humidity = 78.2
|Dec humidity = 80.9
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 15.8
|Feb precipitation days = 12.4
|Mar precipitation days = 10.6
|Apr precipitation days = 11.4
|May precipitation days = 12.8
|Jun precipitation days = 12.6
|Jul precipitation days = 12.6
|Aug precipitation days = 14.1
|Sep precipitation days = 13.2
|Oct precipitation days = 14.3
|Nov precipitation days = 16.6
|Dec precipitation days = 17.2
|source 1 =[http://climatebase.ru/station/29594/?lang=en climatebase.ru] 
}}

==Transportation==
[[Tayshet railway station]] is a major railway junction. Here the [[Baikal–Amur Mainline]] begins, branching northeast from the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]]. This is also where the [[Abakan-Taishet Railway]] ends.  The town is also on the [[M53 highway (Russia)|M53 Highway]] (Moscow to Irkutsk).

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{RussiaBasicLawRef|irk}}
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|irk|adm|law}}
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|irk|mun|list|tayshetsky}}
*''[https://web.archive.org/web/20140502153853/http://www.irkobl.ru/government/local/atu/ Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast]'' {{in lang|ru}}

==External links==
*[http://gorodtaishet.ru/ Official website of Tayshet] {{in lang|ru}}
*[http://www.taishet.ru Unofficial website of Tayshet] {{in lang|ru}}

{{Irkutsk Oblast}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Irkutsk Oblast]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1897]]