View source for Tavisupleba

{{Short description|National anthem of Georgia}}
{{About|the [[national anthem]] of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]|the [[political party]]|Tavisupleba (political movement)}}
{{Infobox anthem
| title         = {{lang|ka|თავისუფლება}}
| transcription = {{Transliteration|ka|italic=no|Tavisupleba}}
| english_title = 'Freedom'
| image         = Georgia Anthem Music Sheet.InstrumentalSimple.svg
| image_size    = 
| caption       = Sheet music
| prefix        = National
| country       = Georgia
| composer      = [[Zacharia Paliashvili]]
| music_date    = 1923<br>[[Ioseb Kechakmadze]], 2004
| author        = [[David Magradze]]
| adopted       = {{Start date and age|2004|05|20|df=yes}}
| predecessor   = "[[Dideba]]"
| sound         = Tavisupleba vocal.ogg
| sound_title   = Official orchestral and choral vocal rendition in [[B-flat major]]}}
{{listen
| type         = music
| filename     = Anthem of Georgia in Abkhazian.ogg
| title        = Official orchestral and choral vocal recording in Abkhaz
| description  = From the Government of Georgia's Agenda.ge English-language news platform
| filename2    = Tavisupleba instrumental.ogg
| title2       = Official orchestral instrumental recording
| description2 = Old recording from the website of the President of Georgia
| filename3    = Georgian national anthem.oga
| title3       = U.S. Navy Band instrumental rendition
| description3 = }}
{{National anthems of Georgia}}

"'''{{Transliteration|ka|italic=no|Tavisupleba}}'''" ({{lang-ka|თავისუფლება}}, {{IPA|ka|tʰavisupʰleba|pron}}; {{lit|Freedom}}) is the [[national anthem]] of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. It was adopted as the Georgian national anthem in May 2004, along with a new national [[Flag of Georgia (country)|flag]] and [[Coat of arms of Georgia (country)|coat of arms]]. The symbols' change was brought about upon the successful overthrow of the previous government in the bloodless [[Rose Revolution]]. The music, taken from the Georgian operas ''[[Abesalom da Eteri]]'' ("Abesalom and Eteri") and ''Daisi'' ("The Nightfall"), by the Georgian composer [[Zacharia Paliashvili]] ({{lang-ka|ზაქარია ფალიაშვილი}}), was adapted by [[Ioseb Kechakmadze]] ({{lang-ka|იოსებ კეჭაყმაძე}}) to form the anthem. The lyrics were composed by [[David Magradze]] ({{lang-ka|დავით მაღრაძე}}).

== History ==
The current Georgian national anthem was adopted by the [[Parliament of Georgia]] on 20 May 2004,<ref>Parliament of Georgia. The Constitutional Law on the National Anthem of Georgia ([http://www.parliament.ge/index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_id=69&kan_det=det&kan_id=3 No 72-2s]; საქართველოს ორგანული კანონი "საქართველოს სახელმწიფო ჰიმნის შესახებ"). Retrieved April 4, 2006 .</ref> exactly five months after the resignation of President [[Eduard Shevardnadze]] in the [[Rose Revolution]]. A bill was introduced in the first plenary meeting of the sixth convocation of the Georgian Parliament on 22 April 2004. The bill to adopt "Tavisupleba" as Georgia's national anthem was presented by the Minister of Culture Giorgi Gabashvili; in which the music was played for the deputies soon afterwards.<ref>Parliament of Georgia [http://intranet.parliament.ge/newsletter/english/2004/27.04.2004/pr_rel_1.htm The First Plenary Meeting of Parliament] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930024451/http://intranet.parliament.ge/newsletter/english/2004/27.04.2004/pr_rel_1.htm |date=2007-09-30 }}. April 22, 2004. Retrieved April 3, 2006.</ref> The law does not give any regulations, but refers to the corresponding Presidential Decree.

"Tavisupleba" succeeded the old national anthem "[[Dideba]]", which was in use by the [[Democratic Republic of Georgia]] from 1918 to 1921, and again by the newly independent (from the Soviet Union) Georgia from 1990 to 2004.

The new national anthem quickly gained popularity in contrast to its predecessor, whose lyrics were somewhat archaic and difficult to memorize.

During U.S. President [[George W. Bush]]'s visit to Georgia in May 2005, he along with [[President of Georgia|President]] [[Mikheil Saakashvili]] was addressing tens of thousands of Georgians in [[Freedom Square, Tbilisi]] when a recording of "Tavisupleba" failed to play properly. Saakashvili then motioned to the choirs, and thousands in the crowd joined the singers in singing it, a moment which was described by media as "the most powerful moment of the day".<ref>''The [[Washington Times]]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20050514070405/http://www.washtimes.com:80/national/20050511-121124-2665r.htm "Bush praises Georgians", by Joseph Curl]. May 11, 2005. Retrieved April 4, 2006.</ref>

== Music ==
The music of "Tavisupleba" was adapted from two Georgian operas, ''[[Abesalom da Eteri]]'' (1918) and ''[[Daisi]]'' (1923), composed by [[Zacharia Paliashvili]], the father of the Georgian [[European classical music|classical music]] genre.

== Lyrics ==
=== Georgian original ===
{| class="wikitable"
![[Georgian script]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=სახელმწიფო სიმბოლოები|url=https://www.president.gov.ge/geo/saqartvelo/sakhelmcifo-simboloebi.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706223057/https://www.president.gov.ge/geo/saqartvelo/sakhelmcifo-simboloebi.aspx|archive-date=2019-07-06|access-date=2022-01-20|website=საქართველოს პრეზიდენტის ვებ-გვერდი}}</ref><ref>[http://gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=eng&sec_id=58 „თავისუფლება“]. ''Government of Georgia''.</ref>
![[Romanization of Georgian|Latin script]]
![[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA transcription]]{{efn|See [[Help:IPA/Georgian]] and [[Georgian language#Phonology|Georgian language § Phonology]].}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap"
|<poem>{{lang|ka|ჩემი ხატია სამშობლო,
სახატე მთელი ქვეყანა,
განათებული მთა-ბარი,
წილნაყარია ღმერთთანა.

თავისუფლება დღეს ჩვენი
მომავალს უმღერს დიდებას,
ცისკრის ვარსკვლავი ამოდის
ამოდის და ორ ზღვას შუა ბრწყინდება,

და დიდება თავისუფლებას,
თავისუფლებას დიდება!}}</poem>
|<poem>{{Transliteration|ka|italic=no|Chemi khat’ia samshoblo,
Sakhat’e mteli kveq'ana,
Ganatebuli mta-bari
Ts’ilnaq'aria Ghmerttana.

Tavisupleba dghes chveni
Momavals umghers didebas,
Tsisk’ris varsk’vlavi amodis
Amodis da or zghvas shua brts’q'indeba,

Da dideba tavisuplebas,
Tavisuplebas dideba!}}</poem>
|<poem>{{IPA|wrap=none|[t͡ʃʰe̞.mi χä.tʼi.ä säm.ʃo̞.bɫo̞]
[sä.χä.tʼe̞‿m.tʰe̞.li kʰʷe̞.qʼä.nä {{!}}]
[ɡ̊ä.nä.tʰe̞.bu.li‿m.tʰä b̥ä.ɾi]
[t͡sʼiɫ.nä.q’ä.ɾi.ä ʁme̞ɾtʰ.tʰä.nä ‖]

[tʰä.βi.su.pʰle̞.bä d̥ʁe̞s t͡ʃʰʷe̞.ni]
[mo̞.mä.βäɫs um.ʁe̞ɾs d̥i.de̞.bäs {{!}}]
[t͡sʰis.k’ɾis βäɾs.kʼʷɫä.βi ä.mo̞.dis]
[ä.mo̞.dis d̥ä o̞ɾ zʁʷäs ʃu.ä b̥ɾ̩t͡sʼ.qʼin.de̞.bä {{!}}]

[d̥ä d̥i.de̞.bä tʰä.βi.su.pʰle̞.bäs]
[tʰä.βi.su.pʰle̞.bäs d̥i.de̞.bä ‖]}}</poem>
|}

=== Abkhaz version ===
{| class="wikitable"
![[Abkhaz alphabet|Cyrillic script]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ABK&sec_id=58|title=АҲӘЫНҬҚААРРАТӘ ХЬЫӠРАШӘА|website=ҚЫРҬТӘЫЛA AИҲAБЫРA|access-date=27 August 2020}}</ref>
![[Abkhaz alphabet|Latin script]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap"
|<poem>{{lang|ab|Ашәа азаҳҳәоит ҳныха, ҳаԥсадгьыл
Иҳазгәакьоу, иԥшьоу ҳтәыла.
Мрала ирлашоуп ҳа ҳадгьыл,
Уи азоуп изахьӡу амратәыла.

Иахьа иҳамоу ахақәиҭра
Ашәа азаҳҳәоит гәырӷьа бжьыла,
Аеҵәа ҩ-мшынк рыбжьара
Икаԥхоит Анцәа имч ала,

Иныҳәазааит ахақәиҭра,
Ахақәиҭра амч-алша.}}</poem>
|<poem>{{Transliteration|ab|italic=no|Ašwa azahhwoiṭ hnyxa, hapsadgjyl
Ihazgwaḳjou, ipšjou hṭwyla.
Mrala irlašouṗ ha hadgjyl,
Ui azouṗ izaxjdzu amraṭwyla.

Iaxja ihamou axakwitra
Ašwa azahhwoiṭ gwyrġja bzjyla,
Aeċwa ẇ-mšynḳ rybzjara
Iḳapxoiṭ Ancwa imč ala,

Inyhwazaaiṭ axakwitra,
Axakwitra amč-alša.}}</poem>
|}

=== English translation ===
:My icon is the homeland
:It draws the entire country,
:It lights up the plains and mountains,
:It is shared with God.

:Freedom is ours today.
:Sing glory to the future,
:The morning star rises.
:It rises and shines between two seas.

:And glory to freedom,
:Glory to freedom!<ref>[https://www.gov.ge/en/state-symbols "Freedom"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171347/https://www.gov.ge/en/state-symbols |date=2022-09-20 }} translated by the [[Cabinet of Georgia|Government of Georgia]].</ref>

== Regulations ==
According to the Regulations for the [[Parliament of Georgia]], Chapter 3, Article 4.5., the national anthem of Georgia is played at the opening and closing of each session. It is also performed following the signing of the Oath of the Parliamentarian after the Parliament recognizes the authority of at least two-thirds of its newly elected members (Chapter 25, Article 124.7). The anthem is also played prior to the annual report of the President of Georgia to the Parliament.<ref>Parliament of Georgia: [http://www.parliament.ge/files/70_52_379565_3353-rs.pdf Regulations for the Parliament] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060625183350/http://www.parliament.ge/files/70_52_379565_3353-rs.pdf |date=2006-06-25}} (საქართველოს პარლამენტის რეგლამენტი). ([[PDF]], 430 KB). Retrieved on April 4, 2006.</ref>

[[Georgian Public Broadcaster]] airs a music video version of the anthem, featuring opera singer [[Paata Burchuladze]].<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/nZ2HacrtfVE Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20100818163140/http://www.youtube.com//watch?v=nZ2HacrtfVE Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZ2HacrtfVE| title = Georgian national anthem | website=[[YouTube]]| date = 27 September 2006 }}{{cbignore}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons|Tavisupleba}}
{{Wikisource|Tavisupleba}}
{{Wikisourcelang||თავისუფლება}}
* {{in lang|ka}} [[Parliament of Georgia]] [http://www.parliament.ge/files/328_2284_682821_himni.pdf Lyrics]
* {{in lang|ka}} [[President of Georgia]] [http://www.president.gov.ge/en/Georgia/Symbols Lyrics and media] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151024223917/http://www.president.gov.ge/en/Georgia/Symbols |date=2015-10-24 }}
* [http://nationalanthems.me/georgia-tavisupleba/ Georgia: ''Tavisupleba'' - Audio of the national anthem of Georgia, with information and lyrics] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20180209021318/http://nationalanthems.me/georgia-tavisupleba/ archive link])
* [http://georgianwines.blogspot.com/2007/05/tavisupleba-georgian-national-anthem.html "Tavisupleba: The Georgian National Anthem," ''From the Cradle of Wine'']
* [http://imslp.org/wiki/Tavisupleba_%28Paliashvili,_Zakharia%29 Sheet music] - SATB and Piano score of ''Tavisupleba'' on [http://imslp.org/wiki/Main_Page IMSLP]

{{National Anthems of Europe}}
{{National Anthems of Asia}}
{{Symbols of Georgia (country)}}
{{Georgia (country) topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:National anthems]]
[[Category:National symbols of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Georgian words and phrases]]
[[Category:European anthems]]
[[Category:Asian anthems]]
[[Category:Compositions by Zacharia Paliashvili]]
[[Category:Compositions in B-flat major]]