View source for Tanwir al-Miqbas

{{Short description|Tafsir falsely attributed to Ibn al-Abbas, said to be collected by Firuzabadi}}
{{italic title}}
{{infobox book
| name              = Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas
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| caption           =
| author            = [[Firuzabadi]] (compiler)
| title_orig        = تنوير المقباس من تفسير ابن عباس
| orig_lang_code    = ar
| country           = 
| language          = [[Arabic]]
| genre             = [[Tafsir]] (interpretation and [[exegesis]] of the [[Qur'an]])
| pub_date          = 
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}}

'''Tanwir al-Miqbas''', fully known as '''Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas''' ({{Langx|ar|تنوير المقباس من تفسير ابن عباس|translit=Tanwīr al-Miqbās min Tafsīr Ibn ʿAbbās}}) is a book of [[Tafsir]]; comprising [[exegesis]] and [[Quranic hermeneutics|interpretation]] of the [[Qur'an]]. The book contains narrations of disputed authenticity which are attributed to the 7th-century Islamic scholar and [[Sahabi]], [[Ibn Abbas]]. It was first compiled by the [[Persians|Persian]] Islamic scholar, [[Firuzabadi]].
== History and content ==
Tanwir al-Miqbas is a compilation of narrations regarding [[exegesis]] and interpretation of the [[Qur'an]] that are attributed to [[Ibn Abbas]], of varying authenticity.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dahabi |first=Muhammad Husayn al- |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8AMaywEACAAJ |title=Al-tafsir wa-l-mufassirun: baht tafsili 'an nas'at al-tafsir... |date=1976 |publisher=Dar Ihya' al-Turat al-`Arabi |language=ar}}</ref> These narrations were first copied down and then collected by the scholar [[Firuzabadi]] who subsequently published a complete compilation of these narrations all into one book.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Bilal Phillips |first=Abu Ameenah |title=Usool at-Tafseer |date=2007 |publisher=International Islamic Publishing House |isbn=9789960953328 |location=Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |pages=31–32}}</ref> The content in this book is considered atypical for a Tafsir work, especially one attributed to a [[Sahabi]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Manna' al-Qattan |title=Mabahith fi Ulum al-Qur'an |publisher=Maktaba'l Dawah}}</ref> 
== Authenticity ==
A good number of Islamic scholars have clarified that the narrations in the book cannot be authentically attributed to [[Ibn Abbas]]. Dr. Mokrane Guezzou, who first translated the Tanwir al-Miqbas book into English, says the following in the introduction of the work:<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Guezzou |first=Mokrane |url=https://archive.org/details/TafsirIbnAbbasInEnglish |title=Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas: Translated into English |publisher=Royal Aal Al Bayt Institute For Islamic Thought |year=2008 |location=Amman, Jordan |pages=5–6}}</ref>
{{blockquote|There is no doubt that this commentary is not the work of Ibn Abbas. The chain of transmitters of this commentary goes back to Muḥammad ibn Marwan, to [[Ibn al-Kalbi|al-Kalbi]], to Abu Salih, which is described by Hadith experts as the chain of lies (Silsilat al-Kadhib), for this line of transmission is utterly dubious and unreliable.}}
[[Taqi Usmani]], in his work ''Uloomu-l-Qur'an'', agrees that Tanwir al-Miqbas cannot be attributed to Ibn Abbas and also comments on the unreliability of the chain of transmission of the narrations in the book:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mufti Taqi Usmani |title=Uloomu-l-Quran |publisher=Darul Ishaat |year=2016 |isbn=9789694281797 |location=Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan |language=Urdu}}</ref>
{{blockquote|It is wrong to ascribe it to Ibn Abbas because this book has been based on the reported sequence of Muhammad ibn Marwan as-Suddi from [[Ibn al-Kalbi]] from Abi Salih from Ibn Abbas (R) ... this has been regarded by the Muḥaddithīn as a "chain of falsehood."}}
[[Bilal Philips]] in Usool at-Tafseer states that Tanwir al-Miqbas cannot be relied upon, due to it having [[Ibn al-Kalbi]] in the chain of transmission.<ref name=":0" />
{{blockquote|Nearly all of the so-called "Tafsir" of Ibn Abbas is based on statements narrated in chains containing Muhammad ibn as-Sa'ib al-Kalbi. Hence, this tafseer is considered unreliable for the most part; and, despite its popularity among the masses, it is totally rejected by Muslim scholars.}}
Phillips then added that, [[Ibn al-Kalbi]] was accused of making up [[Hadith]] (narrations from [[Muhammad]] or his companions, the [[Sahaba]]) hence Tanwir al-Miqbas cannot be an authentic work from Ibn Abbas himself.<ref name=":0" />

Abdul-Rahim Reasat, on authority of [[Faraz Rabbani]], stated that Tanwir al-Miqbas could not be relied upon, due to problematic narrators in the chain of transmission:<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 April 2024 |title=What Is the Reliability of the Tafsir Tanwir Al-Miqbas? |url=https://seekersguidance.org/answers/hanafi-fiqh/what-is-the-reliability-of-the-tafsir-tanwir-al-miqbas/ |website=Seekers Guidance}}</ref>
{{blockquote|The tafsir in question uses the narrations of al-Suddi al-Saghir from al-Kalbi – which are the weakest and most problematic narrations of tafsir ascribed to him.}}
== See also ==
*[[Tafsir Ibnu Abbas]] which is another book of Tafsir that is attributed to Ibn Abbas 
*[[Tafsir Ibn Kathir]]
*[[Tafsir al-Tabari]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Tafsir}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tanwir Al-Miqbas}}
[[Category:Sunni tafsir|Tanwir al-Miqbas]]
[[Category:Books about Islam]]
[[Category:Quran translations]]
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