View source for Tambov Oblast

{{Short description|First-level administrative division of Russia}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox Russian federal subject
|en_name=Tambov Oblast
|ru_name=Тамбовская область
|image_map=Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Tambov Oblast.svg
|coordinates={{Coord|52|43|12|N|41|27|11|E|type:adm1st_region:RU-TAM|display=inline,title}}
|image_coa=Coat of arms of Tambov Oblast.svg
|coa_caption=[[Coat of arms of Tambov Oblast|Coat of arms]]
|image_flag=Flag of Tambov Oblast.svg
|flag_caption=[[Flag of Tambov Oblast|Flag]]
|anthem="[[Farewell of Slavianka#Tambov Oblast anthem|Farewell of Slavianka]]"<br />{{center|[[File:AGAPKIN "Farewell to a Slavic Woman" - "The President's Own" U.S. Marine Band.ogg]]}}
|anthem_ref=
|holiday
|holiday_ref
|political_status=Oblast
|political_status_link=Oblasts of Russia
|federal_district=[[Central Federal District|Central]]
|economic_region=[[Central Black Earth economic region|Central Black Earth]]
|adm_ctr_type=Administrative center
|adm_ctr_name=[[Tambov]]
|adm_ctr_ref=<ref name="AdmCtr">Charter of Tambov Oblast, Article&nbsp;5</ref>
|pop_2021census=982991
|pop_2021census_rank=52nd
|urban_pop_2010census=58.7%
|rural_pop_2010census=41.3%
|pop_2021census_ref=<ref name=2021census>{{cite web |title=Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx |publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]] |access-date=1 September 2022}}</ref>
|pop_density
|pop_density_as_of
|pop_density_ref
|pop_latest=1068934
|pop_latest_date=January 2014
|pop_latest_ref=<ref name="2014Est">Tambov Oblast Territorial Branch of the [[Russian Federal State Statistics Service|Federal State Statistics Service]]. [http://tmb.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/tmb/resources/63829700432d65d2b378b7fcdfaee759/ocenka-01012014.pdf Оценка численности постоянного населения на 1 января 2014 г. и в среднем за 2013 г. и компоненты её изменения (человек)] {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|area_km2=34462
|area_km2_rank=63rd
|area_km2_ref
|established_date=September&nbsp;27, 1937
|established_date_ref=<ref name="Established">Charter of Tambov Oblast, Article&nbsp;2</ref>
|license_plates=68
|ISO=RU-TAM
|gov_as_of=Nov 2016
|leader_title=[[Head of Tambov Oblast|Acting Head]]
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadTitle">Charter of Tambov Oblast, Article&nbsp;66</ref>
|leader_name=[[Yevgeny Pervyshov]]
|legislature=[[Tambov Oblast Duma|Oblast Duma]]
|legislature_ref=<ref name="Legis">Charter of Tambov Oblast, Article&nbsp;49</ref>
|website=[http://www.tambov.gov.ru/ www.tambov.gov.ru] |website_ref
|date=November 2016
}}

'''Tambov Oblast''' ({{langx|ru|Тамбо́вская о́бласть|Tambovskaya oblastʹ}}) is a [[federal subjects of Russia|federal subject]] of [[Russia]] (an [[oblast]]). Its [[administrative center]] is the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|city]] of [[Tambov]]. As of the [[Russian Census (2010)|2010 Census]], its population was&nbsp;1,091,994.<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>

==Geography==
Tambov Oblast is situated in a [[forest steppe]]. It borders the [[Ryazan Oblast|Ryazan]], [[Penza Oblast|Penza]], [[Saratov Oblast|Saratov]], [[Voronezh Oblast|Voronezh]] and [[Lipetsk Oblast|Lipetsk]] oblasts.

==History==
The oldest known population of the Tambov region, the [[Mordovians]]-[[Mokshas|Moksha]], formed as a nation of local ethnic groups from the 6th century BC. The first Russian settlers arrived in the [[Kievan Rus'|pre-Mongol period]], but the final settlement occurred in the 17th century. To protect the southern borders of Russia from the raids of the Tatars, and to further develop the [[Central Black Earth Region|Black Soil region]], the Russian government built the walled cities of [[Michurinsk|Kozlov]] (1635) and [[Tambov]] (1636). The cities protected the main path of nomad raids on Russian land and paved the way for a quick settlement of the region.

[[Kozlovsky Uyezd]] originally existed in the Tambov area. In the course of the administrative reforms of Peter the Great in 1708 and 1719, it became part of [[Azov Governorate]]. New administrative divisions established the [[Tambov Viceroyalty]] in 1779 and from 1796 [[Tambov Governorate]], with an area of 66.5 thousand km<sup>2</sup> divided into 12 [[uyezd]]s. With almost no change to its boundaries, the Governorate remained in existence until 1928.

An attempt to establish Soviet control over the Tambov area led to the defeat and execution of "Red Sonya" (Sofia Nukhimovna Gel'berg) in the spring of 1918.<ref>
{{cite book |url=http://www.rummuseum.ru/lib_s/senn23.php |script-title=ru:Тамбовское восстание 1918-1921 гг. и раскрестьянивание России 1929-1933 гг. |last1=Сенников |first1=Б. В. |website=Румянцевский музей |publisher=Посев |location=Moscow |isbn=5-85824-152-2 |date=2004 |editor-last=Румянцев |editor-first=Вячеслав |series=Библиотечка россиеведения |language=ru |trans-title=The Tambov rebellion of 1918-1921 and de-peasantisation of Russia 1929-1933 |access-date=2014-02-09 |quote=Гельберг С.Н. ("Красная Соня") (?-1918). Акушерка. Командир летучего отряда Красной гвардии, действовавшего на территории Тамбовской губернии весной 1918 г., в задачу которого входило насаждение советской власти. Отряд "Красной Сони" отличался жестокостью, его появление сопровождалось многочисленными грабежами населения. Отряд был разбит крестьянами. Сама "Красная Соня" была казнена по приговору нескольких волостей губернии.}}
</ref>

During the [[Russian Civil War]], an anti-Bolshevik uprising, the [[Tambov Rebellion]], broke out in Tambov Governorate in 1920–1921.

Tambov Oblast was finally created from the [[Voronezh Oblast|Voronezh]] and [[Samara Oblast]]s on September&nbsp;27, 1937. The oblast attained its present form after the separation of [[Penza Oblast]] (formerly part of Kuybyshev before joining Tambov) on February&nbsp;4, 1939.

==Administrative divisions==
{{Main|Administrative divisions of Tambov Oblast}}

==Politics==
The acting head of the administration of the Tambov Oblast since 4 October 2021 and [[Head of Tambov Oblast|Head of the Tambov Oblast]] since 20 September 2022 is Maxim Yegorov.

Elections to the Regional Duma were held from 17 to 19 September 2021. 25 seats were distributed by party lists and 25 by single-member constituencies. The seats at the end of the elections were distributed as follows:
* [[United Russia]] — 42
* [[Rodina (political party)|Rodina]] — 3
* [[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]] — 3
* [[Liberal Democratic Party of Russia]] — 1
* [[A Just Russia]] — 1

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|type =
|footnote = Source: Census data, estimate<ref name=2025Estimate>{{cite web|title=Предварительная оценка численности постоянного населения  на 1 января 2025 года|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/PrPopul2025_Site.xlsx|publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]]|accessdate=3 February 2025}}</ref>
|[[Russian_Empire_census|1897]] | 2684030
|[[1926 Soviet census|1926]] | 2726914
|[[1959 Soviet census|1959]] | 1549001
|[[1970 Soviet census|1970]] | 1511938
|[[1979 Soviet census|1979]] | 1390048
|[[1989 Soviet census|1989]] | 1320763
|[[2002 Russian census|2002]] | 1178443
|[[2010 Russian census|2010]] | 1091994
|[[2021 Russian census|2021]] | 982991
|2025 | 946010
}}
'''Population''': {{ru-census|p2021=982,991|p2010=1,091,994|p2002=1,178,443|p1989=1,320,763}}

'''Vital statistics for 2024:<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2025 |title=Естественное движение населения в разрезе субъектов российской федерации за декабрь 2024 года |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/EDN_12-2024.htm |access-date=25 February 2025 |website=Rosstat}}</ref>'''
*Births: 5,854 (6.2 per 1,000)
*Deaths: 15,095 (15.9 per 1,000)

'''Total fertility rate (2024):<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-25 |title=Рейтинг рождаемости в регионах: кто в лидерах, а кто в аутсайдерах {{!}} Москва |url=https://fedpress.ru/article/3365231 |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=ФедералПресс |language=ru-RU}}</ref>''' <br />
1.16 children per woman

'''Life expectancy (2021):'''<ref name="rosstat">{{cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207 |title=Демографический ежегодник России |publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service of Russia]] (Rosstat) |access-date=2022-06-01 |language=ru |trans-title=The Demographic Yearbook of Russia}}</ref>  <br />
Total — 69.88 years (male&nbsp;— 65.41, female&nbsp;— 74.33)

;Ethnic composition (2010)<ref name="2010Census" />
*[[Russians]]: 97%
*[[Ukrainians]]: 0.7%
*[[Armenians]]: 0.4%
*[[Romani people]]: 0.4%
*Others: 1.5%
*22,708 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.<ref>[http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936 News] perepis-2010.ru {{dead link|date=February 2024}}</ref>

===Settlements===
{{Largest cities
| country      = Tambov Oblast
| stat_ref     = 2010 Russian Census
| list_by_pop  =
| div_name     =
| div_link     = Administrative divisions of Tambov Oblast{{!}}Administrative Division
| city_1 = Tambov
| div_1 = Tambovsky District, Tambov Oblast{{!}}Tambovsky District
| pop_1 = 280,161
| img_1 = Город Тамбов.jpg
| city_2 = Michurinsk
| div_2 = Michurinsky District
| pop_2 = 98,758
| img_2 = Michurinsk MichurinSquare 0539c.jpg
| city_3 = Rasskazovo
| div_3 = Rasskazovsky District
| pop_3 = 45,484
| img_3 = Tserkov Ioanna Bogoslova.jpg
| city_4 = Morshansk
| div_4 = Morshansky District
| pop_4 = 41,556
| img_4 = Morshansk (Tambov Oblast) 03-2014 img05 Trinity Cathedral.jpg
| city_5 = Kotovsk, Russia{{!}}Kotovsk
| div_5 = Kotovsk, Russia{{!}}Town of oblast significance of Kotovsk
| pop_5 = 31,850
| city_6 = Uvarovo, Tambov Oblast{{!}}Uvarovo
| div_6 = Uvarovsky District
| pop_6 = 26,830
| city_7 = Stroitel, Tambov Oblast{{!}}Stroitel
| div_7 = Tambovsky District, Tambov Oblast{{!}}Tambovsky District
| pop_7 = 18,437
| city_8 = Kirsanov
| div_8 = Kirsanovsky District
| pop_8 = 17,224
| city_9 = Zherdevka, Tambov Oblast{{!}}Zherdevka
| div_9 = Zherdevsky District
| pop_9 = 15,209
| city_10 = Pervomaysky, Pervomaysky District, Tambov Oblast{{!}}Pervomaysky
| div_10 = Pervomaysky District, Tambov Oblast{{!}}Pervomaysky District
| pop_10 = 12,654
}}

===Religion===
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in Tambov Oblast as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas">[http://sreda.org/en/arena "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia"]. Sreda, 2012.</ref><ref name="2012Arena-religion-maps">[http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps]. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170421154615/http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg Archived].</ref>
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodoxy]]|DarkOrchid|78.4}}
{{Bar percent|Other [[Christianity in Russia|Christians]]|DeepSkyBlue|1}}
{{Bar percent|[[Spiritual but not religious]]|DarkSlateGray|6.7}}
{{Bar percent|[[Atheism]] and [[irreligion]]|Black|10}}
{{Bar percent|Other and undeclared|Gray|3.9}}
}}

According to a 2012 survey,<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas" /> 78.4% of the population of Tambov Oblast adheres to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]], making it the federal subject with the highest percentage of this religion in the whole country. In addition, 1% are [[nondenominational Christianity|unaffiliated]] generic [[Christians]], 7% of the population declares to be "[[spiritual but not religious]]", 10% is [[atheism|atheist]], and 3.6% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas"/>
{{clear}}

==Economy==
[[Southeastern Railway (Russia)|Southeastern Railway]] passes through [[Michurinsk]] and connects the central regions with the southern regions. Breeding cattle, sheep, pig, and chicken is a product of [[animal husbandry]].

==See also==
*[[List of Chairmen of the Tambov Oblast Duma]]

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{Cite Russian law|ru_entity=Тамбовская областная Дума|ru_type=Закон|ru_number=27-З|ru_date=24 мая 2002 г.|ru_title=О гимне Тамбовской области|ru_effective_date=со дня официального опубликования (15 июня 2002 г.)|ru_published_in="Тамбовская жизнь", №115 (22559)|ru_published_date=15 июня 2002 г|ru_url=|ru_amendment_type=Закона|ru_amendment_number=378-З|ru_amendment_date=10 февраля 2014 г.|ru_amendment_title=О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Тамбовской области по вопросам использования официальных символов Тамбовской области|en_entity=Tambov Oblast Duma|en_type=Law|en_number=27-Z|en_date=May&nbsp;24, 2002|en_title=On the Anthem of Tambov Oblast|en_effective_date=the day of the official publication (June&nbsp;15, 2002)|en_url=|en_amendment_type=Law|en_amendment_number=378-Z|en_amendment_date=February&nbsp;10, 2014|en_amendment_title=On Amending Various Legislative Acts of Tambov Oblast on the Issues of Using the Official Symbols of Tambov Oblast}}
*{{RussiaBasicLawRef|tam}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{In lang|ru|cap=yes}} [http://www.tambov.gov.ru/ Official website of Tambov Oblast]
* {{In lang|ru|cap=yes}} [http://fototambov.krav.ru/ Photos of Tambov and Tambov Oblast]
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Tambov (government) | volume= 26 |last1= Kropotkin |first1= Peter Alexeivitch |author1-link= Peter Kropotkin| last2= Bealby |first2= John Thomas| page = 388 |short= 1}}

{{Subdivisions of Russia}}
{{Tambov Oblast}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Tambov Oblast| ]]
[[Category:Oblasts of Russia]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1937]]