View source for Talk:GABA

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== GABA and the blood brain barrier ==

I tweaked some of {{user|Amaher}}'s recent edits. Using a 1971 article to criticize a 2008 article seems like textbook [[WP:OR|original research]]. I'm curious as to whether the 1971 paper, {{PMID|5569303}}, discusses the effects mentioned in the [http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/79/2/511 1999 ''Phys Review'' article] which discusses GABA affecting the PeV ([[periventricular nucleus]]) when injected systematically. The relevant quote from the 1999 article:<blockquote>These and other findings led to the proposition that GABA and its analogs only affect the PeV brain areas, including the SS elements, when injected centrally, without impinging on more distant brain structures in which the GHRH-secreting neurons are located (see sect. IIIA2). These areas, which have no effective BBB, can be reached by drugs such as systemically injected GABA and its analogs or antagonists, which normally do not cross the BBB. Therefore, GABA-mimetic lower GH by inhibiting GHRH-secreting structures (see Ref. 748 for further details).</blockquote> I'll admit I'm no expert in this subject, and I certainly haven't closely read that entire article, but this quote does seem to support the sentence I used ([http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gamma-Aminobutyric_acid&diff=next&oldid=348883265 my diff]). [[User:ImperfectlyInformed|<span style="font-family: Times">II</span>]] | ([[User_talk:ImperfectlyInformed|t]] - [[Special:Contributions/ImperfectlyInformed|c]]) 02:22, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

:The 1971 paper discusses a generalised investigation of the penetration of exogenous GABA into the brain using radiolabel tracers. It was certainly not being used to "criticize a 2008 article". I put that ref in there as a response to someone putting a citation needed tag. I have restructured the para for clarity. What do you think? cheers, --[[User:Amaher|Amaher]] ([[User talk:Amaher|talk]]) 02:45, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

::Your revision looks great, thanks. I do think the 1971 paper was being used to criticize the 2008 study as questionable, but it's not a big deal - I'm not trying to criticize you, just wanted to clarify the original research policy. By the way, can we put the references after the commas? This is more common in Wikipedia and journals (with notable exceptions) and I think it looks a lot cleaner. [[User:ImperfectlyInformed|<span style="font-family: Times">II</span>]] | ([[User_talk:ImperfectlyInformed|t]] - [[Special:Contributions/ImperfectlyInformed|c]]) 02:57, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

:::done--[[User:Amaher|Amaher]] ([[User talk:Amaher|talk]]) 03:12, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

::::Sweet, thanks. I apologize for the OR comment; I see that you were just inserting the ref and didn't add the language (which was [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gamma-Aminobutyric_acid&diff=268427254&oldid=265712521 added a while ago]). However, I'm sure you can see how it looked like OR. [[User:ImperfectlyInformed|<span style="font-family: Times">II</span>]] | ([[User_talk:ImperfectlyInformed|t]] - [[Special:Contributions/ImperfectlyInformed|c]]) 07:08, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

I'm no expert but this seems to suggest it does cross the BBB: "Blood studies. There is some evidence to suggest that plasma GABA levels reflect brain GABA activity (34). For example, GABA 
levels in plasma have been reported to be almost identical to levels
in CSF (35), suggesting that there is no active gradient between these two compartments. Furthermore, pharmacological manipulations change both plasma and brain GABA levels in similar magnitude
(36,37). In addition, studies that measured plasma and CSF GABA simultaneously showed a significant correlation between the two in rats (38), dogs (39), and healthy humans (40). Berrettini and
colleagues (41) reported a correlation (r = 0.34) between plasma and CSF GABA levels in a small group of euthymic bipolar patients (n = 10) but it did not reach statistical significance. This might have
been due to a type II error because of the small sample size. Likewise, plasma and CSF GABA failed to correlate significantly in a group of 4 1 patients with various neurological disorders (42). However,
abnormalities of GABA function occur in a variety of neurological diseases and these conditions may also be associated with abnormalities in the blood-brain barrier, therefore complicating the relationship
between blood and brain GABA (10)." p. 1291 GABA Function in Mood Disorders: An Update and Critical Review. Life Sciences, Vol. 63. No. 15. 1998 [[User:Housecarl|Housecarl]] ([[User talk:Housecarl|talk]]) 19:18, 20 August 2011 (UTC)

It appears this needs to be changed, or at least clarified. For instance, even the most cursory of searches yields the following from PMID: 11849830 "... administration of GABA (600 mg/kg body weight [b. wt.]) alone increased brain GABA concentration (33%, p < 0.01)" 
Unless it is a convoluted second messenger in its own production, this does not seem ambiguous. Thus, I've added a citation needed to the exact section. [[User:Jdoelder|Jdoelder]] ([[User talk:Jdoelder|talk]]) 19:18, 9 December 2014 (UTC)

== GABA via Sublingual Administration ==

If I put a sublingual GABA tablet under my tongue, will it cross the blood-brain barrier? I used a product called PharmaGABA that I purchased from Whole Foods (no spam intended, just trying to setup the context of my question) and it made me feel like I wanted to roll over and take a nap, so I did. That was about 700mg. I have done the same thing today, about an hour before typing this, and feel a calming effect, but also took another Rx so I cannot say for sure. Can someone do a section about routes of administration and how to get GABA to cross the blood-brain barrier? Apparently this product PharmaGABA has molecules that are pure and small enough that allow it to cross the barrier, or so it asserts. I am wondering if there is anyone that can comment or spark some conversation on this because I really don't feel it was placebo, but then again, people will put anything on a bottle to try and sell it. Thoughts, ideas? Thanks! [[Special:Contributions/24.9.18.0|24.9.18.0]] ([[User talk:24.9.18.0|talk]]) 12:07, 19 August 2011 (UTC)AlphaDubStep
:Talk pages are intended to be used for discussion of how to improve articles.  Questions about the topic don't belong here -- you could try asking at the [[Wikipedia:Reference desk/Science|Science Reference Desk]]. [[User:Looie496|Looie496]] ([[User talk:Looie496|talk]]) 17:43, 19 August 2011 (UTC)

:I feel an improvement would be addressing sublingual administration in the human body. [[User:AlphaDubStep|AlphaDubStep]] ([[User talk:AlphaDubStep|talk]]) 11:41, 20 August 2011 (UTC)AlphaDubStep

::I have added a brief section -- I think it says about as much as it is possible to say. [[User:Looie496|Looie496]] ([[User talk:Looie496|talk]]) 23:06, 20 August 2011 (UTC)

== good job! ==

I just wanted to mention that this article is really really really well-written. Good going! [[User:Makeswell|makeswell]] ([[User talk:Makeswell|talk]]) 05:46, 10 September 2011 (UTC)

== Is it a Human Growth Hormone booster ==

I found a claim on an old bodybuilding website that study showed that 5 grams of GABA increased HGH level by 600%. First, the claim is not clear and a citation was not provided, but, if true, the information should be added. I posted the question also on [[Talk:Bodybuilding supplement]].  <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/79.113.44.111|79.113.44.111]] ([[User talk:79.113.44.111|talk]]) 00:12, 12 January 2012 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
:Not sure about the exact numbers but there is some evidence to support such an effect, notably {{PMID|18091016}}.  However the relevant literature is extremely small, and it is not clear to me that taking such massive doses on a regular basis would be a safe thing to do (although it is apparently used as a supplement by some bodybuilders). [[User:Looie496|Looie496]] ([[User talk:Looie496|talk]]) 03:28, 12 January 2012 (UTC)

== Emperical study contradicts information in the "GABA as a supplement" section of the article ==

Hello Wikipedia!  I thought it would be wisest to post here before I changed this article.  I was reading this article under the section "GABA as a supplement," and was perplexed to find the article giving the viewpoint that GABA as a supplement does not cross the blood brain barrier, and therfore has no use as a nutritional supplement.  This was in opposition of a SPECT brain imaging scan in a book of mine.  The scan was a patient before GABA supplementation and after supplementation, in which the patient had decreased basal ganglia activity after two weeks of GABA supplementation.  The book is "Healing Anxiety and Depression" by Dr. Daniel Amen.  The scan is shown on page 163.

This is by no means empirical evidence to support the idea that GABA supplementation has measurable effects on the brain. But it was enough evidence for me to suspect that if I was to start looking for empirical evidence to support this claim, that I would find some.

I have found emperical evidence stating that GABA as an '''orally administered''' supplement creates measurable changes in the EEG's of those who take it.  The abstract of this article is found at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16971751

This is enough evidence for me to include this data in the "GABA as a supplement" section of the article.  I have gone out of my way to find this evidence with the hope that people who come to this article are given accurate information.  In this case, the most accurate information is that there is evidence that the claims made about GABA as a supplement are true.

Since the section is changed, if you see a way to improve the section, if you find errors within it, please feel free to change it.  Also, I would appreciate it if somebody would look at my reference to see if I got it right (I think I did, but you can never be too sure.)

Thank you!

-- JohnnMillerr

: Welcome to Wikipedia where industry shills rock!  Do not expect to be able to include anything that presents a pharmaceutical company in a negative light or anything that presents a supplement in a positive one. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2014/06/17/wikipedia_wants_paid_editors_to_disclose_their_conflict_of_interest.html |title=Wikipedia Is Smoking Out Paid Editors |last1=Newman |first1=Lily Hay |date=17 June 2014 |website=Slate/Future Tense |publisher=The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company |accessdate=5 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/06/narrowing-the-chasm-between-pr-professionals-and-wikipedia/ |title=Narrowing the Chasm Between PR Professionals and Wikipedia |last1=Ford |first1=Sam |date=10 June 2014 |website=Harvard Business Review Blog Network |publisher=Harvard Business School Publishing |accessdate=5 July 2012}} </ref> [[User:Breedentials|Breedentials]] ([[User talk:Breedentials|talk]]) 13:56, 18 August 2014 (UTC)

"Do not expect to be able to include anything that presents a pharmaceutical company in a negative light or anything that presents a supplement in a positive one." I second that emotion! Seems more and more are realizing also.  <small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/38.88.222.106|38.88.222.106]] ([[User talk:38.88.222.106|talk]]) 22:45, 10 August 2015 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
{{talk-reflist}}

== aggression ==

http://news.yahoo.com/chill-dudes-female-flies-anti-aggression-powers-191719062.html

"The neurons are part of a system that responds to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA. This is the first time GABA has been found to be important in regulating aggression"  <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/76.176.108.8|76.176.108.8]] ([[User talk:76.176.108.8|talk]]) 03:22, 18 November 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Grammar & Sentence Structure ==

To make the article flow more, there are a few areas I would like to suggest small revision to. In the introductory paragraph, the second and third sentences can be combined so the topic of the sentences is not repeated twice. "It plays a role in regulating neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system and is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone in humans."
On the other hand, the second paragraph is a bit lengthy. I would suggest making everything after 'communities' into a separate sentence so a runon sentence does not exist.
Under "brain development," the final sentence of the paragraph is not needed because the point that GABA's function changes is stated in the previous sentence. I am curious about the other chemicals/transmitters that are not tagged, such as NKCC1 and KCC2. People may want them linked to get more information on their roles as well. I cannot tell if the 'brain development section' progresses or if it mostly discusses early brain development. Thanks! [[User:Cbruha11|Cbruha11]] ([[User talk:Cbruha11|talk]]) 16:31, 4 March 2014 (UTC) {{course assignment | course = Education Program:Nebraska Wesleyan University/Psyc 180 Psychology of Sleep and Dreaming (2014) | term = 2014 Q1}}

== Remove spastic diplegia sentence from intro ==

The last sentence in the intro section pertaining to spastic diplegia is not of primary relevance or importance and does not belong in an intro section. It should be removed or relocated to a subsection. Because this is a popular, important and technical page, I'm posting my opinion here and waiting for feedback before acting. [[User:Adallace|Adallace]] ([[User talk:Adallace|talk]]) 08:07, 9 August 2015 (UTC)

: Thanks for your heads up. This sentence certainly does not belong in the lead.  Another problem is that no source is cited to support the statement.  I have therefore moved the statement to a new section and added a citation needed tag. I have searched for a reliable source to support the statement but have so far come up empty. [[User:Boghog|Boghog]] ([[User talk:Boghog|talk]]) 09:11, 9 August 2015 (UTC)

== overdose ==

requesting seperate section on the effects of GABA overdose  <small><span class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Mahfuzur rahman shourov|Mahfuzur rahman shourov]] ([[User talk:Mahfuzur rahman shourov|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mahfuzur rahman shourov|contribs]]) 15:58, 9 September 2015 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Illegal drug ==

Gamma-aminobutyric acid is a Class B controlled drug in New Zealand. See sub-paragraph (b)(ii) of clause 6 of Part 1 of Schedule 2 of Misuse of Drugs Act 1975. [http://legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1975/0116/latest/DLM436586.html? Here is a link]. You can get up to 14 years in prison for selling supplying or producing such drugs(, see section 6 of same act). [[User:Tellurium128|Tellurium128]] ([[User talk:Tellurium128|talk]]) 03:58, 29 May 2019 (UTC)
== "Gamma-amino butyne acid" listed at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|Redirects for discussion]] ==
[[File:Information.svg|30px]]
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect [[:Gamma-amino butyne acid]] and has thus listed it [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|for discussion]]. This discussion will occur at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 February 25#Gamma-amino butyne acid]] until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. <!-- from Template:RFDNote --> [[User:Mdewman6|Mdewman6]] ([[User talk:Mdewman6|talk]]) 20:44, 25 February 2022 (UTC)
== "Gamma-aminobutylic acid" listed at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|Redirects for discussion]] ==
[[File:Information.svg|30px]]
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect [[:Gamma-aminobutylic acid]] and has thus listed it [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|for discussion]]. This discussion will occur at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 March 1#Gamma-aminobutylic acid]] until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. <!-- from Template:RFDNote --> [[User:Mdewman6|Mdewman6]] ([[User talk:Mdewman6|talk]]) 02:58, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
::Hello [[User:Mdewman6|Mdewman6]] I disagree with the page name change to using the Greek letter. This wasn't up for discussion on the listed redirect page. Other pages refer to gamma-aminobutyric. Do you have a reason for the other's preference? Also its use (though mispelt) is long-standing.--[[User:Iztwoz|Iztwoz]] ([[User talk:Iztwoz|talk]]) 17:32, 21 April 2022 (UTC)
:::{{re|Iztwoz}}, I am following the relevant naming convention, [[WP:CHEMPREFIX]]. Greek letters are not spelled out in chemistry when used in compound names. We previously discussed this issue [[User_talk:Iztwoz#Greek_letter_prefix_in_tocopherol_articles|at your talk page]]. I am confused though, how does this relate to the redirect in this section? The article was never at that page. [[User:Mdewman6|Mdewman6]] ([[User talk:Mdewman6|talk]]) 18:05, 21 April 2022 (UTC)
::::Apologies for not remembering your name, I do remember the discussion. As far as I could tell the redirect was just in reference to the spelling difference,--[[User:Iztwoz|Iztwoz]] ([[User talk:Iztwoz|talk]]) 18:38, 21 April 2022 (UTC)--[[User:Iztwoz|Iztwoz]] ([[User talk:Iztwoz|talk]]) 18:38, 21 April 2022 (UTC) the Greek letter had not been used.? Also I queried this since it is not purely a chemistry page and many other pages do spell out the letter.
:::::Just to be clear, the page was moved from [[Gamma-Aminobutyric acid]], which accordingly now redirects to the article. It was not a misspelling per se, it just had the name of the Greek letter spelled out. The redirect mentioned in this talk page section, [[Gamma-Aminobutyic acid]] (with an "l" instead of a "r"), was deleted per [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 March 1#Gamma-aminobutylic acid|discussion at Redirects for discussion]] and is a bad redirect meriting deletion regardless of the whether or not the article was moved. I think articles on non-chemistry topics are welcome to spell out the Greek letter and use redirects like [[Gamma-aminobutyric acid]] in linking, so far as there consensus to do so on a case by case basis, based on common use in reliable sources relevant to the subject of each article. [[User:Mdewman6|Mdewman6]] ([[User talk:Mdewman6|talk]]) 19:31, 21 April 2022 (UTC)

== Requested move 1 June 2024 ==

<div class="boilerplate mw-archivedtalk" style="background-color: #efe; margin: 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px dotted #aaa;"><!-- Template:RM top -->
:''The following is a closed discussion of a [[Wikipedia:Requested moves|requested move]]. <span style="color:red">'''Please do not modify it.'''</span> Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a [[Wikipedia:move review|move review]] after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.''

The result of the move request was: '''moved.''' <small>([[Wikipedia:Requested moves/Closing instructions#Non-admin closure|non-admin closure]])</small> <span style="font-family:Papyrus; color:#800080;">[[User:SafariScribe|Safari Scribe]]</span><sup style="font-family: Times New Roman; color: #006400;">[[Special:Contributions/SafariScribe|'''''Edits!''''']] [[User talk:SafariScribe|'''''Talk!''''']]</sup> 00:46, 9 June 2024 (UTC)
----

[[:Γ-Aminobutyric acid]] → {{no redirect|GABA}} – The abbreviation is nearly always the preferred term. I would classify the relevance of this abbreviation as similar to [[ALS]]. –[[User:Tobiasi0|Tobias]] ([[User talk:Tobiasi0|talk]]) 18:26, 1 June 2024 (UTC)
*'''Support'''. [https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=GABA%2C%F0%9D%9B%BE-aminobutyric+acid%2Cgamma-aminobutyric+acid%2C%F0%9D%9B%BE-aminobutyrate%2Cgamma-aminobutyrate&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=en-2019&smoothing=3 Google ngrams for reference]. [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] is the primary topic over entries at [[Gaba (disambiguation)]] accounting for approximately 75% of pageviews over the past 30 days – there is no need for natural disambiguation.  &#8213; [[User:Synpath|'''Syn''']][[User talk:Synpath|path]] 07:44, 2 June 2024 (UTC)
<div style="padding-left: 1.6em; font-style: italic; border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; margin: 0.5em 0; padding-top: 0.5em">The discussion above is closed. <b style="color: #FF0000;">Please do not modify it.</b> Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.</div><!-- from [[Template:Archive bottom]] -->
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== Water solubility figure is wrong ==

I suspect the water solubility of 130 grams per 100 ml = 1300 mg/mL stated in this article is wrong.

GABA water solubility is stated as 20 mg/mL by [https://www.selleckchem.com/datasheet/4-aminobutyric-acid-S470001-DataSheet.html this] source, and 50 mg/mL by [https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/GB/en/product/sigma/a2129 this] source. And [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Gamma-Aminobutyric-Acid#section=Melting-Point PubChem] says GABA is "slightly soluble in water".

I also tried dissolving some GABA powder in distilled water myself, and you certainly cannot dissolve 1300 mg/mL, it's more like 50 mg/mL in my tests. [[User:Hip-IV|Hip-IV]] ([[User talk:Hip-IV|talk]]) 00:41, 24 January 2025 (UTC)

:Yes, it seems obviously non-sensical to suggest one can put more GABA into less volume of water; changed it to mg/ml, assuming the original author is good faith and typed the unit wrong. Would be nice to attach a reference to it though. [[User:IrisChronomia|irisChronomia]] ([[User talk:IrisChronomia|talk]]) 06:32, 24 January 2025 (UTC)
:i strongly suspect the original 1300mg/mL is sourced from the pubchem page you mentioned earlier [[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Gamma-Aminobutyric-Acid#section=Solubility|link]], where the Human Metabolome Database is quoted as stating the solubility of GABA to be 1300.0 mg/mL. i *strongly* suspect that it was meant to be 1300 ''ng''/mL instead of mg, which converts to 1.3ug/mL, close to the  other referenced source. [[User:IrisChronomia|irisChronomia]] ([[User talk:IrisChronomia|talk]]) 06:55, 24 January 2025 (UTC)