View source for Tabarka

{{Distinguish|Tabarca}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
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|official_name          =Tabarka
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| photo1a                         = Genoese Fort of Tabarka.jpg
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| photo2b                         = سد في طريق طبرقة.jpg
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<!-- Location ------------------>
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|subdivision_name       = [[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|25px]] [[Tunisia]]
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'''Tabarka''' ({{langx|ar|طبرقة}} ''{{audio|help=no|Tbar9a.wav|Ṭbarqa}}'') is a coastal town located in north-western [[Tunisia]], close to the [[Algeria–Tunisia border|border]] with [[Algeria]]. Tabarka was occupied at various times by [[Punic people|Punics]], [[Greeks]], [[Roman people|Romans]], [[Arabs]], [[Genoa|Genoese]] and [[Ottoman Turks|Ottomans]]. The town is dominated by an offshore rock on which there remains a [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] castle. Nationalist leader [[Habib Bourguiba]], later president of post-independence Tunisia, was exiled on Tabarka by the [[French Fourth Republic|French]] colonial authorities in 1952.<ref>Derek Hopwood & Sue Mi Terry, Habib Bourguiba of Tunisia:The Tragedy of Longevity, Springer 2016 p.72</ref>  Tourist attractions include coral fishing, the Coralis Festival of [[underwater photography]],<ref>Elżbieta Lisowscy, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Tunisia, Dorling Kindersley 2011 p.41</ref> and its annual [[jazz]] festival.<ref>Donna Wheeler, Paul Clammer & Emilie Filou, Tunisia: Lonely Planet, 2010 p.284</ref>

{{anchor|Etymology|Names}}

==Name==
Tabarka was known to the Carthaginians as {{sc|tbrkʿn}} ({{langx|xpu|𐤕𐤁𐤓𐤊𐤏𐤍}}).{{sfnp|Head & al.|1911|p=886}}{{sfnp|Ghaki|2015|p=67}} This was transcribed into [[ancient Greek language|Greek]] as ''Thaúbraka'' ({{lang|grc|Θαύβρακα}}) and into [[Latin]] as ''Thabraca''.<ref name="tufts">{{cite web|url=http://nlp.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DT%3Aentry+group%3D16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228181231/http://nlp.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DT%3Aentry+group%3D16  |archive-date=2014-02-28 |url-status=dead |title=Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, ''A Latin Dictionary''|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="google">{{cite book|title=The Roman World|author=Chapot, V.|date=1928|publisher=Knopf|isbn=9780819603678|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9_7H4iGo3NYC&pg=PA385|page=385|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref> In modern day [[Berber language|Berber]] it is known as ''Tabarka'' or ''Tbarga'', while its [[Arabic language|Arabic]] name is ''Ṭbarqa'' ({{lang|ar|طبرقة}}).

==History==
[[File:Tarbarka 17th century.jpg|thumb|left|Tarbarka island, 17th century. Note the [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] flag on the castle.]]
Although older sources placed Thabraca within the [[Roman province]] of [[Numidia]], recent ones agree on placing it in the Roman province of [[Africa (Roman province)|Africa]], known also as ''Africa Proconsularis''.<ref name="google2">{{cite book|title=The Oxford Classical Dictionary|author1=Hornblower, S.|author2=Spawforth, A.|author3=Eidinow, E.|date=2012|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780199545568|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bVWcAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|page=33|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="google3">{{cite book|title=Staying Roman: Conquest and Identity in Africa and the Mediterranean, 439-700|author=Conant, J.|date=2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521196970|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rfDpA2cbB0cC&pg=PA48|page=48|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="google4">{{cite book|title=Letters 1-99|author1=Saint Augustine|author2=Rotelle, J.E.|author3=Teske, R.J.|date=2001|issue=pt. 2, v. 1|publisher=New City Press|isbn=9781565481633|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UmG5hYsJAAIC&pg=PA264|page=264|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref><ref name=AP/> It was a [[Roman colony]].<ref name=ce/> It was connected by a road with [[Simitthu]], which it served as a port for the export of its famous [[marble]].<ref name=ce/> The rebellious Roman official [[Gildo]], the brother of Firmus, committed suicide in Thabraca.<ref name=ce/> Under the [[Vandal Kingdom|Vandal]] king [[Gaiseric]], the town had a monastery for men and a convent for women.<ref name=ce/>
[[File:Tabarka plan 1770.jpg|left|thumb|Fort diagram]]
[[File:Tabarka nature.jpg|left|thumb]]
From 1540 to 1742, the Genoese maintained a garrison on the adjacent island, also called Tabarka, which lies about {{convert|365|yd|sp=us}} off the town. In 1540 the island was given by the Ottoman Bey of Tunis as a concession to the Genoese Lomellini family.<ref>Thomas Allison Kirk, Genoa and the Sea, JHU Press, 2013</ref> The Genoese were in the service of Spain during 1553 at the request of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles V]] who was interested in coral fishing. The Lomellini were part of the circle of [[Andrea Doria]], Doge of Genoa, and were related to the [[House of Grimaldi|Grimaldi]] family.  The grant was possibly due to a secret ransom for the release of the pirate Turkish [[Dragut]], captured in [[Battle of Girolata|Girolata in 1540]] by Giannettino Doria, nephew of Andrea Doria. The Lomellini colonized Tabarca with a group of inhabitants of [[Pegli]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lastampa.it/2012/05/01/societa/viaggi/home-cover/l-isola-di-tabarka-e-le-tracce-dei-genovesi-I4Wnl6mzUmuPSygQXZ3h7J/pagina.html |title=L'Isola di Tabarka e le tracce dei genovesi |website=www.lastampa.it |date= May 2012|access-date=4 February 2017}}</ref> near Genoa, where they had various properties and a huge palace. The community of Pegliesi lived in Tabarka for several centuries.

In 1738 due to the exhaustion of the coral reefs and the deterioration of relations with the Arab population a large group of "Tabarkini" moved to [[San Pietro Island]] off Sardinia, then uninhabited, where they founded a new town of [[Carloforte]]. The transfer was made possible thanks to the King of Sardinia, [[Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia]] who wanted to colonize those of his lands which were not yet inhabited. The name of Carloforte was chosen in honor of the sovereign. Another group of Tabarkini was resettled in the town of [[Calasetta]] on the adjacent Island of [[Isola di Sant'Antioco|Sant'Antioco]], whose population still speaks a variant of [[Genoese dialect]] originating from Tabarka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sardegnaturismo.it/en/point-of-interest/calasetta |title= Calasetta|website=Sardegna Turismo |access-date=4 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205014819/https://www.sardegnaturismo.it/en/point-of-interest/calasetta |archive-date=5 February 2017}}</ref> Others were moved to the Spanish island of [[Tabarca|New Tabarca]].<ref name=alicgen>{{cite book|title=Alicante / Alacant, Tabarca: Rutas de aproximación al patrimonio cultural valenciano / Rutes d'aproximació al patrimoni cultural valencià|last=Varela|first=Santiago|others=Juan Calduch; Joaquín Lara (graphic dessing)|year=1983|language=es, ca|publisher=Servicio de patrimonio arquitectónico: Conselleria de Cultura, Educación y Ciencia: Generalidad Valenciana|chapter=Nueva Tabarca / Nova Tabarca: 1. Generalidades / 1. Generalitats}}</ref> In 1741{{citation needed|date=November 2018}} or 1742,<ref name=ce/> the Genoese fortress surrendered to the (nominally Ottoman but essentially autonomous) [[Bey of Tunis]]. At Tabarka, the ruins consists of a pit once used as a church and some fragments of walls which belonged to Christian buildings. There were also two Ottoman Turkish fortresses, one of which has been repaired. A French [[Tabarka expedition (1742)|expedition]] was dispatched to capture Tabarka but failed.
[[File:Tabarka, décembre 2014 (14).jpg|thumb|Close view]]

Under French colonial rule it was annexed to the civil district of [[Souk el-Arba]], now in the Tunisian governorate of [[Jendouba]], and a rather important fishing centre. [[Tabarka Jazz Festival]] was established in 1973.

==Ecclesiastical history==
[[File:Fort de l&#039;île de Tabarka 4.JPG|thumb|left|Tabarka Fort]]
Thabraca became a [[Christians|Christian]] [[bishopric]] that is no longer a residential see but is included in the [[Catholic Church]]'s list of [[titular see]]s.<ref name="AP">''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 979</ref>[[File:Tabarka, décembre 2014 (28).jpg|right|thumb|View of Tabarka's fort]]
[[File:Tabarka Snow Forest Road.jpg|thumb|Snow in Tabarka's forest]]
[[File:Tabarka Forest Under Snow.jpg|thumb|Tabarka snowfall in a forest]] was also the [[cathedra|seat]] of an ancient [[Bishopric]] and in antiquity it had a [[monastery]] for men and one for women,<ref name=ce>[https://www.catholic.org/encyclopedia/view.php?id=11405   Thabraca] at Catholic Encyclopedia.org</ref> and several [[church Building]]s and [[Christianity|Christian]] cemeteries have been uncovered.<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14552a.htm  Thabraca] at New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia.</ref> The city contains several Christian cemeteries, many of the tombs covered with curious [[mosaics]]. An inscription (C.I.L., VIII, 173-82) mentions the cult of the martyr Anastasia and her companions.

'''Bishops'''

The [[bishop]]s of Thabraca, who met with the other bishops of [[Proconsular Africa]], included:
*Victoricus, at the Council of Carthage (256)<ref>A Library of Fathers of the Holy Catholic Church, Anterior to the Division of the East and West, Volume 17 (J.H. Parker, 1844) [https://books.google.com/books?id=LRs2AQAAMAAJ&dq=Thabraca++gcatholic&pg=PA294   p294].</ref>
*Rusticianus, at the conference of Carthage in 411, where his competitor was the [[Donatist]] Charentius; he also signed in 416 the letter from the council of Proconsular Africa to [[Pope Innocent I]];
*Clarissimus, who in 646 signed the letter from the same Council to [[Patriarch Paul II of Constantinople]] against the [[Monothelites]].
The [[Bishopric]] was founded during the [[Roman Empire]] and survived through the [[Arianism|arian]] [[Vandal]] and [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] [[Byzantine]] empires, only ceasing to function with the [[Muslim conquest of the Maghreb]]. The [[diocese]] was re-founded in name at least in the 20th century as a [[titular see]] of the [[Roman Catholic church]].<ref>[http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t1684.htm  Titular Episcopal See of Thabraca] at GCatholic.org.</ref><ref name="Thabraca">[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d2t10.html  Thabraca] at catholic-hierarchy.org.</ref>

'''Titular bishops'''

*[[Pierre Brigot]], (22 Jan 1755 Appointed – 8 Nov 1791)
*St. [[Louis Gabriel Taurin Dufresse]], (24 Jul 1798 Appointed – 14 Sep 1815)
*[[Edward Kernan]] (6 Feb 1818 Appointed – 19 Nov 1824)
*[[Rémi Gaulin]] † (10 May 1833 Appointed – 14 Jan 1840 Succeeded, Bishop of Kingston, Ontario)
*Bernardino di Milia, (27 Mar 1884 Appointed – 4 Jun 1891)
*[[Antonin Guillermain]], (12 Jan 1895 Appointed – 14 Jul 1896)
*[[Henri Streicher]], (1 Feb 1897 Appointed – 2 Jun 1933)
*Auguste-Joseph-Marie Cogneau (23 Jun 1933 Appointed – 12 Apr 1952)
*[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Kabinda#Ordinaries|Georges Kettel]], (24 Mar 1953 Appointed – 10 Nov 1959)
*Charles Quentin Bertram Olwell, (19 Jan 1961 Appointed – 30 Jan 1972)
*[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Presidente Prudente#leadership|Antônio Agostinho Marochi]] (27 Sep 1973 Appointed – 2 Feb 1976)
*[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Baguio#Ordinaries and Auxiliary episcopate|Sebastian Acol Dalis]] (18 Nov 1987 Appointed – 27 Oct 2004 Died)
*[[Apostolic Vicariate of Darién#Ordinaries|Pedro Joaquin Hernández Cantarero]], (12 Feb 2005 Appointed – )<ref name="Thabraca"/>

==Weather==
===Climate===
The weather in Tabarka is usually variable from year to year. Summers are mostly hot and dry, but milder than the Saharan hinterland. It barely rains in July and August. The average temperatures for this season is {{convert|28.2|C|F|1}}. Winters are mostly rainy and mild. The average temperature for this season is {{convert|12.0|C|F|1}}.

{{Weather box
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|location = Tabarka (1991-2020, extremes 1953–present)
|Jan record high C = 26.1
|Feb record high C = 29.2
|Mar record high C = 36.5
|Apr record high C = 37.0
|May record high C = 41.4
|Jun record high C = 47.1
|Jul record high C = 47.4
|Aug record high C = 48.4
|Sep record high C = 43.3
|Oct record high C = 39.7
|Nov record high C = 33.2
|Dec record high C = 28.1
|year record high C = 48.4
| Jan high C = 16.0
| Feb high C = 16.1
| Mar high C = 18.5
| Apr high C = 21.0
| May high C = 24.9
| Jun high C = 28.9
| Jul high C = 31.7
| Aug high C = 32.3
| Sep high C = 29.1
| Oct high C = 25.8
| Nov high C = 20.8
| Dec high C = 17.1
| year high C = 23.5
| Jan mean C = 11.8
| Feb mean C = 11.8
| Mar mean C = 13.9
| Apr mean C = 16.2
| May mean C = 19.6
| Jun mean C = 23.2
| Jul mean C = 25.9
| Aug mean C = 26.7
| Sep mean C = 24.1
| Oct mean C = 20.9
| Nov mean C = 16.4
| Dec mean C = 13.1
| year mean C = 18.6
| Jan low C = 7.7
| Feb low C = 7.6
| Mar low C = 9.2
| Apr low C = 11.3
| May low C = 14.2
| Jun low C = 17.5
| Jul low C = 20.2
| Aug low C = 21.0
| Sep low C = 19.0
| Oct low C = 15.9
| Nov low C = 12.0
| Dec low C = 9.0
| year low C = 13.7
|Jan record low C = -0.5
|Feb record low C = -2.4
|Mar record low C = 0.2
|Apr record low C = -1.4
|May record low C = 3.0
|Jun record low C = 7.5
|Jul record low C = 8.5
|Aug record low C = 9.0
|Sep record low C = 8.5
|Oct record low C = 4.0
|Nov record low C = 0.5
|Dec record low C = 0.0
|year record low C = -2.4
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 148.1
| Feb precipitation mm = 126.1
| Mar precipitation mm = 97.3
| Apr precipitation mm = 70.0
| May precipitation mm = 41.0
| Jun precipitation mm = 16.2
| Jul precipitation mm = 3.8
| Aug precipitation mm = 15.3
| Sep precipitation mm = 79.4
| Oct precipitation mm = 116.2
| Nov precipitation mm = 160.8
| Dec precipitation mm = 166.1
| year precipitation mm = 1040.4
| unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 12.4
| Feb precipitation days = 11.2
| Mar precipitation days = 9.2
| Apr precipitation days = 7.7
| May precipitation days = 5.2
| Jun precipitation days = 1.9
| Jul precipitation days = 0.7
| Aug precipitation days = 2.1
| Sep precipitation days = 7.0
| Oct precipitation days = 8.5
| Nov precipitation days = 11.7
| Dec precipitation days = 13.2
| year precipitation days = 90.7
|Jan humidity = 72
|Feb humidity = 73
|Mar humidity = 73
|Apr humidity = 72
|May humidity = 72
|Jun humidity = 70
|Jul humidity = 65
|Aug humidity = 68
|Sep humidity = 70
|Oct humidity = 71
|Nov humidity = 75
|Dec humidity = 74
|year humidity = 
|Jan sun = 137.7
|Feb sun = 153.1
|Mar sun = 204.6
|Apr sun = 221.4
|May sun = 279.4
|Jun sun = 313.0
|Jul sun = 355.5
|Aug sun = 319.6
|Sep sun = 239.9
|Oct sun = 205.4
|Nov sun = 147.7
|Dec sun = 130.6
|year sun = 
|source 1 = [[NOAA]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Tunisia/CSV/Tabarka_60710.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
| accessdate = March 30, 2023
}}</ref>
|source 2 = Institut National de la Météorologie (humidity 1961–1990, sun 1981-2010)<ref name=IMN1>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191219211209/http://data.transport.tn/dataset/9e1ed3a1-69f5-4ef9-a05e-daa8126fdb7c/resource/acf0d32e-92b3-4247-9281-1b3a1587d23f/download/normales_1981_2010.txt
| archive-date = 19 December 2019
| url = http://data.transport.tn/dataset/9e1ed3a1-69f5-4ef9-a05e-daa8126fdb7c/resource/acf0d32e-92b3-4247-9281-1b3a1587d23f
| title = Les normales climatiques en Tunisie entre 1981 2010
| publisher = Ministère du Transport
| language = fr
| access-date = 3 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMN2>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191221032155/http://data.transport.tn/dataset/c8d4b465-056c-41e2-a666-05160d19784e/resource/3d38ac83-8a3c-4207-b327-9684131292b3/download/normales_1961_1990.txt
| archive-date = 21 December 2019
| url = http://data.transport.tn/dataset/normales-climatiques-en-tunisie-entre-1961-1990/resource/3d38ac83-8a3c-4207-b327-9684131292b3
| title = Données normales climatiques 1961-1990
| publisher = Ministère du Transport
| language = fr
| access-date = 3 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMNextremes>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191221032448/http://data.transport.tn/dataset/b19bf5d3-5f47-43a3-befc-80a4f4f1d267/resource/0f4ff280-9f86-4e4f-bc18-29df886c2a30/download/extremes.txt
| archive-date = 21 December 2019
| url = http://data.transport.tn/dataset/extremes-climatiques-en-tunisie/resource/0f4ff280-9f86-4e4f-bc18-29df886c2a30
| title = Les extrêmes climatiques en Tunisie
| publisher = Ministère du Transport
| language = fr
| access-date = 3 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMNclimate>{{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191221032448/https://www.meteo.tn/index.php/donnees-climatiques | archive-date = 21 December 2019 | url = https://www.meteo.tn/index.php/donnees-climatiques | title = Période ensoleillée 1981-2010 climatiques en Tunisie | publisher = Ministère du Transport | language = fr | access-date = 26 December 2019}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|name=Station ID|The Station ID for Tabarka is 22525211.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://data.transport.tn/dataset/reseau-des-stations-meteorologiques-synoptiques/resource/9d68c101-4789-4e6a-bdff-8952d727c0c1 |title=Réseau des stations météorologiques synoptiques de la Tunisie |publisher=Ministère du Transport |language=fr |access-date=3 January 2020}}</ref>}}
}}

{|class="wikitable"
|+Tabarka mean sea temperature<ref name="Weather2Travel">[https://www.weather2travel.com/tunisia/tabarka/climate/?r=home Weather2Travel - Tabarka]. Retrieved 2 July 2020.</ref>
|-
!'''Jan'''
!'''Feb'''
!'''Mar'''
!'''Apr'''
!'''May'''
!'''Jun'''
!'''Jul'''
!'''Aug'''
!'''Sep'''
!'''Oct'''
!'''Nov'''
!'''Dec'''
|-
|{{convert|16|°C}}
|{{convert|15|°C}}
|{{convert|15|°C}}
|{{convert|16|°C}}
|{{convert|18|°C}}
|{{convert|21|°C}}
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|{{convert|26|°C}}
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|{{convert|23|°C}}
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|}

==Transport==
The airport in Tabarka was named ''Airport 7 Novembre'' until the [[Tunisian revolution]]; it was then renamed [[Tabarka-Ain Draham International Airport]].

==See also==
{{Portal|Africa}}
*[[Tabarka Rocks]]
*[[Tabarka Jazz Festival]]
*[[Fossa regia]]
* Genoese-Tabarka diaspora
** [[Calasetta]]
** [[San Pietro Island]]
** [[Carloforte]]
** [[Tabarca]]
*[[European enclaves in North Africa before 1830]]
Featured in film, The Golden Salamander, with Trevor Howard, Herbert Lom and Anouk Aimee.{Paul Thomson}

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Modifier (211301149).jpeg
File:Port de Tabarka.jpg
File:Tabarka - Golf Beach - panoramio.jpg
File:Vue de la mer du Port de Tabarka.jpg
File:ViewTabarkaBorj.JPG
File:Tabarka le soir.jpg
File:Tabarka Jendouba.png
File:Aiop.jpg
File:Tabarka port 02.jpg
File:Tabarka green.jpg|alt=
File:Tabarka tunisia.jpg|alt=
File:Tabarka ❤️.jpg|alt=
</gallery>

==References==
===Citations===
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Notes===
{{Reflist|group=note}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{CathEncy|wstitle=Thabraca}}
* {{citation |last=Ghaki |first=Mansour |contribution=Toponymie et Onomastique Libyques: L'Apport de l'Écriture Punique/Néopunique |contribution-url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/50105050/Toponymie_et_onomastique_Lapport_de_lecriture_punique_neopunique.pdf |pages=65–71 |date=2015 |location=Naples |publisher=Unior |editor=Anna Maria di Tolla |display-editors=0 |title=La Lingua nella Vita e la Vita della Lingua: Itinerari e Percorsi degli Studi Berberi |series=Studi Africanistici: Quaderni di Studi Berberi e Libico-Berberi |number=4 |isbn=978-88-6719-125-3 |issn=2283-5636 |access-date=3 November 2018 |archive-date=28 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428044658/https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/50105050/Toponymie_et_onomastique_Lapport_de_lecriture_punique_neopunique.pdf |url-status=dead }}. {{in lang|fr}}
* {{citation |last=Head |first=Barclay |editor=Ed Snible |author2=G.F. Hill |author3=George MacDonald |author4=W. Wroth |display-authors=1 |display-editors=0 |url=http://snible.org/coins/hn/index.html |title=Historia Numorum |contribution=Numidia |contribution-url=http://snible.org/coins/hn/numidia.html |pages=884–887 |date=1911 |edition=2nd |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |ref={{harvid|Head & al.|1911}} }}.
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Tabarka}}
* [http://www.tabarka.com/ Tabarka.Com Tabarka Guide]
* [http://www.tabarka.org/ Tabarka.Org]
* [https://paris1814.com/tunis Photo gallery of Tabarka in 1924. French Naval Intelligence]
* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Tunisia.html#Tabarqa WorldStatesmen-Tunisia]
* {{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/2017400|title=CWGC – Cemetery Details|author=Reading Room Manchester|publisher=cwgc.org|access-date=28 March 2016}}

{{Communes of Tunisia}}
{{Phoenician cities and colonies}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Communes of Tunisia]]
[[Category:Populated places in Jendouba Governorate]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Tunisia]]
[[Category:Ottoman Tunisia]]
[[Category:Catholic titular sees in Africa|Thabraca]]
[[Category:Territories of the Republic of Genoa]]
[[Category:Phoenician colonies in Tunisia]]