View source for Syzran

{{Short description|City in Samara Oblast, Russia}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2011}}
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Syzran
|ru_name=Сызрань
|image_skyline=Железнодорожный_вокзал.JPG
|image_caption=Syzran I railway station (built in 1874)
|coordinates = {{coord|53|10|N|48|28|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=top
|image_coa=Syzran coa.png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Syzran.svg
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Samara Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref278" />
|adm_data_as_of=December 2011
|adm_city_jur=[[city of federal subject significance|city of oblast significance]] of Syzran
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref278" />
|adm_ctr_of1=[[Syzransky District]]
|adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|adm_ctr_of2=city of oblast significance of Syzran
|adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref278" />
|inhabloc_cat=City
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="OKATO" />
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=December 2004
|urban_okrug_jur=Syzran Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref279" />
|mun_admctr_of1=Syzran Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref279" />
|mun_admctr_of2=Syzransky Municipal District
|mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref279" />
|leader_title=Mayor
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=Sergey Volodchenkov
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="ISMAILOVA">{{cite web |last1=Исмайлова |first1=Александра |title=У Сызрани — новый глава. Рассказываем, кто он |url=https://63.ru/text/politics/2024/09/18/74103938/ |website=63.ru |access-date=11 January 2025}}</ref>
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=178750
|pop_2010census_rank=101st
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" />
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1683
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=1796
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=446000
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=8464
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://adm.syzran.ru
|website_ref=
|date=May 2010
}}
'''Syzran''' ({{lang-rus|Сызрань|p=ˈsɨzrənʲ}}) is the third largest<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|city]] in [[Samara Oblast]], [[Russia]], located on the right bank of [[Saratov Reservoir]] of the [[Volga River]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2021=165,725|p2010=178,750|p2002=188,107|p1989=174,335}}{{Historical populations|1897|32000|1926|50000|1939|83000|1959|148391|1970|173347|1979|178498|1989|174335|2002|188107|2010|178750|2021|165725|type=|footnote=Source: Census data}}

==History==
Founded in 1683 as a [[Syzran Kremlin|fortress]], Syzran grew into an important trading center and was granted town status in 1796.{{citation needed|date=May 2010}} One tower from the 17th-century fortress still stands. It is also the site of [[Syzran Bridge]], once the longest bridge in Europe.

=== Russo-Ukrainian War ===
On the night of 18–19 February 2025, [[Ukraine]] launched a [[Drone warfare|drone attack]] against a [[Rosneft]] oil refinery in Syzran, with local [[Telegram (software)|Telegram]] channels claiming that the attack led to a fire in the area. Local governor [[Vyacheslav Fedorishchev]] claimed that there were no casualties, and that emergency services were working on site.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 February 2025 |title=Ukraine attacks oil refinery in Russia's Samara region, governor says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-attacks-oil-refinery-russias-samara-region-governor-says-2025-02-19/ |access-date=21 February 2025 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=20 February 2025 |title=Russia's Syzran oil refinery suspended operations following a drone attack, sources say |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-syzran-oil-refinery-suspended-operations-following-drone-attack-sources-2025-02-19/ |access-date=20 February 2025 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Murray |first=Warren |date=20 February 2025 |title=Ukraine war briefing: Russian attacks darken Odesa, Kupiansk hit by deadly bombing |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/20/ukraine-war-briefing-russian-attacks-darken-odesa-kupiansk-hit-by-deadly-bombing |access-date=20 February 2025 |work=The Guardian}}</ref>

On 4 March 2025, Ukraine launched another drone attack on Syzran. Governor Fedorishchev claimed that local air defence forces destroyed the drones that aimed to target an industrial enterprise, and that there were casualties. There were local reports of explosions and drones targeting an oil refinery in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |author=KATERYNA DANISHEVSKA |title=Drones attack Syzran oil refinery - Russians report explosions, fire started |url=https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/drones-attack-syzran-oil-refinery-russians-1741047727.html |access-date=2025-03-04 |website=RBC Ukraine |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukrainian Drones Strike Oil Facilities in Southern Russia |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2025/03/04/ukrainian-drones-strike-oil-facilities-in-southern-russia-a88236 |access-date=2025-03-04 |website=The Moscow Times |language=en}}</ref>

==Administrative and municipal status==
Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of administrative divisions]], Syzran serves as the [[administrative center]] of [[Syzransky District]],<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATO reference|36 242}}</ref> even though it is not a part of it.<ref name="OKATO2">{{OKATO reference|36 435}}</ref> As an administrative division, it is, together with three [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|rural localities]], incorporated separately as the '''[[city of federal subject significance|city of oblast significance]] of Syzran'''—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the [[administrative divisions of Samara Oblast|districts]].<ref name="Ref278">Charter of Samara Oblast</ref> As a [[subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|municipal division]], the city of oblast significance of Syzran is incorporated as '''Syzran Urban Okrug'''.<ref name="Ref279">Law #189-GD</ref>

==Economy==
The city's main employers are a large oil refinery owned by [[Rosneft]], [[joint-stock company|OAO]] [[Tyazhmash]] heavy industry machinery metallurgy mechanical turbines related to electricity production (and working with Czech [[Blansko]] firm [[CKD Blansko]] on some works, like in South America), and the Syzran power station.

==Notable people==
*[[Konstantin Fedin]], novelist and literary functionary
*[[Alexey Nikolayevich Tolstoy|Alexey Tolstoy]], writer
*[[Arkady Ostrovsky]], composer
*[[Andrei Sinyavsky]], writer
*[[Mikhail Korniyenko]], cosmonaut
*[[Victor Ivanovich Nikitin|Viktor Nikitin]], singer
*[[Ekaterina Vetkova]], handball player

==Twin towns and sister cities==
Syzran is [[twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
*{{flagdeco|PRC}} [[Pingdingshan]], [[Henan]], China (November 28, 2000)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adm.samara.ru/oblast/oblast_pobratimsk_svjzi/|title=Sister city relationship Syzran|language=ru|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925223104/http://www.adm.samara.ru/oblast/oblast_pobratimsk_svjzi/|archive-date=September 25, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{RussiaBasicLawRef|sam}}
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|sam|mun|list0}}

==External links==
{{EB1911 poster|Syzrañ}}
*{{in lang|ru}} [http://adm.syzran.ru/ Official website of Syzran]
*{{in lang|ru}} [http://old.syzran.ru/ Old photos of Syzran]

{{Samara Oblast}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Samara Oblast]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Volga]]
[[Category:Syzransky Uyezd]]