View source for Sukhoi Su-57

{{Short description|Russian stealth multirole fighter aircraft}}
{{redirect|SU-57||SU-57 (disambiguation)}}
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{{More citations needed|date=November 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2023}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout, and guidelines. -->

{{Infobox aircraft
| name = Su-57
| image = Sukhoi Design Bureau, 054, Sukhoi Su-57 (49581303977).jpg
| caption = 4th Su-57 prototype T-50-4<ref name="su57.mariwoj.pl">{{Cite web|url=http://su57.mariwoj.pl/su57-index.html|title=Full history of PAK-FA |website=mariwoj|accessdate=4 June 2024}}</ref>
| alt = 
| type = [[Stealth aircraft|Stealth]] [[Multirole combat aircraft|multirole fighter]]
| national_origin = Russia
| manufacturer = [[United Aircraft Corporation]]
| builder = [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Plant]]
| designer = <!-- Only appropriate for one-person designers, not project leaders or chief designers -->
| design_group = [[Sukhoi]]
| first_flight = {{Start date and age|2010|01|29|df=yes}}
| introduction = 2020<ref name="su57.mariwoj.pl"/>
| retired = 
| status = In production<ref name="tass.ru">{{Cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/10352497|title=Первый серийный истребитель Су-57 поступил в авиаполк Южного военного округа|website=TACC|accessdate=22 May 2023}}</ref>
| primary_user = [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] <!-- Only 1 user in this field. -->
| more_users = <!-- India's version is covered at [[Sukhoi/HAL FGFA]]. -->
| produced = 2019–present<ref name="su57.mariwoj.pl"/>
| number_built = 32 (including 10 prototypes) as of December 2023<ref name="DN_Aug2024">{{cite web |url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2024/08/27/russia-tries-to-jolt-its-sluggish-su-57-warplane-production/ |last=Starchak |first=Maxim |title=Russia tries to jolt its sluggish Su-57 warplane production |work=Defense News |date=27 August 2024}}</ref><ref name=PiBu2021_p45-50>Butowski 2021, pp. 45-50.</ref>
| variants = [[Sukhoi/HAL FGFA]]
}}

The '''Sukhoi Su-57''' ({{langx|ru|Сухой Су-57}}; [[NATO reporting name]]: '''Felon''')<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2019/11/1/14330/ |title=NATO assigns new reporting name for Su-57 5th generation jet fighter |website=ruaviation.com |date=1 November 2019 |access-date=2 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ODIN – OE Data Integration Network |url=https://odin.tradoc.army.mil/WEG/Asset/Su-57_(Felon)_Russian_Stealth_Fighter |access-date=6 October 2023 |website=odin.tradoc.army.mil}}</ref> is a [[Twinjet|twin-engine]] [[stealth aircraft|stealth]] [[Multirole combat aircraft|multirole fighter]] aircraft developed by [[Sukhoi]].<ref name="t50su57">{{cite web |url=http://tass.com/defense/960000 |title=Russia's 5th-generation fighter jet named as Su-57 |agency=TASS |language=en |access-date=11 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812021235/http://tass.com/defense/960000 |archive-date=12 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> It is the product of the PAK FA ({{langx|ru|ПАК ФА}}, prospective aeronautical complex of front-line aviation) programme, which was initiated in 1999 as a more modern and affordable alternative to the [[Post-PFI Soviet/Russian aircraft projects|MFI]] ([[Mikoyan Project 1.44|Mikoyan Project 1.44/1.42]]). Sukhoi's internal designation for the aircraft is '''T-50'''. The Su-57 is the first aircraft in Russian military service designed with [[stealth technology]] and is intended to be the basis for a family of stealth combat aircraft.

A multirole fighter capable of aerial combat as well as ground and maritime strike, the Su-57 incorporates [[Stealth technology|stealth]], [[supermaneuverability]], [[supercruise]], integrated [[avionics]] and large payload capacity.<ref name="sukhoi.org first flight">{{cite press release |url=http://sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=3143 |title=Sukhoi Company launches flight tests of PAK FA advanced tactical frontline fighter |website=Sukhoi.org |date=29 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501030735/http://sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=3143 |archive-date=1 May 2011}}</ref> The aircraft is expected to succeed the [[Mikoyan MiG-29|MiG-29]] and [[Sukhoi Su-27|Su-27]] in the Russian military service and has also been marketed for export. The first prototype aircraft flew in 2010, but the program experienced a protracted development due to various structural and technical issues that emerged during trials, including the destruction of the first production aircraft in a crash before its delivery.

After repeated delays, the first Su-57 entered service with the [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] (VKS)<ref name="VVStoVKS" group="N">Russia established the Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) as a new branch of its military on 1 August 2015 with the merging of the Russian Air Force (VVS) and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces (VVKO).</ref> in December 2020.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2009/01/16/Russia-bets-on-new-Sukhoi-fighter-to-match-F-35/UPI-93841232131619/|title=Russia bets on new Sukhoi fighter to match F-35|work=United Press International|first=Ariel|last=Cohen|date=16 January 2009|access-date=11 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100205081345/http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2009/01/16/Russia-bets-on-new-Sukhoi-fighter-to-match-F-35/UPI-93841232131619|archive-date=5 February 2010|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Development==

===Origins===
{{main|Post-PFI Soviet/Russian aircraft projects}}

In 1979, the [[Soviet Union]] outlined a need for [[Jet fighter generations|next-generation fighter]] aircraft intended to enter service in the 1990s. The programme became the I-90 ({{langx|ru|link=no|И-90}}, {{langx|ru|label=short for|link=no|Истребитель 1990–х годов||Fighter of the 1990s}}) and required the fighter to be "multifunctional" (i.e. multirole) by having substantial ground attack capabilities, and would eventually replace the [[Mikoyan MiG-29|MiG-29]] and [[Sukhoi Su-27|Su-27]] in frontline tactical aviation service. Two subsequent projects were designed to meet these requirements: the [[Post-PFI Soviet/Russian aircraft projects#MFI|MFI]] ({{langx|ru|link=no|МФИ}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Многофункциональный фронтовой истребитель||Multifunctional Frontline Fighter}}) and smaller [[Post-PFI Soviet/Russian aircraft projects#LFI|LFI]] ({{langx|ru|link=no|ЛФИ}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|Л}} {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Лёгкий||Light}}), with conceptual work beginning in 1983.{{refn|At the time, there was a planned fleet of one-third MFI and two-thirds LFI.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 5</ref><ref>Gordon 2021, p. 7</ref>|group=N}} [[Mikoyan]] was selected for the MFI and began developing its [[Mikoyan Project 1.44|MiG 1.44/1.42]].<ref name="Gordon MFI S-37">{{cite book |author=Gordon, Yefim |title=Sukhoi S-37 and Mikoyan MFI: Russian Fifth-Generation Fighter Technology Demonstrators|series=Warbird Tech|volume=1|location=Hinckley, UK |publisher=Midland Publishing|year=2002|isbn=1-85780-120-2}}</ref> Though not a participant in the MFI, Sukhoi started its own programme in 1983 to develop technologies for a next-generation fighter, eventually resulting in the forward-swept wing S-32 experimental aircraft, later redesignated S-37 and then [[Sukhoi Su-47|Su-47]].

Due to a lack of funds after the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]], the MFI was repeatedly delayed and the first flight of the MiG 1.44/1.42 prototype did not occur until 2000, nine years behind schedule.<ref name="Gordon MFI S-37" /> Owing to the high costs, the MFI and LFI were eventually cancelled while the [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Russian Ministry of Defence]] began work on a new next-generation fighter programme; in 1999, the ministry initiated the PAK FA or I-21 programme, with the competition announced in April 2001.{{refn|In the late 1990s, as the status of MFI declined, conceptual work for a next generation fighter was conducted under the LFS ({{langx|ru|link=no|ЛФС}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Лёгкий фронтовой самолёт|Lyogkiy Frontovoy Samolyot|Light Frontline Aircraft}}) until efforts shifted to the PAK FA.|group=N}} Because of Russia's financial difficulties, the programme aimed to rein in costs by producing a single multirole [[fifth-generation fighter]] that would replace both the Su-27 and the MiG-29. Further cost-saving measures include an intended size in between that of the Su-27 and the MiG-29 and normal takeoff weight considerably smaller than the MiG MFI's {{convert|28.6|tonnes|lb}} and the Su-47's {{convert|26.8|tonnes|lbs}}.<ref>Butowski (2021), pp. 21–22</ref><ref>Gordon 2021, pp. 95–96</ref>

Sukhoi's approach to the PAK FA competition differed fundamentally from Mikoyan's; whereas Mikoyan proposed for the three design bureaus ([[Mikoyan]], [[Sukhoi]], and [[Yakovlev]]) to cooperate as a consortium with the winning team leading the design effort, Sukhoi's proposal had itself as the lead designer from the beginning and included a joint work agreement that covered the entire development and production cycle, from propulsion and avionics suppliers to research facilities. Additionally, the two companies had differing design philosophies for the aircraft. Mikoyan's E-721 was smaller and more affordable, with normal takeoff weight of {{convert|16|-|17|tonnes|lb}} and powered by a pair of [[Klimov]] VK-10M engines with 10–11 tonnes (98.1–108&nbsp;kN, 22,000–24,300&nbsp;lbf) of thrust each. In contrast, Sukhoi's T-50 would be comparatively larger and more capable, with normal takeoff weight goal of {{convert|22|-|23|tonnes|lbs}} and powered by a pair of [[Lyulka|Lyulka-Saturn]] AL-41F1 engines each with maximum thrust in the 14.5-tonne (142&nbsp;kN, 32,000&nbsp;lbf) class.<ref name="Butowski2021pp22-24">Butowski (2021), pp. 22–24</ref><ref name="gordon2021pp96-97">Gordon 2021, pp. 96–97</ref>{{refn|While Sukhoi tested forward-swept wings with the Su-47, Soviet and Russian research indicated that such configuration was mainly beneficial at transonic speeds and loses out to conventionally swept wings at supersonic speeds. The forward-swept wing was not chosen for the T-50.<ref>Butowski, p. 13</ref>|group=N}}

In April 2002, the Ministry of Defence selected Sukhoi over Mikoyan as the winner of the PAK FA competition and the lead design bureau of the new aircraft.{{refn|Yakovlev would only participate as a subcontractor for the potential short takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL) module in the future.|group=N}} In addition to the merits of the proposal, Sukhoi's experience in the 1990s was taken into account, with the successful development of various Su-27 derivatives and numerous exports ensuring its financial stability.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 25</ref> According to the Russian Air Force [[Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation|Commander-in-Chief]] [[Vladimir Mikhaylov (general)|Vladimir Mikhaylov]], flight tests were projected to begin in 2007.<ref name="gordon2021pp96-97" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Russia to test PAK-FA in 2007 |agency=Information Telegraph Agency of Russia |date=8 June 2005}}</ref> Mikoyan continued to develop its E-721 as the [[LMFS]] ({{langx|ru|link=no|ЛМФС}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Лёгкий многофункциональный фронтовой самолёт||Light Multifunctional Frontline Aircraft}}) at its own expense.<ref>{{cite news |author=Butowski, Piotr |url=http://www.ato.ru/content/migs-fifth-generation-fighter-builds-new-momentum?sess_=84553c372fffdffd0c0a107a50c04d85 |title=MiG's Fifth Generation Fighter Builds up New Momentum |agency=Russia & CIS Observer |date=1 November 2006 |access-date=14 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514141834/http://www.ato.ru/content/migs-fifth-generation-fighter-builds-new-momentum?sess_=84553c372fffdffd0c0a107a50c04d85 |archive-date=14 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Research and development===
The research and development programme of the PAK FA was called ''Stolitsa'' ({{langx|ru|link=no|Столица||Capital city}}). In 2002, Alexander Davidenko selected as the T-50's chief designer at Sukhoi.<ref name=butowski2021p26>Butowski (2021), p. 26</ref> The [[Novosibirsk Aircraft Production Association]] (NAPO) and [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association]] (KnAAZ) would manufacture the new multi-role fighter, with KnAAZ performing final assembly at [[Komsomol'sk-on-Amur]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Perry |first=Dominic |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/fire-damages-pak-fa-prototype-on-landing-400255/ |title=Fire damages PAK-FA prototype on landing |work=FlightGlobal |date=10 June 2014 |access-date=12 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140614205207/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/fire-damages-pak-fa-prototype-on-landing-400255/ |archive-date=14 June 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="KnAAPO PAK FA page">{{cite web |url=http://www.knaapo.ru/eng/products/t-50/index.wbp |title=KnAAPO PAK FA information page |access-date=23 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308040716/http://www.knaapo.ru/eng/products/t-50/index.wbp |archive-date=8 March 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Following a competition held in 2003, the Tekhnokompleks Scientific and Production Center, Ramenskoye Instrument Building Design Bureau, the [[Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Design]] (NIIP), the [[Ural Optical and Mechanical Plant]] (UOMZ) in [[Yekaterinburg]], the Polet firm in [[Nizhny Novgorod]] and the Central Scientific Research Radio Engineering Institute in Moscow were selected for the development of the PAK FA's avionics suite. In April 2004, NPO Lyulka-Saturn (now [[NPO Saturn]]) was signed as the contractor for the AL-41F1 engines with the development designation ''izdeliye'' 117.<ref>Butowski 2021, p. 27</ref><ref name="izdeliye" group="N">The Russian term {{lang|ru|[[:wikt:изделие|изделие]]}}, [[Romanization of Russian|translit.]] ''izdeliye'' literally means "manufactured article" or "product".</ref>

Sukhoi used existing airframes as testbeds for various subsystems and concepts; the Su-47 tested internal weapon bays, and [[Sukhoi Su-35#Upgraded Su-27|Su-27M]] prototypes served as testbeds for the flight control system and engines.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 16</ref> To reduce developmental risk and spread out associated costs, as well as to bridge the gap with extant [[Fourth generation jet fighter|fourth generation]] fighters, Sukhoi implemented some of the T-50's technology and features, such as propulsion and certain avionics, in an advanced derivative of the Su-27 called the T-10BM ({{langx|ru|link=no|БМ}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|большая модернизация||Major Modernization}}), which was eventually procured by the Russian Ministry of Defence in 2009 and entered service as the [[Sukhoi Su-35|Su-35S]] in 2014.<ref name=interavia20040622>{{cite news |last=Butowski|first=Piotr |title=Halfway to PAK FA: the latest addition to the Su-27 family seeks to bridge the gap to the fifth generation combat aircraft |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-126558892.html |date=22 June 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924122311/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-126558892.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 September 2015|work=Interavia Business & Technology |publisher=Aerospace Media Publishing|access-date=19 April 2013 |oclc=71365085}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Butowski, Piotr |title=Wraps come off new Russian fighters: Russia's so-called "intermediate-generation" fighters made their debut at MAKS 2007 |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-170506722.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105233557/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-170506722.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 November 2013|work=Interavia Business & Technology |publisher=Aerospace Media Publishing  |access-date=19 April 2013 |date=22 September 2007 |oclc=71365085}}</ref>

In December 2004, the T-50's conceptual design and shape was complete and approved by the Ministry of Defence; government funding of the programme began in 2005 and drastically increased in 2006 when detailed design was underway.<ref name="pak_fa_evolution">{{cite web|last1=Коц|first1=Андрей |url=https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20170808/1500000200.html |title=Эволюция ПАК ФА. Как менялся российский истребитель пятого поколения |agency=[[RIA Novosti]] |access-date=12 August 2017 |language=ru|date=8 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811225754/https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20170808/1500000200.html|archive-date=11 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=butowski2021p26/> On 8 August 2007, Russian Air Force Commander-in-Chief [[Alexander Zelin]] was quoted by Russian news agencies that the programme's development stage was complete and construction of the first aircraft for [[flight testing]] would begin, with three flyable T-50 prototypes planned to be built by 2009.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}} In 2009, the aircraft's design was officially approved.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}} The T-50 was named Su-57 in July 2017.<ref name="t50su57"/>

Since the early stages of the PAK FA programme, Russia sought after foreign partnerships on the project to increase funding for its development and also secure large export orders.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 54</ref> On 18 October 2007, Russia and India signed a contract for Sukhoi and [[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited]] (HAL) to jointly develop a derivative of the PAK FA called the [[Sukhoi/HAL FGFA|Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA)]].<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=5125 |title=The contract to develop a sketch and technical project of the Russian-Indian 5th -generation fighter was completed |website=Sukhoi.org |access-date=16 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005190949/http://www.sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=5125 |archive-date=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-Russia-to-ink-new-military-pact/articleshow/5107056.cms |title=India, Russia to ink new military pact |date=10 October 2009 |access-date=11 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705132840/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-10/india/28069553_1_india-and-russia-anatoly-serdyukov-admiral-gorshkov |archive-date=5 July 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2010, India and Russia agreed on a preliminary design contract where each country was to invest $6&nbsp;billion; a memorandum of understanding for the preliminary design was signed in December 2010, and the development of the FGFA was expected to take 8–10&nbsp;years.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/india-russia-to-ink-gen-5-fighter-pact/407746/ |title=India, Russia to Ink gen-5 fighter pact |work=Business Standard |access-date=19 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006223031/http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/india-russia-to-ink-gen-5-fighter-pact/407746/ |archive-date=6 October 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.orfonline.org/cms/sites/orfonline/modules/analysis/AnalysisDetail.html?cmaid=20815&mmacmaid=20816 |title= Medvedev Flair Firms Up Indo-Russian Relations |publisher= Observer Research Foundation |date= 29 December 2010 |access-date= 18 May 2012 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120909001145/http://www.orfonline.org/cms/sites/orfonline/modules/analysis/AnalysisDetail.html?cmaid=20815&mmacmaid=20816 |archive-date= 9 September 2012 }}</ref> By 2014, however, the Indian Air Force began voicing concerns over performance, cost, and workshare. India found that the aircraft does not meet its requirements and eventually left the partnership in 2018.<ref name=india_exit/> Nevertheless, Sukhoi continued to develop and promote the Su-57 for prospective export customers and marketed the aircraft during the 2019 [[Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/87519/lima-2019-russia-set-to-clear-sukhoi-su-57-for-export|title=LIMA 2019: Russia set to clear Sukhoi Su-57 for export|date=28 March 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20190329144231/https://www.janes.com/article/87519/lima-2019-russia-set-to-clear-sukhoi-su-57-for-export|archive-date=29 March 2019|access-date=14 April 2019}}</ref> The export variant, designated Su-57E, was officially unveiled at the MAKS-2019 air show on 28 August 2019.<ref name="Su-57E">{{cite web |url=https://www.janes.com/article/90772/maks-2019-russia-unveils-export-variant-of-su-57|title=MAKS 2019: Russia unveils export variant of Su-57|website=janes.com|date=30 August 2019|access-date=31 August 2019}}</ref>

===Prototyping===
[[File:Sukhoi T-50 in 2011 (4).jpg|thumb|left|Su-57 prototype at the [[MAKS (air show)|MAKS-2011 Air Show]]]]

The T-50's maiden flight was repeatedly postponed from early 2007 after encountering unspecified technical problems. In August 2009, Alexander Zelin acknowledged that problems with the engine and in technical research remained unsolved.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article7007913.ece|title=Russia unveils its first stealth fighter jet – the Sukhoi T-50|work=The Times|first=Tony|last=Halpin|date=30 January 2010|access-date=7 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604163330/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article7007913.ece|archive-date=4 June 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 28 February 2009, Sukhoi general director [[Mikhail Pogosyan]] announced that the airframe was almost finished and that the first prototype should be ready by August 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.india-defence.com/reports-4254 |title=Sukhoi PAK FA Updates: First Prototype by August 2009, Special Software for Indian Versions |publisher=India Defence |date=28 February 2009 |access-date=13 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304133449/http://www.india-defence.com/reports-4254 |archive-date=4 March 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 20 August 2009, Pogosyan said that the first flight would be by year's end. Konstantin Makiyenko, deputy head of the Moscow-based [[Centre for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies]] said that "even with delays", the aircraft would likely make its first flight by January or February, adding that it would take five to ten years for commercial production.<ref>{{cite news |last=Solovyov |first=Dmitry |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idINIndia-41866120090820?feedType=RSS&feedName=worldNews&pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=11584 |title=Interview: Russia's new fighter to fly by yr-end – Sukhoi |work=Reuters |date=20 August 2009 |access-date=20 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100116093405/http://in.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idINIndia-41866120090820?feedType=RSS&feedName=worldNews&pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=11584 |archive-date=16 January 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Flight testing was further delayed when Deputy Prime Minister [[Sergei Ivanov]] announced in December 2009 that the first trials would begin in 2010.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lenta.ru/news/2009/12/24/pakfa/ |title=Начались испытания российского истребителя пятого поколения |trans-title=Russian fifth-generation fighter tests have begun |work=Lenta.ru |date=24 December 2009 |access-date=26 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227060644/http://lenta.ru/news/2009/12/24/pakfa/ |archive-date=27 December 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> The first taxi test was successfully completed on 24 December 2009, and the maiden flight of the first prototype aircraft, T-50-1, occurred on 29 January 2010.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/russian/russia/2009/12/091224_sukhoi_new_runway.shtml |title=Sukhoi fifth-generation fighter taxiing |agency=BBC Russian Service |date=24 December 2009 |access-date=30 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113175116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/russian/russia/2009/12/091224_sukhoi_new_runway.shtml |archive-date=13 January 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="first_flight">{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com:443/pictures-and-video-sukhois-pak-fa-fighter-completes-first-flight/91704.article/ |title=PICTURES & VIDEO: Sukhoi's PAK FA fighter completes first flight |author=Vladimir Karnozov |website=FlightGlobal |access-date=14 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140216062945/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-amp-video-sukhoi39s-pak-fa-fighter-completes-first-337795/ |archive-date=16 February 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Piloted by Sukhoi [[test pilot]] [[Sergei Bogdan|Sergey Bogdan]], the aircraft's 47-minute maiden flight took place at [[KnAAPO]]'s [[Dzemgi Airport]] in the [[Russian Far East]].<ref name="sukhoi.org first flight" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOIKM/2010/01/30&PageLabel=13&EntityId=Ar01301&ViewMode=HTML&GZ=T|title=1st test of 5-Gen fighter in Russia|work=The Times of India|first=Rajat|last=Pandit|access-date=26 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329045028/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOIKM%2F2010%2F01%2F30&PageLabel=13&EntityId=Ar01301&ViewMode=HTML&GZ=T|archive-date=29 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Construction of the prototypes would progress slower than initially planned; by the end of October 2013, the test programme had amassed more than 450 flights across five aircraft.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=5292 |title=Fifth PAK FA fighter aircraft made its first flight in Komsomolsk-on-Amur |website=Sukhoi.org |date=28 October 2013 |access-date=16 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111122320/http://www.sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=5292 |archive-date=11 November 2013}}</ref>

[[File:Sukhoi T-50 MAKS'11 Zherdin.jpg|thumb|right|Su-57 prototype climbing after takeoff, 2011]]
A total of ten flying and three non-flying T-50 prototypes would be built for preliminary flight tests and state trials.<ref name="proto_knaapo">{{cite web |title=Т-50 – Альбомы |url=http://www.knaapo.ru/press-centre/gallery/22/ |publisher=[[KnAAPO]] |access-date=12 August 2017 |language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813005616/http://www.knaapo.ru/press-centre/gallery/22/|archive-date=13 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Initially, the program was planned to have up to six prototypes before the start of serial production; however testing would reveal that the initial prototypes did not have adequate fatigue life, with early structural cracks forming in the airframe.<ref name=butowski2021p44>Butowski (2021), p. 44</ref>

The aircraft subsequently underwent a structural redesign, with changes including increased composite material usage, reinforced airframe to meet full life cycle requirements, elongated tail "sting", and slightly greater wingspan; the sixth flyable prototype was the first of the redesigned "second stage" aircraft, with the five initial prototypes consequently considered "first stage" vehicles and requiring additional structural reinforcements in order to continue flight tests.<ref name="sixthprototype" group="N">The originally planned sixth flying prototype, T-50-6-1, was to be the last "first stage" airframe. After the fifth prototype, T-50-5, was involved in a fire accident, T-50-6-1 was completed using parts salvaged from the written-off T-50-5 and was renamed T-50-5R, carrying the same "055" bort number. While it is essentially a new and distinct airframe, official accounting still considers the two airframes to be the "same", with the R ({{langx|ru|Р}}) {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|ремонтый||repair}}. The sixth flying prototype T-50-6-2, the first "second stage" aircraft, was given the "056" bort number.</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/2760067.html |title=Как сообщается, серийный вариант истребителя Т-50 получил официальное наименование Су-57 |last=bmpd |date=31 July 2017 |website=bmpd |access-date=6 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225093927/http://bmpd.livejournal.com/2760067.html |archive-date=25 February 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="gordon2021p193-197">Gordon (2021), pp. 193–197</ref><ref name="AISep2017">Butowski, Piotr. "Putin's Raptorski". ''[[Air International]]'', Vol. 93, No 3, September 2017, pp.&nbsp;24–27. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing.</ref> The last two flying prototypes were test articles of production Su-57 aircraft with full mission systems on board.<ref name="naked-science.ru">{{cite web |last1=Ведмеденко|first1=Илья |title=Новый экземпляр Су-57 совершил свой первый полет, — источник |url=https://naked-science.ru/article/tech/novyy-su-57-sovershil-svoy-pervyy |website=Naked Science |access-date=12 August 2017 |language=ru|date=7 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807195041/https://naked-science.ru/article/tech/novyy-su-57-sovershil-svoy-pervyy|archive-date=7 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> While the "second stage" structural redesign reduced the weight growth from the required strengthening of the "first stage" design, the normal takeoff weight still increased to approximately {{convert|25|tonnes|lb}}.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 45</ref> Issues and accidents during the testing resulted in repeated delays to the programme, with the delivery of the first production aircraft pushed back from 2015 to 2020.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sysoev |first=Grigoriy |url=http://en.ria.ru/mlitary_news/20120213/171286237.html |title=Russia to Increase Number of 5G Fighters in Test Flights |agency=RIA Novosti |date=13 February 2012 |access-date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417203808/http://en.ria.ru/mlitary_news/20120213/171286237.html |archive-date=17 April 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Procurement===
[[File:Sukhoi T-50 Pichugin 2.jpg|thumb|Sukhoi Su-57 in flight with landing gear deployed, 2010]]

The procurement plans for the PAK FA have been considerably scaled back and delayed from original plans. In 2011, the Ministry of Defence had planned on buying the first 10 aircraft for evaluation after 2012 and 60 production standard aircraft after 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/features/russia-special/pak-fa/ |title=PAK FA – Russia Special Report |work=FlightGlobal |date=2 August 2011 |access-date=10 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528051324/http://www.flightglobal.com/features/russia-special/pak-fa/ |archive-date=28 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> These plans were refined under the State Armament Programme from 2011 to 2020 (GPV-2020), with serial production hoped to begin in 2016; the Ministry of Defence was planning to acquire 52 aircraft by 2020, and another 150–160 by 2025. Additionally, export orders for 250–300 FGFA were expected to begin in 2017.<ref>[http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2011/7/28/446/ "Sukhoi: Development of PAK FA is going on without any failures"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023113751/http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2011/7/28/446/|date=23 October 2014}} ''Russian Aviation'', 28 July 2011.</ref><ref>Butowski (2021), p. 58</ref>

Plans were greatly cut down in 2015 as a result of technical obstacles encountered during testing, India's unclear commitment to the partnership, and Russia's economic downturn due to [[International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War|international sanctions]] after its [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexation of Crimea]] and the drop in oil prices. Russian Deputy Minister of Defence [[Yury Borisov]] stated in 2015 that the Russian Air Force would slow production, reduce its initial order to 12 fighters, and operate large fleets of upgraded [[Fourth-generation jet fighter|fourth-generation]] fighters such as the Su-35S and the [[Sukhoi Su-30|Su-30SM]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rbth.com/economics/2015/03/25/russian_air_force_to_buy_fewer_pak_fa_fighter_aircraft_42179 |title=Russian Air Force to buy fewer PAK FA fighter aircraft |last=Safronov |first=Ivan |date=25 March 2015 |work=Russia & India Report |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714080529/https://www.rbth.com/economics/2015/03/25/russian_air_force_to_buy_fewer_pak_fa_fighter_aircraft_42179|archive-date=14 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://aviationweek.com/blog/t-50-update |title=T-50 Update |magazine=Aviation Week |first=Bill |last=Sweetman |date=21 December 2013 |access-date=24 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528050432/http://aviationweek.com/blog/t-50-update |archive-date=28 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017, Borisov stated that the PAK FA would most likely enter service in 2018 and be part of the new State Armament Programme from 2018 to 2027 (GPV-2027).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/russias-fearsome-new-stealth-fighter-will-enter-service-2018-19467 |title=Russia's Fearsome PAK-FA Stealth Fighter Will Enter Service in 2018 |last=Majumdar |first=Dave |website=The National Interest |date=16 February 2017 |language=en |access-date=9 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409200709/http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/russias-fearsome-new-stealth-fighter-will-enter-service-2018-19467 |archive-date=9 April 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 30 June 2018, an order for 12 aircraft was agreed, while deliveries to the [[Russian Armed Forces]] was pushed back again to 2019 with the first aircraft planned to join fighter regiments at the [[Lipetsk (air base)|Lipetsk Air Center]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |url=https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20180630/1523694698.html |title=Первый контракт на поставку истребителей Су-57 заключат в ближайшее время |language=ru |access-date=30 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701172049/https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20180630/1523694698.html |archive-date=1 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="AIN">{{cite news|url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2018-07-03/russia-places-initial-production-order-stealth-fighter#|title=Russia Places Initial Production Order for Stealth Fighter|last=Karnozov|first=Vladimir|work=Aviation International News Online|access-date=13 July 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713231107/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2018-07-03/russia-places-initial-production-order-stealth-fighter|archive-date=13 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Introduction of the Su-57">{{cite web |url=https://ria.ru/arms/20180714/1524591896.html |title=ЛИПЕЦКИЙ АВИАЦЕНТР СКОРО ПОЛУЧИТ ИСТРЕБИТЕЛИ ПЯТОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ СУ-57 |agency=[[RIA Novosti]] |date=14 July 2018 |access-date=21 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721192055/https://ria.ru/arms/20180714/1524591896.html |archive-date=21 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> At the same time, Borisov praised the Su-35S, stating that it was comparable to the Su-57 except for the stealth features while being more affordable.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=3033426&3033426 |title=Первые истребители Су-57 готовы к отправке в войска |website=[[Russia-24]] |date=30 June 2018 |access-date=21 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721192224/https://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=3033426&3033426 |archive-date=21 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Diplomat">{{cite news|url=https://thediplomat.com/2018/07/russia-will-not-mass-produce-5th-generation-stealth-fighter-jet/|title=Russia Will Not Mass-Produce 5th Generation Stealth Fighter Jet|last=Gady|first=Franz-Stefan|work=The Diplomat|access-date=21 July 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713204438/https://thediplomat.com/2018/07/russia-will-not-mass-produce-5th-generation-stealth-fighter-jet/|archive-date=13 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-admits-defeat-su-57-not-going-into-mass-production-2018-7|title=Russia admits defeat on its 'stealth' F-35 killer by canceling mass production of the Su-57 fighter jet|last=Lockie|first=Alex|work=Business Insider|access-date=21 July 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717082449/http://uk.businessinsider.com/russia-admits-defeat-su-57-not-going-into-mass-production-2018-7|archive-date=17 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Due to the substantially higher cost of the Su-57 compared to the Su-35S and Su-30SM, the design was placed on hold for mass production until the need arises. On 22 August 2018, during the International Military-Technical Forum «ARMY-2018», the Defence Ministry and Sukhoi signed the first contract for delivery of two serial Su-57 fighters scheduled for 2019 and 2020 respectively.<ref name="Two aircraft on order">{{cite web |url=http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5480249 |title=Минобороны и "Сухой" заключили контракт на поставку двух Су-57 |agency=[[TASS]] |date=22 August 2018 |access-date=23 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823105723/http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5480249 |archive-date=23 August 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> In January 2019, the Ministry of Defence announced they hoped to conclude a second contract for 13 more aircraft in 2020.<ref name="Second contract">{{cite web |url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/6003231 |title=Источник: контракт на поставку 13 Су-57 для ВКС России планируется подписать в 2020 году |agency=[[TASS]] |date=15 January 2019 |access-date=17 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116024034/https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/6003231 |archive-date=16 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

However, on 15 May 2019, the acquisition plan drastically changed when Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] announced that 76 aircraft would be purchased and delivered to the Aerospace Forces by 2028. This came after the negotiations were able to lower the price of the Su-57 and equipment by 20%.<ref name="Second contract 2">{{cite web |url=http://tass.com/defense/1058494 |title=Putin says 76 Su-57 jets to be purchased before 2028 |agency=[[TASS]] |date=15 May 2019 |access-date=18 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517080533/http://tass.com/defense/1058494 |archive-date=17 May 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> The contract for the 76 aircraft was formally signed on 27 June 2019 at the International Military-Technical Forum «ARMY-2019».<ref name="76 aircraft on order">{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/6601712|title=Минобороны получит 76 истребителей Су-57|agency=[[TASS]]|date=27 June 2019|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1065905|title=Russian Defense Ministry to get 76 Su-57 fighter jets|agency=[[TASS]]|date=27 June 2019|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref> The same month, General Director of [[Tactical Missiles Corporation]] (KRTV) Boris Obnosov reported, a contract for serial production of ammunition for Su-57 fighters was signed, and is being inducted.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/ekonomika/6803087|title=На "Армии-2019" подписаны контракты на боеприпасы для Су-57|agency=[[TASS]]|date=27 August 2019|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref>

Serial production of the aircraft began in July 2019, with the first production aircraft scheduled to be delivered by the end of the year; following the crash of the first production aircraft, the Russian Aerospace Forces<ref name="VVStoVKS" group="N" /> took delivery of the second Su-57 as its first aircraft in December 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1070884|title=Russia launches serial production of Su-57 fifth-generation fighter jet|agency=[[TASS]]|date=29 July 2019|access-date=25 December 2020}}</ref> By May 2022, four more aircraft were delivered, and production has progressed slower than planned with total of six aircraft delivered by end of the year.<ref name="avia.pro">{{cite web |date=28 May 2022 |title=В Новосибирске замечены два новых истребителя Су-57 |url=https://avia.pro/news/v-novosibirske-zamecheny-dva-novyh-istrebitelya-su-57 |website=avia.pro}}</ref> However, with the opening of new production line in 2022, production of Su-57 increased and in total 12 new aircraft were delivered to Russian Air Force by end of 2023. According to Yuri Slyusar, another 20 aircraft are expected to be built in 2024 what would make the Su-57 the most produced jet fighter in Russia.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

===Further developments===
In 2004, Sukhoi anticipated that the Su-57 could become the basis for a family of combat aircraft for the Russian Aerospace Forces, similar to the Su-27 family.<ref name=interavia20040622/> Under the program name ''Megapolis'' ({{langx|ru|link=no|Мегаполис||Megapolis}}), the company is developing a new variant, designated Su-57M, that augments the base Su-57 design with improved mission systems, reliability and maintenance enhancements, incorporation of electromechanical drives, and the new NPO Saturn ''izdeliye'' 30, or [[Saturn AL-51F-1|AL-51F-1]] engines.

The formal contract was signed in 2018, although preliminary work had begun earlier. In 2020, flight test of the improved variant was planned to begin in 2022, with serial production in the mid-2020s. The second flying T-50 prototype was used to test the new ''izdeliye'' 30 engine starting in 2017; the third prototype was configured for teaming tests with the [[Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik|Okhotnik]] [[UCAV]] in 2018.<ref name="bastion_053">{{cite web |title=Тяжёлый Ударный Беспилотный Летательный Аппарат "Охотник" |url=http://bastion-opk.ru/ohotnik-dpla/ |publisher=bastion-opk.ru |access-date=9 January 2020 |language=ru |archive-date=19 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719144932/http://bastion-opk.ru/ohotnik-dpla/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Additionally, work is underway to make a variant of the aircraft that can operate on aircraft carriers.<ref name="PiBu2021p89">Butowski (2021), p. 89</ref><ref name="Izvestia_electric_engines">{{cite news|url=https://iz.ru/999344/anton-lavrov-aleksei-ramm/nebesnaia-elektromekhanika-su-57-poluchit-printcipialno-novye-dvigateli |title=Небесная электромеханика: Су-57 получит новейшие системы управления |work=[[Izvestia]] |date=27 April 2020 |access-date=2 May 2020 |language=ru }}</ref><ref name="BlgMilitary_electric_engines">{{cite web|url=https://bulgarianmilitary.com/2020/04/27/russia-tries-something-different-an-electric-su-57-fighter-jet/ |title=Russia tries something different – an 'electric' Su-57 fighter jet |website=bulgarianmilitary.com |date=27 April 2020 |access-date=2 May 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/10312083|title=Шойгу заявил, что боевые возможности российской армии за 2020 год возросли на 13%|agency=[[TASS]]|date=21 December 2020|access-date=25 December 2020}}</ref>

Sukhoi has also used technology from the Su-57 to produce a mockup of a more affordable lightweight single-engine aircraft, designated as the [[Sukhoi LTS|LTS]] ({{langx|ru|link=no|ЛТС}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Лёгкий тактический самолёт||Light Tactical Aircraft}}). At the 2021 Moscow Air Show (MAKS-2021), Sukhoi revealed its LTS mockup, named Checkmate, which shares many systems with the Su-57, including radar, main weapons bay, vertical stabilizers, and wings.<ref>{{cite web |last=Donald |first=David |url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2021-07-20/new-sukhoi-fighter-design-unveiled-maks |title=New Sukhoi Fighter Design Unveiled at MAKS |work=Aviation International News |date=20 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://aviationweek.com/defense-space/aircraft-propulsion/sukhoi-unveils-export-oriented-light-fighter |title=Sukhoi Unveils Export-Oriented Light Fighter |work=Aviation Week |date=22 July 2021}}</ref>

{{as of|2024}}, [[International sanctions during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|international sanctions]] on Russia's defence industries has made it far more difficult for Russia to source the Western avionics and micro-electronics that have been essential components of its advanced fighter and attack aircraft cockpits.<ref name="f050">{{cite web | title=Damaged Su-57 Emphasises the Vulnerability of Russian Airbases Near Ukraine | website=Royal United Services Institute | date=10 June 2024 | url=https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/damaged-su-57-emphasises-vulnerability-russian-airbases-near-ukraine | access-date=11 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Seoul |first=Yang Jie in Tokyo and Jiyoung Sohn in |date=19 March 2022 |title=Chip Sanctions Challenge Russia's Tech Ambitions |language=en-US |work=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/chip-sanctions-challenge-russias-tech-ambitions-11647682202 |access-date=29 April 2022 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref>

The [[United Aircraft Corporation]] (UAC) reported that an upgraded Su-57 aircraft made its first flight on 21 October 2022. It is yet unclear whether this airframe represents a Su-57M, as the "second-stage engine" (alluding to the ''Izdeliye'' 30) was reportedly not mounted. The flight was carried out by Russian test-pilot Sergey Bogdan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russia's upgraded Su-57 fifth-generation fighter performs debut flight |url=https://tass.com/defense/1527211 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=TASS |language=en}}</ref>

==Design==
[[File:Sukhoi T-50 Beltyukov.jpg|thumb|Su-57 view from above, showing an early pre-production camouflage similar to the [[Sukhoi Su-35|Su-35]]]]
[[File:PAK FA Prandtl Glauert singularity.jpg|thumb|Pre-production Su-57 [[Vortex|aerodynamic condensation]] at the [[MAKS (air show)|MAKS-2015 Air Show]]|alt=]]

The Su-57 is a [[Fifth-generation jet fighter|fifth-generation]] multirole fighter aircraft and the first operational stealth aircraft for the Russian armed forces. In addition to stealth, the fighter emphasizes supermaneuverability in all aircraft axes, capacious internal payload bays for multirole versatility, and advanced sensor systems such as [[Active electronically scanned array|active phased-array]] radar as well as the [[sensor fusion|integration]] of these systems to achieve high levels of automation.<ref name="KnAAPO PAK FA page"/><ref>{{cite web |last=Karnozov |first=Vladimir |url=https://www.flightglobal.com:443/pictures-and-video-sukhois-pak-fa-fighter-completes-first-flight/91704.article/ |title=Sukhoi's PAK FA fighter completes first flight |work=FlightGlobal |date=29 January 2010 |access-date=1 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140216062945/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-amp-video-sukhoi39s-pak-fa-fighter-completes-first-337795/ |archive-date=16 February 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In the Su-57's design, Sukhoi cited the [[Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor|Lockheed Martin F-22]] as the baseline for a supermaneuverable stealth fighter, but addressed what the bureau considered to be the limitations, such as the inability to use thrust vectoring to induce roll and yaw moments, a lack of space for weapons bays between the engines resulting in insufficient payload, and complications for post-stall recovery if thrust vectoring fails. In particular, Sukhoi considered the F-22 design unsuitable as a multirole fighter required for PAK FA due to the limited payload that was too focused on air-to-air missiles.<ref name="sukhoit50configpatent">{{cite patent |country=RU |number=2440916 C1 |title=Самолет интегральной аэродинамической компоновки, Airplane with integral aerodynamic configuration (Sukhoi patent on T-50 configuration) |pubdate=2012-01-27 |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2440916C1/de}}</ref><ref>Sweetman, Bill. "New moves". ''Aviation Week and Space Technology'', 10 August 2013. p. 43.</ref>

The aircraft has a wide [[blended wing body]] fuselage with two widely spaced engines and has all-moving [[Elevator (aeronautics)|horizontal]] and [[Rudder (aircraft)|vertical stabilisers]], with the vertical stabilisers canted for stealth; the trapezoid wings have [[Flap (aeronautics)#Leading edge flap|leading edge flaps]], [[aileron]]s, and [[flaperon]]s. The aircraft incorporates [[Vectoring nozzle|thrust vectoring]] and large [[leading edge root extension]]s that shift the aerodynamic center forward, increasing static instability and maneuverability. These extensions have adjustable [[Leading–edge extension#Leading–edge vortex controller|leading–edge vortex controllers]] (LEVCONs) designed to control the generated vortices and can provide trim and improve high [[angle of attack]] behaviour, including a quick stall recovery if the thrust vectoring system fails.<ref>{{cite patent |country=RU |number=2503584 |title=Маневренный самолет (Maneuverable aircraft) |url=http://russianpatents.com/patent/250/2503584.html}} {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626122309/http://russianpatents.com/patent/250/2503584.html |date=26 June 2015}}</ref> To [[air brake (aeronautics)|air-brake]], the ailerons deflect up while the flaperons deflect down and the vertical stabilisers toe inward to increase drag.<ref name=AW_T-50_Innovations>{{cite web |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_08_19_2013_p43-605528.xml |last=Sweetman |first=Bill |title=Sukhoi T-50 Shows Flight-Control Innovations |work=Aviation Week |date=19 August 2013 |access-date=16 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020092004/http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=%2Farticle-xml%2FAW_08_19_2013_p43-605528.xml |archive-date=20 October 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> Although the majority of the structural materials are [[alloy]]s with 40.5–44.5% [[aluminum alloy]]s and 18.6% [[titanium alloy]]s, the aircraft makes extensive use of [[Composite material|composites]], with the material comprising 22–26% of the structural weight and approximately 70% of the outer surface.<ref>Gordon 2021, pp. 312</ref>

Designed from the outset as a multirole aircraft, the Su-57 has substantial internal payload capacity that allows the carriage of multiple large air-to-surface ordnance.<ref name=sukhoit50configpatent/> Weapons are housed in two tandem main [[Bomb bay|weapons bays]] in the large ventral volume between the widely spaced engine [[nacelle]]s and smaller side bays with bulged triangular-section fairings near the wing root. Internal weapons carriage eliminates drag from external stores and enables higher performance compared to external carriage, as well as preserving the stealth shaping.<ref>Lake 2010, pp. 26–33.</ref><ref>Butowski (2021), p. 67</ref>

The high degree of static instability (or [[relaxed stability]]) in both pitch and yaw, advanced KSU-50 [[Aircraft flight control system|flight control system]], and canted thrust [[vectoring nozzles]] make the Su-57 [[Departure resistance|departure-resistant]] and [[supermaneuverability|highly maneuverable]] in all axes and enables the aircraft to perform very high angles of attack maneuvers such as the [[Pugachev's Cobra]] and the [[Tailslide|bell maneuver]], along with doing flat rotations with little altitude loss.<ref name=AW_T-50_Innovations/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.businessinsider.sg/interesting-new-video-shows-2-russian-su-57s-landing-at/?r=US&IR=T |title=2 new videos show Russian Su-57s fighters landing at the same time and performing flat spins |website=[[Business Insider]]|date=27 November 2018 |access-date=30 November 2018 |language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130202135/https://www.businessinsider.sg/interesting-new-video-shows-2-russian-su-57s-landing-at/?r=US&IR=T|archive-date=30 November 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> The aerodynamics and engines enable it to achieve speeds of Mach 2 and fly supersonic without afterburners, or [[supercruise]], at Mach 1.3, giving a significant kinematic advantage and extends the effective range of missiles and bombs over previous generations of aircraft.{{refn|The initial maximum speed requirement was Mach 2.35 at high altitude, but this was reduced to Mach 2.15 and then to Mach 2.0 in 2006 order to increase the amount of composites used in the airframe.<ref name=AW_T-50_Innovations/>|group=N}}<ref name="Butowski 2021, p. 27">Butowski (2021), p. 27</ref> Combined with a high fuel load, the fighter has a supersonic range of over {{cvt|1500|km}}, more than twice that of the Su-27.<ref name="AW_T-50_Innovations" /><ref name="AIOct2013">{{cite magazine |last=Butowski |first=Piotr |title=T-50 Turning and Burning over Moscow |pages=79–82 |magazine=Air International |volume=85 |issue=4 October 2013 |location=Stamford, UK |publisher=Key Publishing}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aviaport.ru/digest/2013/05/20/255241.html "Mikhail Pogosyan: T-50 will Provide Reliable Protection Boundaries"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024045431/http://www.aviaport.ru/digest/2013/05/20/255241.html |date=24 October 2014 |datee=24 October 2014}}. ''AviaPort.ru'', 20 May 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2014.</ref> An extendable refueling probe is available to further increase its range.

===Stealth===
The first aircraft in Russian military service to emphasize stealth, the Su-57 employs a variety of methods to reduce its radar signature. Similar to other stealth fighters such as the F-22, the aircraft aligns the planform edges to reduce its [[radar cross-section]] (RCS); the leading and trailing edges of the wings and control surfaces and the [[Serration|serrated]] edges of [[Skin (aeronautics)|skin]] panels are carefully angled to reduce the number of directions the radar waves can be reflected. Weapons are carried internally in weapons bays within the airframe and antennas are recessed from the surface of the skin to preserve the aircraft's stealthy shape, while [[radar absorbent material]] (RAM) coatings absorb radar emissions and reduce the reflection back to the source.

The infrared search-and-track sensor housing is turned backwards when not in use and its rear is also treated with RAM.<ref name="stealth patent">{{cite patent |country=RU |number=RU2502643C2 |status=patent |title=Многофункциональный самолет с пониженной радиолокационной заметностью (Multifunctional aircraft with reduced radar signature) |pubdate=27 December 2013 |fdate=30 December 2011 |url=https://findpatent.ru/patent/250/2502643.html}}</ref><ref name="Su-57's stealth features">{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/article/32190/pak-fa-stealth-features-patent-published |title=PAK FA stealth features patent published |website=[[Jane's Information Group]] |date=10 January 2014 |access-date=21 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023114435/http://www.janes.com/article/32190/pak-fa-stealth-features-patent-published |archive-date=23 October 2014}}</ref> To mask the significant RCS contribution of the engine face, the walls of the inlet ducts are coated with RAM and the partial [[S-duct|serpentine ducts]] obscure most of the engines' compressor face and inlet guide-vanes (IGV); the remaining exposed engine face is masked by a slanted blocker grid placed in front of the IGV at a distance of 0.7–1.2 times the diameter of the duct, similar in principle to the method on the [[Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet|Boeing F/A-18E/F]].<ref name="blocker">{{cite patent |country=RU |number=RU2623031C1 |status=patent |title=Воздухозаборник самолета (Aircraft air intake) |pubdate=2017-06-21 |gdate=2017-06-21 |fdate=2016-06-30 |pridate=2016-06-30 |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2623031C1/ru}}</ref>

The aircraft canopy is coated with 70–90&nbsp;nm thick metal oxide layers with enhanced radar wave absorbing to reduce the radar return of the cockpit by 30% and protect the pilot from the impact of ultraviolet and thermal radiation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tass.com/defense/1039482 |title=Russia's 5th-generation fighter jet gets advanced stealth coating |agency=[[TASS]] |date=11 January 2019 |access-date=14 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115132452/http://tass.com/defense/1039482 |archive-date=15 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> The production tolerances are significantly tighter than previous Russian fighters in order to improve stealth characteristics.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hunter|first=Jamie|title=Check Out These Images Of Russia's Second Su-57 Felon Fighter Under Construction|url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/35667/check-out-these-images-of-russias-second-su-57-felon-fighter-under-construction|access-date=18 October 2020|website=[[The War Zone (publication)|The War Zone]]|date=12 August 2020 }}</ref>

The combined effect of airframe shape and RAM of the production aircraft is estimated to have reduced the aircraft's RCS to a value thirty times smaller than that of the Su-27.<ref name="Butowski, Piotr 2011, p. 34">Butowski, Piotr. "Russian Supercruiser". Air International, February 2011, p. 34. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing.</ref> Sukhoi's patent for the T-50 stealth features cites an intention to reduce average RCS to approximately 0.1 to 1 m<sup>2</sup>, compared to the Su-27's RCS of approximately 10 to 15 m<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="Su-57's stealth features" /><ref>{{Cite patent |country=RU |number=2502643 |title=Многофункциональный самолет с пониженной радиолокационной заметностью (Multifunctional aircraft with reduced radar signature) |url=https://findpatent.ru/patent/250/2502643.html}}</ref> The Su-57's design emphasizes frontal stealth, with RCS-reducing features most apparent in the forward hemisphere; the shaping of the aft fuselage is less optimized for radar stealth compared to American stealth designs such as the F-22 and [[Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II|F-35]], likely as a result of cost reduction as well as the Russian doctrine of operating the aircraft within the umbrella of friendly integrated [[air defense system]]s.<ref name="AW_T-50_Innovations" />

As with other stealth fighters, the Su-57's low observability measures are chiefly effective against [[super-high-frequency]] (between 3 and 30 [[Gigahertz|GHz]]) radars, usually found on other aircraft. The effects of [[Rayleigh scattering]] and resonance mean that [[low-frequency radar]]s, employed by [[weather radar]]s and [[early-warning radar]]s are more likely to detect the Su-57 due to its size. Such radars are also large, susceptible to [[clutter (radar)|clutter]] and are less precise.<ref>Plopsky, Guy and Fabrizio Bozzato. [https://thediplomat.com/2014/08/the-f-35-vs-the-vhf-threat/ "The F-35 vs. The VHF Threat"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226203753/https://thediplomat.com/2014/08/the-f-35-vs-the-vhf-threat/ |date=26 December 2014}}. ''The Diplomat'', 21 August 2014.</ref><ref>Ralston, J; Heagy, J; et al. [http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a359931.pdf "Environmental/Noise Effects on UHF/VHF UWB SAR"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102110548/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a359931.pdf |date=2 January 2015}}. ''dtic.mil'', September 1998. Retrieved 2 January 2015.</ref> The aircraft has been scrutinized for the rough production quality, particularly on test aircraft often used for flight and static displays; production aircraft generally have better quality.<ref name="Aviationist">{{cite news|url= https://theaviationist.com/2024/11/04/prototypes-of-su-57-zhuhai-airshow/ |title= Prototypes of Su-57 Make Debut at Chinese Airshow, Offering Unprecedented Access to the 'Felon' |author= Stefano D'Urso| author2=Parth Satam |agency= theaviationist |date=4 November 2024|access-date=9 November 2024|language=en}}</ref>

===Engines===
{{main|Saturn AL-31#AL-41F1|Saturn AL-51F-1}}

The Su-57 is powered by a pair of NPO Lyulka-Saturn [[Saturn AL-31#AL-41F1 (izdeliye 117)|''izdeliye'' 117]], or AL-41F1, augmented turbofans.<ref name="NPO Saturn">[http://www.npo-saturn.ru/?act=gm_look&id=1264762617 "NPO."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201002003/http://www.npo-saturn.ru/?act=gm_look&id=1264762617 |date=1 February 2010}} ''Saturn Press Release'', 29 January 2010. Retrieved 26 January 2011.</ref> The engine is a highly improved and uprated variant of the [[Saturn AL-31|AL-31]] and produces 9 tonnes (88.3&nbsp;[[Newton (unit)#Kilonewtons|kN]], 19,840&nbsp;[[Pound (force)|lbf]]) of dry thrust, 14.5 tonnes (142.2&nbsp;kN, 31,970&nbsp;lbf) of thrust in afterburner, and 15 tonnes (147.1&nbsp;kN, 33,070&nbsp;lbf) of thrust in "special" emergency power. The engines have full authority digital engine control ([[FADEC]]) and are integrated into the flight control system to facilitate maneuverability and handling.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 73</ref><ref name=AW_T-50_Innovations/> The AL-41F1 is closely related to the Lyulka-Saturn ''izdeliye'' 117S engine, or AL-41F1S, used by the Su-35S, with the latter's separate engine control system being the key difference.<ref name="AI_Oct2019">{{cite magazine |last=Butowski |first=Piotr |date=October 2019 |title=The Final Flanker; Russian Fifth-Gen |url=https://airinternational.keypublishing.com/the-magazine/view-issue/?issueID=7800 |magazine=Air International |location=London |publisher=Key Publishing |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-date=7 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007134415/https://airinternational.keypublishing.com/the-magazine/view-issue/?issueID=7800 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The aircraft employs [[thrust vectoring|thrust vector control]] (TVC) where the vectoring nozzles' rotational axes are each canted at an angle, similar to the nozzle arrangement first employed on the [[Sukhoi Su-30MKI|Su-30MKI]] and also used on Su-35S. The nozzles themselves vector in only one plane; the canting allows roll and yaw moments by vectoring each nozzle differentially, thus enabling the aircraft to produce thrust vectoring moments about all three aircraft axes, [[Flight dynamics|pitch, yaw and roll]]. The engine inlet incorporates variable [[intake ramp]]s for supersonic efficiency and retractable mesh screens to prevent engine damage from [[foreign object damage|foreign object debris]] ingestion especially when operating in short, austere runways.<ref name=AW_T-50_Innovations/> In 2014, the Indian Air Force openly expressed concerns over the reliability and performance of the AL-41F1; during the 2011 [[MAKS (air show)|Moscow Air Show]] (MAKS-2011), a Su-57 suffered a [[compressor stall]] that forced the aircraft to abort takeoff.<ref>Shukla, Ajai. [http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/russia-can-t-deliver-on-fifth-generation-fighter-aircraft-iaf-114012100059_1.html "Russia can't deliver on Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft: IAF".] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021141540/http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/russia-can-t-deliver-on-fifth-generation-fighter-aircraft-iaf-114012100059_1.html |date=21 October 2014}} ''business-standard.com'', 21 January 2014.</ref>

The planned Su-57M will be equipped with a new engine from NPO Saturn in the mid-2020s under the development designation ''izdeliye'' 30 and eventually designated AL-51F-1. The powerplant is designed with an estimated thrust of 11 tonnes (107.9&nbsp;kN, 24,300&nbsp;lbf) dry and 17 tonnes (167&nbsp;kN, 37,500&nbsp;lbf) in afterburner. In addition to improved performance, reliability, and costs compared to the AL-41F1, the AL-51F-1 will also reduce the aircraft's radar and infrared signature with glass-fibre plastic IGVs and a new nozzle with serrated flaps.<ref>{{cite web |last=Butowski |first=Piotr |url=https://aviationweek.com/defense-space/future-su-57-next-generation-engine-uncertain |title=Future Of Su-57 Next-Generation Engine Uncertain |work=Aviation Week |date=6 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://defense-update.com/20171217_su-57_production-2.html |title=Russian Air Force to Receive the First Production Su-57 in 2018 – Defense Update |date=17 December 2017 |website=Defense-update.com |access-date=18 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171221004346/http://defense-update.com/20171217_su-57_production-2.html |archive-date=21 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2023, it was reported that [[UEC Saturn]] is developing an alternative non-axisymmetric "flat" nozzle for the Su-57; flight testing began in late 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://theaviationist.com/2024/12/11/russian-su-57-spotted-with-flat-2d-thrust-vectoring-nozzle/ |title=Russian Su-57 Spotted With Flat 2D Thrust Vectoring Nozzle |work=The Aviationist |date=11 December 2024}}</ref> Because the flat nozzle was requested well after Sukhoi had finalized the Su-57 design, Saturn designed the nozzle to fit with minimal changes to the airframe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 May 2022 |title=ОКБ им. А. Люльки и РАН договорились о работах по полноразмерному детонационному двигателю |url=https://new.ras.ru/activities/news/okb-im-a-lyulki-i-ran-dogovorilis-o-rabotakh-po-polnorazmernomu-detonatsionnomu-dvigatelyu/ |access-date=3 July 2023 |website=Российская академия наук |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Butowski |first=Piotr |url=https://aviationweek.com/defense-space/aircraft-propulsion/russias-fighter-engine-development-slow-going |title=Russia's Fighter Engine Development Is Slow Going |work=Aviation Week |date=24 July 2023}}</ref>

===Armament===
The Su-57 has two tandem main internal weapon bays each approximately {{convert|4.4|m|ft|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|0.9|m|ft|abbr=on}} wide and two side weapon bays with triangular section fairings under the fuselage near the wing root.<ref>{{cite patent |country=RU |number=2614871 |title=Грузовой отсек самолета (Aircraft cargo hold) |pubdate=24 June 2015 |gdate=10 January 2017 |url=https://findpatent.ru/patent/261/2614871.html}}</ref> The main bays have two types of ejection launchers made by [[Vympel NPO|Vympel]], the UVKU-50L for missiles weighing up to {{convert|300|kg|lb|abbr=on}}, and the UVKU-50U for ordnance weighing up to {{convert|700|kg|lb|abbr=on}}; the side bays use the VPU-50 launch rails.<ref name="Butowski, Piotr 2007"/><ref name="JanesMissilesRockets"/>

For air-to-air combat, the Su-57 carries four [[beyond-visual-range missile]]s in its two main weapons bays and two short-range missiles in the side bays.<ref>[http://www.i-mash.ru/news/nov_otrasl/44702-pak-fa-ukomplektujut-cifrovymi-raketami.html "PAK FA will complement digital missiles"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022020506/http://www.i-mash.ru/news/nov_otrasl/44702-pak-fa-ukomplektujut-cifrovymi-raketami.html |date=22 October 2014}}. ''Machine Resource'' i-mash.ru (RU), 3 December 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2014.</ref> The primary medium-range missile is the active radar-homing [[R-77|K/R-77M]] (''izdeliye'' 180),{{refn|Soviet and Russian missile under development are given the K prefix, which becomes the R prefix when the weapon becomes operational.|group=N}} an upgraded R-77 variant with AESA seeker, dual-pulse motor, and conventional rear fins.<ref name="Su57missiles"/> The short-range missile is the infrared-homing ("heat seeking") [[R-73 (missile)|R-74M2]] (''izdeliye'' 760), an upgraded R-74 variant with reduced cross-section for internal carriage.<ref name="JanesMissilesRockets">"Vympel plans to develop air-to-air missiles for Russia's PAK FA fighter". ''Jane's Missiles and Rockets''. 19 May 2006</ref><ref>Barrie, Douglas and Pyadushkin, Maxim. "R-77, R-73 Missile Upgrades Emerge". ''[[Aviation Week]]''. 13 August 2009</ref> A clean-sheet design short-range missile designated K-MD (''izdeliye'' 300) is being developed to eventually replace the R-74M2.<ref name="Butowski, Piotr 2007">Butowski, Piotr. ''Russia and CIS Observer''. 17 June 2007.</ref> For longer ranged applications, the Su-57 can carry the ''izdeliye'' 810 missile, a further development of the [[R-37 (missile)|R-37M]] with shorter control surfaces and updated motor and seeker, with two in each main weapons bay; the R-37M could be carried externally.<ref name="R-37_thediplomat">{{cite news |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/02/report-russia-has-developed-prototype-of-air-to-ground-hypersonic-missile-for-su-57/ |title=Report: Russia Has Developed Prototype of Air-to-Ground Hypersonic Missile for Su-57 |agency=[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]] |date=25 February 2020 |access-date=13 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305093800/https://thediplomat.com/2020/02/report-russia-has-developed-prototype-of-air-to-ground-hypersonic-missile-for-su-57/ |archive-date=5 March 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Su57missiles">{{cite web |last=Butowski |first=Piotr |url=https://aviationweek.com/defense-space/missile-defense-weapons/model-reveals-new-russian-air-air-missile-sukhoi-su-57 |title=Model Reveals New Russian Air-To-Air Missile For The Sukhoi Su-57 |date=7 February 2024 |work=Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>

For striking surface targets, the aircraft can carry the {{convert|250|kg|lb|abbr=on}} KAB-250 or {{convert|500|kg|lb|abbr=on}} KAB-500 [[Precision-guided munition|precision guided bombs]] in its main bays. Internal weapons also include the [[Kh-38M]] air-to-ground missile, [[Kh-35|Kh-35U]] (AS-20 "Kayak") anti-ship missile, [[Kh-58|Kh-58UShK]] (AS-11 "Kilter") [[anti-radiation missile]], and [[Kh-59|Kh-69]] (originally designated Kh-59MK2) cruise missile.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://en.ria.ru/mlitary_news/20120131/171043005.html |title=Russia to Field Air-Launched Missiles for T-50 by 2014 |agency=RIA Novosti |date=31 January 2012 |access-date=13 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204111519/http://en.ria.ru/mlitary_news/20120131/171043005.html |archive-date=4 February 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> For missions that do not require stealth, the Su-57 can carry stores on its six external hardpoints which can use most Russian tactical fighter weapons. New hypersonic missile with characteristics similar to the [[Kh-47M2 Kinzhal]] ALBM is also being developed for the Su-57. The missile is to have intra-body accommodation and smaller dimensions to allow it to be carried inside the Su-57's main bays.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/3444142.html |title=Истребитель пятого поколения Су-57 получит на вооружение гиперзвуковую ракету |website=bmpd.livejournal.com|date=7 December 2018 |access-date=27 December 2018}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=November 2023}}

The aircraft has a 9A1-4071K ([[Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-1|GSh-30-1]]) 30&nbsp;mm [[autocannon]] with 150 cartridges mounted internally near the right LEVCON root. The weapon has an effective range of {{convert|800|m|yd|abbr=on}} against aerial targets and {{convert|1800|m|yd|abbr=on}} against surface targets.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vpk.name/news/125024_rossiiskii_samolet_pyatogo_pokoleniya_t50_poluchit_uluchshennuyu_aviapushku.html |title=Российский самолет пятого поколения Т-50 получит улучшенную авиапушку |work=vpk.name |date=20 January 2015 |access-date=1 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407032017/http://vpk.name/news/125024_rossiiskii_samolet_pyatogo_pokoleniya_t50_poluchit_uluchshennuyu_aviapushku.html |archive-date=7 April 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://theaviationist.com/2016/09/18/video-of-live-fire-tests-of-the-russian-t-50-stealth-fighters-30-mm-gun-appears-online/ |title=Video of live fire tests of the Russian T-50 stealth fighter's 30 mm gun appears online |date=18 September 2016 |work=The Aviationist |access-date=30 November 2018 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130155143/https://theaviationist.com/2016/09/18/video-of-live-fire-tests-of-the-russian-t-50-stealth-fighters-30-mm-gun-appears-online/ |archive-date=30 November 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Cockpit===
The Su-57 has a [[glass cockpit]] with no analogue gauges; information is displayed on two {{convert|38|cm|in|abbr=on}} main multi-functional [[Liquid-crystal display|LCD]] displays similar to the arrangement of the Su-35S. Supplementing the primary display is a smaller multi-functional display and digital control panel. The cockpit has a wide-angle (30° by 22°) [[head-up display]] (HUD). Primary controls are the [[joystick]] and a pair of throttles, with all major functions controlled with hands on throttle and stick ([[HOTAS]]).<ref name=butowski2021p76>Butowski (2021), p. 76</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Trimble |first=Stephen |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/the-dewline/2010/03/sukhoi-reveals-t-50-cockpit-la/ |title=Sukhoi reveals T-50 cockpit layout and static airframe |work=FlightGlobal |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=28 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215084254/http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/the-dewline/2010/03/sukhoi-reveals-t-50-cockpit-la/ |archive-date=15 December 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> The aircraft uses a two-piece [[Aircraft canopy|canopy]], with the aft section sliding forward and locking into place. The canopy is treated with metallized coatings to reduce the aircraft's radar signature.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}} The Su-57 integrated computer system at Chip "1890VM8Ya" – FGU FSC NIISI (in Russian).{{clarify|Make this a complete and coherent sentence|date=August 2023}}<ref>[https://uacrussia.livejournal.com/61632.html {{lang|ru|Многоядерный Т-50: на новом российском истребителе ИМА БК заменила «Багет»}}] Russian Developers noted that "1890VM8Ya" microprocessor used in the CPU module on TSP16 Sukhoi Su-57 "fifth-generation jet fighter" and Su-35 "4++ generation jet fighter".</ref><ref>[http://niisi.tech/?page_id=127 Chip "1890VM8Ya" – FGU FSC NIISI] Russian Semiconductor Foundry Company Group provides contract manufacturing services according to technological standards from 250nm to 65 nm with a focus on the following technologies.</ref><ref>[https://www.niisi.ru/1890ВМ8Я.pdf {{lang|ru|1890ВМ8Я – фгу фнц нииси ран}}] Russian 2-core 64-bit superscalar microprocessor with architecture KOMDIV64 with built-in system and peripheral controllers, second-level cache memory and additional functions for digital signal processing. Manufacturing technology of 65 nm CMOS. Serial production since 2016.</ref>

The aircraft uses the [[NPP Zvezda]] [[NPP Zvezda K-36|K-36D-5]] ejection seat and the SOZhE-50 [[Life support (aviation)|life support system]], which comprises the [[g suit|anti-g]] and oxygen generating system. The pilot is equipped with a ZSh-10B helmet which mounts the NSTsI-50 digital display system, which enhances pilot situational awareness through pupil tracking and allows engagement of targets at high angles off-boresight. The {{convert|30|kg|lb|abbr=on}} oxygen generating system provides the pilot with unlimited oxygen supply.<ref>[http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2013/7/19/1822/ "PAK FA fighter was fitted with advanced oxygen supply system".] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023113606/http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2013/7/19/1822/ |date=23 October 2014}}, ''RuAviation.com'', 19 July 2013</ref> The life support system enables pilots to perform 9-g maneuvers for up to 30 seconds at a time, while the ejection seat and the new PPK-7 [[flight suit]] allows safe ejection at altitudes from 0 to {{cvt|20000|m}} and instrument airspeeds from 0 to {{cvt|1300|km/h|mph}}; the system also includes a survival kit to assist the pilot after ejection.<ref name=butowski2021p76/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zvezda-npp.ru/ru/node/118 |title=Катапультное кресло К-36Д-5 |language=ru |work=NPP Zvezda |access-date=12 October 2021 |archive-date=23 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023233151/http://www.zvezda-npp.ru/ru/node/118 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zvezda-npp.ru/ru/node/93 |title=Противоперегрузочный костюм "ППК-7" |language=ru |work=NPP Zvezda |access-date=12 October 2021 |archive-date=30 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130030424/http://www.zvezda-npp.ru/ru/node/93 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Avionics===
[[File:PAK FA AESA maks2009.jpg|thumb|left|N036-1-01 X-band AESA radar]]

One of the main technical goals of the PAK FA programme is to achieve total integration of avionics systems, or sensor fusion, increase the pilot's situational awareness and reduce workload. Integration of the Su-57's onboard systems is controlled by an IUS ({{langx|ru|link=no|ИУС}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Информационно-управляющая система||Information Management System}}), with its computer system developed by GRPZ from [[Ryazan]]. The main avionics systems are the ''Sh-121'' ({{langx|ru|link=no|Ш-121}}) multifunctional integrated radio electronic system (MIRES) and the ''101KS "Atoll"'' ({{langx|ru|link=no|101КС "Атолл"}}) electro-optical system.<ref name=butowski2021pp78-82>Butowski 2021, pp. 78–82</ref> In a departure from prior Sukhoi aircraft, the IUS systems integration was performed by Sukhoi itself rather than RPKB of Ramenskoye. The integrated avionics suite, called IMA BK ({{langx|ru|link=no|ИМА БК}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Интегрированной модульной авионики боевых комплексов||Integrated Modular Avionics Combat Systems}}), uses fibre optic channels and runs on over 4 million [[Source lines of code|lines of code]].<ref name=":5">{{cite news |url=https://www.aviationtoday.com/2018/11/23/russia-completes-testing-su-57-avionics-complex/ |title=Russia Completes Testing of Su-57 Avionics 'Complex' – Avionics |date=23 November 2018 |work=Avionics |access-date=30 November 2018 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130155120/https://www.aviationtoday.com/2018/11/23/russia-completes-testing-su-57-avionics-complex/ |archive-date=30 November 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2017/april/3405-sukhoi-starts-testing-new-ima-bk-fms-on-russia-s-pak-fa-fighter.html |title=Sukhoi starts testing new IMA BK FMS on Russia's PAK FA fighter |website=airrecognition.com |language=en-gb |access-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130113115/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2017/april/3405-sukhoi-starts-testing-new-ima-bk-fms-on-russia-s-pak-fa-fighter.html |archive-date=30 November 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="butowski2021p76"/>

[[File:MAKS Airshow 2013 (Ramenskoye Airport, Russia) (523-37).jpg|thumb|right|N036B-1-01 X-band AESA side-looking radar]]
[[File:AESA L NIIP maks2009.jpg|thumb|right|N036L-1-01 L-band array]]
The Sh-121 consists of the [[Byelka (radar)|N036 Byelka]] radar system and L402 Himalayas [[electronic countermeasures]] (ECM) system. Developed by Tikhomirov NIIP Institute, the N036 consists of the main nose-mounted N036-1-01 [[X band]] active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, or in Russian nomenclature, active [[Phased array|phased array radar]] ({{langx |ru|link=no|АФАР|AFAR}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Активная фазированная антенная решётка}}), with 1,514 [[transceiver|T/R modules]] and two [[Side looking airborne radar|side-looking]] N036B-1-01 X-band AESA radars with 404 T/R modules embedded in the cheeks of the forward fuselage for increased angular coverage.<ref>Butowski (2021), pp. 78–79</ref> The nose antenna is tilted backwards for stealth. Moreover, the side-looking radar could enable the Su-57 to employ beaming tactics while still able to guide its own missile.<ref name=":8" /> The suite also has two N036L-1-01 [[L band]] transceivers on the wing's leading edge flaps that are not only used to handle the N036Sh Pokosnik (Reaper) [[Identification friend or foe|friend-or-foe identification]] (IFF) system but also for [[electronic warfare]] purposes. Processing of the X- and L-band signals by the N036YeVS and GRPZ Solo-21 computers enable the system's information to be significantly enhanced.<ref name=butowski2021pp78-82/> The L402 Himalayas ECM suite made by the [[Concern Radio-Electronic Technologies#Structure|Kaluga Research Radio Engineering Institute]] uses both its own arrays and the N036 radar system, with one of its arrays mounted in the dorsal sting between the two engines.<ref name="ria.ru">{{cite news |url=http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20140424/1005305871.html |trans-title=The newest Russian fighter got one of the key elements |title=Новейший российский истребитель получил один из ключевых элементов |agency=RIA Novosti |date=24 April 2013 |access-date=29 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140428131143/http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20140424/1005305871.html |archive-date=28 April 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Redundant radio telephone communication and encrypted data exchange among various aircraft and also command centers (ground and sea-based and airborne) are provided by the S-111 system, developed by [[Production Corporation Polyot|Polyot]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2017/8/16/9491/?h |title=Certification tests of the communication system for Su-57 will be completed this year  |website=ruaviation.com – Russian Aviation |access-date=30 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://tass.com/defense/960570 |title=Communication equipment for Sukhoi-57 jet to be completed in 2017 |agency=TASS |access-date=18 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230143550/http://tass.com/defense/960570 |archive-date=30 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:MAKS2015part8-49.jpg|thumb|left|101KS-O DIRCM turret]]
The [[Urals Optical-Mechanical Plant|UOMZ]] 101KS "Atoll" electro-optical system consisted of the 101KS-V [[infrared search and track]] (IRST), 101KS-O directional infrared counter measures ([[DIRCM]]), 101KS-U [[ultraviolet]] [[Missile Approach Warning|missile approach warning sensors]] (MAWS), 101KS-P thermal imager for low altitude flight and landing, and 101KS-N navigation and [[targeting pod]].<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |url=https://globaldefencewatch.com/sukhoi-57s-targetting-pod-101ks-n-spotted/ |title=Sukhoi-57's Targetting Pod 101KS-N Spotted |website=Global Defence Watch |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203163824/https://globaldefencewatch.com/sukhoi-57s-targetting-pod-101ks-n-spotted/ |archive-date=3 December 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The IRST turret is mounted on the starboard side in front of the cockpit and can track multiple targets simultaneously. When not in use, the receiver is turned backwards and its rear is treated with RAM to preserve stealth. Additionally, the Su-57 is the first fighter to mount a DIRCM system, with one turret mounted behind the canopy and another mounted under the cockpit.<ref name=":8">{{cite news |url=http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/20434/no-the-su-57-isnt-junk-six-features-we-like-on-russias-new-fighter |title=No, The Su-57 Isn't 'Junk:' Six Features We like on Russia's New Fighter |date= 30 April 2018 |last=Rogoway |first=Tyler |access-date=30 November 2018 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130202147/http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/20434/no-the-su-57-isnt-junk-six-features-we-like-on-russias-new-fighter |archive-date=30 November 2018 |url-status=live |website=[[The War Zone (publication)|The War Zone]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/17136/su-30s-acted-as-infrared-heat-traps-for-putins-arrival-in-syria-aboard-a-tu-214pu |title=Su-30s Acted As Infrared "Heat Traps" For Putin's Arrival in Syria Aboard A Tu-214PU |last=Rogoway |first=Tyler |access-date=3 December 2018 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203104033/http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/17136/su-30s-acted-as-infrared-heat-traps-for-putins-arrival-in-syria-aboard-a-tu-214pu |archive-date=3 December 2018 |url-status=live |website=[[The War Zone (publication)|The War Zone]]}}</ref> The aircraft is capable of deploying countermeasures such as flares and radar decoys, as well as single-use programmable ECM transmitters. The dispensers for these countermeasures are mounted in the tail boom between the engines.<ref name=butowski2021p83>Butowski (2021), p. 83</ref>

For in-flight navigation, the Su-57 uses the BINS-SP2M [[inertial navigation]] system developed by [[Concern Radio-Electronic Technologies]] (KRET). The system can also integrate with [[GLONASS]], and is controlled by the IVS-50 computing system.<ref name=butowski2021p83/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.defenseworld.net/news/11616/Sukhoi_T_50_Aircraft_To_Get_New_Navigation_System|title=Sukhoi T-50 Aircraft To Get New Navigation System|website= defenseworld.net|access-date=1 December 2019}}</ref> In 2016, KRET announced it is developing a multifunctional video processing system called "Okhotnik" (Hunter) to increase the Su-57's target detection range as well as to improve automatic detection and tracking of targets.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ria.ru/20160729/1473173131.html |title=КРЭТ разрабатывает новейшую систему обнаружения целей для ПАК ФА |agency=RIA Novosti |date=29 July 2016 |access-date=21 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221113508/https://ria.ru/20160729/1473173131.html |archive-date=21 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2016/august/2801-kret-develops-new-okhotnik-target-detection-system-for-russia-s-pak-fa-fighter-jet.html |title=KRET develops new Okhotnik target detection system for Russia's PAK FA fighter jet |website=airrecognition.com |date=1 August 2016 |access-date=21 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221165629/http://airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2016/august/2801-kret-develops-new-okhotnik-target-detection-system-for-russia-s-pak-fa-fighter-jet.html |archive-date=21 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> A monitoring system allows real-time assessment of the aircraft's condition and predict the remaining 'life' of the composite parts of the aircraft by transmitting information through optical fibers, with sensitivity to mechanical influences, woven into the structure. This allows a more efficient maintenance and repair process.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ria.ru/arms/20170711/1498299964.html |title=В России разработали "нервную систему" для самолетов будущего |date=11 July 2017 |agency=RIA Novosti |access-date=8 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208175022/https://ria.ru/arms/20170711/1498299964.html |archive-date=8 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://weaponews.com/news/11492-fpi-presented-a-model-of-the-nervous-system-of-the-future-fighter.html |title=FPI presented a model of the 'nervous system' of the future fighter |website=Weaponews.com |access-date=8 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208175254/http://weaponews.com/news/11492-fpi-presented-a-model-of-the-nervous-system-of-the-future-fighter.html |archive-date=8 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> The Su-57 could also serve as a testbed for advanced AI and man-unmanned teaming technologies intended for use in a future [[Sixth-generation jet fighter#Russia|sixth-generation fighter]] program. The aircraft has also tested autonomous flight without pilot input.<ref name="RIA_unmanned_1">{{cite news |url=https://ria.ru/20200516/1571532127.html |title=Источник: Су-57 отрабатывает беспилотный режим в ходе испытаний |agency=[[RIA Novosti]] |date=16 May 2020 |access-date=16 May 2020 |language=ru }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Russia's Su-57 plane tests onboard systems for 6th-generation fighter jet — source|url=https://tass.com/defense/1013337/amp|access-date=29 June 2020|agency=TASS}}</ref>

==Operational history==

=== Testing and trials ===
[[File:Sukhoi Design Bureau, 054, Sukhoi Su-57 (49581306132).jpg|thumb|Su-57 flying upside down]]

Even before the first flight of the T-50 prototype, several subsystems were tested on other aircraft for validation and risk reduction; an Su-27M was used to test the AL-41F1 engine on 21 January 2010, while another tested the KSU-50 flight control system.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 43</ref> The T-50 prototype conducted its first high speed taxi run on 21 January 2010 and had its maiden flight several days later on 29 January 2010.<ref name="first_flight"/> First supersonic flight occurred on 14 March 2011 at a test range near Komsomolsk-on-Amur.<ref name= "Butowski 2021, p. 27"/>

The Su-57 tests consisted of preliminary trials PI ({{langx|ru|link=no|ПИ}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label=short for|Предварительные испытания}}) conducted by Sukhoi at the [[Gromov Flight Research Institute]] (LII, {{langx|ru|link=no|ЛИИ}}) at [[Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast|Zhukovsky]], as well as two stages of joint state trials GSI ({{langx|ru|link=no|ГСИ}}, {{langx|ru|link=no|label= short for|Государственные совместные испытания}}) conducted by the Ministry of Defence at the [[929th State Flight Test Centre named for V. P. Chkalov|929th State Flight Test Centre]] (GLITs, {{langx|ru|ГЛИЦ}}) at [[Akhtubinsk]].<ref name= "RuAviation1">{{cite web |url= http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2014/5/28/2343/ |title= Russian air forces started the state testing of T-50 fighter | work = Russian Aviation |access-date=28 May 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140602201205/http://www.ruaviation.com/news/2014/5/28/2343/ |archive-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> The completion of GSI-1 resulted in the acceptance of the aircraft's [[airworthiness]], and the completion of GSI-2, which tests the mission systems and armaments, clears the Su-57 for operational service. The preliminary trials and state trials occurred with some overlap with each other.<ref name= Butowski2021pp44-46>Butowski (2021), pp. 44–46</ref>

Early flight tests revealed that the initial T-50 design had serious problems with structural strength and fatigue; when the first two prototypes were showcased publicly in MAKS-2011, the airframes cracked despite flying with a restrictive 5–''g'' limit, which necessitated grounding and structural reinforcing for over a year as well as a "second stage" structural redesign.<ref name= butowski2021p44/> Of the ten flying and three non-flying T-50 prototypes, the three non-flying prototypes tested static flight loads, one each for "first stage" and "second stage" structures, and avionics integration. The first two flying prototypes tested flight characteristics and basic mechanical systems, and thus had no mission systems. Testing of mission systems such as the radar and electronic warfare suite began from the third prototype onwards, with each subsequent aircraft having slight variations in the arrangement of avionics and sensor systems.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |url=http://aviationweek.com/awin/three-more-sukhoi-t-50-prototypes-fly-next-12-months |title=Three More Sukhoi T-50 Prototypes To Fly in Next 12 Months|last=Komarov|first=Alexey|date=8 March 2010 |website=Aviation Week |access-date=30 January 2019}}</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20130121083052/http://www.defpro.com/news/details/38365/?SID=6359fad858f10a6e854567fa5c99fe96 "Sukhoi Begins Testing Onboard Radar System for T-50 Aircraft"]. ''Sukhoi Company'', 8 August 2012.</ref><ref>Karnozov, Vladimir. [http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-defense-perspective/2012-08-31/sukhoi-t-50-moves-radar-flight-refueling-tests "Sukhoi T-50 Moves to Radar, In-flight Refueling Tests"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914115124/http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-defense-perspective/2012-08-31/sukhoi-t-50-moves-radar-flight-refueling-tests |date=14 September 2014}}. ''Aviation International News'', 31 August 2012.</ref> The final pre-production aircraft were equipped with full mission systems and tested the overall integrated avionics.<ref name=":6">{{cite news |url=https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20170808/1500000200.html |title=Эволюция ПАК ФА. Как менялся российский истребитель пятого поколения |date=8 August 2017 |work=РИА Новости |access-date=30 November 2018 |language=ru |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811225754/https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20170808/1500000200.html |archive-date=11 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

By February 2014, the first phase of preliminary trials, PI-1, had concluded;{{refn|Conclusion of PI-1 in February 2014 saw envelope expansion to Mach 1.7, instrument airspeed of {{convert|1000|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, ceiling of {{cvt|14000|m|ft}}, and ''g''-load of 6.5.|group=N}} in the same month, the 929th GLITs received its first T-50 at Akhtubinsk for further testing and GSI state trials.<ref>Gordon 2021, pp. 245–47</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20140221/187752685/Russian-Air-Force-Receives-New-Stealth-Fighter-Prototype-.html |title=Russian Air Force Receives New Stealth Fighter Prototype |date=21 February 2014 |agency=RIA Novosti |access-date=21 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222204751/http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20140221/187752685/Russian-Air-Force-Receives-New-Stealth-Fighter-Prototype-.html |archive-date=22 February 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=5386 |title=Т-50-2 fighter aircraft made the flight to Akhtubinsk |website=Sukhoi.org |date=21 February 2014 |access-date=5 March 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427020021/http://www.sukhoi.org/eng/news/company/?id=5386 |archive-date=27 April 2014}}</ref> However, severe issues were discovered during PI-1; in addition to the structural issues, the aircraft suffered from engine problems, including the AL-41F1 compressor stall during the MAKS-2011 airshow.<ref name=Butowski2021pp44-46/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14564311 |title=Russia shows off Sukhoi T-50 stealth fighter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405154127/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14564311 |archive-date=5 April 2018 |work=BBC News |date=17 August 2011}}</ref> In June 2014, the fifth prototype was severely damaged by an in-flight fire and written off, and an incomplete "first stage" airframe was finished using parts salvaged from the fifth prototype.<ref name=sixthprototype group=N/> Both preliminary and state trials were delayed by the fire and the structural redesign; the second phase of preliminary trials, PI-2, ran from 2014 to 2019 and mainly used structurally reinforced "first stage" aircraft while GSI-1 was halted until 2016 in order to wait for the updated "second stage" airframes. Armament trials were also delayed, with external weapon trials starting in May 2014 and internal trials only starting in March 2016.<ref name="thedrive_missile">{{cite web|url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/32742/this-is-a-video-clip-of-an-su-57-firing-a-missile-from-its-side-weapon-bay-or-is-it |title=This Is The First Video Of An Su-57 Firing A Missile From Its Side Weapon Bay, Or Is It? |website=[[The War Zone (publication)|The War Zone]] |date=25 March 2020 |access-date= 26 March 2020}}</ref><ref>Butowski (2021), p. 86</ref> GSI-1 was finished on 8 February 2018 with formal signing in May 2018.<ref name=":18">{{cite web |url=http://tass.com/defense/988976 |title=Russia's defense ministry to sign contract for 12 Su-57 fighter jets |agency=[[TASS]] |date=8 February 2018 |access-date=24 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225064852/http://tass.com/defense/988976 |archive-date=25 February 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Two aircraft on order" /> After more than 3,500 flights, GSI-2 was planned to be completed by 2019, but this was pushed to 2020, partly because of the crash of the first production aircraft in December 2019.<ref name=Butowski2021pp44-46/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://rg.ru/2020/03/30/stali-izvestny-podrobnosti-ispytanij-su-57.html|title=Стали известны подробности испытаний Су-57|publisher=[[Rossiyskaya Gazeta]]|date=30 March 2020|access-date=30 March 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Sukhoi Su-57 bn058 Kubinka 2020.jpg|thumb|left|Su-57 solo display at ARMY-2020 forum]]
As the Su-57 is gradually being inducted into Russian military service, Sukhoi is testing upgrades for the improved Su-57M variant. First flight of the ''izdeliye'' 30 engine occurred on 5 December 2017 with the second prototype (T-50-2, [[Bort number|bort no.]] 052).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tass.com/defense/979265 |title=Russia's Su-57 fifth-generation fighter makes first flight with new engine |agency=TASS |access-date=6 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206215954/http://tass.com/defense/979265 |archive-date=6 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="first_su57_with_new_prod">{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/video-russia-flies-first-su-57-fitted-with-new-prod-443899/ |title=VIDEO: Russia flies first Su-57 fitted with new Product 30 engine |date=5 December 2017 |website=FlightGlobal |access-date=8 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208174913/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/video-russia-flies-first-su-57-fitted-with-new-prod-443899/ |archive-date=8 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Prototypes were also used for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) teaming tests with the [[Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B|Okhotnik]] UCAV, with a video of flight tests released by the Ministry of Defence on 27 September 2019.<ref name=Janes_Okhotnik_1st_flt>{{cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/91559/russia-s-okhotnik-uav-makes-first-flight-with-su-57|title=Russia's Okhotnik UAV makes first flight with Su-57|website=janes.com|date=27 September 2019|access-date=27 September 2019}}</ref> On 28 June 2020, [[TASS]], with reference to anonymous sources within the military-industrial complex, reported that a 'swarm' teaming experiment had been conducted with a group of Su-35s and an Su-57 acting as a [[command and control]] aircraft. The networked information exchange significantly increases the efficiency of combat missions. Reportedly, the experiment was conducted in "real combat conditions".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Russian Su-57 Jet Controls Su-35 Aircraft 'Swarm' in Teaming Experiment|url=https://www.defenseworld.net/news/27298/Russian_Su_57_Jet_Controls_Su_35_Aircraft____Swarm____in_Teaming_Experiment|access-date=29 June 2020|website= defenseworld.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Russian Su-35s and Su-57s tested 'the flock' tactic in real combat conditions|url=https://bulgarianmilitary.com/amp/2020/06/28/russian-su-35s-and-su-57s-tested-the-flock-tactic-in-real-combat-conditions/|access-date=29 June 2020|website=bulgarianmilitary.com}}</ref><ref name="TASS_swarm">{{cite news |url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/8833031 |title=Источники: Россия провела эксперимент по применению "роя" истребителей |date=28 June 2020 |access-date=29 June 2020 |agency=[[TASS]] |language=ru }}</ref>

=== Syrian combat evaluation ===
On 21 February 2018, two Su-57s performed their first international flight as they were spotted landing at the Russian [[Khmeimim air base]] in Syria. The aircraft were deployed along with four Sukhoi Su-35 fighters, four [[Sukhoi Su-25]]s, and one [[Beriev A-50]] [[AEW&C]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Seidel |first1=Jamie |title=Syria: Russian Su-57 stealth fighter spotter landing |url=http://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/has-moscow-moved-its-su57-stealth-fighter-into-syria/news-story/56cae8a44961133bb58605c43e04038d |access-date=22 February 2018 |agency=News.com.au |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222045415/http://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/has-moscow-moved-its-su57-stealth-fighter-into-syria/news-story/56cae8a44961133bb58605c43e04038d |archive-date=22 February 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Three days later two more Su-57s were reported to have arrived in Syria.<ref name="riatwomore">[https://ria.ru/syria/20180224/1515213306.html?relap=1 СМИ сообщили о прибытии еще двух истребителей Су-57 в Сирию‍] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225205532/https://ria.ru/syria/20180224/1515213306.html?relap=1 |date=25 February 2018}} RIA Novosti, 24 February 2018.</ref> The deployment was criticised by some experts as overly risky, especially after reports of drone attacks at Khmeimim air base, as well as having limited value due to the short duration of only several days. As the deployment overlapped with Russia's [[Defender of the Fatherland Day]], the purpose may have been to support the president's state-of-the-nation speech. Additionally, deployment of the aircraft in a combat theatre may serve to enhance the aircraft's marketing.<ref>Gordon 2021, pp. 280–81</ref><ref>Butowski (2021), p. 50</ref><ref>[https://vz.ru/politics/2018/2/22/890631.html Переброска Су-57 в Сирию несет в себе значительный риск] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224053338/https://vz.ru/politics/2018/2/22/890631.html |date=24 February 2018}} [[Vzglyad (newspaper)|vz.ru]], 22 February 2018.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/24997/russia-releases-first-official-video-of-its-su-57s-on-their-absurdly-short-trip-to-syria|title=Russia Releases First Official Video of Its Su-57s on Their Absurdly Short Trip To Syria|last=Trevithick|first=Joseph|access-date=30 November 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130202103/http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/24997/russia-releases-first-official-video-of-its-su-57s-on-their-absurdly-short-trip-to-syria|archive-date=30 November 2018|url-status=live |website=[[The War Zone (publication)|The War Zone]]}}</ref> On 1 March 2018, the Russian Defence Minister [[Sergey Shoygu]] stated that the two Su-57s had spent two days in Syria and successfully completed a trials program, including combat trials during which parameters of weapons work were monitored.<ref>[https://tvzvezda.ru/news/opk/content/201803011617-3tfk.htm Новейшие истребители Су-57 прошли боевые испытания в Сирии – Шойгу] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304054910/https://tvzvezda.ru/news/opk/content/201803011617-3tfk.htm |date=4 March 2018}} [[Zvezda (TV channel)|Zvezda]], 1 March 2018.</ref><ref>[http://tass.com/defense/992335 Su-57 fifth-generation fighter jets successfully tested in Syria] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302104100/http://tass.com/defense/992335 |date=2 March 2018}} TASS, 1 March 2018.</ref> On 25 May 2018, the Defence Ministry disclosed that during the February 2018 deployment to Syria, a Su-57 fired a cruise missile in combat, likely a [[Kh-59#Variants|Kh-59MK2]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alert5.com/2018/05/26/su-57-launched-cruise-missile-while-deployed-to-syria/ |title=Alert 5 » Su-57 launched cruise missile while deployed to Syria – Military Aviation News |website=alert5.com |date=26 May 2018 |access-date=26 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527074044/http://alert5.com/2018/05/26/su-57-launched-cruise-missile-while-deployed-to-syria/ |archive-date= 27 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 18 November 2018, the Defence Ministry posted an extended video of the fighters' flights, and announced that Su-57 performed 10 flights during its deployment to Syria.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://themoscowtimes.com/news/russian-military-unveils-video-footage-new-su-57-stealth-fights-syria-63532 |title=Russian Military Unveils Video Footage of New Su-57 Stealth Fighter in Syria |access-date=30 November 2018}}</ref><ref name= ":2">{{cite news |url= http://tass.com/defense/1031495 |title=Russia's 5th-generation fighter jets make 10 flights in Syria |agency=TASS |access-date=30 November 2018 |language=ru |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181130112932/http://tass.com/defense/1031495 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> However, the video did not specify when the test flights took place.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=http://www.defenseworld.net/news/23701/Russia__Tests__Su_57_Stealth_Fighter_Jet_s_Onboard_Systems__Weapons_in_Syria|title=Russia 'Tests' Su-57 Stealth Fighter Jet's Onboard Systems, Weapons in Syria|website= Defense world |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181130113146/http://www.defenseworld.net/news/23701/Russia__Tests__Su_57_Stealth_Fighter_Jet_s_Onboard_Systems__Weapons_in_Syria|archive-date=30 November 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

In December 2019, the Chief of the Russian General Staff, [[Valery Gerasimov]], announced that Russian Defence Ministry had once again tested the Su-57 in Syria, and all tasks had been successfully fulfilled.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1100391|title=Su-57 fighter jet once again tested in Syria — Russian General Staff|agency=[[TASS]]|date=18 December 2019|access-date=20 December 2019}}</ref>

=== Entry into service ===
On 25 December 2020, the Russian Defence Ministry announced that the Su-57 had entered service upon the delivery of the first production aircraft to one of the aviation regiments of the [[Southern Military District]] at [[Lipetsk (air base)|Lipetsk]]. This initial production batch would be used for military evaluation, tactics development, and crew conversion training. The first operational unit to be equipped with the Su-57 is the [[23rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment]] based in [[Dzyomgi Airport|Dzyomgi]] in the [[Eastern Military District]], with deliveries to begin in 2023; the colocation of the unit with the KnAAZ aircraft manufacturing plant enables easier support for newly introduced aircraft.<ref name="tass.ru"/> {{Update after|2025|1|text=The first fully operational Su-57 regiment of 24 aircraft is expected to be equipped by 2025.<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 65</ref>}}<ref name="23rdIAP_service">{{cite web |last1=Butowski |first1=Piotr |title=Su-57 Felon To Enter Service With Elite Russian Air Force Unit |url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/su-57-felon-to-enter-service-with-elite-russian-air-force-unit |website=The Drive |date=1 December 2022}}</ref>

====Russian invasion of Ukraine====
{{Main|Russian invasion of Ukraine}}
In May 2022, Russian sources claimed that Su-57 fighters were used two or three weeks after the start of the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], striking targets with missiles outside of the zone of activity of Ukrainian air defenses,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/14679393|title= Источник в ОПК сообщил о применении Россией Су-57 в спецоперации на Украине|agency=TASS|date=20 May 2022}}</ref> just like other Russian aircraft that are also restricted mainly to Russian airspace.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/europe/many-russian-warplanes-fire-missiles-from-inside-russian-airspace/articleshow/90175377.cms |title= Many Russian warplanes fire missiles from inside Russian airspace |website=The Times of India |date=12 March 2022}}</ref>

In June 2022, [[RIA Novosti]] reported four Su-57s working in a network were used in [[SEAD]] role over Ukraine to identify and destroy Ukrainian air defense systems. The source also noted that its low radar visibility was demonstrated in combat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aviacionline.com/2022/06/the-sukhoi-su-57-in-combat-operations-over-ukraine/|title=The Sukhoi Su-57 completed combat operations over Ukraine|website= Aviacionline |date=9 June 2022}}</ref>

On 19 October 2022, Russian [[Army general (Russia)|army general]] [[Sergey Surovikin]], then commander of all Russian Armed Forces in Ukraine, claimed that the Su-57 has been used both in air-to-air and air-to-ground role during the war in Ukraine and that it has scored kills in both roles. Subsequently, some Russian sources claimed the Su-57 shot down a [[Ukrainian Air Force|Ukrainian]] [[Sukhoi Su-27|Su-27]] fighter and a Su-24 strike fighter with long-range R-37 missiles.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Military Watch Magazine Editorial |date=2022-10-21 |title=Extreme Range Kill on Ukraine’s Top Fighter Was a Su-57, Not an Air Defence System - Reports |url=https://militarywatchmagazine.com/article/extreme-range-su57-su-27-kill-reports |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=Military Watch Magazine |language=en}}</ref> However, while some Su-57s are based in Lipetsk and [[Akhtubinsk (air base)|Akhtubinsk]] air bases for development and trials, no hard evidence for claims of combat has surfaced.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/su-57-felon-fighters-are-flying-ukraine-combat-missions-uk-intel |title=Su-57 Felon Fighters Are Flying Ukraine Combat Missions: U.K. Intel |work=The War Zone |date=9 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Suciu |first= Peter |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-says-upgraded-su57-stealth-jet-finally-made-debut-flight-2022-10 |title=Russia says an upgraded version of its struggling Su-57 stealth jet finally made its debut flight |work=Business Insider |date= 26 October 2022}}</ref> Commercial satellite imagery from late December 2022 shows five Su-57s deployed at Akhtubinsk air base, some 500&nbsp;km from Ukraine.

On 18 February 2024, a Su-57 escorted by a pair of Su-35 fighters launched a missile strike against Ukrainian targets using a stealthy [[Kh-69]] cruise missile. The aircraft operated above the [[Luhansk Oblast]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://defence-blog.com/russia-uses-newest-su-57-jet-to-strike-targets-in-ukraine/ |title=Russia uses newest Su-57 jet to strike targets in Ukraine|website= Defence blog |date=28 February 2024}}</ref>

In May 2024, Ukrainian sources reported that Russia intensified the use of Su-57 fighters to strike targets in Ukraine. Air strikes were reportedly carried out from the airspace of [[Kursk Oblast|Kursk]], [[Bryansk Oblast|Bryansk]] and occupied [[Luhansk Oblast|Luhansk]] oblasts, utilizing the latest Kh-69 cruise missiles.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://defence-blog.com/russia-intensifies-use-of-new-su-57-jets-for-strikes-on-ukraine/|title=Russia intensifies use of new Su-57 jets for strikes on Ukraine|author=Dylan Malyasov|website=defence-blog.com|date=15 May 2024}}</ref>

On 9 June 2024, the Ukrainian [[Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)|Main Directorate of Intelligence]] claimed to have damaged or destroyed two Russian Su-57 fighter jets, using drones during a strike on the Akhtubinsk air base in Astrakhan Oblast.<ref>{{cite news |title= Yusov: Ukrainian operation may have hit 2 Su-57s in Russia |url= https://kyivindependent.com/yusov-ukrainian-operation-may-have-hit-2-su-57s-in-russia/ |access-date=9 June 2024 |work=The Kyiv Independent |date=10 June 2024 |author=Abbey Fenbert |language=en}}</ref><ref name="businessinsider">{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-claims-hit-russian-stealth-warplane-deep-inside-russia-2024-6|title=Russia's top Su-57 stealth fighter jet hit for first time, Ukraine's military intelligence says|author=Cameron Manley|work=[[Business Insider]]|date=9 June 2024}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/russia-jet-ukraine-su-57-gur-astrakhan-1910129|title=Ukraine Hits Top Su-57 Fighter Jet Inside Russia|author=Ellie Cook|work=[[Newsweek]]|date=9 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-june-9-2024 |title= Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, June 9, 2024 |author= George Barros|author2=Angelica Evans|author3= Christina Harward|author4= Riley Bailey|author5= Kateryna Stepanenko |work=[[Institute for the Study of War]]|date=10 June 2024}}</ref> Several [[Telegram (software)|Telegram]] channels affiliated with the Russian military confirmed the attack and that at least one Su-57 was damaged by shrapnel, while also criticizing the lack of protective hangars for the aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Allison |first=George |date=9 June 2024 |title=Drone destroys Russian Su-57 in first combat loss |url=https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/drone-destroys-russian-su-57-in-first-combat-loss/ |access-date=10 June 2024 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url= https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/06/09/ukrainian-drones-may-have-hit-a-second-su-57-stealth-fighter-at-its-base-in-russia/ |website= [[Forbes]] |title=Ukrainian Drones May Have Hit A Second Su-57 Stealth Fighter At Its Base In Russia |last=Axe |first=David |author-link= David Axe |date= 9 June 2024 |access-date=12 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lendon |first=Brad |date=10 June 2024 |title=Ukraine says deep drone strike destroys rare Russian Su-57 stealth fighter |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/06/10/europe/ukraine-drone-strike-destroys-russian-su57-stealth-fighter-intl-hnk-ml/index.html |access-date=10 June 2024 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>  Further information about the strike was added by the Russian [[Telegram channel]] Fighterbomber, added that the state of the aircraft is currently being examined which would determine whether or not it can be repaired.<ref name="businessinsider" /><ref name=":4" /> [[Maxar Technologies]] satellite imagery showed a crater next to a Su-57 at Akhtubinsk.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Altman |first=Howard |date=10 June 2024 |title=Su-57 Felon Targeted In Ukraine Strike Seen In New Higher-Resolution Satellite Images |url=https://www.twz.com/air/su-57-felon-targeted-in-ukraine-strike-seen-in-new-higher-resolution-satellite-images |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=The War Zone |language=en}}</ref>

On 5 October 2024, a Su-57 used an [[air-to-air missile]] to deliberately shoot down an out of control, Russian [[Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B]] drone over Ukraine about {{convert|10|miles|km}} behind Ukrainian lines.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://defence-blog.com/new-details-emerge-on-russias-s-70-drone-loss-over-ukraine/ |website= defence-blog.com |title= New details emerge on Russia's S-70 drone loss over Ukraine |first= Dylan |last= Malyasov |date= 6 October 2024 |access-date= 6 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/10/06/that-russian-stealth-drone-was-on-a-bombing-run-when-it-got-shot-down-over-ukraine/ |work=Forbes |title=That Russian Stealth Drone Was On A Bombing Run When It Got Shot Down Over Ukraine |last=Axe |first=David |date= 6 October 2024 |access-date=12 October 2024}}</ref><ref name=twz-2024-10-07>{{cite news|url= https://www.twz.com/air/russias-s-70-hunter-drone-was-armed-when-shot-down-by-friendly-fighter-over-ukraine |website= twz.com |title= Russia's S-70 Hunter Drone Was Armed When Shot Down By Friendly Fighter Over Ukraine |first= Thomas |last= Newdick |date= 7 October 2024 |access-date= 12 October 2024}}</ref>

According to ''[[The National Interest]]'' in November 2024, Russia was reluctant to send the Su-57 into combat, but may find a need to as Russian jet losses continue to mount faster than they can be replaced.<ref name="Suciu">{{cite web | last=Suciu | first=Peter | title=NATO Is Freaked: Russia Is Getting New Su-57 and Su-35 Fighter Jets | website=The National Interest | date=11 November 2024 | url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/nato-freaked-russia-getting-new-su-57-and-su-35-fighter-jets-213665 | access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref>

===Potential operators===
In the early stages of the PAK FA programme, India had planned to be one of the largest foreign customers by procuring the FGFA derivative. It originally planned on buying 166 single-seat and 48 two-seat fighters,<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/IAF-to-induct-214-variants-of-fighter-aircraft/articleshow/10222133.cms |title=IAF to induct 214 variants of fighter aircraft |website=The Times of India |date= 3 October 2011 |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131131103/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/IAF-to-induct-214-variants-of-fighter-aircraft/articleshow/10222133.cms |archive-date=31 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> but later changed it to 214 single-seat fighters,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2012-09-21/indian-air-force-chief-outlines-fighter-jet-plans |title=Indian Air Force Chief Outlines Fighter Jet Plans |last=Mathews |first=Neelam |website=Aviation International News |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131093318/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2012-09-21/indian-air-force-chief-outlines-fighter-jet-plans |archive-date=31 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> and later reduced its purchase to 144 fighters by 2012.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1766_IAF_decides_144_fifth_generation_fighters.htm |title= Air Force: IAF decides on 144 Fifth Generation Fighters |website= India strategic |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928230454/http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1766_IAF_decides_144_fifth_generation_fighters.htm |archive-date=28 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2018, India pulled out of the FGFA project, which it believed did not meet its requirements for stealth, combat avionics, radars and sensors by that time.<ref name= india_exit>{{cite web |url= http://www.janes.com/article/79457/india-withdraws-from-fgfa-project-leaving-russia-to-go-it-alone |title= India withdraws from FGFA project, leaving Russia to go it alone |publisher= Jane's 360 |date= 20 April 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180523125959/http://www.janes.com/article/79457/india-withdraws-from-fgfa-project-leaving-russia-to-go-it-alone |archive-date= 23 May 2018 |url-status= dead |df= dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last= Gady |first=Franz-Stefan |url= https://thediplomat.com/2018/04/india-pulls-out-of-joint-stealth-fighter-project-with-russia/ |title=India Pulls out of Joint Stealth Fighter Project With Russia |magazine=The Diplomat |date= 23 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426075935/https://thediplomat.com/2018/04/india-pulls-out-of-joint-stealth-fighter-project-with-russia/ |archive-date= 26 April 2018 |url-status=live |df= dmy-all}}</ref> Indian Air Force [[Air chief marshal (India)|Air Chief Marshal]] [[Birender Singh Dhanoa]], during an interview with Russian Ministry of Defence's official newspaper ''[[Krasnaya Zvezda]]'' (''Red Star''), stated that the Su-57 is currently not being considered for the service, but the aircraft can be evaluated once it enters service with the Russian Aerospace Forces.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://ria.ru/20190719/1556675153.html|title=В Индии назвали условия закупки Су-57 |date= 19 July 2019|website=РИА Новости|language=ru|access-date= 11 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= https://zeenews.india.com/india/sukhoi-su-57-not-on-iaf-radar-air-chief-marshal-birender-singh-dhanoa-says-decision-after-fighter-joins-russian-air-force-2223846.html/amp|title= Sukhoi Su-57 not on IAF radar, Air Chief Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa says decision after fighter joins Russian Air Force |website= Zee news |access-date= 11 December 2019}}</ref> The General Director of the United Aircraft Corporation Yuri Slyusar however denied the previous reports saying "the topic is not closed" and that Russia and India are still discussing the creation of the fifth-generation fighter.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20180819/1526819582.html|title=Россия и Индия обсуждают создание истребителя пятого поколения|agency=RIA Novosti|date=19 August 2018|access-date= 6 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://zeenews.india.com/world/india-still-with-fifth-generation-fighter-aircraft-project-russian-defence-aviation-major-2134541.html|title=India still with fifth-generation fighter aircraft project: Russian defence aviation major|website= Zee news |date=20 August 2018|access-date=6 September 2020}}</ref> However, in October 2019, the Indian Air Force Chief of Air Staff [[RKS Bhadauria]] stated that the country will not be importing stealth fighters like the Su-57, and will instead focus on indigenous efforts such as the [[HAL AMCA]].<ref name="FGFA cancelled">{{cite web |last= Siddiqui |first= Huma |url= https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/make-in-india-iaf-will-focus-on-the-indigenous-amca-for-its-fighter-fleet-says-air-chief-rks-bhadauria/1727310/ |title= Make in India: IAF will focus on the indigenous AMCA for its fighter fleet, says Air Chief RKS Bhadauria |work= The Financial Express |date= 5 October 2019 |access-date= 22 March 2020}}</ref>

Sukhoi states that the main export advantage of the PAK FA is its lower cost than current US fifth generation jet fighters.<ref>[http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20100720/159882742.html "Russia's fifth-generation fighter to be cheaper than foreign analogues"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903083649/http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20100720/159882742.html|date=3 September 2014}}.</ref> Russia was reported to be offering the PAK FA for [[F-X fighter program|South Korea's next generation jet fighter]].<ref>Tae-hoon, Lee. [https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2011/07/116_91281.html "Russia seeks to sell stealth jets to Korea"] . ''Korea Times'', 20 July 2011.</ref> South Korea's [[Defense Acquisition Program Administration]] (DAPA) stated that the Sukhoi PAK FA was a candidate for the [[Republic of Korea Air Force]]'s next-generation fighter (F-X Phase 3) aircraft;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/products/janes/defence-security-report.aspx?ID=1065930093|title=South Korea confirms Sukhoi T-50's surprise entry into FX fighter contest|publisher=janes.com|date=22 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916123435/http://www.janes.com/products/janes/defence-security-report.aspx?ID=1065930093|archive-date=16 September 2012|access-date=13 May 2022}}</ref> however, Sukhoi did not submit a bid by the January 2012 deadline.<ref>Lee, Tae-Hoon. [https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2012/01/113_103661.html "Russia pulls out of Korea fighter project"] . ''The Korean Times'', 29 January 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2012.</ref> In 2013, Russia offered Brazil participation and joint production in a next-generation fighter based on the Su-57.<ref>{{cite news|date=14 October 2013|title=Russia to Offer Brazil Stake in Future Advanced Fighter Project|agency=RIA Novosti|url=http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20131014/184141077/Russia-to-Offer-Brazil-Stake-in-Future-Advanced-Fighter-Project.html|url-status=live|access-date=14 October 2013|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131014143637/http://en.ria.ru/military_news/20131014/184141077/Russia-to-Offer-Brazil-Stake-in-Future-Advanced-Fighter-Project.html|archive-date=14 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=14 October 2013|title=Russia proposes to Brazil a joint agreement to produce Sukhoi T-50 PAK-FA.|url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-/october-2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-aerospace-/825-russia-proposes-to-brazil-a-joint-agreement-to-produce-sukhoi-t-50-pak-fa.html|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131103204854/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-/october-2013-global-news-worldwide-world-international-air-force-aviation-aerospace-/825-russia-proposes-to-brazil-a-joint-agreement-to-produce-sukhoi-t-50-pak-fa.html|archive-date=3 November 2013|access-date=3 November 2013}}</ref> Instead of Russian Su-57 and French [[Rafale]], Brazil signed an agreement with the Swedish [[Saab Group]] to locally produce 36 [[Saab Gripen|Gripen E]] fighters for the [[Brazilian Air Force]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Shukla|first=Ajai|date= 30 October 2014|title=Brazil chooses Gripen over Rafale|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/brazil-chooses-gripen-over-rafale-114103000027_1.html|access-date=19 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=F-X2: Brazils Saab Contract for Gripens a Done Deal|url=http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/brazil-embarking-upon-f-x2-fighter-program-04179/|access-date=19 July 2021|website=Defense Industry Daily}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Reim2021-06-03T22:05:00+01:00|first=Garrett|title=Brazilian air force to nearly double Saab Gripen order, cut KC-390 order in half: reports|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/fixed-wing/brazilian-air-force-to-nearly-double-saab-gripen-order-cut-kc-390-order-in-half-reports/144019.article|access-date=19 July 2021|website=FlightGlobal|language=en}}</ref>

In May 2019, as Turkish participation in the F-35 program was in doubt due to Turkey's procurement of the [[S-400 missile system]], CEO of [[Rostec]] [[Sergey Chemezov]] said that Russia was ready to cooperate with Turkey on the export and local production of the Su-57.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-ready-to-cooperate-to-sell-turkey-su-57-fighter-jets-143123 |title=Russia 'ready to cooperate' to sell Turkey Su-57 fighter jets |date=3 May 2019 |work=Hürriyet Daily News |access-date=6 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504135930/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-ready-to-cooperate-to-sell-turkey-su-57-fighter-jets-143123 |archive-date=4 May 2019 |url-status= live}}</ref> On 14 September 2019, an Su-57 took part in the 2019 [[Teknofest Istanbul|Technofest]] festival held in [[Istanbul]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1078151|title=Russia's Su-57 jet lands in Turkey for Technofest|agency=[[TASS]]|date=14 September 2019|access-date=15 September 2019}}</ref> However, on 7 February 2020, President Erdogan announced that the replacement of the F-35 will not be Russian Su-57, but instead will be the Turkish domestic fifth-generation aircraft [[TAI TF-X|TF-X fighter]].{{Cn|date=January 2025}}

On 27 December 2019, Algeria signed a contract for 14 aircraft as part of large military deal that also includes the purchase of Su-34 and Su-35 fighters. This decision was reportedly taken in summer 2019, when Algerian delegation personally inspected the Su-57 at the MAKS-2019 air show.<ref name= "Algeria">{{cite web|url=https://www.menadefense.net/algerie/lalgerie-serait-le-premier-client-export-pour-le-su-57-et-le-su-34/|title= L'Algérie serait le premier client export pour le Su-57 et le Su-34 |website= Mena defense |date=27 December 2019 |access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africanaerospace.aero/algeria-to-get-14-su-57-fighters-from-russia.html| work = African Aerospace | title = Algeria to get 14 Su-57 fighters from Russia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20201124-algeria-buys-14-stealth-fighters-from-russia-report-says/ |title= Algeria buys 14 stealth fighters from Russia, report says |date= 24 November 2020}}</ref> Algeria confirmed the acquisition and set to receive the first Su-57E in 2025.<ref>{{cite web | last=Malyasov | first=Dylan | title=Algeria confirms purchase of Russian Su-57 fighter | website=Defence Blog | date=2025-02-12 | url=https://defence-blog.com/algeria-confirms-purchase-of-russian-su-57-fighter/ | access-date=2025-02-13}}</ref> Reports suggest that they could arrive to Algeria by the end of 2026.<ref>{{cite web | last=Liam | first=Darek | last2=Africa | first2=Military | title=Algeria confirms purchase of Su-57 Felon stealth fighter jets | website=Military Africa | date=2025-02-13 | url=https://www.military.africa/2025/02/algeria-confirms-purchase-of-su-57-felon-stealth-fighter-jets/ | access-date=2025-02-14}}</ref>

It has been reported that [[Vietnam People's Air Force|Vietnam]] may become a customer of the Su-57.{{cn|date=November 2024}} The country is expected to acquire the fighters to replace its aging fleet of 11 Su-27s. On 9 July 2021, Vietnam announced its intention to buy Su-57 aircraft, but it is critical of the aircraft's workmanship.{{Cn|date=January 2025}}

Russia has offered Su-57E fighters to the United Arab Emirates during [[International Defence Exhibition|IDEX 2021]].{{Cn|date=January 2025}} During the 2019 [[Dubai Airshow|Dubai Air Show]], Chemezov talked about the possibility of "localization" of portions of the Su-57 supply chain within other countries that decide to buy those jets, including "…United Arab Emirates, India or Turkey…", depends on the capabilities of the defense industrial base of the customer in question.<ref>{{Cite web |last= Trevithick|first=Joseph|title= Russia Says UAE Could Help Build Su-57s As Gulf Nation Puts F-35 Ambitions On Hold|url= https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/31083/russia-says-uae-could-help-build-su-57s-as-gulf-nation-puts-f-35-ambitions-on-hold |access-date=2 December 2019 |website=[[The War Zone (publication)|The War Zone]]|date=18 November 2019 }}</ref> However, the UAE has refrained from signing a contract with Russia to avoid [[Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act|CAATSA]] sanctions from the United States.{{Cn|date=January 2025}}

In 2021, Russian media stated that Iraqi military leadership including its inspector for the Iraqi Ministry of Defence Imad Al-Zuhairin stated the country's interest in the Su-57, although no formal negotiations have occurred.<ref>{{cite web |last=Helou |first=Agnes |url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/mideast-africa/2021/06/04/russia-eyes-arms-sales-to-iraq-but-experts-say-theres-competition-ahead-for-the-kremlin/ |title=Russia eyes arms sales to Iraq, but experts say there's competition ahead for the Kremlin |work=Defense News |date=4 June 2021}}</ref>

As of 2024, no Su-57 fighters have been exported. Furthermore, it has been reported that the export models of the fighter are unlikely to be available until the end of the decade, despite production allegedly slated to be increased in 2024. The war in Ukraine and the imposed sanctions have also further reduced Russia's ability to continue the development of its advanced fighter jets like the Su-57 and the [[Su-75]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.defensenews.com/opinion/commentary/2022/10/20/russias-military-aircraft-exports-are-headed-for-a-nosedive/|title=Russia's military aircraft exports are headed for a nosedive|author1=Peter A. Wilson|author2=John V. Parachini|website=defensenews.com|date=20 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bulgarianmilitary.com/2024/01/02/by-the-end-of-the-year-the-50th-produced-su-57-felon-arrives/|title=By the end of the year, the 50th produced Su-57 Felon arrives|author=Boyko Nikolov|website=bulgarianmilitary.com|date=2 January 2024}}</ref>

Russian news agency [[TASS]], citing state arms seller [[Rosoboronexport|Rosoboronexport's]] CEO [[Aleksandr Mikheyev|Alexander Mikheyev]], reported that at the 2024 [[China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition|Zhuhai air show]] there were contracts to deliver SU-57s to unspecified foreign nations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2024 |title=Russia sells Su-57 fighter jet for first time at China's Zhuhai air show |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3286605/chinas-zhuhai-air-show-russia-signs-deals-export-su-57-fighter-jet |access-date=15 November 2024 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref>

==Variants==
;Su-57
:Production variant for the Russian Aerospace Forces. Flight testing began with the T-50 prototype in 2010, and serial production began in 2019. A total of three regiments, 76 aircraft, are planned with the first aircraft delivered in December 2020.

;Su-57E
:Export version of Su-57, with the primary differences being a different IFF, flight instrument software adjusted to display readings in [[Imperial units]], and the cockpit labeled in English; non-Russian weapons can also be integrated as requested.<ref>Gordon 2021, p. 367.</ref><ref name="Su-57E Rosoboronexport">{{cite web |url= http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/aerospace-systems/fighters/su-57e/|title= Su-57E Perspective multirole fighter |publisher= Rosoboronexport |access-date= 22 March 2021}}</ref>  [[Rosoboronexport]] is marketing the aircraft as ''Perspective multirole fighter'' (PMF).<ref name="Su-57E Rosoboronexport"/>

;Su-57M
:Upgraded variant of the base Su-57 under the program name ''Megapolis'', and incorporates improved mission systems, reliability and maintenance enhancements, new flight control actuators, and the Saturn [[Saturn AL-51|AL-51F-1]] engines. Flight testing is planned to begin in 2022, and serial production is planned for the mid-2020s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tass.com/defense/1323823 |title= Production of upgraded version of Su-57 fighter is to start in 2025 — source |agency=TASS}}</ref><ref name=PiBu2021p89/>

;FGFA
{{main|Sukhoi/HAL FGFA}}
:Sukhoi/HAL FGFA was a planned version of Su-57 for Indian Air Force but India withdrew from the FGFA programme in 2018 before any prototype was built.<ref name="FGFA cancelled"/> The FGFA was intended to be the primary export version of the PAK FA and was to differ in 43 ways with improvements to stealth, supercruise, sensors, networking, and combat avionics.<ref name="thediplomat.com">{{Cite web |url=https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/india-and-russia-fail-to-resolve-dispute-over-fifth-generation-fighter-jet/ |title=India and Russia Fail to Resolve Dispute Over Fifth Generation Fighter Jet |last=Diplomat |first=Franz-Stefan Gady, The |website=The Diplomat |language=en-US |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090821/https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/india-and-russia-fail-to-resolve-dispute-over-fifth-generation-fighter-jet/ |archive-date=27 March 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Bogdanov, Konstantin. [http://en.ria.ru/analysis/20120709/174500575.html "Russia's Changing Aircraft Export Strategy"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723062525/http://en.ria.ru/analysis/20120709/174500575.html|date=23 July 2014}}. RIA Novosti, 9 July 2012.</ref><ref>Mathews, Neelam. [http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-defense-perspective/2012-05-25/indias-version-sukhoi-t-50-delayed-two-years "India's Version of Sukhoi T-50 Delayed by Two Years."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707122432/http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-defense-perspective/2012-05-25/indias-version-sukhoi-t-50-delayed-two-years |date=7 July 2014}} ''AIN'', 25 May 2012.</ref> There were conflicting reports on the FGFA, with India detailing numerous improvements over the baseline PAK FA, while Mikhail Pogosyan, the head of United Aircraft Corporation, said in 2013 that the PAK FA and the FGFA will use "identical onboard systems and avionics".<ref>[http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-defense-perspective/2013-03-01/russia-india-describe-next-gen-fighter-plans "Russia, India Describe Next-Gen Fighter Plans"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012213836/http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/ain-defense-perspective/2013-03-01/russia-india-describe-next-gen-fighter-plans|date=12 October 2014}}.</ref> India has refrained from signing a deal with Russia citing concerns over shared manufacturing, technology, and maintenance.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/20347/its-no-surprise-india-finally-ditched-its-stealth-fighter-program-with-russia |title= It's No Surprise India Finally Ditched Its Stealth Fighter Program With Russia |publisher= [[The War Zone (publication)|The War Zone]] |date= 23 April 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180426075735/http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/20347/its-no-surprise-india-finally-ditched-its-stealth-fighter-program-with-russia |archive-date= 26 April 2018 |url-status=live |df= dmy-all}}</ref>  According to the same source, India also had questions about development of the aircraft's stealth, radar and supercruise capability at the time, and ultimately withdrew from the programme in 2018.

===Other versions===
In 2008, UAC president Alexei Fedorov has said that any decision on applying fifth-generation technologies to produce a smaller fighter (comparable to the [[F-35]]) must wait until after the development of the PAK FA is completed.<ref>[http://arms-tass.su/?page=article&aid=53759&cid=25 "Легкий истребитель 5-го поколения будет создан на базе технологий тяжелого перспективного истребителя (in Russian)".] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110918100807/http://arms-tass.su/?page=article&aid=53759&cid=25 |date=18 September 2011}} ''arms-tass.su.'' Retrieved: 26 January 2011.</ref>

A naval version of the Su-57 was proposed for the [[Project 23000 aircraft carrier|Project 23000]] or ''Storm'' [[supercarrier]]. Models of the aircraft carrier project are showing Su-57 on board, with folding wings and stabilators. The Su-57 should be able to use the takeoff ramp as well as the [[Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150520/1065515849.html |title=IHS Jane's: в России разработали новый ядерный суперавианосец |date=20 May 2015 |agency=RIA Novosti |access-date=21 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922050632/https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150520/1065515849.html |archive-date=22 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> The draft of the future state armament program (GVP) for 2024–2033 includes the development of a new carrier-based fighter based on the Su-57, albeit with deep modifications.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20210517/pospelov-1732338234.html|title=Владимир Поспелов: десятый "Борей" сдадут до 2030 года|date=17 May 2021}}</ref>

The aircraft is used as a testbed for integration with UAVs as well as various subsystems (including weapon, control and navigation systems) being developed for Russia's future [[sixth-generation jet fighter|sixth-generation]] combat system, both in manned and [[unmanned aerial vehicle|unmanned]] version.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tass.com/defense/1013337 |title=Russia's Su-57 plane tests onboard systems for 6th-generation fighter jet – source |agency=[[TASS]]|date=16 July 2018 |access-date=21 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717145720/http://tass.com/defense/1013337|archive-date=17 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5376047 |title=Источник: бортовые системы истребителя шестого поколения испытывают на Су-57|date=16 July 2018 |agency=[[TASS]] |access-date=23 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728011529/http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5376047|archive-date=28 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/973625|title=Russia may upgrade advanced Su-57 aircraft to 6th-generation fighter jet|agency=TASS|access-date=27 August 2019}}</ref> In January 2019, it was reported the third flyable Su-57 prototype (bort. no 053) is being used for interaction with the Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik UCAV, and testing of its [[avionics]] systems.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/6054472 |title=Источник: системы БПЛА "Охотник" испытывают на Су-57 |agency=[[TASS]]|date=29 January 2019 |access-date=21 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131201331/https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/6054472|archive-date=31 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

In July 2021, it was officially announced that a two-seater variant of the Su-57 was under development, to be used for training pilots and for ensuring the control of the Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik UCAV.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/11992083|title=Источник: для управления беспилотниками "Охотник" разработают двухместный Су-57 |website=TACC|accessdate=22 May 2023}}</ref> This variant was also mentioned at the Army-2022 forum in August 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/15478429|title=ОАК и Минобороны обсуждают возможность создания двухместного Су-57|date=15 August 2022|language=ru|website=TASS}}</ref>

==Operators==
;{{Flagu|Russia}} 
* [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] – 10 prototypes and 21 production aircraft in service {{as of|2023|12|lc=on}} out of a total order of 76 production aircraft.<ref name=PiBu2021_p45-50/><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Embraer |first=In association with |title=2023 World Air Forces directory |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/2023-world-air-forces-directory/151088.article |access-date=28 December 2022 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref> Likely 3 more were delivered in September 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last=Σταύρου |first=Ελισάβετ |title=Αυξάνεται η παρουσία των stealth μαχητικών στην Ουκρανία |website=OnAlert |date=12 September 2024 |url=https://www.onalert.gr/eksoplismoi/su-57-i-rosia-parelave-nea-partida-ayxanetai-i-paroysia-ton-stealth-machitikon-stin-oykrania/589723/ |language=el |access-date=15 September 2024}}</ref><ref name="DN_Aug2024"/> An undisclosed number of Su-57s were delivered in November 2024 and also in December 2024 for a total of 7 aircraft delivered throughout the year.<ref name="Suciu"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Russian Aerospace Forces Receive More Su-57 Jets in 2024 Vs. 2023 |website=Defense Aerospace news, exhibitions, contracts and procurement |date=2024-12-23 |url=https://www.defensemirror.com/news/38458/Russian_Aerospace_Forces_Receive_More_Su_57_Jets_in_2024_Vs__2023 |ref={{sfnref| Defense Aerospace news, exhibitions, contracts and procurement |2024}} | access-date=2024-12-24}}</ref> 2 more aircraft were likely delivered in April 2025.<ref>{{cite web | title=Росіяни, ймовірно, отримали нову партію винищувачів Су-57 | website=Мілітарний | date=2025-04-10 | url=https://militarnyi.com/uk/news/rosiyany-jmovirno-otrymaly-novu-partiyu-vynyshhuvachiv-su-57/ | language=uk | ref={{sfnref|Мілітарний|2025}} | access-date=2025-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Pryhodko | first=Roman | title=First in 2025: Rostec delivers a batch of Su-34 to the Russian Aerospace Forces | website=Militarnyi | date=2025-04-19 | url=https://militarnyi.com/en/news/first-in-2025-rostec-delivers-a-batch-of-su-34-to-the-russian-aerospace-forces/ | language=en | access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref>

==Accidents==
On 10 June 2014, the fifth flying prototype, aircraft T-50-5, was severely damaged by an engine fire after landing. The pilot managed to escape unharmed. The aircraft was subsequently written off, and its salvageable parts were cannibalized to finish the sixth "first stage" prototype, which was then given the fifth prototype's bort number and its designation changed from T-50-6-1 to T-50-5R. However, official accounting still considers the two aircraft to be the "same" one.<ref name=gordon2021p193-197/>

On 24 December 2019, the first serial Su-57 (bort number "01 blue") crashed {{convert|110|-|120|km|abbr=on}} away from the Dzyomgi Airport, [[Khabarovsk Krai]], during the final stage of its factory trials due to a control system malfunction. The pilot ejected and was recovered by helicopter.<ref name="vedomosti">{{cite news|url=https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2019/12/24/819543-su-57|title=Истребитель Су-57 потерпел первую аварию|newspaper=[[Vedomosti]]|date=24 December 2019|access-date=24 December 2019|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://iz.ru/957594/2019-12-24/istrebitel-su-57-razbilsia-v-khabarovskom-krae|title=Истребитель Су-57 разбился в Хабаровском крае|newspaper=[[Izvestia]]|date=24 December 2019|access-date=24 December 2019|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://ren.tv/news/v-rossii/640540-v-mchs-podtverdili-informatsiiu-o-padenii-su-57-v-khabarovskom-krae|title=Власти Хабаровского края подтвердили информацию о падении Т-50|publisher=[[REN TV]]|date=24 December 2019|access-date=24 December 2019|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://ria.ru/20191224/1562752307.html|title=В Хабаровском крае разбился истребитель Су-57|agency=[[RIA Novosti]]|date=24 December 2019|access-date=24 December 2019|language=ru}}</ref> According to TASS, the test flight took place at an altitude of {{convert|8000|m}} when the malfunction occurred, causing the airplane to enter a rapid spiral descent. When all attempts to stabilize the airplane into a horizontal flight using the [[Aircraft flight control system#Mechanical|manual flight control system]] failed, the pilot ejected at an altitude of {{convert|2000|m}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tass.ru/proisshestviya/7418655|title=Источник: упавший в Хабаровском крае Су-57 самопроизвольно вошел в спираль|agency=[[TASS]]|date=25 December 2019|access-date=25 December 2019|language=ru}}</ref>

==Specifications (Su-57)==
[[File:Sukhoi T-50 3-view.svg|right|thumb|450px|Sukhoi T-50 3-view drawings]]

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=[[Rosoboronexport]],<ref>{{cite press release |title=Su-57E brochure, 2023 Dubai Air Show |url=https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/4PsAAOSwFaBli19F/s-l1600.webp |publisher=Rosoboronexport |date=November 2023}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Source covers the Su-57E export variant rather than the baseline Su-57.  Although the two variants are believed to have the same performance, a source covering the baseline Su-57 would be preferred.|date=November 2024}} [[Aviation Week]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_08_19_2013_p43-605528.xml |title=Sukhoi T-50 Shows Flight-Control Innovations |website=Aviation Week & Space Technology |access-date=14 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327141324/http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=%2Farticle-xml%2FAW_08_19_2013_p43-605528.xml |archive-date=27 March 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Key Aero,<ref>Butowski (2021), p. 75</ref> Crecy Publishing<ref>Gordon & Komissarov 2021, Chapter 7</ref>
|prime units?=met
<!--   General characteristics
-->
|genhide=
|crew=1
|length m=20.1
|length ft=
|length in=
|span m=14.1
|span ft=
|span in=
|height m=4.6
|height ft=
|height in=
|wing area sqm=78.8
|wing area sqft=
|aspect ratio=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=18500
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=26700
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=normal takeoff weight, 29,770&nbsp;kg (65,630 lb) at full load <!-- empty weight + full fuel weight + 4 x R-77-1 (approx.) + 2 x R-73 (approx.)-->
|max takeoff weight kg=35000
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity={{cvt|10300|kg|lb}}
|more general=
<!--   Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[Saturn AL-31#AL-41F1 (izdeliye 117)|Saturn AL-41F1]]
|eng1 type=[[afterburner|afterburning]] [[turbofan]]
|eng1 kn=88.3
|eng1 kn-ab=142.2
|more power=, {{convert|147.1|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} in emergency power
<!--   Performance
-->
|perfhide=
|max speed mach=2, {{convert|2135|km/h|kn mph|0|abbr=on}} at high altitude
**Mach 1.1, {{convert|1350|km/h|kn mph|0|abbr=on}} at sea level
|cruise speed note=*'''Supercruise:''' Mach 1.3, {{convert|1400|km/h|kn mph|0|abbr=on}} [[supercruise]] at high altitude
|range km=3500
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=subsonic
**{{convert|1500|km|mi nmi|0|abbr=on}} supersonic
|combat range km=1250
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=4500
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=with 2 outboard fuel tanks<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://army-news.ru/2018/01/su-35s-ili-su-57-chto-vazhnee-dlya-vks-rossii/ |title=Су-35С или Су-57: что важнее для ВКС России? – Армейский вестник |website=Army-news.ru |access-date=12 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119173624/https://army-news.ru/2018/01/su-35s-ili-su-57-chto-vazhnee-dlya-vks-rossii/ |archive-date=19 November 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|ceiling m=20000
|ceiling ft=
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=371
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=normal takeoff weight
|thrust/weight=1.09 at normal takeoff weight (0.97 at loaded weight with full fuel)<!-- two times the thrust of the engines divided by fully loaded weight and typical loaded weight -->
|g limits=+9.0
|more performance=
<!--   Armament
-->

|guns=1 × [[30 mm caliber|30 mm]] [[Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-1]] [[autocannon]]
|bombs=<br>
** KAB-250 guided bomb
** KAB-500 guided bomb
** Anti-tank "Drill"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rg.ru/2018/05/31/novye-boepripasy-znachitelno-rasshiriat-boevoj-potencial-su-57.html |title=Новые боеприпасы значительно расширят боевой потенциал Су-57 |website=Российская газета |date=31 May 2018 |access-date=12 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630134659/https://rg.ru/2018/05/31/novye-boepripasy-znachitelno-rasshiriat-boevoj-potencial-su-57.html |archive-date=30 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> 500&nbsp;kg cluster-bomb + active homing<ref name="interfax.ru"/>
|rockets= 
|missiles=<br>
** [[Air-to-air missile]]s:
*** [[R-77]]M
*** [[R-73 (missile)|R-74M2]]
*** [[R-37 (missile)]]<ref name="interfax.ru">{{cite web |url=https://www.interfax.ru/russia/630714 |title=Су-57 вооружат сверхдальней гиперзвуковой ракетой Р-37М |date=26 September 2018 |website=Interfax.ru |access-date=12 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218225518/https://www.interfax.ru/russia/630714 |archive-date=18 December 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
** [[Air-to-surface missile]]s:
*** 4 × [[Kh-38]]M
*** 4 × [[Kh-59]]MK2<ref name="auto"/>
*** [[Kh-69]] 
** [[Anti-ship missile]]s:
*** 2 × [[Kh-35]]U
*** 2 × [[Kh-31]]
** [[Anti-radiation missile]]s:
*** 4 × [[Kh-58]]UShK
|hardpoints=12 hardpoints (6 × internal, 6 × external)
|hardpoint capacity={{convert|7500|kg|lb}} maximum payload

|avionics=
* Sh-121 multifunctional integrated radio electronic system (MIRES)
** [[Byelka (radar)|Byelka]] [[radar]] (400 km, 60 tracks with 16 targeted)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=2979702 |title=Су-57 теперь летает с новейшим оружием |website=vesti.ru |access-date=12 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630161633/https://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=2979702 |archive-date=30 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://rg.ru/2018/10/16/istrebitel-su-57-na-ispytaniiah-prevzoshel-luchshie-amerikanskie-analogi.html |title=Истребитель Су-57 на испытаниях превзошел лучшие американские аналоги |website=Российская газета |date=16 October 2018 |access-date=12 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229233933/https://rg.ru/2018/10/16/istrebitel-su-57-na-ispytaniiah-prevzoshel-luchshie-amerikanskie-analogi.html |archive-date=29 December 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*** N036-1-01: Frontal X-band [[active electronically scanned array]] (AESA) radar
*** N036B-1-01: Cheek X-band AESA radars for increased angular coverage
*** N036L-1-01: [[Leading-edge slats|Slat]] L-band arrays for [[identification friend or foe|IFF]]
** L402 Himalayas [[electronic countermeasure]] suite
* 101KS Atoll [[Electro-Optical Targeting System|electro-optical targeting system]]
** 101KS-O: Laser [[Directional Infrared Counter Measures]]
** 101KS-V: [[Infrared search and track]]
** 101KS-U: [[Ultraviolet]] [[missile approach warning system]]
** 101KS-N: [[Targeting pod]]
** 101KS-P: thermal imager for low altitude flying and night landing
}}

==Notable appearances in media==
<!-- ===============({{NoMoreCruft}})===============-->
<!-- Please READ [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content#Popular culture]] and [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Style guide#Popular culture]] before adding any "Popular culture" items.

Please do not add the many minor appearances of the aircraft. This section is only for major cultural appearances where the aircraft plays a MAJOR part in the storyline or has an "especially notable" role in what is listed. A verifiable source proving the appearance's notability may be required. Random cruft, including ALL Ace Combat, Video Game appearances, Transformers toyline appearances, Battlefield, and Metal Gear Solid appearances, and ALL anime/fiction lookalike speculation, WILL BE removed.

If your item has been removed, please discuss it on the talk page FIRST. A verifiable source proving the appearance's notability may be required. If a consensus is reached to include your item, a regular editor of this page will add it back. Thank you for your cooperation.-->
<!-- ===============({{NoMoreCruft}})=============== -->
{{main|Aircraft in fiction#Sukhoi Su-57}}
The Su-57 appears in the 2022 film ''[[Top Gun: Maverick]]'' as the aircraft used by the unnamed hostile nation, where it is referred to as a "fifth-generation fighter".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/44972/new-top-gun-trailer-shows-dogfight-between-f-14-and-su-57 |title=New Top Gun Trailer Shows Dogfight Between F-14 and Su-57 |work=The War Zone |date=29 March 2022}}</ref> The Su-57 is a flyable aircraft in several entries of the aerial combat game series ''[[Ace Combat]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ace Combat 7: Skies Unknown 'Su-57' trailer |url=https://www.gematsu.com/2019/01/ace-combat-7-skies-unknown-su-57-trailer |work=Gematsu |date=11 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Su-57: Bandai Namco Europe Launches Aircraft Focus Trailers To Tease Ace Combat 7 |url=https://gametyrant.com/news/bandai-namco-europe-launches-aircraft-focus-trailers-to-tease-ace-combat-7 |work=GameTyrant}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Russia|Aviation}}
{{aircontent
|see also=
|similar aircraft=<!-- aircraft that are of similar role, era and capability as this design: -->
* [[Chengdu J-20]]
* [[TAI TF Kaan]]
|lists=<!-- relevant lists that this aircraft appears in: -->
* [[List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS]]
* [[List of fighter aircraft]]
}}

==References==

===Notes===
{{Reflist|group=N}}

===References===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin|35em}}
* {{Cite book |last=Butowski |first=Piotr |title=Su-57 Felon |location=Stamford, UK |publisher=Key Books |year=2021 |isbn=978-1-913870-44-7 |url=https://shop.keypublishing.com/product/View/productCode/KB0043/Su-57%20Felon}}
* {{cite book |last1=Gordon |first1=Yefim |last2=Komissarov |first2=Dmitry |title=Famous Russian Aircraft: Sukhoi Su-57 |location=Cheshire, United Kingdom |publisher=Crecy Publishing |year=2021 |isbn=9781910809938 |url=http://www.crecy.co.uk/sukhoi-su-57}}
* Lake, Jon. "Sukhoi T-50 – Russia's Raptor?" ''Combat Aircraft'', Vol. 11, No. 4, April 2010.
* Sweetman, Bill. "Sukhoi T-50 Shows Flight-Control Innovations". ''[[Aviation Week|Aviation Week & Space Technology]]'', 19 August 2013. New York City, New York, US: Penton Media, Inc.
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{external media
 |topic     = on [[History Channel]] Official YouTube Channel{{in lang|ru}}
 |video1    = {{YouTube|g6IQKZJpbNo|“The best Sukhoi aircraft”. Su-57|}}
}}
* Official Sukhoi Su-57 webpage at {{Official website|https://www.uacrussia.ru/en/aircraft/lineup/military/su-57/|UAC}}

{{Sukhoi aircraft}}
{{Stealth aircraft}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sukhoi Su-57}}
[[Category:Sukhoi aircraft|Su-57]]
[[Category:2010s Russian fighter aircraft]]
[[Category:Twinjets]]
[[Category:Stealth aircraft]]
[[Category:Three dimension thrust vectoring aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 2010]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]