View source for String quintet

{{Short description|Musical piece for five string players}}
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 | image1 = Ensemble layout - cello quintet.png
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{{listen|type=music|filename=BOCCHERINI op27n°3 G303 Mvt2 (last) Minuetto - Jacques Lochet violin and synthesizer.ogg|title=String quintet op. 27 No. 3 G303 Mvt2 (last) Minuetto by Luigi Boccherini, arranged for violin and harmonium}}

A '''string quintet''' is a musical composition for five string players. As an extension to the [[string quartet]] (two [[violins]], a [[viola]], and a [[cello]]), a string quintet includes a fifth string instrument, usually a second viola (a so-called "viola quintet") or a second cello (a "cello quintet"), or occasionally a [[double bass]].

Notable examples of [[Cultural classic|classic]] "viola quintets", in four movement form include those of [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]. Other examples were written by composers including [[Johannes Brahms]] and [[Felix Mendelssohn]].

A famous "cello quintet" is [[Franz Schubert]]'s [[String Quintet (Schubert)|Quintet in C major]]. [[Antonín Dvořák]]'s [[String Quintet No. 2 (Dvořák)|Quintet Op.&nbsp;77]] uses a double bass, and Mozart's famous ''[[Eine kleine Nachtmusik]]'' may be performed with this instrumentation (the double bass being optional).

Alternative additions to a string quartet include clarinet or piano (see [[clarinet quintet]], [[piano quintet]]). A more unusual form of string quintet is the ''violin quintet'' composed of 3 violins, a viola and a cello (thus, a string quartet with an additional violin). Besides string quartets and quintets, other closely related [[chamber music]] genres include the [[string trio]], and the [[string sextet]].

The term ''string quintet'' may also refer to a group of five players that specializes in performing such works. The ensemble was standard in 17th century Italy and can be seen as early as 1607 in [[Claudio Monteverdi]]'s opera, ''[[L'Orfeo]]''.<ref name="myers" />

==List of viola quintets==
*[[Johann Georg Albrechtsberger]] – 19 String Quintets called "Sonatas" (1782–1803)
*[[Franz Joseph Aumann]] – String Quintet "Divertimento" in C major (c.1760)
*[[Arnold Bax]] – Quintet (1933)<ref>{{cite web |last=Parlett|first=David |title=Catalog of music by Bax (1930-1939) |work=www.davpar.eu/bax |url=http://www.davpar.eu/bax/bax3039.html |access-date=2007-12-20}}</ref>
*[[Frank Bridge]] – Quintet in E minor (H15, 1901)
*[[Ludwig van Beethoven]] – [[String Quintet, Op. 29 (Beethoven)|Quintet, Op. 29]], sometimes called the ''Storm'' Quintet; a [[Fugue for String Quintet, Op. 137 (Beethoven)|Fugue in D major for viola quintet, Op. 137]]; an arrangement of his [[Octet (Beethoven)|Octet]] for [[String Quintet, Op. 4 (Beethoven)|Viola Quintet, Op. 4]] (the original Octet was later published as Op.103); an arrangement of his [[Piano Trio No. 3 (Beethoven)|Piano Trio Op. 1 No. 3]] for [[String Quintet, Op. 104 (Beethoven)|Viola Quintet, Op. 104]]
*[[Luigi Boccherini]] – twelve original Quintets, arrangements of all twelve of his Piano Quintets (Op.56 and Op.57) for Viola Quintet.
*[[Johannes Brahms]] – two Quintets, [[String Quintet No. 1 (Brahms)|Op. 88]] and [[String Quintet No. 2 (Brahms)|Op. 111]]; the first edition of the Clarinet Quintet [[Clarinet Quintet (Brahms)|Op. 115]] included an alternate part for viola substituting for the clarinet
*[[Max Bruch]] –  Quintet in A minor
*[[Anton Bruckner]] – [[String Quintet (Bruckner)|String Quintet in F major]] (1879); [[Intermezzo in D minor (Bruckner)|Intermezzo in D minor]] (substitute for the scherzo)
*[[Carson Cooman]] – Quintet (''Unquiet Parables'', 2009), Op 856<ref>{{Cite web |title=Search {{!}} Carson Cooman – Composer |url=https://carsoncooman.com/search/?titlesearch=quintet&submit=Search |access-date=2025-11-06 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Brett Dean]] – Epitaph for string quintet (2010)
*[[Antonín Dvořák]] – two Quintets, [[String Quintet No. 1 (Dvořák)|No. 1 in A minor]] and [[String Quintet No. 3 (Dvořák)|No. 3 in E{{music|flat}} (the ''American'' Quintet)]]
*[[Victor Ewald]] – a Quintet Op. 4 in A major<ref>[https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=382819&DB=local Ewald?] at ''catalog.library.cornell.edu''</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Victor Ewald String Quintet in A Major, Op.4 |url=https://www.editionsilvertrust.com/ewald-string-quintet.htm |access-date=2025-11-06 |website=www.editionsilvertrust.com}}</ref>
*[[Eduard Franck]] – two Quintets, Op. 15 in E minor and Op. 51 in C Major
*[[Florian Leopold Gassmann]] – Op. 2 six String Quintets H 501–506 (1772)
*[[Friedrich Gernsheim]] – Quintet Op. 9 in D
*[[Roy Harris]] – Quintet (1940)
*[[Franz Joseph Haydn]] – Hob.II:2 Divertimento in G major (c.1754)
*[[Heinrich von Herzogenberg]] – Quintet in C minor, Op.77 (1892)
*[[Franz Anton Hoffmeister]] Op. 2 six Quintets (c.1782)
*[[Klaus Huber]] – ''Ecce homines'' (1998)
*[[Heinrich Kaminski]] – Quintet in F{{music|sharp}} minor (two versions, first 1916)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Heinrich Kaminski - Streichquintett fis-moll, 1916 |url=http://www.musikmph.de/musical_scores/prefaces/F-L/kaminski_quintett.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20071009190630/http://www.musikmph.de/musical_scores/prefaces/F-L/kaminski_quintett.html |archive-date=2007-10-09 |access-date=2025-11-06 |website=www.musikmph.de}}</ref>
*[[Franz Krommer]] – fifteen String Quintets
*{{ill|Johann Michael Malzat|de}} six String Quintets in F,G,B,A,E♭,C major
*[[Bohuslav Martinů]] –  Quintet (1927)
*[[Felix Mendelssohn]] – two Quintets: [[String Quintet No. 1 (Mendelssohn)|No. 1 in A major]], Op. 18 (1826, revised 1832) and [[String Quintet No. 2 (Mendelssohn)|No. 2 in B-flat major]], Op.87 (1845)
*[[Ernst Mielck]] – Quintet in F major (1897)
*[[Darius Milhaud]] – Quintet Op. 325 (1953–1954)
*[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] – six Quintets: [[String Quintet No. 1 (Mozart)|K174]], [[String Quintet No. 2 (Mozart)|K406/516b]], [[String Quintet No. 3 (Mozart)|K515]], [[String Quintet No. 4 (Mozart)|K516]], [[String Quintet No. 5 (Mozart)|K593]], [[String Quintet No. 6 (Mozart)|K614]]
*[[Carl Nielsen]] – Quintet in G major (1888)
*[[George Onslow (composer)|George Onslow]] – five out of his thirty-four Quintets are with two violas; four are with double bass and the rest with two cellos (see below)<ref name="george.onslow.online.fr">{{Cite web |title=The George Onslow website |url=http://george.onslow.online.fr/accueilUK.html |access-date=2025-11-06 |website=george.onslow.online.fr}}</ref>
*[[Hubert Parry]] – Quintet in E flat (1909<ref>{{Cite web |title=IRELAND String Quartets Naxos 8.557777 [MC]: Classical CD Reviews- August 2006 MusicWeb-International |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2006/Aug06/Ireland_Maggini_8557777.htm |access-date=2025-11-06 |website=www.musicweb-international.com}}</ref>) 
*[[George Perle]] – [[Quintet for Strings (Perle)|Quintet]] (1958)
*[[Josef Rheinberger]] –  Quintet in A minor, Op. 82 (1874)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.carus-verlag.com/index.php3?BLink%3DKKArtikel%26ArtNummer%3D5008200 |work=www.carus-verlag.com |title=Josef Gabriel Rheinberger: Streichquintett |access-date=2016-02-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226123350/http://www.carus-verlag.com/index.php3?BLink=KKArtikel&ArtNummer=5008200 |archive-date=2014-02-26 }}</ref> ([[Carus-Verlag]])
*[[Ferdinand Ries]] – Seven Quintets, Op. 37 in C, Op. 68 in D minor, Op. 167 in A minor, Op. 171 in G, Op. 183 in E-flat, and two published without opus in A major and F minor (published in a series "Samtliche Streichquintette" edited by Jürgen Schmidt between 2003-5 for Accolade Musikverlag.)
*[[Franz Schubert]] – "Quintet-Overture" for  Quintet, D&nbsp;8
*[[Roger Sessions]] –  Quintet (1958)
*[[Robert Simpson (composer)|Robert Simpson]] – Quintet (1987)
*[[Louis Spohr]] – seven  Quintets
*[[Charles Villiers Stanford]] – Two  Quintets, Op. 85 & Op.86 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2002/Sept02/Stanford_ASV.htm |last=Howell|first=Christopher |work=www.musicweb-international.com |title=Review of ASV CDS DCA1056 & DCA925|publisher=Musicweb International |year=2002 |access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref> <!--(Op. 85 in F recorded on [[Hyperion Records|Hyperion]] and Op. 86, [[1903]])-->
*[[Johan Svendsen]] – Quintet in C, Op. 5<ref>{{Cite web |title=Johan Severin SVENDSEN - String Quartet [DS]: Classical CD Reviews- Oct 2003 MusicWeb(UK) |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2003/Oct03/satzJohan_Severin%20_Svendsen.htm |access-date=2025-11-06 |website=www.musicweb-international.com}}</ref> (1868)
*[[Sergei Taneyev]] – Quintet in C, Op. 16
*[[Johann Baptist Wanhal]] – Six String Quintets (1774)
*[[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] – Quintet (the ''Phantasy'' Quintet – 1912) and ''Nocturne and Scherzo'' (1904–1906)
*[[Felix Weingartner]] –  Quintet, his Op. 40 <!-- at the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh for example, but key not given in catalog listing. Published about 1906. -->
*[[Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari]] - Quintet in C, Op. 24 (1939)
*[[John Woolrich]] – The Death of King Renaud (1991)
*[[Alexander von Zemlinsky]] – Quintet (1894–1896): 2 movements are lost

==List of cello quintets==
[[File:Boccherini String Quintet in E.jpg|thumb|Sheet music for a piano arrangement of [[String Quintet in E major, Op. 11, No. 5 (Boccherini)|the celebrated string quintet in E]] (an example of a 'cello quintet') by [[Luigi Boccherini]]]]

*[[Arnold Bax]] –  Quintet in G major (1908), the second movement of which was rescored by the composer for Viola Quintet and published as the ''Lyrical Interlude'' (1923);
*[[Wilhelm Berger]] – Quintet in E minor, Op. 75 (1911)<ref name="merton" />
*[[Luigi Boccherini]] – one hundred and ten Quintets. The third movement [[Minuet]] of the [[String Quintet in E (Boccherini)|Cello Quintet Op.11 No.5]] is extremely well known.
*[[Alexander Borodin]] – Quintet in F minor (1859–1860)
*[[Luigi Cherubini]] – Quintet in E minor (1837)
*[[Felix Otto Dessoff]] –  Quintet, Op. 10
*[[Friedrich Dotzauer]] –  Quintet in D minor, Op. 134 (1835)
*[[Felix Draeseke]] –  Quintet in F, Op. 77 (1901)
*[[Friedrich Gernsheim]] –  Quintet Op. 89 in E{{music|flat}}
*[[Alexander Glazunov]] –  Quintet in A, Op. 39 (1892)
*[[Karl Goldmark]] –  Quintet in A minor, Op. 9 (1862)
*[[Theodore Gouvy]] –  Quintet in G, op 55 is on IMSLP 
*[[August Klughardt]] – Quintet in G minor, Op. 62 (1902)<ref name="merton" />
*[[Frank Martin (composer)|Frank Martin]] – Pavane couleur du temps (Colour of weather Pavane), 1920, 7', For  quintet.<ref>{{cite web |title=Frank Martin Worklist |work=www.musinfo.ch |url=http://www.musinfo.ch/index.php?content=maske_werke&name=Martin&vorname=Frank&pers_id=258 |access-date=2007-10-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024192738/http://www.musinfo.ch/index.php?content=maske_werke&pers_id=258&name=Martin&vorname=Frank |archive-date=2007-10-24}}</ref>
*[[Darius Milhaud]] –  Quintet Op. 350 (1956)
*[[George Onslow (composer)|George Onslow]] – twenty-five of his thirty-four string quintets are Cello Quintets; five are with two violas and four are with double bass<ref name="george.onslow.online.fr"/>
*[[Einojuhani Rautavaara]] – Quintet "Les Cieux Inconnues" (''Unknown Heavens'', 1997)
*[[Ottorino Respighi]] –  Quintet in G minor (1901, incomplete)
*[[Wolfgang Rihm]] – ''Epilog'' (2013)
*[[George Rochberg]] – Quintet for Two Violins, Viola and Two Cellos (1982)
*[[Franz Schubert]] – [[String Quintet (Schubert)|Cello Quintet]], Op. post. 163, D&nbsp;956
*[[Peter Seabourne]] – Quintet for Two Violins, Viola and Two Cellos (2012)
*[[Robert Simpson (composer)|Robert Simpson]] – Quintet (1995)
*[[Ethel Smyth]] – Quintet in E major, Op. 1
*[[Sergei Taneyev]] – Quintet in G, Op. 14 (1900–1901)
*[[Ferdinand Thieriot]] – Streich-Quintett G-Dur, 1914; others with wind instruments<ref>[https://archive.today/20130706043928/http://catnyp.nypl.org/record=b7475389 Thieriot?] </ref>
*[[Carl Vine]] – String Quintet (2009)

==String quintets for 3 violins, viola and cello==
*[[Johann Georg Albrechtsberger]], String Quintet (1798)
*[[Franz Clement]], Introduction and Polonaise in E major (Polonaise für die Violine mit Begleitung von 2 Violinen, Viola und Violonzello)
*[[Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst]], Polonaise, Op.17
*[[Morton Feldman]], Violin and String Quartet (1985)
<!--*[[Kamillo Horn]] (1860-1941), string quintet, op. 50-->
*[[Charles Martin Loeffler]] – one Violin Quintet (three violins, viola and cello)
*[[Joseph Mayseder]], Polonaise No.1, Op.10; Polonaise No.3, Op.12
<!--*[[Franz Anton Morgenroth]] (1780-1847), Variations for Violin and String Quartet, Op.4-->
*[[Alessandro Rolla]], Divertimento for Violin and String Quartet, BI 429
*[[Franz Schubert]], [[Rondo in A major for Volin and Strings, D 438 (Schubert)|Rondo in A major for Violin and Strings]], D 438
*[[Louis Spohr]], Potpourri No.2 in B{{music|flat}} major (Potpourri on themes by Mozart for violin and string quartet (with bass ad libitum))

==List of double bass quintets==
*[[Leslie Bassett]] – Quintet (1957)<ref>[https://archive.today/20130706043920/http://catnyp.nypl.org/record=b1771977 Bassett, Leslie, 1923- Quintets, violins (2), viola, violoncello, double bass] ''NY Public Library reference'', accessed 7 October 2020</ref>
*[[Luigi Boccherini]] – three Quintets.
*[[Antonín Dvořák]] – [[String Quintet No. 2 (Dvořák)|Quintet]] Op. 77 in G (1875)
*[[Brian Ferneyhough]] – ''Christus Resurgens'' (2017)
*[[Alistair Hinton]] – String Quintet (1969–77)
*[[Vagn Holmboe]] –  Quintet, Op. 165/M.326 (1986)
*[[Darius Milhaud]] – Quintet Op. 316
*[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] - [[Eine kleine Nachtmusik|Serenade No. 13]], K. 525, "Eine kleine Nachtmusik"
*[[George Onslow (composer)|George Onslow]] – four out of his thirty-four String Quintets are with double bass; five with two violas and the rest with two cellos<ref name="george.onslow.online.fr"/>
*[[Robert Paterson (composer)|Robert Paterson]] – ''I See You'' (2015) (for string quintet with double bass and recording)

==String quintets for other combinations==
[[File:De Zagerij Pro (vier cello's en een contrabas) in het Hof, Dordrecht, 2019.jpg|thumb|An unusual string quintet (De Zagerij Pro) consisting of four cellos and a double bass, Hof, [[Dordrecht]], the Netherlands, 2019]]
*[[Felix Draeseke]] – one Quintet in A for Two Violins, Viola, [[Violotta]], and Cello (the ''Stelzner-Quintett''; 1897); Draeseke also composed one Cello Quintet- in F, Op. 77 (1901)

==Works making use of a string quintet==
*[[Nigel Keay]] – one Double Bass Quintet with Contralto, Tango Suite (2002)<ref>[https://archive.today/20110810045938/http://www.nigelkeay.com/tangosuite.html Nigel Keay - Tango Suite (2002)] ''www.nigelkeay.com'', accessed 7 October 2020</ref>
<!-- [[m:de:Liste von Streichquintetten]] is more specific with regard to quintets from different eras -->

==See also==
* [[String quintet repertoire]]

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="myers">Myers, Herbert W. (2000). "When Is a Violino Not a Viola da Braccio?" ''The Galpin Society Journal'' 53, 335–39.</ref>
<ref name="merton">{{cite web |title=Merton Catalog |work=www.classical.net |url=http://www.classical.net/music/links/commercial/publisher/merton/catalog.html |access-date=2007-10-23}}</ref>
}}

{{Musical ensembles}}
{{Violin family}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:String Quintet}}
[[Category:Chamber music]]
[[Category:Types of musical groups]]
[[Category:Musical quintets| ]]