View source for Strand underpass

{{Short description|Vehicle tunnel in central London}}
{{one source|date=April 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
[[Image:Strand-underpass-london-800.jpg|thumb|Entrance to the underpass from Waterloo Bridge]]

The '''Strand underpass''' is a one-way road [[tunnel]] in central [[London]] connecting [[Waterloo Bridge]] to [[Kingsway, London|Kingsway]] near [[Holborn]]. Opened in 1964, it was built within the former [[Kingsway tramway subway]], which closed in the 1950s. It is open to motor vehicles, pedestrians and horse riders but not cyclists as indicated on signs.

==History==
The underpass is built within part of the former [[Kingsway tramway subway]], which was {{convert|20|ft}} wide and allowed bi-directional flow because of the fixed rails and relatively narrow width of the trams. The new underpass was built by [[Mowlem|John Mowlem & Co]]<ref>''Mowlem 1822–1972'' – Mowlem Public Relations brochure, 1972, p. 6</ref> and opened on 21 January 1964. It is only {{convert|17|ft}} wide and, as a result, it is normally one-way northbound because of the side clearances required.  The headroom is only {{convert|12.5|ft}} due to the tunnel having to pass beneath the bridge [[abutment]] by a 1:12 [[Grade (slope)|gradient]].  An electronic 'eye' alerts drivers of tall vehicles and diverts them to an 'escape route' to the left of the entrance. However, high vehicles do still try to pass through and so get stuck occasionally.

[[File:Strand underpass in 2007.jpg|thumb|right|Inside the underpass]]
The underpass is a concrete box within the former tram subway, with the road surface at the original track level. At the northern end of the underpass the road rises to the surface on a new carriageway supported by metal pillars. This passes through the site of the former [[Aldwych tramway station]]; because of the greater width requirement, 27 trees and some pavement sections were removed for it to be constructed.

The tunnel was used by the [[London Buses route 521|521 bus route]] northbound until it was withdrawn in April 2023. In 2012, the direction of traffic in the tunnel was temporarily reversed, so that it was in use by southbound traffic. This was to facilitate easier traffic flow during the [[2012 Summer Olympics]].

==References==
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[[Category:Tunnels in London]]
[[Category:Transport architecture in London]]
[[Category:Road tunnels in England]]


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