View source for Speed metal

{{Short description|Subgenre of heavy metal music}}
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{{For|the Transformers episode titled "Speed Metal"|List of Transformers: Prime episodes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = Speed metal
| stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[New wave of British heavy metal]]|[[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]]|[[punk rock|punk]]}}<!-- Please don't add unsourced genres -->
| cultural_origins  = Late 1970s and early 1980s, mainly in the United Kingdom
| derivatives       = {{hlist|[[Neoclassical metal]]|[[power metal]]|[[thrash metal]]|[[black metal]]}}
| regional_scenes   = 
| other_topics      = {{hlist|[[Extreme metal]]|[[shred guitar]]}}
| subgenrelist      = 
}}

'''Speed metal''' is a subgenre of [[heavy metal music]] that originated in the late 1970s from [[new wave of British heavy metal]] (NWOBHM) roots.<ref name="Extreme">K. Kahn-Harris, ''Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge'' (Berg Publishers, 2007), {{ISBN|1-84520-399-2}}, p. 31.</ref> It is described by [[AllMusic]] as "extremely fast, abrasive, and technically demanding" music.<ref name="allmusic" >{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/speed-thrash-metal-ma0000002874 |title=Speed/Thrash Metal |work=[[AllMusic]] |publisher=[[All Media Network]] |access-date=2 January 2017 }}</ref>

It is usually considered less abrasive and more melodic than [[thrash metal]]. However, speed metal is usually faster and more aggressive than traditional heavy metal, also showing more inclination to [[virtuoso]] soloing and featuring short instrumental passages between couplets. Speed metal songs frequently make use of highly expressive vocals, but are usually less likely to employ "harsh" vocals than thrash metal songs.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://heavymetalencyclopedia.com/genres/15-speed-metal |title=The Best Speed Metal Albums |encyclopedia=Heavy Metal Encyclopedia |access-date=5 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110413031217/http://heavymetalencyclopedia.com/genres/15-speed-metal |archive-date=13 April 2011}}</ref>

==Origins==
===New wave of British heavy metal===
One of the key influences on the development of speed metal was the new wave of British heavy metal, or [[NWOBHM]]. This was a heavy metal movement that started in the late 1970s in Britain and achieved international attention by the early 1980s. NWOBHM bands toned down the [[blues]] influences of earlier acts, incorporated elements of [[Punk rock|punk]], increased the [[tempo]], and adopted a "tougher" sound, taking a harder approach to their music.

It was an era directed almost exclusively at heavy metal fans and is considered to be a major foundation stone for the [[extreme metal]] genres.

The NWOBHM came to dominate the heavy metal scene of the early-mid-1980s. It was musically characterised by fast upbeat tempo songs, [[power chords]], fast [[guitar solos]] and melodic, soaring vocals. Groups such as [[Iron Maiden]], [[Judas Priest]], [[Venom (band)|Venom]], [[Saxon (band)|Saxon]] and [[Motörhead]] as well as many lesser-known ones, became part of the canon that influenced American bands that formed in the early eighties.

===Other metal influences===
[[Image:Motorhead-03.jpg|thumb|[[Motörhead]] playing in 2005]]
Motörhead is often credited as the first band to play speed metal in the mid-1970s.<ref>{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p4965|pure_url=yes}}|title=Motörhead: Biography|last=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|author-link= Stephen Thomas Erlewine|work=[[AllMusic]] |publisher=[[All Media Network]] |access-date=4 May 2010}}</ref> [[The Sweet]] released "Sweet F.A." and "Set Me Free" in April 1974 which heavily influenced speed metal later in the decade. Some of speed metal's earlier influences include [[Black Sabbath]]'s "[[Children of the Grave]]" and "[[Symptom of the Universe (song)|Symptom of the Universe]]", [[Budgie (band)|Budgie]]'s "[[Breadfan]]" and [[Queen (band)|Queen]]'s "[[Stone Cold Crazy]]" (the latter two were eventually covered by the [[thrash metal]] band [[Metallica]]),<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/xxhj/|title= Queen: ''Sheer Heart Attack'' Review|last= Jones|first= Chris|date= 7 June 2007|publisher= BBC Music|access-date= 28 March 2009}}</ref> as well as certain [[Deep Purple]] songs such as "[[Speed King]]", "[[Fireball (Deep Purple song)|Fireball]]" and "[[Highway Star (song)|Highway Star]]". The latter was called "early speed metal" by [[Robb Reiner]] of speed metal band [[Anvil (band)|Anvil]].<ref>{{cite web|date=16 March 2009 |url=http://www.vh1.com/video/play.jhtml?id=1607080&vid=355015 |title=Anvil On Deep Purple's "Highway Star" |publisher=[[VH1]]  |access-date=8 April 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605044617/http://www.vh1.com/video/misc/355015/anvil-on-deep-purples-highway-star.jhtml#id=1607080 |archive-date=5 June 2011}}</ref>

==History==
The origin of the genre's name is the aptly named "[[Speed King]]" by [[Deep Purple]]. Recording on the song started in 1969 making it nearly a full decade ahead of the musical style being recognised. The song is not only very fast and technical but was also extremely loud creating noticeable distortion in the recording process. The [[Fireball (Deep Purple song)|title song]] for the band's next album, ''[[Fireball (album)|Fireball]]'', is a further refinement of the band's influence with drummer [[Ian Paice]]'s use of the [[double bass drum]]. The way the double bass drum is played in "Fireball"—uptempo "[[Four on the floor (music)|four on the floor]]"—became a mainstay in many heavy, speed and thrash metal songs in the years that followed.

Speed metal eventually evolved into [[thrash metal]].<ref name="allmusic"/> Although many tend to equate the two subgenres, others argue that there is a distinct difference between them. In his book ''[[Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal]]'', [[Ian Christe]] states that "...thrash metal relies more on long, wrenching rhythmic breaks, while speed metal... is a cleaner and more musically intricate subcategory, still loyal to the dueling melodies of classic metal."<ref>* {{cite book | last1 = Christe | first1 = Ian | author-link1 = Ian Christe | title = [[Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal]] | work = !t Books | publisher = [[HarperCollins]] | year = 2004 | location = New York City, New York | isbn = 978-0-380-81127-4 | page = [https://archive.org/details/soundofbeastcomp0000chri/page/137 137] }}</ref> However, on the very next page, Christe calls speed metal a "subset of thrash metal" and argues that "There was little intrinsic difference between speed metal and thrash metal. With the sudden boom of fast, raging bands, however, it sometimes helped to distinguish between the throbbing, rhythm-heavy thrash metal and something a bit cleaner and more melodic--dubbed speed metal."<ref>Christe 2004, p. 138.</ref>
Some{{Who|date=April 2024}} may argue that [[first-wave black metal]] bands such as [[Venom (band)|Venom]], [[Sodom (band)|Sodom]], and [[Bathory (band)|Bathory]] were speed metal and that black metal evolved as an extreme form of speed metal.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} Speed metal also played a major role in formation of [[power metal]], with [[Helloween]]'s, one of the "big four" of power metal, first two albums being speed metal, or speed metal adjacent, in the case of ''[[Keeper of the Seven Keys: Part I]]''.

==Etymology== 
The term speed metal originated during the 1980s to refer to what is now known as [[thrash metal]]. The speed metal genre as it is understood today was defined retrospectively in the 1990s.<ref name="Zoris, 2025">{{cite web |last1=Zoris |first1=Alexandros |title=HEAVY METAL SUBGENRES ΚΑΤΑ ΤΗΝ ΔΕΚΑΕΤΙΑ ΤΟΥ '80 – ΟΡΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΑΠΑΡΧΕΣ, ΝΟΗΜΑΤΟΔΟΤΗΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΤΕΠΕΙΤΑ ΕΞΕΛΙΞΗ - ΜΕΡΟΣ 1ο |work=Metalzone |date=6 March 2025 |url=https://metalzone.gr/articles/heavy-metal-subgenres-%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1-%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD-%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85-%E2%80%9880-%E2%80%93-%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B5%CF%83-%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7-%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9 |access-date=7 March 2025}}</ref>

==Regional differences==
Speed metal's sound varied between various regional scenes. European bands leaned towards the sound of bands like Venom and Motörhead. Japanese bands had a more melodic sound that resembled [[power metal]]. North American bands had a faster, more aggressive sound that would later influence the thrash metal movement.<ref name="allmusic"/>

==See also==
* [[List of speed metal bands]]
* [[First-wave black metal]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}

{{heavy metal}}{{Hardcore punk}}{{Extreme metal}}

[[Category:Speed metal| ]]
[[Category:Heavy metal genres]]