View source for Special Tasks and Rescue

{{Short description|Police Tactical Group of the South Australia Police.}}
{{About|the South Australia police unit|the Malaysian unit|Special Task and Rescue}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox law enforcement unit
| unit_name = Special Tasks and Rescue Group
| native_name = 
| native_namea =
| native_namer =
| image = Coat of arms of the South Australia Police.svg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = 
| dates = {{Start_date|1978|11|30}} – present
| country = 
| agency = [[South Australia Police]]
| type = [[Police tactical group]]
| role = {{Plainlist}}
* [[Law enforcement]]
* [[Counter-terrorism]]
* [[Bodyguard|Close Personal Protection]]
* [[K-9 Unit]]
* [[Police aviation|PolAir]]
* [[Search and Rescue]]
{{Endplainlist}}
| ops_juris = 
| command_structure = [[South Australia Police#Security and Emergency Management Service|Security and Emergency Management Service]]<ref name="SAPolorg">{{cite web |title=South Australia Police - Organisational structure |url=https://www.police.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/631771/SA-Police-organisational-structure.pdf |website=South Australia Police |access-date=15 July 2020}}</ref>
| headquarters = [[Adelaide]]
| coordinates =
| motto = 
| motto_translated = 
| common_name = STAR Force, Starries
| abbreviation = STAR Group
<!-- Structure -->
| sworn_type_label = Operators
| sworn = 140 Members (in 2014)<ref>{{cite web|last1=Williamson|first1=Brett|title=South Australia's anti-terrorism force ready for possible threats|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-09-19/south-australias-anti-terrorism-force/5755522|website=ABC News (Australia)|date=19 September 2014|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|access-date=26 March 2015}}</ref>
| unsworn_type_label = 
| unsworn = 
| subunit_type_label =
| subunits = {{Plainlist}}
* Dog operations unit
* Mounted operations unit
* Negotiator coordinator section
* Water operations unit
* Bomb unit
{{Endplainlist}}
| station_type_label = 
| stations =
<!-- Commanders -->
| current_commander = 
<!-- Notables --> 
| programs = <!-- or | programmes = -->
| significant_operations = 
| anniversaries =
| awards = 
<!-- Equipment -->
| vehicles = 
| boats =
| aircraft = 
| animals = 
<!--Website --> 
| website = 
}}

'''Special Tasks and Rescue Group''' ('''STAR Group''') is the [[Police Tactical Group]] of the [[South Australia Police]].<ref name="STAR2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.sapolice.sa.gov.au/sapol/about_us/structure/operations_support_service/special_tasks_rescue_group.jsp|title=Special Tasks & Rescue Group|website=South Australia Police|date=8 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421105459/http://www.sapolice.sa.gov.au/sapol/about_us/structure/operations_support_service/special_tasks_rescue_group.jsp |archive-date=21 April 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==History==
Formed on 30 November 1978, the South Australian Police 'STAR Force' was a rationalisation of specialist resources into one command/unit. Specialist units had existed prior to 1978 within SAPOL to deal with emergency situations such as rescues, sieges and armed offenders situations. The Group traces its history back as far as July 1957 with the formation of the Police Rescue Squad, which was later changed to Police Emergency Operations Group.<ref name="STARhist">{{cite web|url=http://www.sapolice.sa.gov.au/sapol/community_services/events/175_years_commemoration/moments_in_time.jsp?text_only=false|title=Moments in Time|website=South Australia Police|date=13 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313144111/http://www.sapolice.sa.gov.au/sapol/community_services/events/175_years_commemoration/moments_in_time.jsp?text_only=false |archive-date=13 March 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> The unit was later to change its name from "Force" to "Group".<ref name="STARhist"/>

While STAR Group officers rarely have to fire their weapon, there have been some incidents in which STAR group officers have fired upon an armed suspect and killed their target as per operation guidelines.<ref name="STAR2011"/>

As in other states, SAPOL decided that it would be more practical and expedient to combine all the skills of various tactical/special units in one unit and to have specialist personnel on duty or available on call, at all times to deal with emergencies.

Further restructuring in 1994 saw STAR Group expand its role to include Water Police and the co-ordination of Negotiators. Certain incidents automatically trigger a STAR Group response such as a high speed chase of offenders known or likely to be armed.

In 1998, female police officer Jane Kluzek became the first female officer to complete the STAR Group selection course and in doing so became the first ever female tactical operator in an Australian police tactical group.<ref>{{cite web |title=Who we are |url=https://www.police.sa.gov.au/about-us/who-we-are |website=South Australia Police |access-date=17 July 2020}}</ref> In 2017/18 SAPOL implemented a program to encourage more women to take part in STAR Group operations, and while five women undertook training and one woman applied for pre-selection, she was not successful in obtaining a position.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=March 2020|title=Change in perceptions, experiences and practices that support gender equality and cultural change in SAPOL|url=https://eoc.sa.gov.au/sites/default/files/inline-files/Final%20Report%20-%20Change%20in%20perceptions%2C%20experiences%20and%20practices%20that%20support%20gender%20eqaulity%20and%20cultural%20change%20in%20SAPOL_0.pdf|journal=Independent Review into Sex Discrimination, Sexual Harassment and Predatory Behaviour in the South Australia Police}}</ref>

==Mission==

STAR Group is designed to handle problems and situations which require more concentrated attention than can normally be provided by the General Patrol Police and/or which call for tactics and/or equipment which cannot be used by patrol members in uniform.

The unit consists of highly trained personnel skilled in the use of firearms, counter-terrorist tactics, crowd control, crime prevention techniques, underwater recovery, water policing, Close Personal Protection and search and rescue operations. Thus there is available at all times a mobile patrol force to assist other line units in emergencies of any kind, and to act as a support force in crime control operations.<ref name="STAR2011"/>

In 2006, STAR Group response to over 335 search and rescue incidents and 126 tactical/high-risk operations across the State.<ref>{{cite web |title=South Australia Police Annual Report 2005-2006 |url=https://www.police.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/13324/annual_report_2005_20061.pdf |website=South Australia Police |access-date=15 July 2020 |page=165}}</ref>

==Principal roles==

* Search and rescue
* Helicopter operations
* The arrest of armed and dangerous offenders
* Provide close-quarter protection and related security measures as necessary.
* VIP Security
* Patrol deployment as a crime prevention
* Resolving siege and hostage situations, as well as armed offender situations;
* Riot/crowd control

==Structure==

STAR Group is part of the Security and Emergency Management Service and comprises several sections:

===Operations Section===

The Operations Section is responsible for a myriad of tasks including high-risk policing, counter-terrorist response, search and rescue operations and the supplementation of general duty patrols.

Each member is required to develop and maintain skills in weapons handling, high-risk policing, counter-terrorist standard operating procedures, VIP protection, search and rescue operations, civil disorder techniques and many other functions peculiar to S.T.A.R. Operations. Select individuals within S.T.A.R. Operations develop specialist skills in one key area allowing the provision of helicopter aircrew, marksmen/observers, VIP drivers, Search and Rescue Coordination and bomb technicians.

S.T.A.R. Operations members travel extensively performing their duties statewide, nationally and internationally. During any given week, a S.T.A.R. member may be required to manage a Search and Rescue Operation in the far north of South Australia, assist with the extradition of an accused person from interstate or accompany immigration staff as far afield as India or Europe to enact deportation orders. Members also participate in many national and international training programs frequently travelling interstate to attend multi-discipline training courses. Other members have undertaken training courses in Britain the United States and Germany.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=http://www.gwpmagazine.com.au/gwpmagazine/article/pubguest--derrick--mcmanus--inspirational--speaker--and--educator |title=Publisher's Guest Derrick McManus|magazine=GWP Magazine|issue=34|date=January–February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227091726/http://www.gwpmagazine.com.au/gwpmagazine/article/pubguest--derrick--mcmanus--inspirational--speaker--and--educator |archive-date=27 February 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Dog Operations Unit===

The South Australian Dog Operations Unit provides support to operational police through the deployment of highly trained dog teams. Each team comprises a trained dog, being either a German Shepherd or Labrador retriever dog and handler. These dog teams are based in metropolitan Adelaide but are able to respond to calls for assistance throughout the State. Police dog teams are trained to carry out duties involving tracking, searching, criminal apprehension, drug detection and explosive detection.<ref name="STAR2011"/>

The Dog Operations Unit plays an important role in assisting to keep the community safe in South Australia. The natural instincts and abilities of a dog to follow a track or locate a hidden/lost person or object cannot be replicated by modern technology.

The Dog Operations Unit is on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

===Water Operations Unit===

Water Operations Unit is responsible for policing the coastal and inland waters of South Australia and provides the capability for search and rescue in those waters. The unit was officially formed in September 1995 with the merger of the Underwater Recovery Section and Water Police.<ref name="SAPoliceNews">{{cite web|url=http://www.sapolicenews.com.au/more-news/1213-looking-beneath-the-surface-.html|title=Looking beneath the surface |website=SA Police Media Home|date=13 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511223532/http://www.sapolicenews.com.au/more-news/1213-looking-beneath-the-surface-.html|archive-date=11 May 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are five vessels varying from a five-metre inflatable dinghy to a 16-metre launch. The vessels are also used as diving platforms for police divers. The divers assist local police in the recovery of bodies or submerged objects from the sea, inland waters and caves.<ref name="SAPoliceNews"/>

All water responses (sea search and rescue, water policing, diving, and Marine Crime Watch) are conducted by this Unit.<ref name="SAPoliceNews"/>

===Mounted Operations Unit===

The South Australia Mounted Police is an integral part of today's policing strategies, unique in its contribution to the maintenance of law and order. Apart from the highly visible roles of escort duties and mounted patrols, there are many ways the Mounted Operations Unit contributes to the safety of the people.<ref name="STAR2011"/>

The size gives the mounted officer a greater field of view than the foot or mobile officer while, at the same time, providing a more obvious police presence. Generally, they have access to the same areas as other officers and can operate in areas impractical or inaccessible to officers in vehicles or on foot.

Imposing as they are, the non-aggressive presence of the horse enables mounted officers to safely and quickly defuse violent or antisocial situations, quite often without the hostility usually directed at other officers in similar circumstances.<ref name="STAR2011"/> The mere presence of a police horse attracts immediate attention and provides an excellent medium for police and public interaction, particularly with those who would normally avoid police contact.<ref name="STAR2011"/> When properly deployed, the mounted officer is an effective and modern police resource.<ref name="STAR2011"/>

===Negotiator Coordinator Section===

The Negotiator Coordination Section provides support to operational police by deployment of trained negotiators throughout the State. Under the National Guidelines, [[negotiation]] is considered the first option to achieve a peaceful resolution in high-risk incidents and negotiators respond to all types of incidents where their expertise may be of assistance.<ref name="STAR2011"/>

===Bomb Response Unit===

The Bomb Response  Unit is the [[bomb squad]] of South Australia Police.<ref name="STAR2011"/> Responsibilities of this unit include the disposal of [[improvised explosive devices]] (IED) and other [[Unexploded ordnance|explosive material]], clearing explosives scenes before post-blast examination, conducting high risk searches for bombs, explosives, booby traps etc. and co-ordinating responses for military ordnance.

Bomb Response Unit (BRU) is responsible for:<ref name="STAR2011"/>
*Disposing of improvised explosive devices (IED) and /or explosive material
*Disposing of commercial explosives
*Clearing explosives from safes
*Clearing explosives scenes before post-blast examination
*Advising members of the public on measures to counter bomb threats
*Conducting high risk searches for bombs, explosives, booby traps etc.
*Maintaining a capability to respond, as required, to all terrorist incidents
*Coordinating responses for military ordnance

== Equipment ==
Equipment usage varies mission-to-mission.

=== Weaponry ===
* [[Blaser R93 Tactical]] Sniper Rifle<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Milnes|first1=Michael|url=http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/star-group-snipers-test-worlds-most-lethal-sniper-rifle/news-story/dbe69f16a954fda2a1f86b7aeaf61ceb|title=STAR Group snipers test world's most lethal sniper rifle|newspaper=The Advertiser|date=10 September 2010|access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref>
* Standard [[Smith & Wesson M&P]] [[.40 S&W]] Semi Automatic Pistol
* [[M4 Carbine]] Assault Rifle 
* [[Club (law enforcement)#Expandable baton|ASP Extendable Baton]]
* [[Handcuffs]]
* [[Taser]]
* [[Bodycam]]

=== Vehicles ===
In 2011, STAR Group took delivery of a [[Lenco BearCat]] [[SWAT vehicle|armoured vehicle]] available for use in siege or terrorist situations.<ref name="bearcat">{{cite web |title = SAPOL's latest security weapon |url = http://www.sapolicenews.com.au/more-news/1834-sapols-latest-weapon-for-emergency-response-and-counter-terrorism.html |publisher = SA Police News |access-date = 3 July 2011 |archive-date = 21 May 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110521023633/http://www.sapolicenews.com.au/more-news/1834-sapols-latest-weapon-for-emergency-response-and-counter-terrorism.html |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Rice|first1=Steve|url=https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ipad/armored-truck-rolls-into-south-australias-crime-fighting-arsenal/news-story/5c658b14f730854d700863abdf610efc|title=Armored truck rolls into South Australia's crime-fighting arsenal|date=19 May 2011|newspaper=The Advertiser|access-date=3 July 2011}}</ref> The Bearcat replaces a previous [[Shorland S600|Tenix Defence S600]] armoured rescue vehicle used by the Group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/galleries/gallery-e6frecgc-1225747989582?page=5&nk=29b2737ffdda619bb1544f95878975b0-1553358064|title=Category: - Page 5 - The Advertiser|website=Adelaidenow.com.au|access-date=12 August 2011}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020}}</ref>

* [[Lenco BearCat]] Armored Truck
* [[Toyota Land Cruiser]]

==See also==
* Australian Defence Force [[Tactical Assault Group]]
* [[List of special law enforcement units|List of police tactical units]]
* [[National Anti Terrorism Exercise]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.police.sa.gov.au SA Police Official website]

{{South Australia Police}}
{{Aust PTG}}

[[Category:Police units of Australia]]
[[Category:Police tactical units]]
[[Category:1978 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:South Australia Police]]