View source for Source Mage

{{Short description|Linux distribution}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{primary sources|date=July 2008}}
{{original research|date=July 2008}}
}}

{{Infobox OS
| name                   = Source Mage
| logo                   = smgl logo.png
| caption                =
| developer              = Source Mage community
| family                 = [[Linux]] ([[Unix-like]])
| source_model           = [[Open-source software|Open source]]
| working_state          = Active
| latest_release_version = {{wikidata|property|reference|P348}}
| latest_release_date    = {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|P348|P577}}}}
| kernel_type            = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] [[Linux kernel]]
| license                = Source Mage Social Contract qualified software
| website                = {{URL|https://www.sourcemage.org}}
}}
'''Source Mage''' is a source-based [[Linux distribution]] descended from Sorcerer. Components of this operating system are downloaded as source code and compiled locally on the user's computer. 

==Notable features==
Source Mage is a source-based [[Linux distribution]]. This means that instead of delivering ready-to-use binaries to users, the source code is compiled locally on the users computer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sourcemage.org/Intro|title=New to Source Mage|website=sourcemage.org}}</ref>  This practice enables greater control over the software compared to systems that distribute binaries, such as [[Ubuntu]]. Individual dependencies can be selected or deselected, potentially saving hard drive space and freeing [[Random-access memory|RAM]] and CPU cycles, which can improve overall system performance. For instance, a tool such as [[OpenSSH]] could be compiled without support for [[X Window System|X11]] sharing.  One can choose to set [[CFLAGS|cflags]], cxxflags, and ldflags specific to the capabilities of their system, which allows the user to generate more efficient binaries for their own hardware. 

Source Mage's terminology also vastly differs compared to more common Linux distributions such as [[Debian]]. Much of this unique nomenclature is primarily based on magic-centric vocabulary. For example, When a Source Mage "spell", or package, is "cast", the latest stable release is downloaded from the developer's site rather than Source Mage's. This allows for a more up-to-date system, rather than [[Gentoo Linux|Gentoo]], another popular source-based distribution, which maintains its own customized cache of packages.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sourcemage.org/Comparison%20with%20Gentoo|title=Comparison with Gentoo|website=sourcemage.org}}</ref> Source Mage changes as little as possible in packages (only to fit to bare standards such as the [[Filesystem Hierarchy Standard]]), which can reduce risk of errors during source compilation or bugs when using the compiled binary, lacking the potentially necessary patches that projects like Gentoo and [[Debian]] apply.

Similarly, a collection of packages or "spells" is referred to as a "grimoire", and all "spells" together is referred to as the "codex".

==History==
{{tone|section|date=June 2011}}
{{original research|section|date=June 2011}}

In 2001, Kyle Sallee released a Linux distribution named Sorcerer GNU/Linux. Due to several issues, in 2002, Chuck S. Mead forked Sorcerer into Lunar Linux. Soon afterwards, Kyle Sallee took Sorcerer GNU/Linux offline. The remaining Sorcerer GNU/Linux development team brought it back online and continued development. A month later, Kyle Sallee brought his version of Sorcerer back online with a new license that prevented forking, dropping GNU/Linux from the name. Consequently, at the request of Sallee, the Sorcerer GNU/Linux team renamed their project Source Mage.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sourcemage.org/History|title=Our History|website=sourcemage.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/145233/|title=Distributions - News and Editorials - About Source Mage|date=August 3, 2005|website=lwn.net}}</ref>

==Compiling==
Source Mage's tagline is "Linux so advanced, it may as well be magic" (a reference to [[Clarke's three laws|Clarke's third law]]),<ref name="sorcery">[http://sourcemage.org/Intro official website]</ref> and its commands have a "sorcerous theme". The instructions to each [[Package manager|package]] is called a "spell", and its package management program is called "sorcery".<ref name="sorcery" />  To install a package the user must "cast" that spell. Casting a spell consists of downloading the source code (if it is not already downloaded), checking for dependencies, casting them if necessary, compiling the program, and installing it. A set of available spells is called a "[[grimoire]]".  To uninstall a package the user must "dispel" the spell.

==Social contract==
Source Mage has established a [[distribution commitments|distribution commitment]]. ''Source Mage Social Contract'' establishes its basic rules, which are similar though not identical to [[Debian Social Contract|Debian]]'s. The first part of the contract ensures the freedom of Source Mage: {{blockquote|We promise to keep the Source Mage GNU/Linux Distribution entirely free (as in freedom). This means that all software we release will be licensed under the GNU General Public License as defined by the Free Software Foundation (fsf.org). All of our documentation will be released under the GNU Free Documentation License.<ref name="soccon">[http://sourcemage.org/Social%20Contract Social Contract - official website]</ref>}}
Source Mage does not restrict the user's choice of software to only free software: {{blockquote|We acknowledge that some of our users require the use of programs that don't conform to the strict SMGL Licensing Guidelines. While SMGL will never rely on non-free software, we do not limit a user's choice of software. We will provide the tools for a user to make their own informed decisions, via each spell's "LICENSE" field, and the sorcery spell filter. Thus, although non-free software isn't a part of Source Mage, we support its use, and we provide infrastructure (such as our bug-tracking system and mailing lists, as well as spells) for non-free software packages.<ref name="soccon" />}}

==Installation==
Installing Source Mage involves first creating a minimal installation with a kernel (so it can run), the [[GNU Compiler Collection|GCC]] C compiler, a network connection, and a few other basic tools to support downloading and compiling source code.<ref>[http://sourcemage.org/Install Install Source Mage - official website]</ref>  This enables the system to download, compile, and install all the other components, and the compilation results can be tailored for that specific system.

==Portability==
All Source Mage-maintained code is designed to presume a minimal system, and the base system doesn't explicitly require a C++ compiler (Only GCC 4.x+ does, but can be replaced).

Besides [[POSIX]]-compliant tools, core components require only [[Bash (Unix shell)|bash]],<ref name="sorcery" /> [[sed]] and [[AWK#Versions and implementations|either gawk or mawk]], instead of more heavyweight languages like [[Perl]] or [[Python (programming language)|Python]]. This makes Source Mage suitable for a small installation.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}
* {{Official website|https://www.sourcemage.org}}
* {{DistroWatch|sourcemage|NAME=Source Mage}}
* {{cite web
| url       = https://lwn.net/Articles/145233/
| title     = About Source Mage
| publisher = [[LWN.net|Linux Weekly News]]
| date      = 2005-08-02
}}
{{Linux-distro}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Source Mage Gnu Linux}}
[[Category:Source-based Linux distributions]]
[[Category:Linux distributions without systemd]]
[[Category:Linux distributions]]