View source for Sopron

{{short description|Place in Western Transdanubia, Hungary}}
{{About|the city|the historical county in the Kingdom of Hungary named Sopron / Ödenburg|Sopron (county)}}
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox settlement-->
| name                            = Sopron
| other_name                      = Ödenburg
| official_name                   = {{lang|hu|Sopron Megyei Jogú Város}}
| image_skyline                   = {{nowrap|[[File:Storno-ház Tűztorony és Városháza.jpg|250px]]<br/>[[File:Várostorony (4779. számú műemlék) 5.jpg|83px]][[File:Ikvahidsopron.JPG|83px]][[File:Kolostor u 13 Sopron.JPG|83px]]<br/>[[File:Ratz Laszlo szulohaz.jpg|125px]][[File:Sopron - Hungary (5129642545).jpg|125px]]}}
| image_caption                   = 
| image_shield                    = Coa Hungary Town Sopron.svg
| image_flag                      = HUN Sopron Flag.svg
| nickname                        = ''Civitas Fidelissima'' (Most Loyal City/Citizenry)
| timezone                        = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset                      = +1
| timezone_DST                    = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = +2
| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                     = [[Dr. Farkas Ciprián]] ([[Fidesz]]-[[KDNP]])
| leader_title1                   = [[Deputy Mayor]]
| leader_name1                    = Dr. István Simon ([[Fidesz]]-[[KDNP]])
| leader_title2                   = [[Town Notary]]
| leader_name2                    = Dr. Szabolcs Sárvári
| map_caption                     = Location of Sopron
| native_name                     = 
| pushpin_map                     = Hungary Győr-Moson-Sopron#Hungary
| pushpin_relief                  = 1
| pushpin_label_position          = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location of Sopron
| pushpin_mapsize                 = 270
| image_map                       = |<!--<div style="position: relative">[[File:GyMSMegye.png|275px]]<div style="position: absolute; left: 21px; top: 55px">[[File:Red_Dot.gif]]</div> </div>-->
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = {{HUN}}
| subdivision_type1               = [[List of regions of Hungary|Region]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Western Transdanubia]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Counties of Hungary|County]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Győr-Moson-Sopron County|Győr-Moson-Sopron]]
| subdivision_type3               = [[Districts of Hungary|District]]
| subdivision_name3               = [[Sopron District|Sopron]]
| established_title1              = Established
| established_date1               = 2nd century AD (Scarbantia)
| established_title2              = Re-Established
| established_date2               = 9th century AD (Sopron)
| established_title3              = [[Royal free city|City status]]
| established_date3               = 1277
| area_total_km2                  = 169.04
| population_total                = 62,116<ref name="KSH Sopron">{{Cite web |last= |title=Sopron |url=https://www.ksh.hu/apps/hntr.telepules?p_lang=EN&p_id=08518 |website=Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH)}}</ref>
| population_rank                 = [[List of cities and towns in Hungary|15th]]
| population_footnotes            = 
| population_as_of                = 2022
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_demonym              = soproni
| population_urban                = 98,479 (13th)<ref>[http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en Eurostat, 2016]</ref>
<!-- demographics (section 1) -->| demographics_type1              = [[Demographics of Hungary|Population by ethnicity]] (2011)
| demographics1_footnotes         = <ref name="KSH - Sopron, 2011">[http://www.ksh.hu/apps/hntr.telepules?p_lang=EN&p_id=08518 KSH - Sopron, 2011]</ref>
| demographics1_title1            = [[Hungarians]]
| demographics1_info1             = 88.%
| demographics1_title2            = [[Hungarian Germans|Germans]]
| demographics1_info2             = 5.7%
| demographics1_title3            = [[Croats in Hungary|Croats]]
| demographics1_info3             = 0.7%
| demographics1_title4            = [[Romani people in Hungary|Romani]]
| demographics1_info4             = 0.6%
| demographics1_title5            = [[Romanians in Hungary|Romanians]]
| demographics1_info5             = 0.2%
| demographics1_title6            = [[Slovaks in Hungary|Slovaks]]
| demographics1_info6             = 0.1%
| demographics1_title7            = [[Serbs in Hungary|Serbs]]
| demographics1_info7             = 0.1%
| demographics1_title8            = [[Bulgarians in Hungary|Bulgarians]]
| demographics1_info8             = 0.1%
| demographics1_title9            = Others
| demographics1_info9             = 0.9%
<!-- demographics (section 2) -->| demographics_type2              = [[Demographics of Hungary|Population by religion]] (2011)
| demographics2_footnotes         = <ref name="KSH - Sopron, 2011">[http://www.ksh.hu/apps/hntr.telepules?p_lang=EN&p_id=08518 KSH - Sopron, 2011]</ref>
| demographics2_title1            = [[Catholic Church in Hungary|Roman Catholic]]
| demographics2_info1             = 47.9%
| demographics2_title2            = [[Hungarian Greek Catholic Church|Greek Catholic]]
| demographics2_info2             = 1.6%
| demographics2_title3            = [[Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Hungary|Evangelicals]]
| demographics2_info3             = 5.6%
| demographics2_title4            = [[Reformed Church in Hungary|Calvinists]]
| demographics2_info4             = 3%
| demographics2_title5            = [[Jewish]]
| demographics2_info5             = 1%
| demographics2_title6            = [[Non-religious]]
| demographics2_info6             = 5%
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal codes in Hungary|Postal code]]
| postal_code                     = 9400
| area_code_type                  = [[Telephone numbers in Hungary|Area code]]
| area_code                       = (+36) 99
| website                         = {{URL|http://www.sopron.hu/}}
| coordinates                     = {{coord|47.68489|16.58305|region:HU|display=inline,title}}
| blank_name                      = Motorways
| blank_info                      = [[M85 motorway (Hungary)|M85 Motorway]] 
| blank2_name                     = Distance from Budapest
| blank2_info                     = {{convert|214|km|abbr=on}} West
| blank1_name_sec1                = [[NUTS statistical regions of Hungary|NUTS 3 code]]
| blank1_info_sec1                = HU221
| blank3_name_sec2                = [[List of members of the National Assembly of Hungary (2018–22)|MP]]
| blank3_info_sec2                = [[Attila Barcza]] ([[Fidesz]])
| anthem                          =
}}

'''Sopron''' ({{IPA|hu|ˈʃopron}}; {{langx|de|Ödenburg}}, {{IPA|de|ˈøːdn̩ˌbʊʁk|-|De-Ödenburg.ogg}}) is a [[city]] in [[Hungary]] on the [[Austria]]n border, near [[Lake Neusiedl|Lake Neusiedl/Lake Fertő]].

==History==

=== Ancient times-13th century ===
[[File:1867 Sopron 5kr Oedenburg.jpg|thumb|100px|left|Bilingual names in the Kingdom of Hungary after 1867]]
In the Iron Age a hilltop settlement with a burial ground existed in the neighbourhood of Sopron-Várhely.<ref>Patek, Erzsébet (1982). "Neue Untersuchungen auf dem Burgstall bei Sopron" [New investigations on the "Burgstall" near Sopron]. ''Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission'' '''63''', 1982, pp. 105–177.</ref>

When the area that is today Western Hungary was a province of the [[Roman Empire]], a city called ''Scarbantia'' stood here. The site of its [[Forum (Roman)|forum]] is now the main square of Sopron.

During the [[Migration Period]], Scarbantia was believed to be deserted. When [[Hungarian people|Hungarians]] arrived in the area, the city was in ruins. From the 9th to the 11th centuries, Hungarians strengthened the old Roman city walls and built a castle. The city was named in Hungarian after a castle steward named ''Suprun''. In 1153, it was mentioned as an important city.

In 1273, King [[Otakar II of Bohemia]] occupied the castle. Even though he took the children of Sopron's nobility with him as hostages, the city opened its gates when the armies of [[King]] [[Ladislaus IV of Hungary]] arrived. [[Ladislaus]] rewarded Sopron by elevating it to the rank of [[free royal town]].

===16th-19th centuries===
During the [[Ottoman wars in Europe|Ottoman occupation]] of [[Hungary]], the [[Ottoman Turks]] ravaged the city in [[1529]], but did not occupy it. Many Hungarians fled from the occupied areas to Sopron, and the city's importance grew.

While the Ottomans occupied most of Central Europe, the region north of Lake Balaton remained in the [[Kingdom of Hungary (1538–1867)]] (captaincy between Balaton and Drava).

In 1676, Sopron was destroyed by a fire. The modern city was born over the next few decades, when [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] buildings were built to replace the destroyed medieval ones. Sopron became the seat of the [[Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)|comitatus]] [[Sopron (county)|Sopron]].

The town was the seat of the ''Ödenburg'' comitat near 1850.<ref>Dictionnaire universel de M.N. BOUILLET, Paris, 1852 (in French).</ref> After the [[compromise of 1867]] and until 1918, the city (known with the dual bilingual name of 
''Sopron - Ödenburg'')<ref>Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850-1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961.</ref> was part of the Habsburg-ruled [[Kingdom of Hungary]].

===20th century to present===
[[File:Sopron plebiscite on 14 December 1921.webm|thumb|300px|[[Sopron plebiscite]], French and Italian officers arrive to control the voting districts on 14 December 1921.]]
[[File:Sopron Tuztorony.jpg|thumb|right|A [[Fire lookout tower|fire tower]] built in the 12th century.]]

Following the breakup of the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]], ethnic Germans inhabited parts of four western Hungarian counties: [[Pozsony County|Pozsony]] (Pressburg in German; [[Bratislava]] in Czech/Slovak), [[Vas County (former)|Vas]] (Eisenburg), [[Sopron County|Sopron]] (Ödenburg) and [[Moson County|Moson]] (Wieselburg). The German-inhabited parts of those counties were initially awarded to Austria in the [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)]]. After local unrest and Italian diplomatic mediation in the [[Venice Protocol]],<ref>{{Citation|last=Beigbeder|first=Yves|title=International Monitoring of Plebiscites, Referenda and National Elections|publisher= Springer Publishing |year=1994|page=81}}</ref> Sopron's status as part of Hungary (along with that of the surrounding eight villages) was decided by a controversial, [[1921 Sopron plebiscite|local plebiscite]] held on 14 December 1921, with 65% voting for Hungary. Since then Sopron has been called ''Civitas Fidelissima'' ("The Most Loyal City", {{langx|hu|A Leghűségesebb Város}}), and the anniversary of the plebiscite is a city holiday. However, the western parts of Vas, Sopron and Moson counties joined Austria and now form the Austrian federal state of [[Burgenland]], and Pressburg/Pozsony was awarded to [[Czechoslovakia]].

Sopron suffered greatly during [[World War II]] and was bombed several times. The Soviet [[Red Army]] captured the city on 1 April 1945.

The city of Sopron and the village of [[Sopronbánfalva]] began to stretch towards each other at the beginning of the 20th century, they unified in 1950 and since the areas have merged.<ref name="Sagi">{{cite journal |last=Éva |first=Sági |year=2013 |title=Sopron peremkerületeinek változása néhány példán keresztül |trans-title=Changes in the Peripheral Districts of Sopron Through Some Examples |url=http://publicatio.uni-sopron.hu/1527/ |journal=Soproni Szemle – A Soproni Városszépítő Egyesület helytörténeti folyóirata (The local history magazine of the Sopron City Beautification Association) |language=hu |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=163–175}}</ref><ref name="KSH Sopron" /> Sopron and the village of [[Balf, Hungary|Balf]] unified in 1985.<ref name="KSH Sopron" />

On 19 August 1989 Sopron was the site of the [[Pan-European Picnic]], a protest on the border between Austria and Hungary, which was used by over 600 citizens of [[East Germany]] to escape to the West. As the first successful crossing of the border, it helped pave the way for the mass flight of East German citizens that led to the fall of the [[Berlin Wall]] on 9 November 1989.

During the [[Socialism|Socialist]] era, the government tried to turn Sopron into an industrial city, but much of the medieval town center remains, allowing the city to remain an attractive site for tourists.

Today, Sopron's economy immensely benefits from the [[European Union]]. Having been a city close to nowhere, that is, to the [[Iron Curtain]], Sopron now has re-established full trade relations to nearby Austria. Furthermore, after being suppressed during the [[Cold War]], Sopron's German-speaking culture and heritage are now recognized again. As a consequence, many of the city's street-and traffic-signs are written in both Hungarian and German making it an officially bilingual city due to its proximity to the Austrian frontier. Visitors admire the large number of buildings in this city that reflect [[medieval architecture]]—rare in war-torn Hungary. Situated close to the Austrian border, Sopron receives many visitors from Vienna ({{convert|70|km|0|abbr=off}} away), and from Bratislava, Slovakia ({{convert|77|km|0|abbr=on}} away), as well as from the United States, Great Britain, The Netherlands, Japan, and Scandinavia, who visit to take advantage of the excellent low-cost dental services offered: Sopron boasts so many dental clinics—more than 300—that the city is known as the "dental capital of the world."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tripso.com/columns/sopron-hungarian-cap-city/|title=Sopron Hungarian cap city|last=Surmacz|first=Jon|website=www.ripso.com|access-date=2009-06-19|archive-date=2016-01-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126163830/http://www.tripso.com/columns/sopron-hungarian-cap-city/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Mary |last=Beth |title=The inciDENTAL tourist|work=[[USA Today]]|url=https://www.usatoday.com/travel/news/2005-07-28-dental-tourism_x.htm}}</ref>

==Wine production==

Sopron is a significant [[wine]] producing region, one of the few in Hungary to make both [[red wine|red]] and [[white wine]]s. Grapes include [[Kékfrankos]] for red wine and [[Traminer]] ([[Gewürztraminer]]) for white wine. In climate it is similar to the neighbouring Burgenland wine region in Austria, and several winemakers make wine in both countries. Blue Frankish (= Kékfrankos, Blaufränkisch), Traminer, and Green Veltliner (= Zöld Veltelini, Grüner Veltliner) are well-known Sopron wines. Sopron's Blue Frankish and Pinot Noir wines are particularly prized.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.winetime.hu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=52&Itemid=72&lang=en|title=Wine Regions Sopron|website=www.winetime.hu|access-date=2009-06-19|archive-date=2016-04-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410110814/http://www.winetime.hu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=52&Itemid=72&lang=en|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The group of ethnic German wine growers in the Sopron area in the Habsburg Monarchy were the so-called [[Ponzichter]].

==Demographics==
[[File:Sopron-légifotó52.jpg|thumb|The Main Square, [[Town Hall (Sopron)|Town Hall]] and the [[Firewatch Tower, Sopron|Firewatch Tower]]]]
{{Historical populations
|type =
|footnote =
|align = right
|shading = off
|1870|23102
|1880|25513
|1890|29788
|1900|35703
|1910|36721
|1920|38243
|1930|39436
|1941|46120
|1949|35617
|1960|41110
|1970|47111
|1980|53945
|1990|55083
|2001|56175
|2011|60548
|2022|60090
}}

In 1910, Sopron had 33,931 inhabitants (51% [[Danube Swabians|German]], 44.3% [[Magyars|Hungarian]], 4.7% other). Religions: 64.1% [[Catholic]], 27.8% [[Lutheran]], 6.6% [[Jewish]], 1.2% [[Calvinist]], 0.3% other.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.talmamedia.com/php/district/district.php?county=Sopron |title=1910 census (English) |access-date=2008-08-27 |archive-date=2008-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329022138/http://www.talmamedia.com/php/district/district.php?county=Sopron |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2001, the city had 56,125 inhabitants (92.8% Hungarian, 3.5% German, 3.7% other).<ref>[http://www.nepszamlalas2001.hu/hun/kotetek/06/08/data/tabhun/4/load01_11_0.html 2001 census - Nationalities {{in lang|hu}}]</ref> Religions: 69% Catholic, 7% Lutheran, 3% Calvinist, 8.1% [[Atheist]], 11.9% no answer, 1% other.<ref>[http://www.nepszamlalas2001.hu/hun/kotetek/06/08/data/tabhun/4/load01_10_0.html 2001 census - Religions {{in lang|hu}}]</ref><ref>[http://www.nepszamlalas2001.hu/hun/kotetek/06/08/data/tabhun/4/load01_1_0.html Historical population of Győr-Moson-Sopron (Hungarian Central Statistical Office)] {{in lang|hu}}</ref>

==Architecture==

The architecture of the old section of town reflects its long history; walls and foundations from the [[Roman Empire]] are still common, together with a wealth of [[Medieval]], [[Renaissance]], and Baroque structures, often artistically decorated, showing centuries of stability and prosperity.

There is an old [[synagogue]] and other remains from the town's former [[Jew]]ish community, which was expelled in the 16th century.

On Daloshegy, there is a 165-metre-tall FM-/TV-broadcasting tower, nicknamed "Rakéta" (Hungarian for rocket).

==Places of interest==

* City centre
* Firewatch Tower
* Walls with Roman origin
* Széchenyi Square and Flag of Loyalty
* Kecske Church
* Esterházy Palace (baroque)
* Eggenberg House
* City Hall (eclectic, 1895)
* Storno House (renaissance)
* Fabricius House
* "Two Moors" House (18th century baroque)
* Chemist's Museum (15th–16th century. The house was pronounced the first national monument in Hungary by Louis II of Hungary in 1525.)
* Lábasház (16th–17th century)
* Gambrinus House (Old city hall)
* Taródi Castle (István Taródi built the castle by himself. He started the building operations in 1945, when he was 20.)

==Amusement==

* Cartoon Forum (From Tuesday 14 to Friday 17 September 2010)
* Spring Festival of Sopron (Soproni Tavaszi Fesztivál)
* Festal Weeks of Sopron (Soproni Ünnepi Hetek)
* Civitas Pinceszínház (Civitas Basement Theater)
* Liszt Ferenc Művelődési Központ (Franz Liszt Conference and Cultural Centre )

== Politics ==
The current mayor of Sopron is [[Ciprián Farkas]] (''Fidesz-KDNP'').

The local Municipal Assembly, elected at the [[2019 Hungarian local elections|2019 local government elections]], is made up of 18 members (1 Mayor, 12 Individual constituencies MEPs and 5 Compensation List MEPs) divided into this political parties and alliances:<ref>{{cite web|title=Városi közgyűlés tagjai 2019-2024 - Sopron (Győr-Moson-Sopron megye)|url=https://www.valasztas.hu/telepules-adatlap_onk2019?_onknavigacio_WAR_nvinvrportlet_formDate=32503680000000&p_p_id=onknavigacio_WAR_nvinvrportlet&p_p_lifecycle=1&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-2&p_p_col_pos=1&p_p_col_count=3&_onknavigacio_WAR_nvinvrportlet_prpVlId=294&_onknavigacio_WAR_nvinvrportlet_prpVltId=687&_onknavigacio_WAR_nvinvrportlet_prpMegyeKod=08&_onknavigacio_WAR_nvinvrportlet_prpTelepulesKod=150&_onknavigacio_WAR_nvinvrportlet_settlement=sopro|agency=valasztas.hu|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="2" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="13" | Current Municipal Assembly
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}}  | &nbsp;
|[[Fidesz]]-[[Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)|KDNP]]
| style="text-align: right" | '''13'''
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} |<span style="color:white;">'''M'''</span>
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: {{party color|Fidesz}} | &nbsp;
|-
| style="background-color: #2D68C4  | &nbsp;
| Opposition coalition{{efn|name=opposition|Coalition of [[Momentum Movement|Momentum]]-[[Jobbik]]-[[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]-[[Democratic Coalition (Hungary)|DK]]-[[Politics Can Be Different|LMP]]-[[Mindenki Magyarországa Movement|Mindenki Magyarországa]].}}
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
|style="background-color: #2D68C4 | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: #2D68C4 | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: #2D68C4 | &nbsp;
|style="background-color: #2D68C4 | &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Dialogue for Hungary}}"  | &nbsp;
| [[Dialogue for Hungary|Dialogue]]
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
|style="background-color: {{party color|Dialogue for Hungary}} | &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
|}

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center" widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4">
File:Goat Church and Holy Trinity Column, Sopron.jpg|Goat Church and Holy Trinity Column
File:Saint Michael's Church, Sopron.jpg|Saint Michael's Church
File:Sopron Megyeháza.jpg|County Hall of [[Győr-Moson-Sopron County]]
File:Sopron 86 Stadtturm.JPG|Fire Tower
File:Sopron 156 Városháza.jpg|Town Hall
File:Sopron Petőfi Színház főhomlokzat.jpg|Petőfi Theater

File:Eszterhazypalota.JPG|Esterházy Palace in the Temple Street
File:Lábasházsopron.JPG|Orsolya Square and the Mary Fountain
File:SopronneugasseNr4.JPG|New Street
File:Új utca 16 Sopron.jpg|Gothic house in the New Street

File:Előkapu3sopron.JPG|Előkapu Square
File:Kolostor u 13 Sopron.JPG|House, Kolostor Street 13.
File:Ikvahidsopron.JPG|Ikva Bridge
File:István Széchenyi statue in Sopron z01.jpg|Statue of [[István Széchenyi]]
File:Sopron.Grabenrunde.zweisprachiges.Strassenschild.jpg|Bilingual ([[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]/[[German language|German]]) road signs in Sopron.
File:Ortstafel Ödenburg.jpg|Bilingual sign
</gallery>

==Sports==
The women's basketball team [[Sopron Basket]] is one of the most successful Hungarian basketball team in history, with 15 [[Nemzeti Bajnokság I/A (women's basketball)|National titles]] and success in Europe, in [[2021–22 EuroLeague Women|2022]] they won [[EuroLeague Women|EuroLeague]]. [[MFC Sopron]] was a [[football (soccer)|football]] team based in Sopron. The successor of the club is [[Soproni VSE]].
==Transport==
Sopron's nearest airport is [[Vienna Airport]], located {{convert|74|km|0|abbr=on}} north of the city.

==Notable residents==
{{Category see also|People from Burgenland}}
{{div col}}
* [[Rogerius of Apulia]] (1205-1266), medieval chronicler
* [[Anna Maria von Eggenberg, née Brandenburg-Bayreuth]] (1609-1680), Margravine of [[Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth|Brandenburg-Bayreuth]] and Princess of [[House of Eggenberg|Eggenberg]] 
* [[Dániel Berzsenyi]] (1776-1836), poet
* [[Ludwig von Benedek]] (1804-1881), Austrian general
* [[Franz Liszt]] (1811-1886), composer
* [[Franz von Suppé]] (1819-1895), composer
* [[Julius Lenck]] (1845 - 1901), Hungarian-German brewer, wholesaler and the founder of the [[Heineken Hungária|Sopron Brewery (Soproni Sörgyár)]].
* [[Gyula Fényi]] (1845-1927), astronomer
* [[László Rátz]] (1863-1930), mathematics teacher
* [[Kálmán Kánya]] (1869-1945), politician, diplomat, Foreign Minister
* [[Franz Lehár]] (1870-1948), composer
* [[Béla Bartók]] (1881-1945), composer
* [[Charles I of Austria]] (1887-1922), last king of Hungary
* [[Georg Trakl]] (1887-1914), poet
* [[Mátyás Rákosi]] (1892-1971), politician, communist leader
* [[David-Zvi Pinkas]] (1895-1952), signatory of the [[Declaration of Independence (Israel)|Israeli declaration of independence]]
* [[Margaret Mahler]] (1897-1985), psychoanalyst
* [[Sandor Gallus]] (1907-1996), archaeologist
* {{ill|Géza Ankerl|hu|Ankerl Géza}} (born 1933), Professor of MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), sociologist
* [[Alexander Gallus]] (born 1940), medical researcher
* [[József Szájer]] (born 1961), politician
* [[István Hiller]] (born 1964), politician, Minister of Culture
* [[Mihály Tóth II|Mihály Tóth]] (born 1974), football player
* [[Vilmos Radasics]] (born 1983), BMX rider
* [[Tímea Babos]] (born 1993), tennis player
* [[Botond Balogh]] (born 2002), football player<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fifadata.com/documents/FU17WC/2019/pdf/FU17WC_2019_Squadlists.pdf |title=FIFA U-17 World Cup Brazil 2019: List of Players: Hungary |publisher=FIFA |page=11 |date=31 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227222540/https://www.fifadata.com/documents/FU17WC/2019/pdf/FU17WC_2019_Squadlists.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2019}}</ref>
* [[Balogh de Mankó Bük]], Hungarian nobility
* [[József Rokop]], freedom fighter
* [[Terezia Mora]], writer
{{div col end}}

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary}}
Sopron is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Testvérvárosaink|url=http://www.sopron.hu/Sopron/portal/autonomy_show?contentId=49038|website=sopron.hu|publisher=Sopron|language=hu|access-date=2020-11-10}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Bad Wimpfen]], Germany
*{{flagicon|SVK}} [[Banská Štiavnica]], Slovakia
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Bolzano]], Italy
*{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Eilat]], Israel
*{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Eisenstadt]], Austria
*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Kazuno, Akita|Kazuno]], Japan
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Kempten]], Germany
*{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Mediaș]], Romania
*{{flagicon|SUI}} [[Rorschach, Switzerland|Rorschach]], Switzerland
*{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Seinäjoki]], Finland
*{{flagicon|GRC}} [[Sparta, Laconia|Sparta]], Greece
{{div col end}}

==See also==
* [[Daughters of the Divine Redeemer]]
* [[Jewish history of Sopron]]
* [[Lake Neusiedl]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

;Notes
{{notelist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Sopron}}
{{Wikivoyage|Sopron}}
* {{Official website|http://www.sopron.hu/}} in Hungarian, English and German
* [http://www.uniwest.hu/ University of West Hungary (University of Sopron)] {{in lang|en|hu}} 
* [http://index.sopron.hu/ ImageTownsIndex - Virtual Tour of Sopron] {{in lang|hu}} 
* [https://www.civertan.hu/legifoto/legifoto.php?page_level=655 Aerial photography: Sopron]
* [https://www.szallodak.hu/sopron Accommodation in Sopron]
*{{in lang|en}} [https://en.funiq.hu/sopron Sopron at funiq.hu]
*https://templom14.hu  (in Hungarian) Templom street 14.

{{Sopron District}}
{{Győr-Moson-Sopron}}
{{Principal cities of Hungary}}
{{Cities with county rights (Hungary)}}
{{Hungary's most flowery settlements}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Sopron| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Győr-Moson-Sopron County]]
[[Category:Cities with county rights of Hungary]]
[[Category:Siebengemeinden]]
[[Category:Hungarian German communities]]
[[Category:Wine regions of Hungary]]
[[Category:Austria–Hungary border crossings]]
[[Category:Roman settlements in Hungary]]
[[Category:Pannonia Superior]]