View source for Solar eclipse of September 14, 2099

{{Short description|Total eclipse}}
{{Infobox solar eclipse|2099Sep14
| previous         = Solar eclipse of March 21, 2099
| next             = Solar eclipse of March 10, 2100
}}
A total [[solar eclipse]] will occur at the Moon's [[Lunar node|descending node]] of orbit on Monday, September 14, 2099,<ref>{{cite web|title=September 14, 2099 Total Solar Eclipse|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/solar/2099-september-14|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=25 August 2024}}</ref> with a [[Magnitude of eclipse|magnitude]] of 1.0684. A [[solar eclipse]] occurs when the [[Moon]] passes between [[Earth]] and the [[Sun]], thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's [[apparent diameter]] is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 5 hours before [[Apsis|perigee]] (on September 15, 2099, at 12:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.<ref>{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=2099&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=25 August 2024}}</ref>

== Locations experiencing totality ==

The eclipse will begin at sunrise off the western coast of [[Canada]], and move eastern across [[Canada]] ([[British Columbia]], [[Alberta]], and [[Saskatchewan]]) and the northern states of the [[United States]] ([[Montana]], [[North Dakota]], [[South Dakota]], [[Minnesota]], [[Wisconsin]], [[Illinois]], [[Indiana]], [[Michigan]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[West Virginia]], [[Maryland]], [[Virginia]] and [[North Carolina]]). The eclipse will end in the [[Atlantic Ocean]], with partial visibility in parts of [[Central America]], the [[Caribbean]], northern [[South America]], the [[Iberian Peninsula]], [[West Africa]] and throughout the entirety of [[North America|North]].

The path of totality will pass through the cities of [[Madison, Wisconsin]], and [[Grand Rapids, Michigan]]. The last time totality was visible over these two locations was respectively May 16, 1379,<ref>[http://webpages.charter.net/darksky25/Astronomy/Articles/WIEclipses.html Madison's Eclipse Drought] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924065818/http://webpages.charter.net/darksky25/Astronomy/Articles/WIEclipses.html |date=2017-09-24 }} by John Rummel</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1379-05-16.gif |url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1301-1400/1379-05-16.gif |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119133825/https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1301-1400/1379-05-16.gif |archive-date=19 November 2021 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=nasa.gov |format=GIF}}</ref> and April 18, 1558.<ref>[http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/JSEX/JSEX-NA.html JavaScript Solar Eclipse Explorer] by NASA</ref>

=== British Columbia ===
* [[Williams Lake, British Columbia|Williams Lake]]

=== Alberta ===
* [[Calgary, Alberta|Calgary]]
* [[Medicine Hat, Alberta|Medicine Hat]]

=== Saskatchewan ===
* [[Swift Current, Saskatchewan|Swift Current]]

=== Montana ===
* [[Plentywood, Montana|Plentywood]]

=== North Dakota ===
* [[Williston, North Dakota|Williston]]
* [[Minot, North Dakota|Minot]]
* [[Fargo, North Dakota|Fargo]]
* [[Grand Forks, North Dakota|Grand Forks]]

=== Minnesota ===
* [[Saint Cloud, Minnesota|Saint Cloud]]
* [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]]
* [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]]

=== Wisconsin ===
* [[Eau Claire, Wisconsin|Eau Claire]]
* [[Wausau, Wisconsin|Wausau]]
* [[La Crosse, Wisconsin|La Crosse]]
* [[Oshkosh, Wisconsin|Oshkosh]]
* [[Sheboygan, Wisconsin|Sheboygan]]
* [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]]
* [[Janesville, Wisconsin|Janesville]]
* [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]]
* [[Kenosha, Wisconsin|Kenosha]]

=== Illinois ===
* [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]
* [[Waukegan, Illinois|Waukegan]]
* [[Evanston, Illinois|Evanston]]

=== Michigan ===
* [[Grand Rapids, Michigan|Grand Rapids]]
* [[Lansing, Michigan|Lansing]]
* [[Kalamazoo, Michigan|Kalamazoo]]
* [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]]

=== Indiana ===
* [[South Bend, Indiana|South Bend]]
* [[Fort Wayne, Indiana|Fort Wayne]]

=== Ohio ===
* [[Toledo, Ohio|Toledo]]
* [[Lima, Ohio|Lima]]
* [[Sandusky, Ohio|Sandusky]]
* [[Mansfield, Ohio|Mansfield]]
* [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]]
* [[Canton, Ohio|Canton]]
* [[Zanesville, Ohio|Zanesville]]

=== Pennsylvania ===

* [[Waynesburg, Pennsylvania|Waynesburg]]

=== West Virginia ===
* [[Parkersburg, West Virginia|Parkersburg]]
* [[Wheeling, West Virginia|Wheeling]]
* [[Clarksburg, West Virginia|Clarksburg]]
* [[Morgantown, West Virginia|Morgantown]]
* [[Martinsburg, West Virginia|Martinsburg]]

=== Virginia ===
* [[Staunton, Virginia|Staunton]]
* [[Harrisonburg, Virginia|Harrisonburg]]
* [[Charlottesville, Virginia|Charlottesville]]
* [[Lynchburg, Virginia|Lynchburg]]
* [[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]]
* [[Newport News, Virginia|Newport News]]
* [[Norfolk, Virginia|Norfolk]]
* [[Virginia Beach, Virginia|Virginia Beach]]

=== North Carolina ===
* [[Elizabeth City, North Carolina|Elizabeth City]]
* [[Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina|Kill Devil Hills]]
* [[Kitty Hawk, North Carolina|Kitty Hawk]]
* [[Swan Quarter, North Carolina|Swan Quarter]]
* [[Washington, North Carolina|Washington]]

Although this solar eclipse does pass over a few large cities such as Minneapolis and Virginia Beach, it fails to offer totality in several major cities nearby, including most of [[Chicago]] and all of [[Washington D.C.]], [[Detroit]], [[Cincinnati]] and [[Cleveland]].<ref>[https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/map/2099-september-14 Eclipse Path of Total Solar Eclipse on September 14, 2099<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Moreover, in Canada, the cities of [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan|Moose Jaw]] and [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]] will be directly north of the path, but not in it.

== Eclipse details ==
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.<ref>{{cite web|title=Total Solar Eclipse of 2099 Sep 14|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/2001-2100/SE2099Sep14Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=25 August 2024}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|left|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+September 14, 2099 Solar Eclipse Times
! Event
! Time (UTC)
|-
| First Penumbral External Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 14:25:44.7 UTC
|-
| First Umbral External Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 15:22:08.5 UTC
|-
| First Central Line
| 2099 September 14 at 15:23:37.5 UTC
|-
| First Umbral Internal Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 15:25:06.8 UTC
|-
| First Penumbral Internal Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 16:32:45.5 UTC
|-
| Equatorial Conjunction
| 2099 September 14 at 16:35:31.9 UTC
|-
| Ecliptic Conjunction
| 2099 September 14 at 16:53:52.7 UTC
|-
| Greatest Duration
| 2099 September 14 at 16:56:49.2 UTC
|-
| Greatest Eclipse
| 2099 September 14 at 16:57:53.0 UTC
|-
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 17:23:30.3 UTC
|-
| Last Umbral Internal Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 18:30:52.9 UTC
|-
| Last Central Line
| 2099 September 14 at 18:32:22.2 UTC
|-
| Last Umbral External Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 18:33:51.3 UTC
|-
| Last Penumbral External Contact
| 2099 September 14 at 19:30:09.7 UTC
|}

{|class="wikitable" align="{{{align|right}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+September 14, 2099 Solar Eclipse Parameters
! Parameter
! Value
|-
| Eclipse Magnitude
| 1.06844
|-
| Eclipse Obscuration
| 1.14156
|-
| Gamma
| 0.39422
|-
| Sun Right Ascension
| 11h31m25.7s
|-
| Sun Declination
| +03°05'04.1"
|-
| Sun Semi-Diameter
| 15'53.8"
|-
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 08.7"
|-
| Moon Right Ascension
| 11h32m12.4s
|-
| Moon Declination
| +03°26'11.8"
|-
| Moon Semi-Diameter
| 16'43.1"
|-
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 1°01'21.6"
|-
| ΔT
| 123.3 s
|}
{{clear}}

== Eclipse season ==
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an [[eclipse season]], a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a [[fortnight]].

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of September 2099
! September 14<br/>Descending node (new moon)<br/> !! [[September 2099 lunar eclipse|September 29]]<br/>Ascending node (full moon)<br/>
|-
| [[File:SE2099Sep14T.png|200px]] || [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-2099Sep29.png|200px]]
|- align=center
| [[Total eclipse#Types|Total solar eclipse]]<br />Solar Saros 136 || [[Lunar eclipse#Types of lunar eclipse|Penumbral lunar eclipse]]<br />Lunar Saros 148
|}

== Related eclipses ==
=== Eclipses in 2099 ===
* [[Solar eclipse of March 21, 2099|An annular solar eclipse on March 21]].
* [[April 2099 lunar eclipse|A partial lunar eclipse on April 5]].
* '''A total solar eclipse on September 14'''.
* [[September 2099 lunar eclipse|A penumbral lunar eclipse on September 29]].

=== Metonic ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of November 27, 2095]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of July 4, 2103]]

=== Tzolkinex ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of August 3, 2092]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of October 26, 2106]]

=== Half-Saros ===
* Preceded by: [[September 2090 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of September 8, 2090]]
* Followed by: [[September 2108 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of September 20, 2108]]

=== Tritos ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of October 14, 2088]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of August 15, 2110]]

=== Solar Saros 136 ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of September 3, 2081]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of September 26, 2117]]

=== Inex ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of October 4, 2070]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of August 25, 2128]]

=== Triad ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of November 13, 2012]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of July 16, 2186]]

=== Solar eclipses of 2098–2101 ===
{{Solar eclipse set 2098–2101}}

=== Saros 136 ===
{{Solar_Saros_series_136}}

=== Metonic series ===
{{Solar Metonic series 2065–2152}}

=== Tritos series ===
{{Solar Tritos series 2001 June 21}}

=== Inex series ===
{{Solar Inex series 2012 November 13}}

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{Solar eclipse NASA reference|2051/SE2099Sep14T|20990914}}
* [http://www.hermit.org/eclipse/when_usa.html HermitEclipse: USA Eclipse Bonanza]

{{Solar eclipses}}

[[Category:Total solar eclipses|2099 09 14]]
[[Category:2099 in science]]
[[Category:21st-century solar eclipses|2099 09 14]]
[[Category:Future solar eclipses|2099 09 14]]