View source for Solar eclipse of April 8, 2005

{{Short description|Total eclipse}}
{{Infobox solar eclipse|2005Apr08
| previous         = Solar eclipse of October 14, 2004
| next             = Solar eclipse of October 3, 2005
}}
A total [[solar eclipse]] occurred at the Moon's [[Lunar node|ascending node]] of orbit  on Friday, April 8, 2005,<ref>{{cite web|title=April 8, 2005 Total Solar Eclipse|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/solar/2005-april-8|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=11 August 2024}}</ref> with a [[Magnitude of eclipse|magnitude]] of 1.0074. It was a hybrid event, a narrow total eclipse, and beginning and ending as an annular eclipse.<ref name="Pensacola News Journal 2005-04-08 p73" /> A [[solar eclipse]] occurs when the [[Moon]] passes between [[Earth]] and the [[Sun]], thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's [[apparent diameter]] is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 4.3 days after [[Apsis|perigee]] (on April 4, 2005, at 12:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.<ref>{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=2005&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=11 August 2024}}</ref>

It was visible within a narrow corridor in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. The path of the eclipse started south of [[New Zealand]] and crossed the Pacific Ocean in a diagonal path and ended in the extreme northwestern part of [[South America]]. The total solar eclipse was not visible on any land, but the annular solar eclipse was visible in the southern tip of [[Puntarenas Province]] of [[Costa Rica]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]] and [[Venezuela]].<ref name="hBSAh" /> A partial eclipse was visible for parts of [[New Zealand]], [[Oceania]], [[West Antarctica]], [[Mexico]], [[Central America]], the [[Caribbean]], and western [[South America]].

A partial eclipse was photographed from Nicaragua; in [[Bogota, Colombia|Bogota]], several hundred schoolchildren watched the eclipse despite cloud cover.<ref name="DailyT20050409p7" /><!-- Sat --> In [[Córdoba Department|Cordoba]], an expedition from Bogota's National University observed the eclipse.<ref name="DailyT20050409p7" />

In Panama, where the eclipse was visible (and nearly total) from nearly the entire country, it was reported that hundreds of people had booked hotels to view it, including astronomers from the United States, Mexico, France, Belgium, Denmark, Iran and Spain.<ref name="pan" /> While the totality of the eclipse occurred over the Pacific Ocean, it could be seen from some parts of the southern United States; it was reported that the southernmost parts of [[Florida]] had the best viewing conditions (with as much as 50% of the sun occluded),<ref name="Pensacola News Journal 2005-04-08 p73" /><!-- Fri --><ref name="The Miami Herald 2005-04-08 p134" /><!-- Fri --> although rainy conditions in part of the region meant the event was partially obscured.<ref name="DailyT20050409p7" />

== Observations ==
[[NASA]]'s [[Goddard Space Flight Center]] astrophysicist [[Fred Espenak]] and [[Williams College]] professor [[Jay Pasachoff]] boarded the cruise ship Galapagos Legend and observed the eclipse from the sea west of the [[Galápagos Islands]]. The ship first docked at several islands in the Galapagos Islands from April 1 to 3, and then started sailing westward toward the path of totality on April 4. It was cloudy at first on April 8. The ship encountered relatively large wind and waves while sailing south to look for a location with clear sky. The clouds began to disperse from 2 pm, and the sun could be seen through the thin clouds around 2:40. It cleared up later and during the totality, the weather was excellent and the observation was very successful. After another several days of sailing, the ship arrived at the Galápagos Islands again on April 12 and docked at several islands in the following days.<ref>{{cite web|author=Greg Shanos|title=Hybrid Eclipse Expedition|url=http://www.theskyscrapers.org/greg-shanos-2005-hybrid-eclipse-expedition|publisher=Skyscrapers, Inc.|date=June 2005|archive-date=5 January 2016|archive-url=https://archive.today/20160105122529/http://www.theskyscrapers.org/greg-shanos-2005-hybrid-eclipse-expedition}}</ref>

In addition, cruise ships including the [[MV Discovery|MV ''Discovery'']] and [[Paul Gauguin (ship)|MS ''Paul Gauguin'']] carried passengers around the [[Pitcairn Islands]] and [[French Polynesia]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Xavier M. Jubier|title=Eclipse totale de Soleil du 8 avril 2005 Polynésie, Océan Pacifique (Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2005 April 8 Polynesia, Pacific Ocean)|url=http://xjubier.free.fr/site_pages/solar_eclipses/HSE_20050408_pg01.html|archive-date=6 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151206234417/http://xjubier.free.fr/site_pages/solar_eclipses/HSE_20050408_pg01.html}}</ref> A team of NASA's did ground-based observations [[Penonomé, Coclé]], Panama.<ref>{{cite web|author=Howard Anton Duncan|title=Hybrid Solar Eclipse South Pacific Ocean – April 8, 2005|url=http://eclipsehd.info/Hybrid.html|publisher=EclipseHD.info|archive-date=20 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220132941/http://eclipsehd.info/Hybrid.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Paul D. Maley|title=The Hybrid 2005 Solar Eclipse on April 8|url=http://www.eclipsetours.com/2010-2002-trips/2005-annular-solar-eclipse-in-panama/|publisher=Eclipse Tours|archive-date=21 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121220459/http://www.eclipsetours.com/2010-2002-trips/2005-annular-solar-eclipse-in-panama/}}</ref>

==Images==
[[File:Solar eclipse animate (2005-Apr-08).gif]]<br />Animated path

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Solar eclipse (105132783).jpg|[[Christchurch]] ([[New Zealand|NZ]]) at sunrise
</gallery>

== Eclipse season ==
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an [[eclipse season]], a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a [[fortnight]].

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of April 2005
! April 8<br/>Ascending node (new moon)<br/> !! [[April 2005 lunar eclipse|April 24]]<br/>Descending node (full moon)<br/>
|-
| [[File:SE2005Apr08H.png|200px]] || [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-05apr24.png|200px]]
|- align=center
| [[Total eclipse#Types|Hybrid solar eclipse]]<br />Solar Saros 129 || [[Lunar eclipse#Types of lunar eclipse|Penumbral lunar eclipse]]<br />Lunar Saros 141
|}

== Related eclipses ==
=== Eclipses in 2005 ===
* '''A hybrid solar eclipse on April 8.'''
* [[April 2005 lunar eclipse|A penumbral lunar eclipse on April 24]].
* [[Solar eclipse of October 3, 2005|An annular solar eclipse on October 3]].
* [[October 2005 lunar eclipse|A partial lunar eclipse on October 17]].

=== Metonic ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of June 21, 2001]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of January 26, 2009]]

=== Tzolkinex ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of February 26, 1998]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of May 20, 2012]]

=== Half-Saros ===
* Preceded by: [[April 1996 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of April 4, 1996]]
* Followed by: [[April 2014 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of April 15, 2014]]

=== Tritos ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of May 10, 1994]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of March 9, 2016]]

=== Solar Saros 129 ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of March 29, 1987]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of April 20, 2023]]

=== Inex ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of April 29, 1976]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of March 20, 2034]]

=== Triad ===
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of June 8, 1918]]
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of February 7, 2092]]

=== Solar eclipses of 2004–2007 ===
{{Solar eclipse set 2004–2007}}

=== Saros 129 ===
{{Solar Saros series 129}}

=== Metonic series ===
{{Solar Metonic series 1982–2058}}

=== Tritos series ===
{{Solar Tritos series 2005 April 8}}

=== Inex series ===
{{Solar Inex series 2005 April 8}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="pan">{{Cite news
  | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/article/la-prensa-eclipse-atrae-a-cientos-de-tur/133471548/
  | date        = 2005-04-08
  | page        = A4
  | title       = Eclipse atrae a cientos de turistas
  | newspaper   = La Prensa
  | location    = Panama City, Panama
  | via         = Newspapers.com
  | access-date = 2023-10-15
  }}</ref>
<ref name="Pensacola News Journal 2005-04-08 p73">{{Cite news
  | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/article/pensacola-news-journal-big-star-eclipses/133471623/
  | date        = 2005-04-08
  | page        = 73
  | title       = Big star eclipses today
  | newspaper   = Pensacola News Journal
  | location    = Pensacola, Florida
  | via         = Newspapers.com
  | access-date = 2023-10-15
  }}</ref>
<ref name="The Miami Herald 2005-04-08 p134">{{Cite news
  | url         = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-miami-herald-partial-eclipse-to-blot/133471697/
  | date        = 2005-04-08
  | page        = 134
  | title       = Partial eclipse to blot out sun
  | newspaper   = The Miami Herald
  | location    = Miami, Florida
  | via         = Newspapers.com
  | access-date = 2023-10-15
  }}</ref>
<ref name="hBSAh">{{cite web
  | first     = Fred
  | last      = Espenak
  | title     = Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2005 Apr 08 - Google Maps and Solar Eclipse Paths
  | url       = http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEgoogle/SEgoogle2001/SE2005Apr08Hgoogle.html
  | publisher = NASA Eclipse Web Site
  }}</ref>
<ref name="DailyT20050409p7">{{Cite news
  | url         = https://newspapers.com/article/the-daily-tribune-watchers-view-eclipse/134034987/
  | date        = 2005-04-09
  | page        = 7
  | title       = Watchers view eclipse with awe
  | newspaper   = The Daily Tribune
  | location    = 
  | via         = Newspapers.com
  | access-date = 2023-10-25
  }}</ref>
}}

==References==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070621072627/http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEmono/HSE2005/HSE2005.html Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2005 April 08 (NASA.gov)]
{{Solar eclipse NASA reference|2001/SE2005Apr08T|20050408}}
* [http://xjubier.free.fr/en/site_pages/solar_eclipses/xSE_GoogleMapFull.php?Ecl=+20050408&Acc=2&Umb=1&Lmt=1&Mag=0 Google Map]

'''Photos:'''
*[http://www.zam.fme.vutbr.cz/~druck/Eclipse/Ecl2005d/0-info.htm Prof. Druckmüller's eclipse photography site. South Pacific (MV Discovery)]
*[http://www.zam.fme.vutbr.cz/~druck/Eclipse/Ecl2005g/0-info.htm Prof. Druckmüller's eclipse photography site. Pacific (MV Galapagos Legend)]
*[http://spaceweather.com/eclipses/gallery_08apr05.html Spaceweather.com eclipse gallery]
*[http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap050411.html Clouds, Plane, Sun, Eclipse, North Carolina, USA] APOD 4/11/2005
*[http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap050506.html Hybrid Solar Eclipse, combined photo of totality 2,200 kilometers west of the Galapagos and annularity at Penonome Airfield] APOD 5/6/2005
*[http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap131103.html A Rare Hybrid Solar Eclipse], APOD 11/3/2013
{{Solar eclipses}}
{{Commons category|Solar eclipse of 2005 April 8}}
{{Coord|10.567|S|118.987|W|display=title|source:dewiki}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Solar Eclipse Of April 8, 2005}}
[[Category:Hybrid solar eclipses|2005 04 08]]
[[Category:21st-century solar eclipses|2005 04 08]]
[[Category:2005 in science]]
[[Category:April 2005]]
[[Category:2005 in Costa Rica]]
[[Category:2005 in Panama]]
[[Category:2005 in Colombia]]
[[Category:2005 in Venezuela]]