View source for Sode guruma jime

{{Short description|Judo chokehold}}
{{Infobox Judo technique
|name           = Sode Guruma Jime
|image          = Image899-Sleeve_choke.jpg
|image_size  = 220px
|alt               = The top fighter wraps an arm behind his opponent's head and grabs his own sleeve to complete the choke
|caption        = The top fighter wraps an arm behind his opponent's head and grabs his own sleeve to complete the choke.
|class          =[[Katame-waza]]
|sub_class      =[[List_of_judo_techniques#Shime-waza_.28.E7.B5.9E.E6.8A.80.29:_chokes_or_strangles|Shime-waza]]
|grip           = 
|back_up        = 
|follow_up      = 
|targets        =[[Throat]]
|counter        =
|kodokan        = Yes
|romaji         =Sode-guruma Jime
|japanese       =袖車絞め
|english        =Sleeve wheel choke
}}
{{nihongo|'''Sode guruma jime'''|袖車絞め}} ("sleeve wheel constriction") is a type of Judo [[chokehold]] (''shime-waza''), which compresses the opponent’s [[Vertebrate trachea|trachea or the carotid arteries]]. 

== Technique ==
The technique can be executed from a variety of positions, but is generally performed by wrapping one arm behind the opponent’s head and grasping onto the sleeve of the [[Judogi|gi]] with the opposite hand. While holding onto the sleeve for leverage, the opposite forearm is brought down across the throat and clinched tight.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Inman|first=Roy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kKJZWpwP3w4C&dq=%22Sode+guruma+jime%22&pg=PA255|title=The Judo Handbook|date=2008-01-15|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc|isbn=978-1-4042-1393-7|language=en}}</ref> The choke is directly aided by the use of a gi, but it has also been adapted for no-gi application.

=== No-gi variation ===
Since the choke relies on the leverage created by the gripping of a sleeve, it must be altered slightly to be performed without a [[judogi|gi]]. Typically, this is accomplished by using the bottom arm to grip the opposite [[elbow]] or [[forearm]]. It can also be performed without a gi using the fist or wrist instead of the forearm.

== Brazilian jiu-jitsu ==
[[Image:Army combatives-ezekiel choke.jpg|thumb|250px|Soldier applying the choke from inside his guard, during US Army combatives competition at the 807th MDSC [[Best Warrior]] Competition.]]
Sode guruma jime is widely known as an '''Ezequiel choke''' ({{langx|pt|estrangulamento Ezequiel}}) in [[Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu]]. 

The choke became associated with the judoka [[Ezequiel Paraguassu]] from the time he spent at Carlson Gracie’s gym in Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro in 1988 while preparing for the 1988 Olympics in South Korea. While training at the gym he had a hard time trying to escape the closed guards of his opponents. Growing increasingly frustrated he decided to use the judo technique and managed to submit a number of his opponents. After a while he was asked to teach the technique to the other students and they soon began referring to it as the Ezequiel choke.<ref> {{Cite web|title=The Ezekiel Choke – history and breakdown|url=https://breakinggrips.com/the-ezekiel-choke-history-and-breakdown/|access-date=July 18, 2021|website=Breaking Grips}}
</ref>

== Notable uses in competition ==
* The technique has been used successfully in [[mixed martial arts]] competition by [[Hidehiko Yoshida]], a [[1992 Summer Olympics|1992 Olympic]] gold medalist in [[Judo at the 1992 Summer Olympics|judo]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=Hidehiko Yoshida|url=https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Hidehiko-Yoshida-5920|access-date=2021-07-19|website=Sherdog}}</ref> Yoshida defeated [[Kiyoshi Tamura]] via sode guruma jime during [[2003_in_Pride_FC#Pride_Total_Elimination_2003|Pride Total Elimination 2003]], the opening round of [[Pride Fighting Championship|Pride Fighting Championship’s]] 2003 grand prix. Yoshida also won a controversial decision over [[Royce Gracie]] at [[Pride Shockwave]] in 2002, when the referee thought Gracie had passed out from sode guruma jime.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fiveknuckles.com/mma-fighter/Hidehiko-Yoshida.html |title=Hidehiko Yoshida - Mixed Martial Arts Fighter |accessdate=2009-10-14 |url-status=usurped |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216071250/http://fiveknuckles.com/mma-fighter/Hidehiko-Yoshida.html |archivedate=2009-02-16 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Snowden|first1=Jonathan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lzdXP08P1pkC&dq=%22Ezekiel+choke%22&pg=PT680|title=The MMA Encyclopedia|last2=Shields|first2=Kendall|date=November 2010|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=978-1-55490-844-8|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Yoshihiro Akiyama]] defeated [[Katsuyori Shibata]] via sode guruma jime during [[Dream 5]] the Lightweight Grand Prix Final Round 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sherdog.com|title=Yoshihiro|url=https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Yoshihiro-Akiyama-11895|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Sherdog}}</ref>
*[[UFC]], M-1 and [[Bellator MMA]] veteran and Russian [[Sambo (martial art)|Sambo]] practitioner [[Alexey Oleinik]] has won fourteen fights via Ezekiel choke,<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=ALEXEY OLEYNIK: "THE BOA CONSTRICTOR"|url=https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Alexey-Oleynik-2027|access-date=2021-07-19|website=Sherdog}}</ref> including using the Ezekiel choke to defeat [[Viktor Pešta]] at [[UFC Fight Night 103]], becoming the first fighter in the company's history to win a match using the move.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxsports.com/ufc/story/aleksei-oleinik-pulls-off-first-ever-ezekiel-choke-submission-ufc-history-011517|title=Aleksei Oleinik pulls off first ever Ezekiel choke submission in UFC history {{!}} FOX Sports|date=2017-01-15|newspaper=FOX Sports|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-16|title=Video: Watch Aleksei Oleinik tap Viktor Pesta with first Ezekiel choke in UFC history|url=https://mmajunkie.usatoday.com/2017/01/video-watch-aleksei-oleinik-tap-viktor-pesta-with-first-ezekiel-choke-in-ufc-history|access-date=2021-07-27|website=MMA Junkie|language=en-US}}</ref> He subsequently repeated successful use of the technique in his win over [[Júnior Albini]] at [[UFC 224]] on May 12, 2018 in Brazil; the first 2 times the move has been used to win a match in the UFC: And the only times until September 10, 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ufc.com/event/Ufc-224|title=UFC 224: Nunes vs. Pennington|publisher=Ultimate Fighting Championship|accessdate=2018-02-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Langton|first=Nick|date=2021-07-22|title=Who is the oldest fighter still fighting on the UFC roster in 2021?|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/mma/who-oldest-fighter-still-fighting-ufc-roster-2021|access-date=2021-07-27|website=www.sportskeeda.com|language=en-us}}</ref> In a YouTube interview after the fight, he claimed that his opponent's coach is also affiliated with the gym that Oleynik attends, and that Albini's preparation specifically included defense against this choke.
*Ranked [[UFC]] heavyweight fighter, [[Alexander Volkov (fighter)]], defeated [[Tai Tuivasa]] with this technique on September 10, 2023 at [[UFC 293]], becoming the second man in the UFC to finish someone with this technique: And it being the third time that it had been done to win a match in the UFC. Unlike with the two occasions with Oleinik, Volkov performed the Ezekiel choke on top of his opponent.
* [[Rani Yahya]] defeated Eben Kaneshiro by Ezekiel choke at UAGF: Kaos on Kampus on 20 May 2006.

== Included systems ==
*[[Kodokan]] [[judo]]
*[[Brazilian jiu-jitsu]]
*[[Combat Sambo]]

== Aliases ==
*Ezequiel choke 
*Ezekiel choke 
*Sleeve wheel choke 
*Sleeve choke 
*Scissor choke
*Sleeve wheel constriction

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

<!-- ==Further reading== -->
==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=heNTKOtlpTU Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Ezekiel Choke]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1l4C-ts7WY Koji Komuro’s Ezekiel Choke (in Japanese) ]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZfIQw6kabA No-Gi Ezekiel Choke Tutorial]

{{grappling}}
{{Judo}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sode-Guruma-Jime}}
[[Category:Chokeholds]]
[[Category:Judo technique]]