View source for Shide (monk)

{{Short description|Chinese Buddhist poet and monk}}
{{Buddhism}}
'''Shide''' ({{zh|c=拾得|p=Shídé|w='''Shih-Te'''|l=Pick-up or Foundling}}, fl. 9th century)<ref name="Cihai1">Cihai lists Shide as living during the time of emperor [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Tai Zong]] who ruled from 626 to 649. See the date controversy in [[Hanshan (poet)|Hanshan]] article. Page 692.</ref> was a [[Tang dynasty]] [[China|Chinese]] [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] poet at the [[Guoqing Temple]] on [[Tiantai Mountain|Mount Tiantai]] on the [[East China Sea]] coast; roughly contemporary with [[Hanshan (poet)|Hanshan]] and [[Fenggan]], but younger than both of them. As close friends, the three of them formed the "[[Tiantai]] Trio". Shide lived as a lay monk, and worked most of his life in the kitchen of Guoqing Temple.
[[File:ShiDe by Yan Hui.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Painted by [[Yan Hui (painter)|Yan Hui]], ''Shi De'' 拾得. Color on silk. [[Tokyo National Museum]]. Depicting Shide with iconographic broom.]]
An apocryphal story relates how Shide received his name: Once, Fenggan was travelling between Guoqing Temple and the village of Tiantai, when at the redstone rock ridge called 'Red Wall' (赤城) he heard some crying. He investigated, and found a ten-year-old boy who had been abandoned by his parents; and picked him up and took him back to the temple, where the monks subsequently raised him.<ref name="Cihai2">Cihai Page 692.</ref>

Shide is referred to as '''Jittoku''' in Japanese.

Iconographically Shide is depicted with a broom, depicting insight and skillful means to remove the appearance of dust from the mundane world.<ref>Williams, ''sub'' BROOM</ref> 

== Poetry ==
Shide wrote a number of poems, 49 of which have survived. According to Xiang Chu in his book ''Cold Mountain Poems and Notes'',<ref>''Cold Mountain Poems and Notes'' (1997, 2000, 2010) 3rd edition, by Xiang Chu, Zhonghua Book Company, Beijing, China {{ISBN|978-7-101-01645-1}}</ref> there are 57 poems attributed to Shide. Shide's poems are short, and rarely exceed 10 lines. They are typically on a Buddhist subject and executed in a style reminiscent of Hanshan's.

== See also ==
{{Portal|Poetry}}
* [[Classical Chinese poetry]]
* [[Fenggan]]
* [[Hanshan (poet)]]
* [[Hanshan Temple]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* ''Cold Mountain Poems and Notes'' (1997, 2000, 2010) 3rd edition, by Xiang Chu, Zhonghua Book Company, Beijing, China {{ISBN|978-7-101-01645-1}}
* Ci hai bian ji wei yuan hui (辞海编辑委员会). Ci hai  (辞海). Shanghai: Shanghai ci shu chu ban she  (上海辞书出版社), 1979.
* ''The Collected Songs of Cold Mountain'', [[Bill Porter (author)|Red Pine]], [[Copper Canyon Press]] 2000, {{ISBN|1-55659-140-3}}
* Williams, C.A.S, ''Outlines of Chinese Symbolism and Art Motives'': Dover Publications (New York (1941). 

==Further reading==
* Rouzer, Paul [translator], Nugent, Christopher M. B. [editor] (2017). [https://www.degruyter.com/view/product/449925 The Poetry of Hanshan (Cold Mountain), Shide, and Fenggan] {{openaccess}}. ''De Gruyter Mouton''. {{ISBN|978-1-5015-0191-3}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Shide}}
[[Category:Tang dynasty poets]]
[[Category:Tang dynasty Buddhist monks]]
[[Category:Writers from Taizhou, Zhejiang]]
[[Category:9th-century Chinese poets]]
[[Category:Poets from Zhejiang]]
[[Category:Zenga]]