View source for Shenyang J-5

{{Short description|Chinese version of the Soviet MiG-17}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{{Infobox aircraft
| name = J-5
| image = China airforce J5.jpg
| caption = Shenyang JJ-5, trainer variant of the J-5
| type = [[Fighter aircraft]]
| national_origin = [[People's Republic of China]]
| manufacturer = [[Shenyang Aircraft Corporation]]<ref name = "China">Gordon, Yefim & Komissarov, Dmitry. Chinese Aircraft. Hikoki Publications. Manchester. 2008. {{ISBN|978-1-902109-04-6}}</ref>
| designer = 
| first_flight = 19 July 1956<ref name = "China"/>
| introduction = [[1957 in aviation|1957]]
| retired = [[1992 in aviation|1992]] (China)
| status = In service with [[North Korea]]
| primary_user = [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] (historical)
| more_users = [[Korean People's Army Air Force]] <br/>[[Pakistan Air Force]] (historical) <br/>[[Vietnam People's Air Force]] (historical)
| produced = 1956–1969
| number_built = 1,820+<ref name = "China"/>
| developed_from = [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17]]
}}

The '''Shenyang J-5''' ([[wikt:歼|Chinese]]: 歼-5) ([[NATO reporting name]] ''Fresco''<ref name = "design.">{{cite web|url=http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Listings_Fighter |title=Designations of Soviet and Russian Military Aircraft and Missiles |publisher=Designation-systems.net |date=2008-01-18 |access-date=2011-11-13}}</ref>) is a [[China|Chinese]]-built single-seat jet interceptor and fighter aircraft derived from the Soviet [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17]].<ref name = "China"/> The J-5 was exported as the '''F-5'''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VoafzkH5Gm4C&pg=PA174|title=Clusters and Economic Growth in Asia|last=Eriksson|first=Sören|date=2013|isbn=9780-8579-3008-8|location=Cheltenham, UK|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|page=174}}</ref> and was originally designated '''Dongfeng-101''' (East Wind-101) and also '''Type 56''' before being designated J-5 in 1964.<ref name = "China"/>

The MiG-17 was license-built in China and Poland into the 1960s. The [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] (PLAAF) obtained a number of Soviet-built MiG-17 Fresco-A day fighters, designated J-4 in the early 1950s. To introduce modern production methods to Chinese industry the PLAAF obtained plans for the MiG-17F Fresco-C day fighter in 1955, along with two completed pattern aircraft, 15 knockdown kits, and parts for ten aircraft. The first Chinese-built MiG-17F, (serialed ''Zhong 0101''),<ref name = "China"/> produced by the Shenyang factory, performed its initial flight on 19 July 1956 with test pilot Wu Keming at the controls.<ref name = "China"/>

Plans were obtained in 1961 for the MiG-17PF interceptor and production began, as the J-5A (F-5A),<ref name = "China"/> shortly afterwards. At this time the [[Sino-Soviet split]] occurred, causing much disruption to industrial and technical projects, so the first J-5A did not fly until 1964, when the type was already obsolete. A total of 767 J-5s and J-5As had been built when production ended in 1969.<ref name = "China"/>

The Chinese also built a two-seat trainer version of the MiG-17, designated the Chengdu JJ-5 (Jianjiji Jiaolianji - Fighter Trainer - FT-5),<ref name = "China"/> from 1968, by combining the two-seat cockpit of the MiG-15UTI, the VK-1A engine of the J-5, and the fuselage of the J-5A. All internal armament was deleted and a single Nudelman-Richter [[NR-23]] 23&nbsp;mm cannon was carried in a ventral pack. Production of the JJ-5 reached 1,061 when it ceased in 1986, with the type exported to a number of countries.<ref name = "China"/>

==Operational history==
[[File:Shenyang J-5.jpg|thumb|J-5 at the [[Beijing Aviation Museum]]]]
[[File:Albanian Air Force Shenyang FT-5 Lofting-1.jpg|thumb|Albanian Air Force FT-5]]
The J-5 and JJ-5 saw widespread use by the PLAAF until supplanted by more capable aircraft the [[Shenyang J-6]] and later [[Chengdu J-7]].

==Variants==
* '''Type 56''' - pre-service designation for the J-5.<ref name = "China"/>
* '''Dongfeng-101''' - original service name for the J-5.<ref name = "China"/>
* '''Shenyang J-5''' - ('''''Jianjiji-5''''' - fighter) Chinese production aircraft re-designated in 1964. 767 built, all single-seat variants.<ref name = "China"/>
* '''Shenyang J-5A''' - licence production of the radar-equipped Mig-17PF. The total production figure for this variant was over 300. J-5As were still in service with the PLAAF when J-6A & J-6B were phased out.<ref name = "China"/>
* '''Chengdu JJ-5''' - ('''''Jianjiji Jiaolianji''''' - fighter trainer) A twin-seat trainer version of the J-5 designed and developed by [[Chengdu Aircraft Corporation]]. Combined the J-5 airframe, J-5A airbrakes and the tandem twin-seat cockpit section of the [[JJ-2|JJ-2 (MiG-15UTI)]].<ref name = "China"/>
* '''Shenyang J-5 torpedo bomber''' - A single aircraft modified to carry a single torpedo under the fuselage centreline. The central cannon was removed, as was some fuel storage capacity. Trials showed performance degradation was too great and further work was abandoned.<ref name = "China"/>
* '''F-5''' - Export version of the J-5.
* '''FT-5''' - Export version of the JJ-5.

== Surviving aircraft ==

[[File:博物館聚落正門.jpg|thumb|Chengdu JJ-5 at the [[Jianchuan Museum Cluster]]]]
The [[Jianchuan Museum Cluster]] has one JJ-5.<!--May 19, 2011--><ref>{{Cite web |title=2011年大事记 |trans-title=Major events in 2011 |url=https://www.jc-museum.cn/news/258.html |date=2012-01-03 |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=Jianchuan Museum}}</ref>

==Operators==

===Current operators===

;{{Flag|North Korea}}
* [[North Korean Air Force]] — 106 Shenyang F-5s and 135 Shenyang FT-5s are in service.<ref name="World Air Forces 2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-2021/141456.article|title=World Air Forces 2021|publisher=flightglobal.com |access-date=7 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110064115/https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-2021/141456.article|archive-date=10 Jan 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> However, reports of dire levels of serviceability suggest an airworthiness rate of less than 50%.<ref name="AMR">{{cite web|url=http://www.asianmilitaryreview.com/upload/201202112223151.pdf|title=The AMR Regional Air Force Directory 2012|date=February 2012|publisher=Asian Military Review|access-date=12 August 2012}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
===Former operators===
[[File:Old photo archive of Bangladesh Air Force (15) (cropped).png|thumb| [[Bangladesh Air Force]] FT-5 trainer pictured in 1970s]]

;{{Flag|Albania}}
* [[Albanian Air Force]] — Twelve F-5s and eight FT-5s were delivered, with an additional 58 F-5s subsequently acquired.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vy5lEAAAQBAJ | title=In the Shadows of Albania-China Relations (1960-1978) | isbn=978-1-5275-7909-5 | last1=Bytyçi | first1=Enver | date=21 February 2022 | publisher=Cambridge Scholars }}</ref> Shenyang J-5 jets were among the first Chinese military aid to [[Albania]]. However, their deployment against the Yugoslav air incursions was relatively unsuccessful due to their subsonic speed, and the aircraft were soon reassigned once [[Shenyang J-6]]s became available. Remaining J-5s are retired and in storage.

;{{Flag|Bangladesh}}
* [[Bangladeshi Air Force]] — All retired in 1980.

;{{Flag|Cambodia}}
* [[Khmer Air Force]] — Ten Shenyang J-5 jets were delivered to the then '''Royal Khmer Aviation''' (AVRK) in 1965 as military aid. Only six were operational by 1970, only to be lost in January 1971 when the Cambodian Air Force was almost entirely destroyed on the ground by a [[People's Army of Vietnam|North Vietnamese Army]] (NVA) [[People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces|Sapper]] attack.

;{{Flag|China}}
* [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] 
* [[People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force]]

;{{Flag|Indonesia}}
* [[Indonesian Air Force]] — 12 J-5s were delivered in 1959, retired in 1970.<ref>{{cite magazine |author= Beny Adrian |title= Era 1960-an: Ditakuti dan Masa Kejayaan |trans-title=The 1960s Era: Feared and the Golden Age |magazine= Angkasa Edisi Koleksi. Pesawat Kombatan TNI-AU 1946-2011: Dari Legenda Churen Hingga Kedigdayaan Flanker |volume=  |number=72  |date=2011 |publisher= PT Mediarona Dirgantara |language= ID |page=24-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last = |first = |url= https://armstransfers.sipri.org/ArmsTransfer/TransferData |title = SIPRI's Arms Transfers Database |publisher= [[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]] |year= |doi = |accessdate= 10 December 2024}}</ref>

;{{Flag|Pakistan}}
* [[Pakistan Air Force]] — Retired 5 January 2012. The PAF's No. 1 Fighter Conversion Unit (FCU) operated more than 25 FT-5 trainers from 1975 to 2012, replaced in service by Pakistani-built [[Hongdu JL-8|K-8P Karakorums]].<ref>{{cite news|title=PAF grounds ageing trainer aircraft|url=http://beta.dawn.com/news/685939/paf-grounds-ageing-trainer-aircraft|access-date=June 20, 2013|newspaper=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|date=January 6, 2012}}</ref><ref name="AFM289">{{cite journal|title=Pakistan Air Force retires last FT-5|journal=[[AirForces Monthly]]|publisher=[[Key Publishing]]|date=April 2012|issue=289|page=32|issn=0955-7091}}</ref>

;{{Flag|Sri Lanka}}
* [[Sri Lankan Air Force]] — J-5s were used as jet familiarisation trainers for Sri Lankan Air Force pilots.

;{{Flag|Sudan}}
* [[Sudanese Air Force]] — 16 F-5s and FT-5s were delivered in 1969.<ref name="auto">{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=116}}</ref> Another FT-5 was received around 1983.<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=124}}</ref> Lastly, two FT-5s might have been ordered in 2001.<ref name="auto"/> Sudanese Air Force F-5s might have been used for ground attack missions against members of the [[Ansar (Sudan)|Ansar movement]] in 1970.<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=125}}</ref>

;{{Flag|Tanzania}}
* [[Tanzanian Air Force]] — Up to 22 FT-5 trainers delivered, starting in 1973.<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=161}}</ref>

;{{Flag|Vietnam}}
* [[Vietnamese Air Force]] — The Vietnamese Air Force used J-5s alongside the Soviet-supplied MiG-17s for interception missions until the 1990s when they were retired, along with the remaining MiG-19s, being replaced with newer MiG-21s and Su-27s.

;{{Flag|Zambia}}
* [[Zambia Air Force]] - 12 F-5s and FT-5s delivered, probably between 1976 and 1978.<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=200}}</ref>

;{{Flag|Zimbabwe}}
* [[Air Force of Zimbabwe]] — Two FT-5s leased by China as trainers for [[Chengdu J-7|Chengdu F-7s]] around 1986. They were later replaced by two twin-seat FT-7BZs, and returned to China by the mid-1990s.<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|p=208}}</ref>

==Specifications (J-5A)==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Chinese aircraft : China's aviation industry since 1951<ref name="Gordonkom">{{cite book |last1=Gordon |first1=Yefim |last2=Komissarov |first2=Dmitry |title=Chinese aircraft : China's aviation industry since 1951 |date=2008 |publisher=Hikoki Publications |location=Manchester |isbn=978-1-902109-04-6 |pages=24–31 |edition=1st}}</ref>
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=1
|length m=11.09
|length note={{cvt|11.36|m}}
|span m=9.628
|height m=3.8
|wing area sqm=22.6
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=<!--'''root:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA ]]; '''tip:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA ]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>-->
|empty weight kg=3939
|empty weight note={{cvt|4151|kg}}
|gross weight kg=6000
|gross weight note={{cvt|6125|kg}}
|max takeoff weight kg=
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Wopen WP-5]]
|eng1 type=[[turbojet]] engine
|eng1 kn=25.5
|eng1 kn-ab=
|eng1 note={{cvt|33.8|kN|lbf}} with afterburning
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed kmh=1130
|max speed note=at {{cvt|5000|m}}: {{cvt|1145|km/h|mph kn}}
|max speed mach=
|cruise speed kmh=
|stall speed kmh=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|range km=1424
|range note=with drop tanks at {{cvt|10000|m}}: {{cvt|1730|km|mi nmi}}

|combat range km=
|ferry range km=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=16500
|ceiling note={{cvt|16600|m}}
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|climb rate ms=65
|climb rate note=at {{cvt|5000|m}}: {{cvt|27|m/s|ft/min}}
|time to altitude=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=
<!--
        Armament
-->
|guns=3 x [[Type 23-1 aircraft cannon|Type 23-1]] {{cvt|23|mm|3}} aircraft cannon
|bombs= 
|rockets= 
|missiles= 
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=
|avionics=
}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Aviation}}
{{aircontent|
|related=
* [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15]]
* [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17]]
* [[PZL-Mielec Lim-6]]
|similar aircraft=
* [[Dassault Mystère IV]]
* [[Hawker Hunter]]
* [[CAC Sabre]]
|lists=
* [[List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS]]
* [[List of fighter aircraft]]
}}

==References==
'''Notes'''
{{reflist}}
'''Bibliography'''
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |last2=Weinert |first2=Peter |last3=Hinz |first3=Fabian |last4=Lepko |first4=Mark |title=African MiGs, Volume 2: Madagascar to Zimbabwe |date=2011 |publisher=Harpia Publishing |location=Houston |isbn=978-0-9825539-8-5}}
* Gordon, Yefim & Komissarov, Dmitry. Chinese Aircraft. Hikoki Publications. Manchester. 2008. {{ISBN|978-1-902109-04-6}}
* Taylor, Michael J.H. . “ Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. Studio Editions. London. 1989. {{ISBN|0-517-69186-8}}
* [http://www.designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Listings_Fighter Designations of Soviet and Russian Military Aircraft and Missiles]
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Shenyang J-5}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110906125739/http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/j-5-mig-17-fighter-china.htm J-5 fighter jet, PLAAF China]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110906141738/http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/jt5.htm JJ-5 Trainer jet, PLAAF China]

{{MiG-15 family}}
{{AVIC Aero Products}}
{{PRC fighters}}
{{PLAAF Aircraft}}
{{Chinese Military Aircraft}}
{{USAF fighters}}

[[Category:China–Soviet Union relations]]
[[Category:1950s Chinese fighter aircraft|J-05, Shenyang]]
[[Category:1950s Chinese military trainer aircraft|JJ-05]]
[[Category:Shenyang aircraft]]
[[Category:Mid-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Single-engined jet aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1956]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]