View source for Severo Calzetta da Ravenna

{{short description|Italian sculptor}}

[[File:Severo calzetta da ravenna, ragazzo con conchiglia.JPG|thumb|''Boy carrying a shell'', [[Bode-Museum]]]]
[[File:Severo calzetta da ravenna, lampada ad olio con piede rapace 01.JPG|thumb|''Satyr-bust-shaped oil lamp with raptor claw'', Bode-Museum]]
'''Severo (Calzetta) da Ravenna''' or '''Severo di Domenico Calzetta''' (active ca 1496 – ca 1543) was an Italian sculptor of the [[High Renaissance]] and [[Mannerism]], who worked in [[Padua]], where he is likely to have finished his training, in [[Ferrara]] and in [[Ravenna]], where he first appears in a document of 1496. Though Severo specialized in small bronzes, his only securely documented work is the marble ''St John the Baptist'', signed by him, which was commissioned in 1500 for the entrance to the chapel of St Anthony in the [[Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua]] and remains in place. Though he produced religious figures, such as the ''Corpus'' from a crucifix in the Cleveland Museum of Art, his main subjects were pagan, including dragons and satyrs, and functional objects, such as inkwells, candlesticks, and oil lamps. [[Pomponius Gauricus]] mentions Severo in his chapter on bronzes in ''De sculptura'' (1504), without identifying any subjects.

A mark of his convincing style ''all'antica'' is the fact that a bronze bust of a bearded man wearing a toga in the collection of the [[Rijksmuseum]] was long considered to be a Roman bronze. And a mark of the difficulty of attributions is the fact that it is attributed to Severo or to [[Tullio Lombardo]]<ref>[http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/aria/aria_artists/00017670?lang=en Illustration.]</ref>

==Some works==
*''Neptune on a Sea Monster'', c. 1500-10, bronze. Detroit Institute of Arts [https://web.archive.org/web/20060518142212/http://www.dia.org/the_collection/overview/viewobject.asp?objectid=61047]
*''Saint Christopher Carrying the Christ Child with the Globe of the World'' (c. 1500/1509) The two figures had become separated, and their identities unrecognized,  the ''Christopher'' mistaken for an Atlas (Louvre) and the Christ Child for a boy with a ball (National Gallery), until detective work by art historian [[Bertrand Jestaz]] reunited them [https://web.archive.org/web/20061001044658/http://www.nga.gov/press/2003/releases/summer/stchris.shtm].
*''Saint Sebastian'', c 1520, bronze (National Gallery of Art, Washington DC [https://archive.today/20121213152129/http://www.nga.gov/cgi-bin/pinfo?Object=43453+0+none illustration.] One of [https://archive.today/20121213221340/http://www.nga.gov/cgi-bin/psearch?Request=A&Person=82600 nine bronzes] in the National Gallery.

==Notes==
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{{Reflist}}

==References==
*Pope-Hennessy, John W. ''Renaissance Bronzes from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: Reliefs, Plaquettes, Statuettes, Utensils and Mortars.'' London, 1965: no. 527.

==Further reading==
* Patrick M. de Winter, 1986. "Recent Acquisitions of Italian Renaissance Decorative Arts. Part I: Incorporating Notes on the Sculptor Severo da Ravenna" ''The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art''  (March 1986).

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.clevelandart.org/explore/artist.asp?artistLetter=R&recNo=19 Cleveland Museum of Art: seven bronzes attributed to Severo]
*[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/66219/rec/1 European sculpture and metalwork], a collection catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Severo Calzetta (see index)

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:16th-century Italian sculptors]]
[[Category:Italian male sculptors]]