View source for Sevener

{{Short description|Branch of Isma'ilism}}
{{About|the defunct Ismaili sub-sect|the Ismaili Muslim faith overall|Isma'ilism}}
{{pp-move-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{Ismailism|Ismaili History}}

'''al-Ismāʿīliyya al-khāliṣa / al-Ismāʿīliyya al-wāqifa'''<ref name="Daftary2007">{{cite book|author=Daftary, Farhad|author-link=Farhad Daftary|title=The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cSO9zh61AGEC&q=khalisa&pg=PA88|date=2007|editor=Cambridge University|editor-link=Cambridge University|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|place=[[Cambridge]]|isbn=978-0-521-42974-0|page=90}}</ref> or '''Sevener''' ({{langx|ar|سبعية}}) was a branch of [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] Shīʻa. They broke off from the more numerous [[Twelver Shi'ism|Twelvers]] after the death of [[Ja'far al-Sadiq|Jafar al-Sadiq]] in 765 AD. They became known as "Seveners" because they believed that [[Isma'il ibn Ja'far]] was the seventh and last Imam (hereditary leader of the Muslim community in the direct line of Ali).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Armstrong |first=Karen |title=A History of God |publisher=Vintage |year=1999 |location=United Kingdom |pages=205}}</ref> They believed his son, [[Muhammad ibn Isma'il]], would return and bring about an age of justice as [[Mahdi]]. Their most well-known and active branch were the [[Qarmatians]].

== History, Shia schisms, and Seveners ==
[[File:Branch of Shi'a Islam.png|900x900px|thumb|center|Branching of Ismā'īlīsm within the Shi'a Islam at a glance. (Note: Kaysani's Imam Hanafiyyah is descendant of Ali from Ali's wife [[Khawlah bint Ja'far|Khawlah]], not Fatimah.)]]

=== Seveners and the Fatimid dynasty ===
[[File:Imam chart-fatima.pdf|900px|thumb|center| Sevener and Fatimid Dynasty]]

== List of Imams ==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[Imam|Imām]]<ref name="Daftary2007"/>{{rp|90}} || '''Sevener [[Isma'ilism|al-Ismāʿīliyya]] al-khāliṣa [[Imam|Imām]]''' || Period 
|-
| 1 || [[Ali]] – First [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] [[Imam|Imām]] || (632–661)
|-
| 2 || [[Hasan ibn Ali]] – Second [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] [[Imam|Imām]] || (661–669)
|- 
| 3 || [[Husayn ibn Ali]] – Third [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] [[Imam|Imām]] || (669–680) 
|-
| 4 || [[Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin]] – Fourth [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] [[Imam|Imām]] || (680–713)
|- 
| 5 || [[Muhammad al-Baqir]] – Fifth [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] [[Imam|Imām]] || (713–733)
|- 
| 6 || [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]] – Sixth [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] [[Imam|Imām]]|| (733–765) 
|- 
| 7 || [[Isma'il ibn Ja'far]] – Seventh [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]] [[Imam|Imām]] || (765–775) 
|- 
|}
Sometimes "Sevener" is used to refer to [[Isma'ilism|Ismā'īlī]]s overall, though mainstream [[Musta'li Ismailism|Musta'li]] and [[Nizari Isma'ilism|Nizari]] Isma'ilis have far more than seven imams.

==Ismaili imams who were not accepted as legitimate by Seveners==
The following Ismaili imams after [[Muhammad ibn Isma'il|Mahdi]] had been considered as heretics of dubious origins by certain [[Qarmatians|Qarmatian]] groups<ref name="MAYMŪN">[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abdallah-b-maymun-al-qaddah Encyclopedia Iranica, "ʿABDALLĀH B. MAYMŪN AL-QADDĀḤ"]</ref> who refused to acknowledge the imamate of the [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimids]] and clung to their belief in the coming of the Mahdi.<ref>[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ismailism-xvii-the-imamate-in-ismailism Encyclopedia Iranica, "THE IMAMATE IN ISMAʿILISM"]</ref>

* [[Ahmad al-Wafi|Abadullah ibn Muhammad (Ahmad al-Wafi)]] (813–829)
* [[Muhammad at-Taqi (Isma'ili)|Ahmad ibn Abadullah (Muhammad at-Taqi)]] (829–840)
* [[Radi Abdullah|Husayn ibn Ahmad (Radi Abdullah)]] (840–881)
* [[Abdallah al-Mahdi Billah]] (881–934) (Founder of [[Fatimid Caliphate]])

==See also==
*[[List of extinct Shia sects]]
*[[Isma'ilism]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Islamic Theology|state=expanded|schools}}
{{Theology}}
{{Islam topics|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:7 (number)]]
[[Category:Ismailism]]
[[Category:Extinct Islamic sects]]