View source for Seoul Shinmun

{{Short description|Korean-language daily newspaper in South Korea}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| name = Seoul Shinmun
| logo = Seoul Shinmun logo.svg
| image = Korea Press Center 20190608 001.jpg
| caption = Current headquarters (2019)
| type = Daily [[newspaper]]
| format = [[Broadsheet]]
| owners = Seoul Newspaper Co., Ltd.
| founder = [[Ernest Bethell]], [[Yang Gi-tak]]
| publisher = 
| editor = 
| president = 
| chiefeditor = 
| assoceditor = 
| maneditor = 
| advertisingdirector = 
| newseditor = 
| managingeditordesign = 
| campuseditor = 
| campuschief = 
| opeditor = 
| sportseditor = 
| photoeditor = 
| staff = 
| foundation = {{start date|1904|06|29|df=yes}} (as ''Korea Times'')
| political = 
| language = [[Korean language|Korean]]
| relaunched = {{Plainlist|
*30 August 1910 (''Maeil sinbo'')
*23 November 1945 (current name)
}}
| headquarters = [[Seoul]], South Korea
| circulation = 780,000
| sister newspapers = 
| ISSN = 
| oclc = 
| website = {{Official URL}}
| free = 
| dirinteractive = 
| module = {{Infobox Korean name/auto
|hangul=^서울_신문
|hanja=서울新聞
|lk=Seoul Newspaper
|child=yes
}}
}}

'''''Seoul Shinmun''''' ({{Korean|hangul=서울신문|lit=Seoul Newspaper}}) is a Korean-language daily newspaper published in South Korea.

The newspaper claims descendency from a newspaper established by Englishman [[Ernest Bethell]] in Korea on 29 June 1904 called ''[[The Korea Daily News]]'' (''Taehan maeil sinbo''); per this claim, ''Seoul Shinmun'' would be the oldest active newspaper in South Korea. It published in both English and Korean, and soon became significantly influential due to its ability to publish critically about the Japanese government, which was rapidly encroaching on Korean sovereignty at the time. However, mounting pressure caused it to be sold in 1910. It renamed to '''''Maeil sinbo''''', and largely published along [[Governor-General of Chōsen|Japanese colonial government]] lines. After the [[liberation of Korea]], the newspaper was seized by the [[United States Army Military Government in Korea]] in November 1945 and reorganized as ''Seoul Shinmun''. The paper continued under this name, although it briefly published under the name '''''Jinjung Shinmun''''' during the [[Korean War]] and for several years afterwards.

Circulation is an estimated 780,000 issues a day.

== History ==

=== ''Korea Times'' and ''The'' ''Korea Daily News'' ===
{{Main article|The Korea Daily News}}
In 1904, British journalists [[Ernest Bethell]] and Thomas Cowen<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Neff |first=Robert |date=2 May 2010 |title=UK journalist Bethell established newspapers in 1904 |url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2024/01/113_65191.html |access-date=26 January 2024 |website=[[The Korea Times]] |language=en}}</ref> were sent to Korea to report for the British newspaper ''[[Daily Chronicle]]''.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Han |first=Jeon |date=June 2019 |title=Fighting Injustice with the Pen |url=http://www.kocis.go.kr/eng/webzine/201906/sub05.html |access-date=26 January 2024 |website=[[Korean Culture and Information Service]] |language=en}}</ref> This was during a time when the Japanese government was rapidly encroaching on Korea's sovereignty. After being fired from the paper,<ref name=":1" /> Bethell and Cowen began planning to publish their own paper tentatively called the ''Korea Times''.<ref name=":1" /> The pair,<ref name=":1" /> along with Korean independence activist [[Yang Gi-tak]], published the first English-only issue of ''Korea Times'' on 29 June 1904.<ref name=":33">{{Cite web |title=서울신문 연혁 |trans-title=Seoul Shinmun Timeline |url=https://company.seoul.co.kr/index.php?category_code=001001003 |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=Seoul Shinmun}}</ref> The first non-trial issue under the new name was published on 18 July 1904, and was concurrently published in Korean as ''Taehan maeil sinbo'' ({{Korean|hangul=대한매일신보|hanja=大韓每日申報|labels=no}}).<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /> Newspapers were then censored by the [[Japanese Resident-General of Korea]]. Bethell, as a British citizen, was able to dodge Japanese censorship and continue publishing newspapers.<ref name=":02" /> However, he was frequently harassed by the Japanese.<ref name=":1" /> Bethell was arrested and tried by the British twice, by request of the Japanese government.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":02" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=대한매일신보(大韓每日申報) |url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0014992 |access-date=26 January 2024 |website=[[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture]] |language=ko}}</ref> He transferred ownership of the paper to his assistant editor Arthur Marnham, who carried on reporting critically of Japan.<ref name=":1" />

=== ''Maeil sinbo'' ===
{{Main article|Maeil sinbo}}
On 21 May 1910, Marnham folded under joint British and Japanese pressure, secretly sold the newspaper, and left the country.<ref name=":33"/><ref name=":1" /> Yang and others resigned and denounced the paper publicly as a propaganda piece.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":33" /> The paper became strictly controlled by Japan. It changed its name to ''Maeil sinbo'' ({{Korean|hangul=매일신보|hanja=每日申報|labels=no}}) on 30 August 1910,<ref name=":1" /> and became subordinated to the Japanese-language paper ''[[Keijō nippō]]''.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=매일신보 |url=http://contents.history.go.kr/front/tg/view.do?treeId=0100&levelId=tg_004_1860 |access-date=26 January 2024 |website=우리역사 |publisher=[[National Institute of Korean History]]}}</ref> On 29 April 1938, it became independent from the ''Keijō'' and changed a character in its name (申 to 新; both are homophones in Korean).<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":33" />

=== ''Seoul Shinmun'' ===
[[File:1945년 11월 23일 서울신문.jpg|thumb|Cover of the first issue of ''Seoul Shinmun'' (23 November 1945)]]
[[Liberation of Korea|Korea was liberated]] in August 1945. The ''Maeil sinbo'' chairman Lee Seong-geun ({{Korean|hangul=이성근|labels=no}}) resigned, and the employees took over operation of the paper. The U.S. military arrived on 2 October 1945, and took control of it.<ref name=":3" /> However, it faced pushback from the employees,<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=서울신문(서울新聞) |url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0014991 |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=[[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture]] |language=ko}}</ref> resulting in the paper being suspended in 10 November 1945.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> It was reorganized and resumed publication on 23 November 1945 as ''Seoul Shinmun''.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Its first president was independence activist [[O Se-chang]],<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> who had participated in the 1919 [[March 1st Movement]] protests against Japanese rule.<ref name=":33" />

In 15 August 1949, the paper and others were restricted to only four pages per issue.<ref name=":4" /> The paper's publication froze during the [[Korean War]]. A two-page successor paper, called ''Jinjung Shinmun'' ({{Korean|hangul=진중신문|hanja=陣中新聞|labels=no}}) began publication in April 1951, and was the only operating newspaper service in the city at the time. Its facilities were once destroyed, but were rebuilt, and the paper continued publishing.<ref name=":4" />

On 18 October 1956, the paper named its pure Hangul edition of the ''Seoul Shinmun''. It was mostly a transliteration of the mixed-script main paper, and ceased publication within a year.<ref name=":4" />

On 23 March 1959, it changed its numbering system to effectively cut out the ''Maeil sinbo'' portion of its history, by making its first ''Seoul Shinmun'' issue as No. 1, instead of its previous numbering No. 13738.<ref name=":4" /> During the 1960 [[April Revolution]], a fire occurred in the building, and many of its rare records and materials were lost.<ref name=":4" /> The paper encountered then financial difficulties, and took a hiatus beginning on 9 May of the following year. However, after the [[May 16 coup]] of 1961, it began receiving support from the government, and resumed publication on 22 December of that year, publishing 36 pages per week in the evenings.<ref name=":4" />

From 2 December 1980, it began publishing in the morning again. It began using [[Typesetting|computerized typesetting]] in January 1985, and moved to a larger office at [[Taepyeongno]], [[Jung District]], Seoul. It changed to [[Horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts|horizontal type]] in October 1996.<ref name=":4" />

On 11 November 1998 it restored the former name ''The Korea Daily News'', but after a discussion during an extraordinary meeting to shareholders on 3 December 2003, it decided to revert back to ''Seoul Shinmun'', and took effect on 1 January 2004.<ref name=":33"/>

On 8 October 2021, Hoban Group became its largest shareholder.<ref name=":33"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=서울신문 역사관 |trans-title=Seoul Shinmun History Museum |url=https://www.seoul.co.kr/SpecialEdition/seoulHistory/ |access-date=24 April 2025 |website=Seoul Shinmun |language=ko}}</ref>

== Other publications ==
Seoul Shinmun introduced numerous sister magazines and newspapers throughout its history, including:<ref name=":33" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=연혁 |trans-title=Timeline |url=https://www.etvguide.co.kr/com/com-3.html |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=TV Guide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=회사소개 |trans-title=Company Overview |url=http://www.queen.co.kr/com/com-1.html |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=Queen - Economy Queen}}</ref>
* '''''Sincheonji''''' ({{Korean|hangul=신천지|hanja=新天地|labels=no}}), a monthly magazine that covered various topics including current event, culture, and the arts. From February 1946, it published 68 issues over 9 years.
* '''''Jugan Seoul''''' ({{Korean|hangul=주간 서울|hanja=週刊 서울|labels=no}}), the country's first weekly magazine. It was originally founded by Hapdong News Agency on 7 July 1947, later it was take over by Seoul Shinmun, and reintroduced on 18 October 1948, it published 93 issues until the outbreak of Korean War.
* '''''Sunday Seoul''''' ({{lang|ko|선데이 서울}}), a weekly magazine that focus on popular culture. Founded on 33 September 1968, it became soon popular since the first issue, and contributed to the paper's growth. It was ended up on 31 December 1991 with the final issue No. 1192.
* '''''Seoul Pyeongron''''' ({{Korean|hangul=서울평론|hanja=서울評論|labels=no}}), a weekly magazine target high-end intellectuals with in-depth discussions on hot issues. Founded on 4 November 1973, it was not a success on market, and stopped on 6 November 1975 with the final issue No. 103.
* '''''Jugan Sports''''' ({{Korean|hangul=주간스포츠|hanja=週刊스포츠|labels=no}}), a weekly magazine that focus on sports and leisure entertainment target young people, founded on 30 March 1975, and ended up on 29 July 1987 with the final issue No. 632.
* '''''TV Guide''''' ({{lang|ko|TV가이드}}), the country's first TV entertainment magazine, founded on 18 July 1981, it was later spun off on 30 December 1999.
* '''''Art and Criticism''''' ({{Korean|hangul=예술과 비평|hanja=藝術과 批評|labels=no}}), an art comment journal from 1984.
* '''''{{ill|Sports Seoul|ko|스포츠서울}}''''' ({{lang|ko|스포츠 서울}}), a newspaper focus on topics of sport, it was founded on 22 June 1985 for facing the wave to the [[1986 Asian Games]] and the [[1988 Summer Olympics]]. Later, it was spun off on 30 December 1999.
* '''''Queen''''' ({{lang|ko|퀸}}), a female monthly magazine since 23 June 1990, it was later spun off on 30 December 1999.
* '''''News & People''''' ({{lang|ko|뉴스피플}}), a weekly news magazine founded on 5 January 1992, originally titled ''People'' ({{lang|ko|피플}}), renamed since issue No. 43 on 5 November.
* '''''We''''', a tabloid weekend magazine target the readers have more leisure time on weekend, it covered various topics including leisure, travel, life hack, popular culture, etc. It was founded on 9 January 2004.
* '''''Seoul in''''', a tabloid metropolitan section published twice a week, focused on local information in Seoul. It was founded on 1 June 2004, formerly named ''Seoul in Seoul'' ({{lang|ko|서울 in Seoul}}) until 15 October.
* '''''Now News''''' ({{lang|ko|나우뉴스}}), an online newspaper from 25 April 2007.
* '''''Public IN''''' ({{lang|ko|퍼블릭 IN}}), a premium magazine published weekly on Monday and target civil servants, founded on 6 February 2016, it reported on various issues including human resources, healthcare, after retirement, and financial technology, etc.

==See also==
* [[List of newspapers in South Korea]]
* [[Media in South Korea]]

== References ==
<references />

==External links==
* {{Official website}} {{in lang|ko}}

[[Category:Newspapers established in 1945]]
[[Category:Newspapers published in Seoul]]
[[Category:Newspaper companies of South Korea]]
[[Category:Daily newspapers published in South Korea]]
[[Category:Korean-language newspapers]]
[[Category:Seoul Shinmun| ]]
[[Category:1945 establishments in Korea]]