View source for Sardinian Anglo-Arab

{{Short description|Italian breed of horse}}
{{Infobox horse breed
| name            = Sardinian Anglo-Arab
| image           = Lavinpiano (cropped less).JPG
| image_size      = 
| image_alt       = 
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| image2          = 
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| status          = {{ubl|[[FAO]] (2007): not at risk{{r|barb|p=70}}|[[DAD-IS]] (2022): at risk/endangered{{r|dad}}}}
| alt_name        = {{ubl|{{lang-it|Anglo-Arabo Sardo|italic=no}}|{{lang-sc|Anglu-Arabu Sardu|italic=no}}|AAS|Sardinian}}
| country         = Italy
| distribution    = principally [[Sardinia]]
| standard        = [https://www.politicheagricole.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/6177 MIPAAF] (in Italian)
| use             = [[riding horse]]
| colour          = {{ubl|bay|brown|chestnut|grey|black{{r|edwards2|p=197}}}}
| height          = 158–170 cm{{r|mipaaf}}
| male_height     = 
| female_height   = 
| weight          = 450–600 kg{{r|mipaaf}}
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| female_weight   = 
| note            = 
}}

The '''Sardinian Anglo-Arab''' or '''Anglo-Arabo Sardo''' is an Italian [[list of horse breeds|breed]] of [[riding horse]] from the Mediterranean island of [[Sardinia]].{{r|elise|p=118}} It derives from [[cross-breeding]] of local mares with stallions of [[Arab horse|Arab]], [[Anglo-Arab]] and [[Thoroughbred]] stock. Breeding began in 1874; the breed was officially recognised in 1967.{{r|bigi|p=98|cabi|p2=500}}

== History ==

Breeding of what would become the Sardinian Anglo-Arab began in 1874, when the {{lang|it|Regio Deposito Stalloni|italic=no}} or royal [[stud farm|stud]] was established at [[Ozieri]] in the [[provinces of Italy|province]] of [[Sassari (province)|Sassari]] in northern Sardinia. There indigenous Sardinian mares were [[horse breeding|put]] to Oriental stallions of the [[Purosangue Orientale]] breed, with the aim of producing [[riding horse]]s suitable for [[warhorse|military use]] in the army of the [[unification of Italy|new Italian state]].{{r|bigi|p=98|mdpi|p2=2}} From 1883 both [[French Anglo-Arab]] and [[Thoroughbred]] stallions were also used; from 1915 to 1937 the use of these was discontinued and only [[Arab (horse breed)|Arab]] stallions were employed.{{r|bigi|p=98}} The demand for military horses was already substantially reduced by this time, and following the [[Second World War]] became negligible; from that time the horses were bred principally for [[equestrian sport|competitive sport]]. Since the 1960s the major influence on the development of the breed has been the French Anglo-Arab.{{r|bigi|p=98}}

The Anglo-Arabo Sardo was officially recognised in 1967.{{r|cabi|p=500}} It is registered in the second section of the [[stud-book]] of the [[Sella Italiano]].{{r|bigi|p=99}} Like other sporting horses, it falls under the [[Ministero delle Politiche Agricole, Alimentari e Forestali]], the Italian ministry of agriculture; the stud-book is kept by the {{lang|it|Associazione Italiana Allevatori|italic=no}}, the national association of animal breeders.{{r|aia}}

In 2018 the breeding stock stood at just over {{val|3000}} head, consisting of 134 stallions and {{val|2871}} brood-mares.{{r|dad}} In 2022 the [[conservation status]] of the breed was reported to [[DAD-IS]] as 'at risk'/'endangered'.{{r|dad}}

== Characteristics ==

The Sardinian Anglo-Arab is markedly Oriental in appearance.{{r|edwards|p=348}} It is [[:wikt:dolichomorphic|dolichomorphic]] in outline, lightly built but strong. The head is light and square, with a straight profile, small ears and large eyes and nostrils.{{r|regione|mipaaf}} The skin is fine, the coat fine, short and silky, with abundant [[Mane (horse)|mane]] and tail; the principal colours are [[bay (horse)|bay]], [[chestnut (coat)|chestnut]], less often [[grey (horse)|grey]].{{r|regione|mipaaf}}

== Use ==

The Anglo-Arabo Sardo was originally bred as a [[riding horse]] for [[warhorse|military use]]. Since about the time of the Second World War it has been bred principally for [[equestrian sport|competitive sport]]. It is particularly suitable for [[three-day eventing]], but is also used for [[show-jumping]] and in [[horse racing|races]] held specifically for [[half-blood (horse)|half-blood]] horses, of which there are many in Sardinia;{{r|bigi|p=99}} most of the horses that run in the [[Palio di Siena]] are of this breed.{{r|edwards2|p=197}}

In the three-day event, an early success was that of Rohan de Lechereo, ridden by [[Marina Sciocchetti]], in the team which took the silver medal at the [[Italy at the 1980 Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics]] in Moscow in 1980.{{r|trecc}}

== References ==
{{commons category|Anglo arabo sardo}}
{{reflist|45em|refs=

<ref name=aia>[http://www.aia.it/CMSContent/Documents/Relazione%20sulla%20gestione%20e%20bilancio%202020.pdf Relazione sulla Gestione e Bilancio 2020] (in Italian). Associazione Italiana Allevatori. Accessed July 2022.</ref>

<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200623201209/http://www.fao.org/3/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9789251057629}}. Archived 23 June 2020.</ref>

<ref name=bigi>Daniele Bigi, Alessio Zanon (2008). ''Atlante delle razze autoctone: Bovini, equini, ovicaprini, suini allevati in Italia'' (in Italian). Milan: Edagricole. {{isbn|9788850652594}}.</ref>

<ref name=cabi>Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ ''Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding''] (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{isbn|9781780647944}}.</ref>

<ref name=dad>[https://dadis-breed-datasheet-ext-ws.firebaseapp.com/?country=ITA&specie=Horse&breed=Cavallo%20Anglo-Arabo&lang=en Breed data sheet: Cavallo Anglo-Arabo / Italy (Horse)]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed July 2022.</ref>

<ref name=edwards>Elwyn Hartley Edwards (1994). ''The Encyclopedia of the Horse''. London; New York; Stuttgart; Moscow: Dorling Kindersley. {{isbn|0751301159}}.</ref>

<ref name=edwards2>Elwyn Hartley Edwards (2016). ''The Horse Encyclopedia''. New York, New York: DK Publishing. {{isbn|9781465451439}}.</ref>

<ref name=elise>Élise Rousseau, Yann Le Bris, Teresa Lavender Fagan (2017). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Eus9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA176 ''Horses of the World'']. Princeton: Princeton University Press. {{isbn|9780691167206}}.</ref>

<ref name=mdpi>Andrea Giontella, Francesca Maria Sarti, Irene Cardinali, Samira Giovannini, Raffaele Cherchi, Hovirag Lancioni, Maurizio Silvestrelli, Camillo Pieramati (2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200616051820/https://res.mdpi.com/d_attachment/animals/animals-10-01018/article_deploy/animals-10-01018.pdf Genetic Variability and Population Structure in the Sardinian Anglo‐Arab Horse]. ''Animals''. '''10''' (6): 1018. {{doi|10.3390/ani10061018|doi-access=free}}.</ref>

<ref name=mipaaf>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220503155656/https://www.politicheagricole.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/6177 Libri genealogici: Cavallo Orientale, Anglo Arabo e Sella Italiano] (in Italian). Rome: Ministero delle Politiche Agricole, Alimentari e Forestali. Archived 3 May 2022.</ref>

<ref name=regione>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200919123158/http://www.sardegnaagricoltura.it/index.php?xsl=443&s=44925&v=2&c=3679 Anglo Arabo Sardo] (in Italian). Regione Autonoma della Sardegna: SardegnaAgricoltura. Archived 19 September 2020.</ref>

<ref name=trecc>Caterina Vagnozzi (2005). [https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/marina-sciocchetti_%28Enciclopedia-dello-Sport%29/ Sciocchetti, Marina] (in Italian). ''Enciclopedia dello Sport''. Roma: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. Accessed July 2022.</ref>

}}

{{Horse breeds of Italy}}

[[Category:Horse breeds]]
[[Category:Horse breeds originating in Italy]]
[[Category:Fauna of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Part-Arabian breeds of horses and ponies]]