View source for SS-N-22

{{Short description|Soviet anti-ship missiles}}
'''SS-N-22 Sunburn''' is the [[NATO reporting name]] for two unrelated Soviet [[anti-ship missile]]s. Although the missiles were very different, distinguishing between them is difficult because their ship-mounted launching containers were identical. Confusion was exacerbated by the Soviet practice of mixing missile types within a class of ships. It was therefore not confirmed that the "SS-N-22" actually referenced two different missiles until after the [[fall of the Soviet Union]].

== Chelomei rocket ==
One of the SS-N-22s was the [[P-80 Zubr]], designed by a team led by [[Vladimir Chelomei]]. The Zubr was rocket-propelled and armed with a 250&nbsp;kilogram warhead. It was carried by early-model [[Sovremenny class destroyer|''Sovremenny''-class destroyers]] and [[Tarantul class corvette|''Tarantul''-class corvettes]]. The submarine-launched version of this missile was also designated as an SS-N-22 Sunburn by [[NATO]] but was known to the Soviets as the [[P-100 Oniks]].

== MKB Raduga model ==
{{main|P-270 Moskit}}
The other, unrelated SS-N-22 was the [[MKB Raduga|Raduga]] [[P-270 Moskit]]. It was [[ramjet]]-propelled (though launched by a small solid-fuel rocket), and was carried by later-model [[Sovremenny class destroyer]]s, [[Tarantul class corvette]]s, and several smaller warships. This weapon has a top speed of Mach 3.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/moskit.htm|title=Moskit / SS-N-22 Sunburn|publisher=|accessdate=1 October 2014|archive-date=28 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828093030/http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/moskit.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The high speed of the missile means a typical response time for the target of only 25 to 30 seconds, giving a target little time to react. Moskit can be armed with a warhead of 320&nbsp;kg.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/moskit.htm|title=Moskit / SS-N-22 Sunburn|publisher=|accessdate=1 October 2014|archive-date=28 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828093030/http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/row/moskit.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Another version of this weapon is called the ASM-MMS or Kh-41;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/moskit.htm|title=Moskit / SS-N-22 Sunburn|author=John Pike|publisher=|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref> it is intended to be launched by a [[Su-33]].

The [[People's Republic of China]] acquired SS-N-22 launchers and missiles (specifically, the for-export 3M-80E Moskit variant) with a 1999&ndash;2000 purchase of two ''Sovremenny'' destroyers from Russia.{{citation needed|date=June 2012}}According to Russia, the PRC funded the development of the SS-N-22 version for the [[People's Liberation Army Navy]] (PLAN). It has the designation 3M-80MBE, and this version differs from earlier versions mainly in having increased range (now beyond 220&nbsp;km; 240&nbsp;km has been quoted).{{citation needed|date=June 2012}} These new missiles will be first installed on board the second pair of [[Sovremenny class destroyer]]s. A total of 500 SS-N-22 AShM were ordered by the PRC for the four Russian-built [[Sovremenny class destroyer]]s. With the exception of the first 20, these are the 3M-80MBE variant.{{citation needed|date=June 2012}} The PRC has stockpiled roughly 15 SS-N-22 missiles per launch tube (each destroyer having a total of 8 launchers in two quadruple configurations).{{citation needed|date=June 2012}} It is speculated that the PLAN intends to use the missiles against [[carrier battle group]]s deployed by the [[United States Navy]] in the event of a confrontation with the [[Republic of China]] ([[Taiwan]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=3553&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=193&no_cache=1,|title=CHINA'S "TSUSHIMA" ANTICARRIER STRATEGY|work=The Jamestown Foundation|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref>

Six SS-N-22 launchers were also present on the Soviet [[ekranoplan]] [[Lun-class ekranoplan|''Lun'']].

== Operators ==
;{{PRC}}
;{{RUS}}
;{{IRN}}<ref>Cordesman, A. and Kleiber, M. (2007, Iran's Military Forces and Warfighting Capabilities, Washington: Centre of Strategic and International Studies.</ref>
;{{EGY}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2016/august-2016-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/4274-egyptian-navy-received-russian-3m80-moskit-anti-ship-missiles-for-its-tarantul-class-corvette.html|title=Egyptian Navy received Russian 3M80 Moskit anti-ship missiles for its Tarantul-class corvette|work=Navy Recognition|access-date=2018-05-06|language=en-gb}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Close-in weapon system|Close-in weapon system (CIWS)]], a countermeasure to anti-ship missiles

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/moskit.htm Moskit/SS-N-22 Sunburn] on GlobalSecurity.org
* [http://www.bora-class.info/arms Moskit/SS-N-22 Sunburn Photoalbum] on [[Bora-Class.info]]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/671-specs.htm Project 671 Victor class Attack Submarine (Nuclear Powered)] on GlobalSecurity.org
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/945-specs.htm Project 945 Sierra class Attack Submarine (Nuclear Powered)] on GlobalSecurity.org
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/ss-n-26.htm 3M55 Oniks / P-800 Yakhont / P-800 Bolid / SSN-X-26] on GlobalSecurity.org
* [http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=3553&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=193&no_cache=1 CHINA'S "TSUSHIMA" ANTICARRIER STRATEGY] on jamestown.org
{{Russian and Soviet missiles|SSM}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ss-N-22}}
[[Category:Cold War anti-ship missiles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Anti-ship missiles of the Soviet Union]]