View source for SNAP-1

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=April 2014}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name                  = SNAP-1
| image                 = 
| image_caption         =

| mission_type          = Technology
| operator              = [[Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd|SSTL]] / [[Surrey University|University of Surrey]]
| website               = <!-- Homepage of the craft/mission -->
| COSPAR_ID             = 2000-033C<ref>NASA, [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/spacewarn/spx560.html "SPACEWARN Bulletin"],  Number 560, 1 July 2000</ref>
| SATCAT                = 
| mission_duration      =

| spacecraft_bus        = 
| manufacturer          = [[Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd|SSTL]] / [[Surrey University|University of Surrey]]
| dry_mass              = 
| launch_mass           = {{convert|6.5|kg|lb}}
| dimensions            = 
| power                 =

| launch_date           = {{start-date|28 June 2000, 12:13:00|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC 
| launch_rocket         = [[Kosmos-3M]] 
| launch_site           = [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome|Plesetsk]] [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 132|132/1]]
| launch_contractor     =

| disposal_type         = 
| deactivated           = 
| last_contact          = <!-- {{end-date|[insert date here]}} -->
| decay_date            = <!-- when craft re-entered the atmosphere -->

| orbit_epoch           = 
| orbit_reference       = [[geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime          = [[Low Earth Orbit|Low Earth]]
| orbit_periapsis       = {{convert|666|km|mi}} 
| orbit_apoapsis        = {{convert|682|km|mi}} 
| orbit_inclination     = 98.1 deg
| orbit_period          = 98.2&nbsp;minutes 
| apsis                 = gee
}}

'''SNAP-1''' is a British nanosatellite in [[low Earth orbit]].<ref name="RoyalSocietyUnderwood">C Underwood, G Richardson, J Savignol, [http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/361/1802/199.abstract "In-orbit results from the SNAP-1 nanosatellite and its future potential"], Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society, 2003</ref><ref name="WileyFortescueEngineering">P Fortescue, J Stark, G Swinerd, "Spacecraft Systems Engineering", Third Edition, Wiley - Section 18.7, pages 597-599</ref> The satellite was built at the Surrey Space Centre by [[Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd]] (SSTL) and members of the [[Surrey University|University of Surrey]]. It was launched on 28 June 2000 on board a [[Kosmos-3M]] rocket from the [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome]] in northern Russia.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2000/2000-1%20-%200022.html "SSTL satellites launched on board Cosmos 3M booster"], Flight International 4–10 July 2000, page 22</ref>  It shared the launch with a Russian [[Nadezhda (satellite)|Nadezhda]] search and relay spacecraft and the Chinese Tsinghua-1 microsatellite.

==Mission==
The objectives of the SNAP-1 mission were to:<ref name="RoyalSocietyUnderwood" />

* Develop and prove a modular [[commercial off-the-shelf]] (COTS) based nanosatellite bus.
* Evaluate new manufacturing techniques and technologies.
* Image the Tsinghua-1 microsatellite during its deployment (timed to occur a few seconds after the deployment of SNAP-1).
* Demonstrate the systems required for future nanosatellite constellations.  For example: three-axis attitude control, [[Global Positioning System]] (GPS) based orbit determination, and orbital manoeuvres.  
* Depending on propellant availability, rendezvous with Tsinghua-1 and demonstrate formation flying.

During deployment, SNAP-1 successfully imaged the Nadezhda and Tsinghua-1 satellites that accompanied it on the launch.<ref name="SurreyLancasterMvs">R Lancaster, [http://rjplancaster.net/documents/20010822-UniversityOfSurrey-Thesis-RLancaster-Snap1OpticalRemoteInspectionSystem.pdf "An optical remote inspection system for the Surrey Nanosatellite Applications Program"], University of Surrey MSc thesis, 2001</ref><ref name="UsuLancasterMvs">R Lancaster, C Underwood, [http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/smallsat/2000/All2000/20/ "The SNAP-1 Machine Vision System"], 14th AIAA / USU Conference on Small Satellites, 2000</ref><ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2000/2000-1%20-%201423.html "SpaceFlight News"], Flight International 17–23 October 2000, page 33</ref>  Once in orbit, SNAP-1 achieved three axis attitude control,<ref name="UsuSteynAttitude">W H Steyn, Y Hashida, [http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/smallsat/2001/All2001/28/ "In-Orbit Attitude Performance of the 3-Axis Stabilised SNAP-1 Nanosatellite"], 15th AIAA / USU Conference on Small Satellites, 2001</ref> then demonstrated its orbital maintenance capability using its butane cold gas propulsion system.<ref name="UsuGibbonPropulsion">D Gibbon, C Underwood, [http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/smallsat/2001/All2001/76/ "Low Cost Butane Propulsion Systems for Small Spacecraft"], 15th AIAA / USU Conference on Small Satellites, 2001</ref>

==Architecture==
The {{convert|6.5|kg|lb}} SNAP-1 satellite contained the following modules:<ref>C Underwood, G Richardson, J Savignol, [http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/smallsat/2001/All2001/39/ "SNAP-1: A Low Cost Modular COTS-Based Nano-Satellite – Design, Construction, Launch and Early Operations Phase"], 15th AIAA / USU Conference on Small Satellites, 2001</ref>

* Power System<ref>C Clark, K Hall, "Power System Design and Performance on the World’s Most Advanced In-Orbit Nanosatellite", 6th European Space Power Conference, Porto, Portugal May 2002</ref>
* [[VHF]] Receiver
* [[S-band]] Transmitter<ref>Z Wahl, K Walker, J Ward, [http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/smallsat/2000/All2000/64/ "Modular and Reusable Miniature Subsystems for Small Satellites: An Example Describing Surrey’s Nanosatellite S-Band Downlink"], 14th AIAA / USU Conference on Small Satellites, 2000</ref>
* Attitude and Orbit Control System (AOCS)<ref name="UsuSteynAttitude" />
* Cold-Gas Propulsion (CGP) System<ref name="UsuGibbonPropulsion" />
* On-Board Computer (OBC)
* [[VHF]] spread-spectrum communications payload
* [[UHF]] inter-satellite link
* Machine Vision System (MVS)<ref name="SurreyLancasterMvs" /><ref name="UsuLancasterMvs" />

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
{{Orbital launches in 2000}}

[[Category:University of Surrey]]
[[Category:Satellites orbiting Earth]]
[[Category:Satellites of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2000]]