View source for Rose O'Neill

{{Short description|American illustrator (1874–1944)}}
{{other people}}
{{good article}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox comics creator
| image         = Rose O'Neill by Gertrude Käsebier crop.jpg
| imagesize     = 
| caption       = O'Neill in {{c.|1907}}
| alt           = 
| birth_name    = Rose Cecil O'Neill
| birth_place   = {{nowrap| [[Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania]], U.S.}}
| death_place   = [[Springfield, Missouri]], U.S.
| spouse        = {{Plainlist|
* {{marriage|Gray Latham|1896|1901}}
* {{marriage|[[Harry Leon Wilson]]|1902|1907|end=div}} }}
| area          = {{hlist|Cartoonist|writer|artist}}
| notable works = [[Kewpie]]
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|1874|6|25}}
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1944|4|6|1874|6|25}}
}}
'''Rose Cecil O'Neill''' (June 25, 1874 – April 6, 1944) was an American [[cartoonist]], illustrator, artist, and writer. She rose to fame for her creation of the popular comic strip characters, [[Kewpie]]s, in 1909, and was also the first published female cartoonist in the United States.{{Sfn|McCabe et al.|2016|p=17}}

The daughter of a book salesman and a homemaker, O'Neill was raised in rural [[Nebraska]]. She exhibited interest in the arts at an early age, and sought a career as an illustrator in New York City. Her Kewpie cartoons, which made their debut in a 1909 issue of ''[[Ladies' Home Journal]]'', were later manufactured as [[bisque doll]]s in 1912 by J. D. Kestner, a German toy company, followed by [[Composition doll|composition]] material and [[celluloid]] versions. The dolls were wildly popular in the early twentieth century, and are considered to be one of the first mass-marketed toys in the United States.

O'Neill also wrote several novels and books of poetry, and was active in the [[women's suffrage]] movement.  She was for a time the highest-paid female illustrator in the world upon the success of the Kewpie dolls.<ref name=shs>{{cite web|url=http://shs.umsystem.edu/historicmissourians/name/o/oneill/ |work=The State Historical Society of Missouri |title=Rose O'Neill |access-date=February 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420202337/http://shsmo.org/historicmissourians/name/o/oneill/ |archive-date=April 20, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> O'Neill has been inducted into the [[National Women's Hall of Fame]].<ref>[https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/rose-oneill/ National Women's Hall of Fame, Rose O'Neill]</ref>

In 2022 at [[San Diego Comic-Con]], Rose O'Neill was inducted into the Eisner Awards Hall of Fame as a Comic Pioneer.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://file770.com/2022-eisner-awards/ | title=2022 Eisner Awards | date=July 23, 2022 }}</ref>

==Early life==
O'Neill was born on June 25, 1874, in [[Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania]], the daughter of William Patrick, an [[Irish people|Irish]] immigrant,{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=8}} and Alice Asenath "Meemie" Smith O'Neill. She had two younger sisters, Lee and Callista, and three younger brothers: Hugh, James, and Clarence. The family moved to rural [[Nebraska]] while O'Neill was young. From early childhood, she expressed significant interest in the arts, immersing herself in drawing, painting, and sculpture.<ref name=shs/> At thirteen, she entered a children's drawing competition sponsored by the ''[[Omaha World-Herald|Omaha Herald]]''{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=44}} and won first prize for her drawing, titled "Temptation Leading to an Abyss".{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=8}}

Within two years, O'Neill was providing illustrations for the local Omaha publications ''Excelsior'' and ''The Great Divide'' as well as other periodicals, having secured this work with help from the editor at the ''Omaha World-Herald'' and the Art Director from ''Everybody Magazine'' who had judged the competition. The income helped support her family, which her father had struggled to support as a bookseller.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=8}} O'Neill attended the Sacred Heart Convent school in Omaha.{{Sfn|Appel|2010|p=132}}

==Career==
===Move to New York===
[[File:Rose O'Neill - When We All Believe (Santa Claus and children illustration from the 1903 December 2 issue of Puck).jpg|"When We All Believe": An illustration of children surrounding [[Santa Claus]] for the 1903 issue of ''[[Puck (magazine)|Puck]]''|thumb|upright=1.5]]
To market her skills to a broader audience, O'Neill moved to New York in 1893; she stopped in Chicago en route to visit the [[World Columbian Exposition]].{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=53}} The nuns accompanied her to various publishers to sell work from her portfolio of sixty drawings. She was able to sell her drawings to numerous publishing houses and began taking orders for more.{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=8}} A four-panel comic strip by O'Neill was featured in a September 19, 1896, issue of ''Truth'' magazine, making her the first American woman to publish a comic strip.{{Sfn|McCabe et al.|2016|p=17}}{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=10}}

While O'Neill was living in New York, her father made a [[Homestead (buildings)|homestead]] claim on a small tract of land in the [[Ozarks]] wilderness of southern [[Missouri]]. The tract had a [[Dogtrot house|"dog-trot" cabin]] with two log cabins (one was used for eating and the other for sleeping) and a [[breezeway]] between. A year later when O'Neill visited the land, it had become known as "Bonniebrook".{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=61}} During this time O'Neill was experiencing considerable success, having joined the staff of ''[[Puck (magazine)|Puck]]'', an American humor magazine, where she was the only female on staff.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=16}} In 1909, she began work drawing advertisements for [[Jell-O]],{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=21}} and contributed illustrations to ''[[Harper's]]'' and ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' magazines.<ref name=gale>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/oneill-rose-cecil-1874-1944 |encyclopedia=Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia |publisher=Gale Research |title=O'Neill, Rose Cecil (1874–1944) |access-date=February 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211081712/http://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/oneill-rose-cecil-1874-1944 |archive-date=February 11, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<br />

===Early illustrations===
In 1892, while in Omaha, O'Neill met a young Virginian named Gray Latham, whom she married in 1896. He visited O'Neill in New York City, and continued writing to her when she went to Missouri to see her family. After Latham's father went to [[Mexico]] to make films, he went to Bonniebrook in 1896. Concerned with the welfare of her family, O'Neill sent much of her paycheck home.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=14}}
[[File:In Georgia - O'Neill Latham. LCCN2010651250.jpg|thumb]]
In the following years O'Neill became unhappy with Latham, as he liked "living large" and gambling, and was known as a [[playboy (lifestyle)|playboy]]. O'Neill found that Latham, with his very expensive tastes, had spent her paychecks on himself. O'Neill then moved to [[Taney County, Missouri]], where she filed for divorce in 1901, returning to Bonniebrook. Latham died the same year, and some sources state that O'Neill was [[widow]]ed.<ref name=gale/>

In late 1901, O'Neill began receiving anonymous letters and gifts in the mail.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=77}} She learned that they were sent by [[Harry Leon Wilson]], an assistant editor at ''Puck''. O'Neill and Wilson became romantically involved soon after, and married in 1902.{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=11}} After a honeymoon in [[Colorado]], they moved to Bonniebrook, where they lived for the next several winters. During the first three years Wilson wrote two novels, ''The Lions of the Lord'' (1903) and ''The Boss of Little Arcady'' (1905), both of which O'Neill  drew illustrations for.<ref name=gale/> One of Wilson's later novels, ''[[Ruggles of Red Gap]]'', became popular and was made into several motion pictures, including a [[silent movie]], a "talkie" starring [[Charles Laughton]], and then a remake called ''[[Fancy Pants (film)|Fancy Pants]]'' starring [[Lucille Ball]] and [[Bob Hope]]. The couple divorced in 1907.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/article-9340566/Harry-Leon-Wilson |title=Harry Leon Wilson |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica |encyclopedia=Britannica Kids |access-date=December 29, 2016 |date=n.d. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921092221/http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/article-9340566/Harry-Leon-Wilson |archive-date=September 21, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1904, O'Neill published her first novel, ''The Loves of Edwy'', which she also illustrated.{{Sfn|Book News|1905|p=111}} A review published by ''Book News'' in 1905 considered O'Neill's illustrations to "possess a rare breadth of sympathy with and understanding of humanity".{{Sfn|Book News|1905|p=111}}

===Kewpies and breakthrough===
{{Main|Kewpie}}
[[File:Kewpie votes for women postcard.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Kewpie]] votes for women postcard, 1914]]
As educational opportunities were made available in the 19th century, women artists became part of professional enterprises, and some founded their own art associations. Artwork made by women was considered to be inferior, and to help overcome that stereotype women became, according to art historian Laura Prieto, "increasingly vocal and confident" in promoting women's work. Many women artists, including O'Neill, could be characterized as examples of the educated, modern, and independent [[New Woman]].{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=1}}{{Sfn|Prieto|2001|pages=145–147}} According to Prieto, artists "played crucial roles in representing the New Woman, both by drawing images of the icon and exemplifying this emerging type through their own lives".{{Sfn|Prieto|2001|pages=145–147}}  In the late 19th century and early 20th century, about 88% of the subscribers of 11,000 magazines and periodicals were women. As women entered the artist community, publishers hired women to create illustrations that depicted the world from a woman's perspective. Other successful illustrators were [[Jennie Augusta Brownscombe]], [[Jessie Willcox Smith]], [[Elizabeth Shippen Green]], and [[Violet Oakley]].{{Sfn|Prieto|2001|pages=160–161}}

It was amid the New Woman and burgeoning suffragist movements that, in 1908, O'Neill began to concentrate on producing original artwork, and it was during this period that she created the whimsical [[Kewpie]] characters for which she became known.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=2}} Their name, "Kewpie", derives from [[Cupid]], the Roman god of love.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/collections/kewpie-doll/ |work=V&A Museum of Childhood (Victoria and Albert Museum) |title=Kewpie doll |publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum, London |access-date=February 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504132733/http://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/collections/kewpie-doll/ |archive-date=May 4, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> According to O'Neill, she became obsessed with the idea of the cherubic characters, to the point that she had dreams about them: "I thought about the Kewpies so much that I had a dream about them where they were all doing acrobatic pranks on the coverlet of my bed. One sat in my hand."{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=95}}  She described them as "a sort of little round fairy whose one idea is to teach people to be merry and kind at the same time".<ref name=shs/> The Kewpie characters made their debut in [[comic strip]] form in 1909 in an issue of ''[[Ladies' Home Journal]]''.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=1}} Further publications of the Kewpie comics in ''[[Woman's Home Companion]]'' and ''[[Good Housekeeping]]'' helped the cartoon grow in popularity rapidly.{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=13}}{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=4}}

In 1913, German doll manufacturer Kestner & Co. began making Kewpie dolls. The dolls were immediately successful, and more companies were licensed to produce them in order to meet demand.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Edison |first1=Judith |title=Dolls from Kewpie to Barbie and beyond |date=1994 |publisher=Smithmark |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8317-2262-3 |pages=13, 39–40 |url=https://archive.org/details/dollsfromkewpiet0000edis}}</ref> O'Neill repeatedly visited Germany to supervise the doll manufacturers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehistorychannelclub.com/articles/articletype/articleview/articleid/1472/the-kewpie-doll |work=The History Channel Club |title=The Kewpie Doll |last=Knight |first=Marcy Kennedy |date=December 8, 2011 |access-date=December 27, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131223013356/http://www.thehistorychannelclub.com/articles/articletype/articleview/articleid/1472/the-kewpie-doll |archive-date=December 23, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As O'Neill rose to fame, she garnered a public reputation as a [[Bohemianism|bohemian]], and became an ardent [[women's rights]] advocate.<ref name=shs/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/16/nyregion/nyregionspecial2/16colct.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|work=The New York Times|title=Who Knew? 'Kewpie Lady' Had Quite a Colorful Life|author=Hirshey, Gerri|date=March 16, 2008|access-date=August 9, 2013}}</ref> The success of the Kewpies amassed her a fortune of $1.4 million,{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=2}} with which she purchased properties including Bonniebrook, an apartment in [[Washington Square Park]] in [[Greenwich Village]], ''Castle Carabas'' in [[Connecticut]], and ''Villa Narcissus'' (bought from [[Charles Caryl Coleman]]) on the [[Capri|Isle of Capri, Italy]].{{Sfn|King|1934|p=22}} At the height of the Kewpie success, O'Neill was the highest-paid female illustrator in the world.<ref name=shs/><ref name=nps>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/wom/2008/bonniebrookhomestead.htm |work=National Park Service |title=Bonniebrook Homestead, Taney County, Missouri |publisher=U.S. Government |access-date=February 8, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409191757/http://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/wom/2008/bonniebrookhomestead.htm |archive-date=April 9, 2011 |url-status=dead |date=March 2007 }}</ref> O'Neill was well known in New York City's artistic circles, and through her association, she was the inspiration for the song "[[Rose of Washington Square]]".{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=13}}

===Paris and later career===
[[File:Nina Morgan, Jackie Wilbur, Olga Petrova, Anita Loos, & seated is Rose O’Neill 9 24 1925.jpg|thumb|Nina Morgan, Jackie Wilbur, Olga Petrova, Anita Loos, Rose O’Neill,  Women’s Arts And Industries  Exposition Sept. 24, 1925.]]
O'Neill continued working, even at her wealthiest, exploring many different types of art. She learned sculpture at the hand of [[Auguste Rodin]] and had several exhibitions of sculptures and paintings in [[Paris]] and the United States.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=2}} These works were more experimental in nature, and largely influenced by dreams and mythology.{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=13}} O'Neill spent 1921 to 1926 living in Paris.{{Sfn|Robbins|2013|p=13}} While there, she was elected to the [[Société Coloniale des Artistes Français]] in 1921, and had exhibitions of her sculptures at the Galerie Devambez in Paris and the [[Wildenstein & Company Building|Wildenstein]] Galleries in New York in 1921 and 1922, respectively.<ref name=gale/>

In 1927, O'Neill returned to the United States, and by 1937 was living at Bonniebrook permanently. By the 1940s, she had lost the majority of her money and properties, partly through extravagant spending, as well as the cost of fully supporting her family, her entourage of "artistic" hangers-on, and her first husband.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=14}} The [[Great Depression]] also hurt O'Neill's fortune. During that period, O'Neill was dismayed to find that her work was no longer in demand. After thirty years of popularity, the Kewpie character phenomenon had faded, and photography was replacing illustration as a commercial vehicle. O'Neill experimented with crafting a new doll, eventually creating Little Ho Ho, which was a laughing baby [[Buddharupa|Buddha]]. However, before plans could be finalized for production of the new little figure, the factory burned to the ground.{{Sfn|O'Neill|1997|p=149}}

==Personal life==
[[File:P757, Scribner's Magazine 1908--Phyllida.png|thumb|upright|Page 757, Scribner's Magazine 1908. Extract from scan of illustration for the story "[[wikisource:Phyllida|Phyllida]]" by [[Temple Bailey]]. ]]

O'Neill became a prominent personality in the [[Branson, Missouri]] community donating her time and pieces of artwork to the [[School of the Ozarks]] at [[Point Lookout, Missouri]], and remaining active in the local art community.<ref name=nps/>

On April 6, 1944, O'Neill died of [[heart failure]] resulting from [[paralysis]] at the home of her nephew in [[Springfield, Missouri]].{{Sfn|Kindilien, et al.|1971|p=651}} She is interred in the family cemetery at [[Bonniebrook Homestead]], next to her mother and several family members.{{Sfn|Kindilien, et al.|1971|p=651}}<ref name="DNR">{{cite web| url =http://dnr.mo.gov/shpo/nps-nr/84002720.pdf| title = National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Bonniebrook Homestead | access-date = February 1, 2017| author=Robert H. Gibbons, James M. Denny, and Robert Flanders| date=December 1982| publisher=Missouri Department of Natural Resources}}</ref>{{rp|2–4}}  Bonniebrook Homestead was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1997.<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>

==Published works==
===As author and illustrator===
*''The Loves of Edwy'' (Boston: Lothrop, 1904){{Sfn|O'Neill|1904|p=1}}
*''The Lady in the White Veil'' (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1909)<ref name="shs"/>
*''The Kewpies and Dottie Darling'' (New York: George H. Doran, 1912)<ref name="shs"/>
*''The Kewpies: Their Book, Verse and Poetry'' (New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1913)<ref name="shs"/>
*''The Kewpie Kutouts'' (1914)<ref name="shs"/>
*''The Kewpie Primer'' (1916)<ref name="shs"/>
*''The Master-Mistress'' (New York: [[Alfred A. Knopf|Knopf]], 1922)<ref name="shs"/>
*''Kewpies and the Runaway Baby'' (New York: [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]], Doran, 1928)<ref name="shs"/>
*''Garda'' (New York: Doubleday, Doran, 1929)<ref name="shs"/>
*''The Goblin Woman'' (New York: Doubleday, Doran, 1930){{Sfn|Library of Congress|1931|p=2076}}

===Illustrator only===
*''The Lions of the Lord'' by Harry Leon Wilson (Boston: Lothrop, 1903)<ref name=gale/>
*''The Boss of Little Arcady'' by Harry Leon Wilson (Boston: Lothrop, 1905)<ref name=gale/>
*''The Hickory Limb'' by Parker Hoysted Fillmore (New York: John Lane Co., 1910)<ref name="shs"/>
*''Our Baby’s Book'' (New York: Woman's Home Companion, 1914)<ref name="shs"/>
*''A Little Question of Ladies’ Rights'' by Parker Hoysted Fillmore (New York: John Lane Co., 1916)<ref name="shs"/>
*''Tomorrow's House; or The Tiny Angel'' by [[George O'Neil]] (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1930) – brother–sister collaboration<ref name=gale/>
*''Sing a Song of Safety'' by [[Irving Caesar]] (New York: I. Caesar, 1937)<ref name=shs/>

== References ==
===Footnotes===
{{Reflist|20em}}

===Sources===
{{Refbegin|35em}}
*{{cite book |first=Phyllis |last=Appel |title=The Missouri Connection: Profiles of the Famous and Infamous |year=2010 |publisher=Graystone Enterprises LLC |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L92i1Ta24SwC |isbn=978-0-9845381-0-2}}
*{{cite journal |title=Catalogue of Copyright Entries. New Series: 1931, Part 1 |publisher=U.S. Library of Congress |volume=28 |year=1931 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q6shAQAAIAAJ&q=The+Goblin+Woman+rose+o%27neill&pg=PA2076 |journal=Catalog of Copyright Entries |ref={{SfnRef|Library of Congress|1931}} |via=[[Google Books]]}}
*{{cite journal |journal=Book News: An Illustrated Magazine of Literature and Books |volume=XXIII |year=1905 |publisher=John Wanamaker |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |title=Five Novels We Talked About |ref={{SfnRef|Book News|1905}} |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qtsRAAAAYAAJ&q=the+loves+of+edwy&pg=PA111}}
*{{cite book |first=Miriam |last=Formanek-Brunell |year=1998 |title=Made to Play House: Dolls and the Commercialization of American Girlhood, 1830–1930 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=978-0-8018-6062-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uqQ02LbIiuwC&q=978-0801860621}}
*{{cite book |title=Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary |volume=3 |publisher=Belknap Press |date=January 1, 1971 |isbn=978-0-674-62734-5 |first=Carlin T. |last=Kindilein |display-authors=etal |editor1=James, Edward T. |editor2=Wilson, Janet Wilson |editor3=Boyer, Paul |ref={{SfnRef|Kindilien, et al.|1971}}}}
*{{cite magazine |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |title=Profile: Kewpie Doll |first=Alexander |last=King |date=November 24, 1934 |url=https://www.newyorker.com/archive/1934/11/24/1934_11_24_022_TNY_CARDS_000157600 |location=New York, New York, U.S.}}
*{{cite book |title=CBLDF Presents: She Changed Comics |publisher=Image Comics |isbn=978-1-63215-929-8 |date=October 11, 2016 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TPgbDQAAQBAJ&q=rose+o%27neill+first+american+cartoonist&pg=PA17 |ref={{SfnRef|McCabe et al.|2016}} |author=McCabe, Caitlin |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite book |first=Rose |last=O'Neill |editor=Formanek-Brunell, Miriam |year=1997 |title=The Story of Rose O'Neill: An Autobiography |publisher=University of Missouri Press |isbn=978-0-8262-1106-4}}
*{{cite book |first=Rose |last=O'Neill |title=The Loves of Edwy |year=1904 |publisher=Lothrop |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzof7JdBbD4C |isbn=9781434410566}}
*{{cite book |first=Laura R. |last=Prieto |url=https://archive.org/details/athomeinstudiopr00prie |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/athomeinstudiopr00prie/page/145 145] |title=At Home in the Studio: The Professionalization of Women Artists in America |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-674-00486-3}}
*{{cite book |first=Trina |last=Robbins |year=2013 |title=Pretty In Ink: North American Women Cartoonists 1896–2013 |publisher=Fantagraphics |isbn=978-1-60699-669-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RVseDAAAQBAJ&q=rose+o%27neill+bohemian&pg=PA13}}
{{refend}}

== Further reading ==
*Armitage, S. (1994) ''Kewpies And Beyond, the World of Rose O'Neill.'' University Press of Mississippi. {{ISBN|0-87805-711-0}}.
*Brewster, L. (2009) ''Rose O'Neill: The Girl Who Loved to Draw''. Boxing Day Books. {{ISBN|978-0-9798332-3-6}}.
*Brewster, L. (2014) ''Rose O'Neill: Not Just The Kewpie Lady ''.Illustration Magazine. {{ISBN |9780990846208}}.
*Buhr, S. (2018) ''Frolic of the Mind: The Illustrious Life of Rose O'Neill''. Springfield Art Museum. {{ISBN|978-0-934306-96-6}}.
*Formanek-Brunell, M. (1997) ''The Story of Rose O'Neill''. University of Missouri Press. {{ISBN|0-8262-1106-2}}.
*[[Glenn Meganck|Ripley, J. R.]] (2004) ''Bum Rap in Branson.'' Beachfront Publishing. {{ISBN|1-892339-89-7}}.
*Goodman, Helen (1989) ''The Art of Rose O'Neill''.  Brandywine River Museum. Exhibition Catalogue.

==External links==
{{sisterlinks|d=Q3442397|b=no|wikt=no|s=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no|n=no|q=no}}

*[https://www.roseoneill.org Bonniebrook Gallery, Museum, and Homestead] (official)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110409191757/http://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/wom/2008/bonniebrookhomestead.htm Bonniebrook Homestead] at [[National Park Service|U.S. National Park Service]]
*[http://www.americanartarchives.com/oneill,r.htm Rose O'Neill] at the American Art Archives 
*[https://gildedage2.omeka.net/exhibits/show/highlights/artists/rose Documenting the Gilded Age: New York City Exhibitions at the Turn of the 20th Century] – a [[New York Art Resources Consortium]] project
* {{Gutenberg author | id=33571}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Rose Cecil O'Neill}}
* {{Librivox author |id=2361}}
* {{LCAuth|n85121294|Rose O'Neill|50|}}
* [https://roseoneillmuseum-springfield.org/ Rose O'Neill Museum Springfield]
*[https://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/nyhs/pr369_rose_oneill/ Rose O'Neill collection] at [https://www.nyhistory.org/library New-York Historical Society]
*[https://missouriartists.org/person/morem74/ Missouri Remembers: Artists in Missouri through 1951]

{{National Women's Hall of Fame}}
{{New Woman (late 19th century)}}
{{Society of Illustrators' Hall of Fame}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Oneill, Rose}}
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1944 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American artists]]
[[Category:20th-century American writers]]
[[Category:American women illustrators]]
[[Category:American illustrators]]
[[Category:American people of Irish descent]]
[[Category:American suffragists]]
[[Category:Artists from Omaha, Nebraska]]
[[Category:American female comics artists]]
[[Category:American female comics writers]]
[[Category:Writers who illustrated their own writing]]
[[Category:Writers from Omaha, Nebraska]]
[[Category:Writers from Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:College of the Ozarks alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century American women writers]]
[[Category:American women human rights activists]]