View source for Romanization of Belarusian

{{Short description|Transliteration of Belarusian from Cyrillic to Latin script}}
{{For|the romanization of Belarusian used on Wikipedia|Wikipedia:Romanization of Belarusian}}

'''Romanization''' or '''Latinization of Belarusian''' is any system for [[transliterating]] written [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]] from [[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]] to the [[Latin alphabet]].

==Standard systems for romanizing Belarusian==
{{See also|Belarusian Latin alphabet}}
Standard systems for [[romanizing]] Belarusian include:
*[[BGN/PCGN romanization of Belarusian]], 1979 ([[United States Board on Geographic Names]] and [[Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use]]), which is the US and Great Britain prevailing system for romanising of geographical information
*British Standard 2979 : 1958
*[[Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic|Scientific transliteration]], or the ''International Scholarly System'' for [[linguistics]]
*[[ALA-LC romanization]], 1997 (American Library Association and Library of Congress)
*[[ISO 9]]:1995, which is also Belarusian state standard GOST 7.79–2000 for non-geographical information
*''[[Instruction on transliteration of Belarusian geographical names with letters of Latin script]]'', which was an official standard for geographical names, adopted by the Committee on Land Resources, Geodesy and Cartography of Belarus (2000), and recommended for use by the Working Group on Romanization Systems of the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/9th-uncsgn-docs/e-conf-98-crp-21.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-07-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090824062135/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/9th-UNCSGN-Docs/E-CONF-98-CRP-21.pdf |archive-date=2009-08-24 }}</ref> It was significantly revised in 2007, then replaced with a new system in 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pravo.by/document/?guid=12551&p0=W22339778&p1=1&p5=0|title=Instrukcija po peredache naimenovanij geograficheskih objektov s belorusskogo i russkogo jazykov na drugie jazyki i transliteracii naimenovanij geograficheskih objektov bukvami latinskogo alfavita|work=Gosudarstvennyj komitet po imushchestvu Respubliki Belarus|date=2023|accessdate=13 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Писать "Ščučynščyna" уже нельзя: в Беларуси отменили белорусскую латиницу в географических названиях |url=https://ru.hrodna.life/2023/04/04/lacinka-zabarona/ |work=Hrodna.life - новости Гродно |date=4 April 2023 |language=ru-RU}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" width=55% style="text-align:center;border:1px solid #ccc;" summary="Comparative table of some standard romanisations of the Belarusian letters"
|+ style="font-weight:bold;" | Comparative table of some standard romanisations of the Belarusian letters
|- valign="top" style="background:#ccc;"
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | Cyrillic
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | Scholarly<ref>Parentheses (&nbsp;) denote older variants.</ref>
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | ALA-LC
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | British<ref>Diacritics may be omitted when back-transliteration is not required</ref>
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | BGN/PCGN<ref>{{cite web|url=http://geonames.nga.mil/gns/html/romanization.html|title=Romanization Systems Currently Approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use (PCGN)|publisher=[[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]|access-date=5 April 2017}}</ref>
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | ISO 9
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | National 2000<ref name="national">For ''е, ё, ю, я,'' the digraphs ''je, jo, ju, ja'' are used word-initially, and after a vowel, apostrophe (’), separating ''ь'', or ''ў''.</ref>
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | National 2007<ref name="national" />
! style="font-weight:normal" scope="col" width="12%" | National 2023<ref name="national" />
|- valign="top"
| А а || a || a || a || a || a || a || a || a
|- valign="top"
| Б б || b || b || b || b || b || b || b || b
|- valign="top"
| В в || v || v || v || v || v || v || v || v
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Г г || h || h || h || h || g || h || h || g
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Ґ ґ<ref>The letter [[Ge with upturn|Ge]] (Ґ ґ) has never been part of the standard Belarusian alphabet.</ref> || g || g || g || g || g̀ ||  ||  ||
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Д д || d || d || d || d || d || d || d || d
|- valign="top"
| Е е || e || e || e || ye || e || {{As written|je, ie}} || {{As written|je, ie}} || {{As written|je, ie}}
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Ё ё || ë || i͡o || ë || yo || ë || jo, io || jo, io || jo, io
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Ж ж || ž || z͡h || zh || zh || ž || ž || ž || zh
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| З з || z || z || z || z || z || z || z || z
|- valign="top"
| І і || i || i || i || i || ì || i || i || i
|- valign="top"
| Й й || j || ĭ || ĭ || y || j || j || j || j
|- valign="top"
| К к || k || k || k || k || k || k || k || k
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Л л || l || l || l || l || l || l || l || l
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| М м || m || m || m || m || m || m || m || m
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Н н || n || n || n || n || n || n || n || n
|- valign="top"
| О о || o || o || o || o || o || o || o || o
|- valign="top"
| П п || p || p || p || p || p || p || p || p
|- valign="top"
| Р р || r || r || r || r || r || r || r || r
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| С с || s || s || s || s || s || s || s || s
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Т т || t || t || t || t || t || t || t || t
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Тс тс ||  ||  || t-s || t·s ||  ||  ||  ||
|- valign="top"
| У у || u || u || u || u || u || u || u || u
|- valign="top"
| Ў ў || ŭ (w) || ŭ || w || w || ǔ || ú || ŭ || w
|- valign="top"
| Ф ф || f || f || f || f || f || f || f || f
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Х х || x (ch) || kh || kh || kh || h || ch || ch || h
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Ц ц || c || ts || ts || ts || c || c || c || c
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Ч ч || č || ch || ch || ch || č || č || č || ch
|- valign="top"
| Ш ш || š || sh || sh || sh || š || š || š || sh
|- valign="top"
| {{hamza}} || - || - || ˮ<!-- U+02EE-->, " || {{hardsign}} || {{hamza}} || - || - || -
|- valign="top"
| Ы ы || y || y || ȳ || y || y || y || y || y
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Ь ь || {{softsign}} || {{softsign}} || {{hamza}}, ' || {{softsign}} || {{softsign}} || {{softsign}} || combining acute || -
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Э э || è || ė || é || e || è || e || e || e
|- valign="top" style="background:#eee;"
| Ю ю || ju || i͡u || yu || yu || û || ju, iu || ju, iu || ju, iu
|- valign="top"
| Я я || ja || i͡a || ya || ya || â || ja, ia || ja, ia || ja, ia
|-
| colspan=9 | Historical letters
|- valign="top"
| И и ||  || ī ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|- valign="top"
| Щ щ ||  || shch ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|- valign="top"
| Ъ ъ ||  || {{hardsign}} || ˮ<!-- U+02EE-->, " ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|- valign="top"
| Ѣ ѣ ||  || ě || ê ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
| colspan=9 align=left | <div>{{reflist}}</div>
|}

== Examples ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Transliteration of some common words
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | Cyrillic
| [[Belarus|Беларусь]]
| [[Alexander Lukashenko|Лукашэнка]]
| [[Mogilev|Магілёў]]
| [[Family|сям’я]]
|- style="border-bottom:1px solid #999;"
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | [[Łacinka]]
| Biełaruś
| Łukašenka
| Mahiloŭ
| siamja
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | BGN/PCGN
| Byelarus′
| Lukashenka
| Mahilyow
| syamʹʹya
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | Scholarly
| Belarus′
| Lukašènka
| Mahilëŭ
| sjamja
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | ALA-LC
| Belarusʹ
| Lukashėnka
| Mahili͡oŭ
| si͡ami͡a
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | British
| Belarus’
| Lukashénka
| Mahilëw
| syam”ya
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | ISO 9
| Belarus′
| Lukašènka
| Magìlëǔ
| sâm’â
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | National 2000
| Bielarus’
| Lukašenka
| Mahilioú
| siamja
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | National 2007
| Bielaruś
| Lukašenka
| Mahilioŭ
| siamja
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:center;" | National 2023
| Bielarus
| Lukashenka
| Magiliow
| siamja
|}

==See also==
* [[Belarusian alphabet]]
* [[Belarusian Latin alphabet|Belarusian Latin alphabet (Łacinka / лацінка)]]
* [[Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic]]
* [[Cyrillic alphabets]]
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Cyrillic)#Belarusian]] (WP:BELARUSIANNAMES)
* [[Wikipedia:Romanization of Belarusian]] (essay; WP:BLR)

==References==
*''British Standard 2979 : 1958'', London: British Standards Institution.
*[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/ United Nations Statistics Division, Geographical Names]
*[https://pravo.by/document/?guid=12551&p0=W22339778&p1=1&p5=0 2023 Transliteration Instruction]

{{Romanization}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Romanization Of Belarusian}}
[[Category:Belarusian language]]
[[Category:Romanization of Cyrillic|Belarusian]]