View source for Roccasecca

{{Short description|Town and comune in Lazio, Italy}}
{{for|the ''comune'' in the [[Province of Latina]]|Roccasecca dei Volsci}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox Italian comune
| name                = Roccasecca
| official_name       = Comune di Roccasecca
| native_name         =
| image_skyline       = Roccasecca.jpg
| imagesize           =
| image_alt           =
| image_caption       = View of the historical center of Roccasecca.
| image_shield        = Roccasecca-Stemma.gif
| shield_alt          =
| image_map           =
| map_alt             =
| map_caption         =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt     =
| coordinates         = {{coord|41|33|N|13|40|E|region:IT|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| region              = [[Lazio]]
| province            = [[Province of Frosinone|Frosinone]] (FR)
| frazioni            =
| mayor_party         =
| mayor               = Marco Conte
| area_footnotes      =
| area_total_km2      = 43
| population_footnotes =
| population_total    = 7043
| population_as_of    = 1 March 2021
| pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym  = Roccaseccani
| elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tuttitalia.it/lazio/53-roccasecca/|title=Roccasecca|website=Tuttitalia|language=Italian}}</ref>
| elevation_m         = 205
| twin1               =
| twin1_country       =
| saint               =
| day                 =
| postal_code         = 03038
| area_code           = 0776
| website             = {{official website|http://www.comune.roccasecca.fr.it/}}
| footnotes           =
}}
'''Roccasecca''' is a town and ''[[comune]]'' in the [[Province of Frosinone]], in the [[Lazio]] region of central [[Italy]].  It is the birthplace of [[Thomas Aquinas]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Thomas Aquinas| volume=2 |last1= Lindsay |first1= Thomas Martin |author1-link= Thomas Martin Lindsay |last2= Mitchell |first2= John Malcolm  |author2-link= |pages = 250&ndash;252 |short=1}}</ref>

==History==
The history of Roccasecca is tightly bound to its strategic position, a "dry ''[[rocca (architecture)|rocca]]''" at the entrance to two narrow [[Defile (geography)|defiles]] that give access to the [[Comino Valley|Valle di Comino]] below the slopes of [[Monte Asprano]], whose elevation at {{convert|553|m|ft}} provides a natural position to control the wide Valle del Liri.  Remains of archaic perimeter walling attest to an early fortified presence around the site.  Roccasecca served as a way station for ancient Roman legions and invading armies crossing the [[River Melfa]], spanned by three ancient bridges there, remains of which still exist. However, the [[Medieval commune]] truly began in the [[early Middle Ages]].

It is commonly remembered that [[St. Thomas Aquinas]] was born at Roccasecca in 1225, in the castle of his father Landulf, [[Counts of Aquino|Count of Aquino]], which was an important defensive structure that Manso, Abbot of [[Monte Cassino]] erected in 994 as part of the outward defenses of the Abbey, it being some kilometres distant.  The Abbot entrusted the fortified ''[[Rocca (architecture)|rocca]]'' to a collateral branch of the [[Counts of Aquino]], whose primary seat at [[Aquino, Italy|Aquino]] lies {{convert|8|km|mi|0}} to the south; they retained their custody of the fortification through numerous battles, throughout the centuries.

After the middle of the sixteenth century, some of the inhabitants descended to the valley to erect permanent housing there, giving rise to the ''frazioni'' Roccasecca Centro, Castello, and Caprile.  In the ensuing centuries the ''rocca'' of Roccasecca passed between the [[Kings of Naples|Angevin kings of Naples]] or the Aragonese, in intermittent contention with the [[Papal States]], for the resulting power over the Valle del Liri.  Only in 1583 did Roccasecca gain some permanent security, when the Counts of Aquino sold the rights to [[Giacomo Boncompagni]], [[duchy of Sora|Duke of Sora]], the illegitimate son of [[Pope Gregory XIII]] (born Ugo Boncompagni), who made of it for the first time a Papal [[fief]].  In the seventeenth century Roccasecca fell with the remainder of southern [[Italy]] into Spanish [[Habsburg]] control.  In the eighteenth century, droughts, disease, and excessive fiscal pressures drastically reduced the number of inhabitants.  In the nineteenth century, the illusory Napoleonic promises of liberty were dissolved in [[Carbonari]]a and brigandage.

After the [[unification of Italy]] in 1860 and the arrival in 1902 of a railroad line to [[Avezzano]] that linked Roccasecca with the larger world, emigration to the industrial north and farther abroad became more practical.  But the agricultural life of Roccasecca remained unbroken until [[World War II]].  The war was a tragic episode: Roccasecca was chosen, due to its rail station and railroad bridge across the [[Melfa]], as the headquarters for the German [[XIV Panzer Corps]] under General [[Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin]], with the consequence of repeated Allied bombing, which heavily damaged the commune's population and culminated in a ferocious attack on the rail station.

In the post-war period, reconstruction brought some industry for the first time and modern redevelopment in the demolished area around the restored railroad station.

The seventh centennial of St. Thomas Aquinas' death was honoured with the visit of [[Pope Paul VI|St. Paul VI]] on 14 September 1974.

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{commons category|Roccasecca}}
*[http://www.comune.roccasecca.fr.it/ Official website]


{{Province of Frosinone}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}


[[Category:Cities and towns in Lazio]]